专利快速检索-快速检索全球专利，免费商用专利数据库-IPRDB

1. 发明授权

US4381979A Electrolysis cell and method of generating halogen 失效
标题翻译：电解槽和卤素的生成方法
公开(公告)号：US4381979A
公开(公告)日：1983-05-03
申请号：US268431
申请日：1981-05-29
申请人： Oronzio De Nora , Antonio Nidola , Gian N. Martelli
发明人： Oronzio De Nora , Antonio Nidola , Gian N. Martelli
IPC分类号： C25B9/00 , C25B1/46 , C25B9/10 , C25B11/02 , C25B1/34
CPC分类号： C25B9/10
摘要： Halogen is produced by electrolyzing an aqueous halide in a specially designed cell. The cell comprises an anolyte chamber and a catholyte chamber separated by a permeable membrane or diaphragm, notably an ion exchange (generally cation exchange) polymer. At least one electrode comprises at least two sections. One section comprises a gas and electrolyte permeable layer, sheet or mat having a catalytic surface, i.e. one having a low overvoltage, (low hydrogen overvoltage if the cathode and low halogen overvoltage if the anode). This layer is spaced from the membrane by a second section comprising a thin intermediate electroconductive layer, screen or coating which is in contact with the membrane on one side thereof, the other side thereof being in contact with the main cathode.This second or spacer section advantageously has an electrode surface having a higher overvoltage than the first electrode surface. Preferably the cathode has the above construction.Upon electrolysis of alkali metal chloride or other halide in such a cell and with a cathode of the type described above, a low voltage is obtained even at high current densities and the cathode efficiency is high.The spacer may be in the form of a thin porous coating of metal or the like bonded to or in close contact with the membrane or it may be in the form of a gas and electrolyte permeable screen interposed between the membrane and the lower overvoltage section.
摘要翻译：卤素通过在专门设计的电池中电解卤化物水溶液而产生。电池包括由可渗透膜或隔膜分开的阳极电解液室和阴极电解液室，特别是离子交换（通常为阳离子交换）聚合物。至少一个电极包括至少两个部分。一个部分包括气体和电解质可渗透层，具有催化表面的片材或垫，即具有低过电压的片材或垫片（如果阴极和低卤素过电压（如果阳极，则为低氢过电压））。该层通过第二部分与第二部分隔开，第二部分包括薄的中间导电层，在其一侧与膜接触的屏幕或涂层，其另一侧与主阴极接触。该第二或间隔部分有利地具有比第一电极表面更高的过电压的电极表面。阴极优选具有上述结构。在这种电池中和碱金属氯化物或其他卤化物电解时，即使在高电流密度下也能获得低电压，阴极效率高。间隔物可以是与膜结合或紧密接触的金属等的薄多孔涂层的形式，或者其可以是介于膜和下部过电压部分之间的气体和电解质渗透性筛网的形式。

2. 发明授权

US4364803A Deposition of catalytic electrodes on ion-exchange membranes 失效
标题翻译：在离子交换膜上沉积催化电极
公开(公告)号：US4364803A
公开(公告)日：1982-12-21
申请号：US212173
申请日：1980-12-02
申请人： Antonio Nidola , Gian N. Martelli
发明人： Antonio Nidola , Gian N. Martelli
IPC分类号： B01J23/00 , B01J23/89 , B01J27/00 , C23C18/20 , C25B9/10 , C25B11/00 , C25B11/04 , C25D5/00 , C25D9/04 , C25D17/00
CPC分类号： C25B11/0478 , C23C18/2013 , C23C18/2033 , C23C18/208 , C25B11/00 , C25B9/10 , H01M2300/0082
摘要： A gas and electrolyte permeable metal layer is bonded to an ion-permeable membrane by electroless deposition to produce a permeable metal deposit upon the membrane or diaphragm. Advantageously, the membrane surface to be coated is pretreated with an amphoteric material. Thereafter, the treated surface is treated to deposit the coating. Typical metals deposited include platinum group metals, iron group metals, such as nickel, cobalt and others including gold and silver. The coatings are very thin, rarely in excess of about 50 to 100 microns.The coated membrane may be installed in an electrolytic cell used for producing chlorine and alkali by electrolysis of alkali metal chloride with the coating serving as one electrode and another opposed electrode on or adjacent to the opposite side of the membrane. It may also be used in water electrolysis and for other purposes.The coatings may be thickened by depositing other coatings of the same or different composition by suitable coating techniques.Especially adherent coatings are obtained when the metal deposited upon the pretreated surface is palladium metal or a mixture of palladium with another metal. Thickening coatings deposited upon such a porous palladium coating are found to have superior adherence and durability. The metal layer may be soaked or contacted with an alkali metal or an amalgam in the presence of water to modify its crystal structure or grain size, if desired.
摘要翻译：通过无电沉积将气体和电解质渗透的金属层结合到离子可渗透膜，以在膜或膜片上产生可渗透的金属沉积物。有利地，待涂覆的膜表面用两性材料预处理。此后，处理表面被处理以沉积涂层。沉积的典型金属包括铂族金属，铁族金属，如镍，钴等，包括金和银。涂层非常薄，很少超过约50至100微米。涂覆膜可以安装在用于通过电解碱金属氯化物而生产氯和碱的电解池中，其中涂层用作一个电极，而另一个相对的电极在膜的相对侧上或附近。它也可用于水电解和其他目的。通过合适的涂覆技术沉积相同或不同组成的其它涂层，可以使涂层变厚。当沉积在预处理表面上的金属是钯金属或钯与另一种金属的混合物时，获得特别粘附的涂层。发现沉积在这种多孔钯涂层上的增稠涂层具有优异的附着力和耐久性。如果需要，金属层可以在水的存在下与碱金属或汞合金浸泡或接触以改变其晶体结构或晶粒尺寸。

3. 发明授权

US5015344A Electrodes with dual porosity 失效
标题翻译：双孔电极
公开(公告)号：US5015344A
公开(公告)日：1991-05-14
申请号：US181406
申请日：1988-04-13
申请人： Antonio Nidola , Gian N. Martelli
发明人： Antonio Nidola , Gian N. Martelli
IPC分类号： C25B9/10
CPC分类号： C25B9/10
摘要： An electrode comprising a gas permeable and liquid permeable coating bonded to an ion exchange membrane, said coating comprising low overvoltage electrocatalytic particles, more electroconductive electrolyte resistant particles and an electrolyte resistant binder compatible with the membrane to bond the particles thereto, the electrode coating being provided with a plurality of pores with a pore size of at least 0.1 microns.Effective porosity is imparted to the layer of particles by means of a sacrificial, pore-forming agent and by leaching out such agent after the particles have been bonded together and the layer formed is in its desired thickness, preferably after it has been deposited upon the membrane.Surface resistivity of the layer is reduced and the layer is effectively reinforced by incorporating electroconductive particles which often have a higher overvoltage than the electrocatalytic particles and also have high electroconductivity. Silver and materials having approximately the equivalent electroconductivity of silver are incorporated for this purpose.
摘要翻译：一种电极，其包括结合到离子交换膜的透气且液体可渗透的涂层，所述涂层包含低过电压电催化颗粒，更多的导电电解质颗粒和与该膜相容的电解质粘合剂粘结颗粒，其中提供电极涂层具有孔径至少为0.1微米的多个孔。通过牺牲的成孔剂将有效的孔隙率赋予颗粒层，并且在颗粒已经结合在一起并且形成的层在其所需的厚度之后，优选在其沉积在膜。降低了层的表面电阻率，并且通过引入通常具有比电催化颗粒更高的过电压并且还具有高导电性的导电颗粒来有效地增强该层。为此，引入银和具有大致相当于银的导电性的材料。

4. 发明授权

US4395436A Process for preparing electrochemical material 失效
标题翻译：电化学材料的制备方法
公开(公告)号：US4395436A
公开(公告)日：1983-07-26
申请号：US206746
申请日：1980-11-14
申请人： Giuseppe Bianchi , Antonio Nidola , Gian N. Martelli
发明人： Giuseppe Bianchi , Antonio Nidola , Gian N. Martelli
IPC分类号： C01B13/18 , C25B11/00 , C25B11/10 , B05D5/12
CPC分类号： C25B11/00 , C01B13/18 , C01P2004/03
摘要： A process for preparing an electroconductive metal coating on a substrate wherein precursor compounds capable of decomposing to form an electroconductive coating are subjected to localized high intensive heat, followed by rapid cooling, while maintaining the bulk of the substrate and/or the surrounding atmosphere at a lower temperature.The process is particularly suited for preparing valve metal substrates coated with mixed oxides comprising at least one metal belonging to the platinum group and a valve metal. Such can be utilized as dimensionally stable anodes in electrolytic processes. The process is moreover useful for applying oxides coating on metal and non-metal substrates of different kinds, such as ceramics, glass, plastics and polymeric organic supports.
摘要翻译：在衬底上制备导电金属涂层的方法，其中能够分解形成导电涂层的前体化合物经受局部高强度热，随后快速冷却，同时将基底的大部分和/或周围的气氛保持在温度较低该方法特别适用于制备涂覆有包含至少一种属于铂族金属的金属和阀金属的混合氧化物的阀金属基材。这样可以在电解过程中用作尺寸稳定的阳极。此外，该方法可用于在诸如陶瓷，玻璃，塑料和聚合物有机载体的金属和非金属基材上施加氧化物涂层。

5. 发明授权

US4615775A Electrolysis cell and method of generating halogen 失效
标题翻译：电解槽和卤素的生成方法
公开(公告)号：US4615775A
公开(公告)日：1986-10-07
申请号：US490515
申请日：1983-05-02
申请人： Oronzio de Nora , Antonio Nidola , Gian N. Martelli
发明人： Oronzio de Nora , Antonio Nidola , Gian N. Martelli
IPC分类号： C25B1/46 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/08 , C25B9/10 , C25B1/26
CPC分类号： C25B9/08 , C25B1/46 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/10
摘要： Halogen is produced by electrolyzing an aqueous halide in a specially designed cell. The cell comprises an anolyte chamber and a catholyte chamber separated by a permeable membrane or diaphragm, notably an ion exchange (generally cation exchange) polymer. At least one electrode comprises at least two sections. One section comprises a gas and electrolyte permeable layer, sheet or mat having a catalytic surface, i.e. one having a low overvoltage, (low hydrogen overvoltage if the cathode and low halogen overvoltage if the anode). This layer is spaced from the membrane by a second portion comprising an electroconductive resiliently compressible layer or mat, which is in contact with the membrane on one side thereof, the other side thereof being in contact with the main cathode.This second or spacer section advantageously has an electrode surface having a higher overvoltage than the first electrode surface. Preferably the cathode has the above construction.Upon electrolysis of alkali metal chloride or other halide in such a cell and with a cathode of the type described above, a low voltage is obtained even at high current densities and the cathode efficiency is high.
摘要翻译：卤素通过在专门设计的电池中电解卤化物水溶液而产生。电池包括由可渗透膜或隔膜分开的阳极电解液室和阴极电解液室，特别是离子交换（通常为阳离子交换）聚合物。至少一个电极包括至少两个部分。一个部分包括气体和电解质可渗透层，具有催化表面的片材或垫，即具有低过电压的片材或垫片（如果阴极和低卤素过电压（如果阳极，则为低氢过电压））。该层与膜间隔开第二部分，该第二部分包括导电弹性可压缩层或垫，该导电弹性可压缩层或垫在其一侧与膜接触，其另一侧与主阴极接触。该第二或间隔部分有利地具有比第一电极表面更高的过电压的电极表面。阴极优选具有上述结构。在这种电池中和碱金属氯化物或其他卤化物电解时，即使在高电流密度下也能获得低电压，阴极效率高。

6. 发明授权

US5076898A Novel electrodes and methods of preparing and using same 失效
标题翻译：新型电极及其制备方法和使用方法
公开(公告)号：US5076898A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-31
申请号：US265577
申请日：1989-02-22
申请人： Antonio Nidola , Gian N. Martelli
发明人： Antonio Nidola , Gian N. Martelli
IPC分类号： C25B9/10
CPC分类号： C25B9/10
摘要： An electrode comprising a gas permeable and liquid permeable coating bonded to an ion exchange membrane, said coating comprising low overvoltage electrocatalytic particles, more electroconductive electrolyte resistant particles and an electrolyte resistant binder compatible with the membrane to bond the particles thereto, the electrode coating being provided with a plurality of pores with a pore size of at least 0.1 microns.Effective porosity is imparted to the layer of particles by means of a sacrificial, pore-forming agent and by leaching out such agent after the particles have been bonded together and the layer formed is in its desired thickness, preferably after it has been deposited upon the membrane.Surface resistivity of the layer is reduced and the layer is effectively reinforced by incorporating electroconductive particles which often have a higher overvoltage than the electrocatalytic particles and also have high electroconductivity. Silver and materials having approximately the equivalent electroconductivity of silver are incorporated for this purpose.

7. 发明授权

US4778578A Deposition of catalytic electrodes of ion-exchange membranes 失效
标题翻译：沉积离子交换膜催化电极
公开(公告)号：US4778578A
公开(公告)日：1988-10-18
申请号：US122645
申请日：1987-11-12
申请人： Antonio Nidola , Gian N. Martelli
发明人： Antonio Nidola , Gian N. Martelli
IPC分类号： B01J23/00 , B01J23/89 , B01J27/00 , C23C18/20 , C25B9/10 , C25B11/00 , C25B11/04 , C25B1/00
CPC分类号： C25B11/0478 , C23C18/2013 , C23C18/2033 , C23C18/208 , C25B11/00 , C25B9/10 , H01M2300/0082
摘要： A gas and electrolyte permeable metal layer is bonded to an ion-permeable membrane by electroless deposition to produce a permeable metal deposit upon the membrane or diaphragm. Advantageously, the membrane surface to be coated is pretreated with an amphoteric material. Thereafter, the treated surface is treated to deposit the coating. Typical metals deposited include platinum group metals, iron group metals, such as nickel, cobalt and others including gold and silver. The coatings are very thin, rarely in excess of about 50 to 100 microns.The coated membrane may be installed in an electrolytic cell used for producing chlorine and alkali by electrolysis of alkali metal chloride with the coating serving as one electrode and another opposed electrode on or adjacent to the opposite side of the membrane. It may also be used in water electrolysis and for other purposes.The coatings may be thickened by depositing other coatings of the same or different composition by suitable coating techniques.Especially adherent coatings are obtained when the metal deposited upon the pretreated surface is palladium metal or a mixture of palladium with another metal. Thickening coatings deposited upon such a porous palladium coating are found to have superior adherence and durability. The metal layer may be soaked or contacted with an alkali metal or an amalgam in presence of water to modify its crystal structure or grain size, if desired.
摘要翻译：通过无电沉积将气体和电解质渗透的金属层结合到离子可渗透膜，以在膜或膜片上产生可渗透的金属沉积物。有利地，待涂覆的膜表面用两性材料预处理。此后，处理表面被处理以沉积涂层。沉积的典型金属包括铂族金属，铁族金属，如镍，钴等，包括金和银。涂层非常薄，很少超过约50至100微米。涂覆膜可以安装在用于通过电解碱金属氯化物而生产氯和碱的电解池中，其中涂层用作一个电极，而另一个相对的电极在膜的相对侧上或附近。它也可用于水电解和其他目的。通过合适的涂覆技术沉积相同或不同组成的其它涂层，可以使涂层变厚。当沉积在预处理表面上的金属是钯金属或钯与另一种金属的混合物时，获得特别粘附的涂层。发现沉积在这种多孔钯涂层上的增稠涂层具有优异的附着力和耐久性。如果需要，金属层可以在水的存在下与碱金属或汞合金浸泡或接触以改变其晶体结构或晶粒尺寸。

8. 发明授权

US4468311A Electrolysis cell 失效
标题翻译：电解池
公开(公告)号：US4468311A
公开(公告)日：1984-08-28
申请号：US382691
申请日：1982-05-27
申请人： Oronzio de Nora , Antonio Nidola , Gian N. Martelli
发明人： Oronzio de Nora , Antonio Nidola , Gian N. Martelli
IPC分类号： C25B9/00 , C25B1/46 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/08 , C25B9/10 , C25B11/02 , C25B13/08 , C25B11/03 , C25B11/12 , C25B15/08
CPC分类号： C25B1/46 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/08
摘要： A cell is provided having an anode and cathode separated by an ion permeable membrane or diaphragm wherein an electrode layer is bonded to or otherwise embedded in on at least one and usually to both sides of the membrane. Polarity is imparted to a bonded or embedded electrode by pressing a crinkled resiliently compressible fabric against the membrane carrying the electrode layer. This fabric is substantially coextensive with the electrode layer and is constructed so that when compressed it exerts a substantially uniform elastic reaction pressure against the membrane carrying the electrode layer or a pliable foraminous sheet, i.e. screen, interposed between the membrane carrying the electrode layer and the resiliently compressible fabric. The resiliently compressible fabric has the ability of also transmitting pressure laterally so that pressure applied may distribute across the entire area of the layer and tendency to have local areas of too low of too high pressure is minimized or reduced.Chlorine or other halogen is produced by feeding an aqueous alkali metal halide or aqueous hydrogen halide to the anode chamber. Alkali is produced in the cathode chamber and withdrawn.
摘要翻译：提供具有由离子可渗透膜或隔膜隔开的阳极和阴极的电池，其中电极层与膜的至少一个并且通常到两侧结合或以其它方式嵌入在膜的至少一个并且通常到两侧。通过将皱缩的弹性可压缩织物压靠在承载电极层的膜上而将粘合或嵌入电极赋予极性。该织物与电极层基本上共同延伸，并且被构造成使得当被压缩时，其对承载电极层的膜或柔性多孔片（即屏幕）施加基本上均匀的弹性反应压力，所述膜介于带有电极层的膜和弹性可压缩织物。弹性可压缩织物具有横向传递压力的能力，使得施加的压力可以分布在层的整个区域上，并且具有太低压力的局部区域的最小化或减小的趋势。氯或其它卤素通过将碱金属卤化物水溶液或卤水水溶液加入到阳极室来制备。碱在阴极室中产生并被抽出。

你已经成功收藏专利！

检索式保存成功!

IPRDB

热门服务

关于我们

友情链接

联系方式