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1. 发明授权

US07085451B2 Optical fiber gratings with azimuthal refractive index perturbation 失效
$Optical fiber gratings with azimuthal refractive index perturbation$
标题翻译：具有方位折射率扰动的光纤光栅
公开(公告)号：US07085451B2
公开(公告)日：2006-08-01
申请号：US11220337
申请日：2005-09-06
申请人： Thomas K. Gaylord , Gregory D. Van Wiggeren , Donald D. Davis , Elias N. Glytsis , Emmanuel Anemogiannis
发明人： Thomas K. Gaylord , Gregory D. Van Wiggeren , Donald D. Davis , Elias N. Glytsis , Emmanuel Anemogiannis
IPC分类号： G02B6/34 , G02B6/02
CPC分类号： G02B6/02085 , G02B6/02142 , G02B6/022
摘要： The present invention relates to a type of optical fiber grating having an azimuthal refractive-index perturbation. The optical fiber includes a fiber grating that has a plurality of grating elements formed therein. At least one of the grating elements has a spatially varying index of refraction that varies azimuthally about the centerline of the optical fiber. The fiber grating acts as a band-stop optical spectral filter. In addition, since fiber-cladding modes are weakly-guided modes, their power can be easily dissipated by scattering, bending, stretching, and/or rotating the optical fiber. Multiple configurations of these gratings within an optical fiber are given. Methodologies are given for the fabrication of these gratings. Devices are presented which can dynamically attenuate, tune, switch, or modulate the wavelength spectral characteristics of an optical signal.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种具有方位角折射率扰动的光纤光栅。光纤包括在其中形成有多个光栅元件的光纤光栅。光栅元件中的至少一个具有空间变化的折射率，其围绕光纤的中心线方位改变。光纤光栅用作带阻光谱滤波器。此外，由于光纤包层模式是弱引导模式，它们的功率可以通过散射，弯曲，拉伸和/或旋转光纤而容易地消散。给出光纤内的这些光栅的多种配置。给出了制造这些光栅的方法。可以提供可以动态地衰减，调谐，切换或调制光信号的波长光谱特性的装置。

2. 发明授权

US06832023B1 Optical fiber gratings with azimuthal refractive index perturbation, method of fabrication, and devices for tuning, attenuating, switching, and modulating optical signals 失效
$Optical fiber gratings with azimuthal refractive index perturbation, method of fabrication, and devices for tuning, attenuating, switching, and modulating optical signals$
标题翻译：具有方位角折射率扰动的光纤光栅，制造方法以及用于调谐，衰减，开关和调制光信号的器件
公开(公告)号：US06832023B1
公开(公告)日：2004-12-14
申请号：US09860790
申请日：2001-05-18
申请人： Thomas K. Gaylord , Gregory D. Van Wiggeren , Donald D. Davis , Elias N. Glytsis , Emmanuel Anemogiannis
发明人： Thomas K. Gaylord , Gregory D. Van Wiggeren , Donald D. Davis , Elias N. Glytsis , Emmanuel Anemogiannis
IPC分类号： G02B634
CPC分类号： G02B6/02085 , G02B6/02142 , G02B6/022
摘要： The present invention relates to a type of optical fiber grating having an azimuthal refractive-index perturbation. The optical fiber includes a fiber grating that has a plurality of grating elements formed therein. At least one of the grating elements has a spatially varying index of refraction that varies azimuthally about the centerline of the optical fiber. The fiber grating acts as a band-stop optical spectral filter. In addition, since fiber-cladding modes are weakly-guided modes, their power can be easily dissipated by scattering, bending, stretching, and/or rotating the optical fiber. Multiple configurations of these gratings within an optical fiber are given. Methodologies are given for the fabrication of these gratings. Devices are presented which can dynamically attenuate, tune, switch, or modulate the wavelength spectral characteristics of an optical signal.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种具有方位角折射率扰动的光纤光栅。光纤包括在其中形成有多个光栅元件的光纤光栅。光栅元件中的至少一个具有空间变化的折射率，其围绕光纤的中心线方位改变。光纤光栅用作带阻光谱滤波器。此外，由于光纤包层模式是弱引导模式，它们的功率可以通过散射，弯曲，拉伸和/或旋转光纤而容易地消散。给出光纤内的这些光栅的多种配置。给出了制造这些光栅的方法。可以提供可以动态地衰减，调谐，切换或调制光信号的波长光谱特性的装置。

3. 发明授权

US06542668B2 Very-high-temperature-stable fiber grating-based sensor 失效
标题翻译：极高温度稳定的光纤光栅传感器
公开(公告)号：US06542668B2
公开(公告)日：2003-04-01
申请号：US09848925
申请日：2001-05-03
申请人： Thomas K. Gaylord , Gregory D. VanWiggeren , Donald D. Davis , Elias N. Glytsis , Emmanuel Anemogiannis
发明人： Thomas K. Gaylord , Gregory D. VanWiggeren , Donald D. Davis , Elias N. Glytsis , Emmanuel Anemogiannis
IPC分类号： G02B634
CPC分类号： G01N21/4788 , G01D5/35316 , G01D5/35387 , G01N21/552 , G01N2021/7783 , G02B6/02109 , G02B6/02147 , G02B6/02185
摘要： An apparatus for measuring environmental parameters comprising an optical fiber-based sensor having thermally-induced diffraction gratings therein which are stable at very high temperatures for many hours. The diffraction gratings are, preferably, formed in an optical fiber by exposure to light from an infrared laser and do not degrade at high temperatures. A system for measuring an environmental parameter includes an optical fiber-based sensor, a light source, and a detector. According to a method of measuring an environmental parameter, the optical fiber-based sensor is positioned within a high-temperature environment having a parameter desired for measurement. The light source directs light into the optical fiber-based sensor. The detector measures the differential diffraction of the light output from the optical fiber-based sensor and determines a value of the environmental parameter based, at least in part, upon a known correlation between the differential diffraction and the environmental parameter.
摘要翻译：一种用于测量环境参数的装置，包括其中具有热诱导衍射光栅的基于光纤的传感器，其在非常高的温度下稳定许多小时。优选地，衍射光栅通过暴露于来自红外激光的光而在光纤中形成，并且在高温下不会降解。用于测量环境参数的系统包括基于光纤的传感器，光源和检测器。根据测定环境参数的方法，基于光纤的传感器位于具有测量所需参数的高温环境中。光源将光引导到基于光纤的传感器中。检测器测量来自基于光纤的传感器的光输出的差分衍射，并且至少部分地基于差分衍射和环境参数之间的已知相关性来确定环境参数的值。

4. 发明授权

US06282005B1 Optical surface plasmon-wave communications systems 失效
公开(公告)号：US06282005B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-28
申请号：US09081855
申请日：1998-05-19
申请人： Leo J. Thompson , Emmanuel Anemogiannis
发明人： Leo J. Thompson , Emmanuel Anemogiannis
IPC分类号： H04B1012
CPC分类号： H04J14/02 , G02F1/011 , G02F1/0118 , G02F2203/10 , H04B10/503 , H04B10/505 , H04B10/506 , H04B10/58 , H04B2210/258
摘要： A plurality of optical communications systems including a SPW modulator are described. The communications systems include an optical transmitter coupled to an optical fiber communications link which carries a optically modulated information signal to an optical receiver. The laser transmitter includes a laser light source which is optically coupled to a SPW modulator which has been particularly adapted for broadband communications by selecting its transfer characteristic and modulation structure. A broadband signal containing a plurality of information channels, for example CATV channels, is applied to it modulator electrodes. The modulation signal varies the power coupling between the guided laser light source signal and a SPW in the modulator. The result is an intensity modulated optical signal that is output to the optical fiber for transmission to the optical receiver of the system. Alternatively, the communications system includes a high power laser coupled to an optical splitter to divide its output power in two or more optical source outputs. Each optical source output is then used to drive an associated SPW modulator. Each of the modulators receives a broadband signal with which to modulate its optical source. After modulation, the modulated lightwave from a modulator is coupled to a corresponding optical fiber for carriage to an optical receiver. In this manner, several broadband information signals can be communicated over the system using only one laser source. A net benefit from using one higher power laser, rather than several lower power ones, is one of cost, purity and similarity of the several signals. This configuration is enhanced by the lower loss and higher linearity of the SPW modulators. Further, several WDM embodiments including those having serially cascaded SPW modulators are provided. The transfer characteristic of the SPW modulators are tailored to either be more efficient for an analog or a digital modulation signal by adding or subtracting grating effects.

5. 发明授权

US5825479A Apparatus for detecting fibers with different dispersion characteristics and method 失效
标题翻译：用于检测具有不同色散特性和方法的纤维的装置
公开(公告)号：US5825479A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-20
申请号：US876505
申请日：1997-06-16
申请人： Leo J. Thompson , Emmanuel Anemogiannis
发明人： Leo J. Thompson , Emmanuel Anemogiannis
IPC分类号： G01N21/41 , G01N21/84
CPC分类号： G01N21/412
摘要： A method and apparatus for distinguishing between fiber types having different dispersion characteristics and arbitrary lengths is disclosed. An optical pulse having a predetermined wavelength and predetermined time width is propagated through the fiber and then detected. The optical pulse after being fed through the fiber is measured at different wavelengths along with the length of the fiber. If the measured pulse is within a predetermined amount at the determined length, then fiber under test corresponds to a type having a first dispersion characteristic. If it is determined that the measured pulse is within a second amount, then the fiber under test corresponds to a type having a second dispersion characteristic. Alternately one or more optical pulses of arbitrary width each having different wavelengths after being propagated through the fiber under test is fed through a plurality of filters and detected. The wavelength of the pulse of the smallest time duration is detected and a corresponding dispersion characteristic is then indicated.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于区分具有不同色散特性和任意长度的光纤类型的方法和装置。具有预定波长和预定时间宽度的光脉冲通过光纤传播，然后被检测。在纤维馈送之后的光脉冲与光纤的长度一起被测量在不同的波长处。如果所测量的脉冲在所确定的长度上在预定量内，则被测光纤对应于具有第一色散特性的类型。如果确定测量的脉冲在第二量内，则被测光纤对应于具有第二色散特性的类型。或者，在通过被测光纤传播之后，每个具有不同波长的任意宽度的一个或多个光脉冲被馈送通过多个滤光器并被检测。检测最小持续时间的脉冲的波长，然后指示相应的色散特性。

6. 发明申请

US20060008208A1 Optical fiber gratings with azimuthal refractive index perturbation 失效
$Optical fiber gratings with azimuthal refractive index perturbation$
公开(公告)号：US20060008208A1
公开(公告)日：2006-01-12
申请号：US11220337
申请日：2005-09-06
申请人： Thomas Gaylord , Gregory Van Wiggeren , Donald Davis , Elias Glytsis , Emmanuel Anemogiannis
发明人： Thomas Gaylord , Gregory Van Wiggeren , Donald Davis , Elias Glytsis , Emmanuel Anemogiannis
IPC分类号： G02B6/34
CPC分类号： G02B6/02085 , G02B6/02142 , G02B6/022
摘要： The present invention relates to a type of optical fiber grating having an azimuthal refractive-index perturbation. The optical fiber includes a fiber grating that has a plurality of grating elements formed therein. At least one of the grating elements has a spatially varying index of refraction that varies azimuthally about the centerline of the optical fiber. The fiber grating acts as a band-stop optical spectral filter. In addition, since fiber-cladding modes are weakly-guided modes, their power can be easily dissipated by scattering, bending, stretching, and/or rotating the optical fiber. Multiple configurations of these gratings within an optical fiber are given. Methodologies are given for the fabrication of these gratings. Devices are presented which can dynamically attenuate, tune, switch, or modulate the wavelength spectral characteristics of an optical signal.

7. 发明授权

US06941039B2 Optical fiber gratings with azimuthal refractive index perturbation and devices for tuning, attenuating, switching, and modulating optical signals 失效
$Optical fiber gratings with azimuthal refractive index perturbation and devices for tuning, attenuating, switching, and modulating optical signals$
标题翻译：具有方位折射率扰动的光纤光栅和用于调谐，衰减，开关和调制光信号的器件
公开(公告)号：US06941039B2
公开(公告)日：2005-09-06
申请号：US10886800
申请日：2004-07-08
申请人： Thomas K Gaylord , Gregory D. VanWiggeren , Donald D. Davis , Elias N. Glytsis , Emmanuel Anemogiannis
发明人： Thomas K Gaylord , Gregory D. VanWiggeren , Donald D. Davis , Elias N. Glytsis , Emmanuel Anemogiannis
IPC分类号： G02B6/02 , G02B6/26 , G02B6/34
CPC分类号： G02B6/02085 , G02B6/02142 , G02B6/022
摘要： The present invention relates to a type of optical fiber grating having an azimuthal refractive-index perturbation. The optical fiber includes a fiber grating that has a plurality of grating elements formed therein. At least one of the grating elements has a spatially varying index of refraction that varies azimuthally about the centerline of the optical fiber. The fiber grating acts as a band-stop optical spectral filter. In addition, since fiber-cladding modes are weakly-guided modes, their power can be easily dissipated by scattering, bending, stretching, and/or rotating the optical fiber. Multiple configurations of these gratings within an optical fiber are given. Devices are presented which can dynamically attenuate, tune, switch, or modulate the wavelength spectral characteristics of an optical signal.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种具有方位角折射率扰动的光纤光栅。光纤包括在其中形成有多个光栅元件的光纤光栅。光栅元件中的至少一个具有空间变化的折射率，其围绕光纤的中心线方位改变。光纤光栅用作带阻光谱滤波器。此外，由于光纤包层模式是弱引导模式，它们的功率可以通过散射，弯曲，拉伸和/或旋转光纤而容易地消散。给出光纤内的这些光栅的多种配置。可以提供可以动态地衰减，调谐，切换或调制光信号的波长光谱特性的装置。

8. 发明授权

US6034809A Optical plasmon-wave structures 失效
标题翻译：光学等离子体波结构
公开(公告)号：US6034809A
公开(公告)日：2000-03-07
申请号：US048489
申请日：1998-03-26
申请人： Emmanuel Anemogiannis
发明人： Emmanuel Anemogiannis
IPC分类号： G02F1/01 , G02F1/19 , G02F1/035
CPC分类号： G02F1/011 , G02F1/195 , G02F2203/10
摘要： Optical plasmon-wave attenuator and modulator structures for controlling the amount of coupling between an guided optical signal and a surface plasmon wave. Optical power coupled to the plasmon wave mode is dissipated in varying amounts producing an intensity modulation effect on the optical signal. For electrical modulation, an additional dielectric (or polymer) layer with variable refractive index in optical contact with a metal layer supporting at least one plasmon wave mode is used to perturb or vary the propagation constant of plasmon wave. Propagation constant variation results in the power coupling variation between the surface plasmon wave and the optical wave. The refractive index variation of the dielectric (or polymer) layer can be accomplished via an electro-optic traveling-wave, a lump-element, or any other integrated optics modulator configuration situated to affect the layer, thereby permitting data rates into tens of GHz. Because of the extremely small interaction lengths needed, the optical plasmon-wave modulator is a very compact device which can be implemented on the top of a fiber or as an integrated optical planar structure.
摘要翻译：用于控制引导光信号和表面等离子体波之间的耦合量的光等离子体波衰减器和调制器结构。耦合到等离子体波模式的光功率以不同的量消散，产生对光信号的强度调制效应。对于电调制，使用具有与支持至少一种等离子体波模式的金属层光学接触的可变折射率的附加电介质（或聚合物）层来扰乱或改变等离子体波的传播常数。传播常数变化导致表面等离子体波与光波之间的功率耦合变化。电介质（或聚合物）层的折射率变化可以通过电光行波，块状元件或任何其他集成光学调制器配置来实现，这些配置位于影响层，从而允许数据速率达数十GHz 。由于所需的极小的相互作用长度，光学等离子体波调制器是一种非常紧凑的器件，可以在光纤的顶部或作为集成的光学平面结构上实现。

9. 发明授权

US5965876A Apparatus and method for detecting optical fiber fault location 失效
标题翻译：光纤故障定位检测装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US5965876A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-12
申请号：US915491
申请日：1997-08-20
申请人： Emmanuel Anemogiannis , Leo J. Thompson
发明人： Emmanuel Anemogiannis , Leo J. Thompson
IPC分类号： G01M11/00 , G01N21/00
CPC分类号： G01M11/3145
摘要： A method and apparatus for detecting a fault, such as a break or crack in a fiber optic cable. A test device transmits into a first end of fiber bundle under test a first pulse of optical energy. The time duration and/or intensity of the pulse propagating through the fiber after being reflected back through the fiber are determined and stored in memory. At a later point in time this step is repeated with a second pulse. If the propagation time and/or intensity of the second pulse varies by greater than a predetermined amount from that of the first pulse an alarm condition is indicated. From the propagation time of the second pulse a length is calculated and provided to the user. This length corresponds to the location of the fault.
摘要翻译：一种用于检测光缆中的断裂或裂纹的故障的方法和装置。测试装置在被测光纤束的第一端传输光能的第一脉冲。在通过光纤被反射回来之后传播通过光纤的脉冲的持续时间和/或强度被确定并存储在存储器中。在稍后的时间点，该步骤用第二脉冲重复。如果第二脉冲的传播时间和/或强度与第一脉冲的传播时间和/或强度相比变大预定量，则指示报警条件。从第二脉冲的传播时间，计算长度并提供给用户。该长度对应于故障的位置。

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