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1. 发明授权

US4861204A Turn broaching tool 失效
标题翻译：转拉刀
公开(公告)号：US4861204A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-29
申请号：US109935
申请日：1987-10-16
申请人： Garri Berstein , Hans W. Obrig , Helmut Wittkopp
发明人： Garri Berstein , Hans W. Obrig , Helmut Wittkopp
IPC分类号： B23C3/06 , B23D37/00 , B23D37/14 , B23D43/06
CPC分类号： B23D37/005 , B23D43/06 , B23D2043/063 , Y10T407/15 , Y10T407/1614 , Y10T407/1685 , Y10T409/307616
摘要： A broaching tool is provided with at least nine cutting tool edges arranged at its circumference. The cutting tool edges cover only a certain sector along the circumference of a tool disk while leaving another sector between a first and last cutting tool edge free of cutting tool edges. This feature enables moving a tool axially relative to a work piece without first moving the tool radially relative to the work piece. Further, the tool can be moved radially without damage. These movements are performed when the sector without cutting tool edges faces the work piece. This sector without cutting tool edges has an opening angle of less than 180.degree. and it provides a spacing and free space relative to a work piece. Thus, work piece surfaces that have been machined by the cutting edges, are free of these cutting edges if and when the other sector faces the work piece.
摘要翻译：拉削刀具具有至少九个在其圆周上布置的切削刀刃。切割工具边缘仅沿着工具盘的圆周覆盖某个扇区，而在没有切削刀刃的第一和最后切削刀刃之间留下另一个刀片。该特征使刀具能够相对于工件轴向移动，而无需首先相对于工件径向移动刀具。此外，工具可以径向移动而不损坏。当没有切割刀具边缘的部分面向工件时，执行这些运动。没有切削刀刃的刀刃具有小于180°的开度角，并且相对于工件提供间隔和自由空间。因此，如果另一个扇区面向工件，则由切削刃加工的工件表面没有这些切削刃。

2. 发明授权

US4799839A Method and apparatus for performing a rotary broaching operation particularly on work pieces of rotational symmetry 失效
标题翻译：用于进行旋转拉削操作的方法和装置，特别是在旋转对称的工件上
公开(公告)号：US4799839A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-24
申请号：US109932
申请日：1987-10-16
申请人： Garri Berstein , Hans W. Obrig , Helmut Wittkopp , Hermann Wolters
发明人： Garri Berstein , Hans W. Obrig , Helmut Wittkopp , Hermann Wolters
IPC分类号： B23D37/14 , B23D37/00 , B23D43/06
CPC分类号： B23D37/005 , B23D2043/063 , Y10T409/109222 , Y10T409/400175 , Y10T409/404375 , Y10T409/4077
摘要： Work pieces, especially of rotational symmetry, are machined in a rotary broaching operation. The machine tool for this purpose has a tool carrier carrying a plurality of cutting edges arranged on a curved path in a radial work piece plane. In order to reduce down-time and to simplify the construction of the broaching apparatus, the insertion of a work piece blank into the apparatus and the removal of a finished work piece from the apparatus are preferably performed without interrupting the motions of a tool carrier. For this purpose the tool carrier is provided with a zone which is free of cutting tool edges. This tool free zone of the tool carrier is located downstream of the last cutting edge as viewed in the rotational direction of the tool carrier. This feature avoids the need for a return stroke of the tool carrier. Accordingly, respective return slides and return controls are also obviated. The apparatus is equipped with angular sensing devices for ascertaining the angular positions of the tool carrier at the beginning and at the end of a work cycle to provide respective control signals for the insertion and removal of a work piece in the zone without cutting edges and to start a new work cycle when a work piece blank is inserted into the machine tool.
摘要翻译：特别是旋转对称的工件在旋转拉削操作中加工。用于该目的的机床具有工具载体，该工具载体承载布置在径向工件平面中的弯曲路径上的多个切削刃。为了减少停机时间并且简化拉削装置的结构，优选在不中断工具架的运动的情况下执行将工件坯料插入设备中并从设备中取出成品工件。为此，刀具架设有无切削刀刃的区域。刀具架的无刀具区域位于刀具架的旋转方向观察的最后切削刃的下游。该功能避免了刀架的返回行程的需要。因此，也避免了各自的返回幻灯片和返回控件。该装置配备有角度感测装置，用于在工作周期的开始和结束时确定工具架的角度位置，以提供用于在没有切割边缘的区域中插入和移除工件的相应控制信号，并且当工件坯件插入机床时，开始新的工作循环。

3. 发明授权

US4895057A Machine tool for broaching crankshaft connecting rod bearings 失效
标题翻译：用于拉削曲轴连杆轴承的机床
公开(公告)号：US4895057A
公开(公告)日：1990-01-23
申请号：US109934
申请日：1987-10-16
申请人： Garri Berstein , Hans W. Obrig , Helmut Wittkopp , Hermann Wolters
发明人： Garri Berstein , Hans W. Obrig , Helmut Wittkopp , Hermann Wolters
IPC分类号： B23D41/02 , B23D37/00 , B23D37/14
CPC分类号： B23D37/005 , Y10T82/19 , Y10T82/26
摘要： The known turn broaching of crankshaft main bearings is not suitable for broaching crankshaft bearing pins for the connecting rods because that would require locating the rotational axis of the crankshaft in the connecting rod bearing pins, whereby the crankshaft would rotate eccentrically. The resulting unbalances prevent driving the crankshaft with the r.p.m. required for the turn broaching operation. To avoid this problem a broaching lathe for the rotational or turn broaching of crankshaft connecting rod bearing pins is equipped with a steady rest including a rotating support device which permits mounting the crankshaft in the lathe in such a way that the rotational axis coincides with the axis of the connecting rod bearings of the crankshaft.
摘要翻译：曲轴主轴承的已知转弯拉杆不适用于拉杆用于连接杆的曲轴轴承销，因为这将需要将曲轴的旋转轴线定位在连杆轴承销中，由此曲轴将偏心旋转。由此产生的不平衡阻碍了用r.p.m驱动曲轴。转弯拉刀操作需要。为了避免这个问题，用于曲轴连杆轴承销的旋转或转动拉削的拉削车床配备有稳定的休息，其包括允许将曲轴安装在车床中的旋转支撑装置，使得旋转轴线与轴线重合的曲轴连杆轴承。

4. 发明授权

US4866642A Method and apparatus for determining the diameter of rail vehicle wheels 失效
标题翻译：确定轨道车轮的直径的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4866642A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-12
申请号：US72229
申请日：1987-07-10
申请人： Hans W. Obrig , Helmut Wittkopp , Nis-Friedrich Ewald
发明人： Hans W. Obrig , Helmut Wittkopp , Nis-Friedrich Ewald
IPC分类号： G01B11/08
CPC分类号： G01B11/08
摘要： The diameter of railroad wheels is calculated from data obtained by simultaneously producing two marker points on the tread surface of the wheel and simultaneously sensing these marker points and from data representing the known fixed location of the marker point generators and of the sensors. These data define a chord line and a chord height subtending the chord line. The length of the chord line and chord height in turn define the wheel diameter. A computer performs the calculations and provides a respective output that may be used for display or for controlling a tool such as a wheel truing machine.
摘要翻译：铁路车轮的直径是通过在轮胎的胎面上同时产生两个标记点并同时感测这些标记点和从表示标记点发生器和传感器的已知固定位置的数据获得的数据计算的。这些数据定义了和弦和和弦线对齐的和弦高度。弦线的长度和弦高度又限定车轮直径。计算机执行计算并提供可用于显示或用于控制诸如修轮机的工具的相应输出。

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