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1. 发明授权

US06941039B2 Optical fiber gratings with azimuthal refractive index perturbation and devices for tuning, attenuating, switching, and modulating optical signals 失效
$Optical fiber gratings with azimuthal refractive index perturbation and devices for tuning, attenuating, switching, and modulating optical signals$
标题翻译：具有方位折射率扰动的光纤光栅和用于调谐，衰减，开关和调制光信号的器件
公开(公告)号：US06941039B2
公开(公告)日：2005-09-06
申请号：US10886800
申请日：2004-07-08
申请人： Thomas K Gaylord , Gregory D. VanWiggeren , Donald D. Davis , Elias N. Glytsis , Emmanuel Anemogiannis
发明人： Thomas K Gaylord , Gregory D. VanWiggeren , Donald D. Davis , Elias N. Glytsis , Emmanuel Anemogiannis
IPC分类号： G02B6/02 , G02B6/26 , G02B6/34
CPC分类号： G02B6/02085 , G02B6/02142 , G02B6/022
摘要： The present invention relates to a type of optical fiber grating having an azimuthal refractive-index perturbation. The optical fiber includes a fiber grating that has a plurality of grating elements formed therein. At least one of the grating elements has a spatially varying index of refraction that varies azimuthally about the centerline of the optical fiber. The fiber grating acts as a band-stop optical spectral filter. In addition, since fiber-cladding modes are weakly-guided modes, their power can be easily dissipated by scattering, bending, stretching, and/or rotating the optical fiber. Multiple configurations of these gratings within an optical fiber are given. Devices are presented which can dynamically attenuate, tune, switch, or modulate the wavelength spectral characteristics of an optical signal.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种具有方位角折射率扰动的光纤光栅。光纤包括在其中形成有多个光栅元件的光纤光栅。光栅元件中的至少一个具有空间变化的折射率，其围绕光纤的中心线方位改变。光纤光栅用作带阻光谱滤波器。此外，由于光纤包层模式是弱引导模式，它们的功率可以通过散射，弯曲，拉伸和/或旋转光纤而容易地消散。给出光纤内的这些光栅的多种配置。可以提供可以动态地衰减，调谐，切换或调制光信号的波长光谱特性的装置。

2. 发明授权

US06542668B2 Very-high-temperature-stable fiber grating-based sensor 失效
标题翻译：极高温度稳定的光纤光栅传感器
公开(公告)号：US06542668B2
公开(公告)日：2003-04-01
申请号：US09848925
申请日：2001-05-03
申请人： Thomas K. Gaylord , Gregory D. VanWiggeren , Donald D. Davis , Elias N. Glytsis , Emmanuel Anemogiannis
发明人： Thomas K. Gaylord , Gregory D. VanWiggeren , Donald D. Davis , Elias N. Glytsis , Emmanuel Anemogiannis
IPC分类号： G02B634
CPC分类号： G01N21/4788 , G01D5/35316 , G01D5/35387 , G01N21/552 , G01N2021/7783 , G02B6/02109 , G02B6/02147 , G02B6/02185
摘要： An apparatus for measuring environmental parameters comprising an optical fiber-based sensor having thermally-induced diffraction gratings therein which are stable at very high temperatures for many hours. The diffraction gratings are, preferably, formed in an optical fiber by exposure to light from an infrared laser and do not degrade at high temperatures. A system for measuring an environmental parameter includes an optical fiber-based sensor, a light source, and a detector. According to a method of measuring an environmental parameter, the optical fiber-based sensor is positioned within a high-temperature environment having a parameter desired for measurement. The light source directs light into the optical fiber-based sensor. The detector measures the differential diffraction of the light output from the optical fiber-based sensor and determines a value of the environmental parameter based, at least in part, upon a known correlation between the differential diffraction and the environmental parameter.
摘要翻译：一种用于测量环境参数的装置，包括其中具有热诱导衍射光栅的基于光纤的传感器，其在非常高的温度下稳定许多小时。优选地，衍射光栅通过暴露于来自红外激光的光而在光纤中形成，并且在高温下不会降解。用于测量环境参数的系统包括基于光纤的传感器，光源和检测器。根据测定环境参数的方法，基于光纤的传感器位于具有测量所需参数的高温环境中。光源将光引导到基于光纤的传感器中。检测器测量来自基于光纤的传感器的光输出的差分衍射，并且至少部分地基于差分衍射和环境参数之间的已知相关性来确定环境参数的值。

3. 发明授权

US07085451B2 Optical fiber gratings with azimuthal refractive index perturbation 失效
$Optical fiber gratings with azimuthal refractive index perturbation$
标题翻译：具有方位折射率扰动的光纤光栅
公开(公告)号：US07085451B2
公开(公告)日：2006-08-01
申请号：US11220337
申请日：2005-09-06
申请人： Thomas K. Gaylord , Gregory D. Van Wiggeren , Donald D. Davis , Elias N. Glytsis , Emmanuel Anemogiannis
发明人： Thomas K. Gaylord , Gregory D. Van Wiggeren , Donald D. Davis , Elias N. Glytsis , Emmanuel Anemogiannis
IPC分类号： G02B6/34 , G02B6/02
CPC分类号： G02B6/02085 , G02B6/02142 , G02B6/022
摘要： The present invention relates to a type of optical fiber grating having an azimuthal refractive-index perturbation. The optical fiber includes a fiber grating that has a plurality of grating elements formed therein. At least one of the grating elements has a spatially varying index of refraction that varies azimuthally about the centerline of the optical fiber. The fiber grating acts as a band-stop optical spectral filter. In addition, since fiber-cladding modes are weakly-guided modes, their power can be easily dissipated by scattering, bending, stretching, and/or rotating the optical fiber. Multiple configurations of these gratings within an optical fiber are given. Methodologies are given for the fabrication of these gratings. Devices are presented which can dynamically attenuate, tune, switch, or modulate the wavelength spectral characteristics of an optical signal.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种具有方位角折射率扰动的光纤光栅。光纤包括在其中形成有多个光栅元件的光纤光栅。光栅元件中的至少一个具有空间变化的折射率，其围绕光纤的中心线方位改变。光纤光栅用作带阻光谱滤波器。此外，由于光纤包层模式是弱引导模式，它们的功率可以通过散射，弯曲，拉伸和/或旋转光纤而容易地消散。给出光纤内的这些光栅的多种配置。给出了制造这些光栅的方法。可以提供可以动态地衰减，调谐，切换或调制光信号的波长光谱特性的装置。

4. 发明授权

US06832023B1 Optical fiber gratings with azimuthal refractive index perturbation, method of fabrication, and devices for tuning, attenuating, switching, and modulating optical signals 失效
$Optical fiber gratings with azimuthal refractive index perturbation, method of fabrication, and devices for tuning, attenuating, switching, and modulating optical signals$
标题翻译：具有方位角折射率扰动的光纤光栅，制造方法以及用于调谐，衰减，开关和调制光信号的器件
公开(公告)号：US06832023B1
公开(公告)日：2004-12-14
申请号：US09860790
申请日：2001-05-18
申请人： Thomas K. Gaylord , Gregory D. Van Wiggeren , Donald D. Davis , Elias N. Glytsis , Emmanuel Anemogiannis
发明人： Thomas K. Gaylord , Gregory D. Van Wiggeren , Donald D. Davis , Elias N. Glytsis , Emmanuel Anemogiannis
IPC分类号： G02B634
CPC分类号： G02B6/02085 , G02B6/02142 , G02B6/022
摘要： The present invention relates to a type of optical fiber grating having an azimuthal refractive-index perturbation. The optical fiber includes a fiber grating that has a plurality of grating elements formed therein. At least one of the grating elements has a spatially varying index of refraction that varies azimuthally about the centerline of the optical fiber. The fiber grating acts as a band-stop optical spectral filter. In addition, since fiber-cladding modes are weakly-guided modes, their power can be easily dissipated by scattering, bending, stretching, and/or rotating the optical fiber. Multiple configurations of these gratings within an optical fiber are given. Methodologies are given for the fabrication of these gratings. Devices are presented which can dynamically attenuate, tune, switch, or modulate the wavelength spectral characteristics of an optical signal.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种具有方位角折射率扰动的光纤光栅。光纤包括在其中形成有多个光栅元件的光纤光栅。光栅元件中的至少一个具有空间变化的折射率，其围绕光纤的中心线方位改变。光纤光栅用作带阻光谱滤波器。此外，由于光纤包层模式是弱引导模式，它们的功率可以通过散射，弯曲，拉伸和/或旋转光纤而容易地消散。给出光纤内的这些光栅的多种配置。给出了制造这些光栅的方法。可以提供可以动态地衰减，调谐，切换或调制光信号的波长光谱特性的装置。

5. 发明授权

US06807352B2 Optical waveguides with embedded air-gap cladding layer and methods of fabrication thereof 有权
标题翻译：具有嵌入式气隙包覆层的光波导及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US06807352B2
公开(公告)日：2004-10-19
申请号：US10074067
申请日：2002-02-11
申请人： Tony Mule′ , James D. Meindl , Thomas K. Gaylord , Elias N. Glytsis , Paul Kohl
发明人： Tony Mule′ , James D. Meindl , Thomas K. Gaylord , Elias N. Glytsis , Paul Kohl
IPC分类号： G02B610
CPC分类号： G02B6/136 , G02B6/10 , G02B6/1221 , G02B6/132 , G02B6/34 , G02B6/43 , G02B2006/12107
摘要： Waveguides having air-gap cladding layers and methods of fabricating waveguides having air-gap cladding layers are disclosed. A representative waveguide includes a waveguide core having an air-gap cladding layer engaging a portion of the waveguide core. In addition, a representative method of fabricating a waveguide having an air-gap cladding layer includes: providing a substrate having a lower cladding layer disposed on the substrate; disposing a waveguide core on a portion of the lower cladding layer; disposing a sacrificial layer onto at least one portion of the lower cladding layer and the waveguide core; disposing an overcoat layer onto the lower cladding layer and the sacrificial layer; and removing the sacrificial layer to define an air-gap cladding layer within the overcoat polymer layer and engaging a portion of the waveguide core.
摘要翻译：公开了具有气隙包覆层的波导和制造具有气隙包覆层的波导的方法。代表性的波导包括具有接合波导芯的一部分的气隙包覆层的波导芯。另外，制造具有气隙包层的波导的代表性方法包括：提供具有设置在基板上的下包层的基板; 在所述下包层的一部分上设置波导芯; 在所述下包层和所述波导芯的至少一部分上设置牺牲层; 在下包层和牺牲层上设置外涂层; 以及去除所述牺牲层以在所述外涂层聚合物层内限定气隙包层并与所述波导芯的一部分接合。

6. 发明授权

US4987458A Semiconductor biased superlattice tunable interference filter/emitter 失效
标题翻译：半导体偏置超晶格可调谐干扰滤波器/发射极
公开(公告)号：US4987458A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-22
申请号：US374476
申请日：1989-06-30
申请人： Thomas K. Gaylord , Kevin F. Brennan , Elias N. Glytsis
发明人： Thomas K. Gaylord , Kevin F. Brennan , Elias N. Glytsis
IPC分类号： H01L29/12 , H01L29/15 , H01L29/86
CPC分类号： B82Y10/00 , H01L29/122 , H01L29/152 , H01L29/155 , H01L29/86 , Y10S977/759 , Y10S977/761 , Y10S977/936
摘要： Continuously tunable, biased, semiconductor superlattice electron interference filter/emitter which can serve, for example, as a hot electron emitter in a ballistic transistor, provides energy selectivity for substantially ballistic electron wave propagation at electron energies above the superlattice potential barriers. The layers of the biased superlattice have alternatively high and low electron refractive indices wherein each layer is a quarter or half of an electron wavelength in thickness and wherein the quantum well barrier widths are adjusted in the direction of emission to provide the desired energy selectivity.
摘要翻译：连续可调，偏置的半导体超晶格电子干涉滤光器/发射器，其可以用作例如在弹道晶体管中的热电子发射器，为超晶格势垒上方的电子能量提供基本弹道电子波传播的能量选择性。偏置超晶格的层具有可选择的高和低电子折射率，其中每层是厚度的电子波长的四分之一或一半，并且其中量子阱势垒宽度在发射方向上被调整以提供期望的能量选择性。

7. 发明授权

US06785458B2 Guided-wave optical interconnections embedded within a microelectronic wafer-level batch package 失效
标题翻译：引导波光学互连嵌入在微电子晶圆级批量封装内
公开(公告)号：US06785458B2
公开(公告)日：2004-08-31
申请号：US10074420
申请日：2002-02-11
申请人： Tony Mule′ , Chirag Patel , James D. Meindl , Thomas K. Gaylord , Elias N. Glytsis , Kevin P. Martin , Stephen M. Schultz , Muhannad Bakir , Hollie Reed , Paul Kohl
发明人： Tony Mule′ , Chirag Patel , James D. Meindl , Thomas K. Gaylord , Elias N. Glytsis , Kevin P. Martin , Stephen M. Schultz , Muhannad Bakir , Hollie Reed , Paul Kohl
IPC分类号： G02B610
CPC分类号： G02B6/43 , G02B6/10 , G02B6/12002 , G02B6/1221 , G02B6/132 , G02B6/136 , G02B6/34 , G02B2006/12107
摘要： Wafer-level electronic packages having waveguides and methods of fabricating chip-level electronic packages having waveguides are disclosed. A representative chip-level electronic package includes at least one waveguide having a waveguide core. In addition, another representative chip-level electronic package includes a waveguide having an air-gap cladding layer around a portion of the waveguide core. A representative method for fabricating a chip-level electronic package includes: providing a substrate having a passivation layer disposed on the substrate; disposing a waveguide core on a portion of the passivation layer; disposing a first sacrificial layer onto at least one portion of the passivation layer and the waveguide core; disposing an overcoat layer onto the passivation layer and the first sacrificial layer; and removing the first sacrificial layer to define an air-gap cladding layer within the overcoat polymer layer and around a portion of the waveguide core.
摘要翻译：公开了具有波导的晶片级电子封装以及制造具有波导的芯片级电子封装的方法。代表性的芯片级电子封装包括至少一个具有波导芯的波导。此外，另一代表性的芯片级电子封装包括在波导芯的一部分周围具有气隙包覆层的波导。用于制造芯片级电子封装的代表性方法包括：提供具有设置在基板上的钝化层的基板; 在所述钝化层的一部分上设置波导芯; 在所述钝化层和所述波导芯的至少一部分上设置第一牺牲层; 在所述钝化层和所述第一牺牲层上设置外涂层; 以及去除所述第一牺牲层以在所述外涂层聚合物层内和所述波导芯的一部分周围限定气隙包覆层。

8. 发明授权

US4970563A Semiconductor quantum well electron and hole waveguides 失效
标题翻译：半导体量子阱电子和空穴波导
公开(公告)号：US4970563A
公开(公告)日：1990-11-13
申请号：US374437
申请日：1989-06-30
申请人： Thomas K. Gaylord , Kevin F. Brennan , Elias N. Glytsis
发明人： Thomas K. Gaylord , Kevin F. Brennan , Elias N. Glytsis
IPC分类号： H01L29/12 , H01L29/15 , H01L29/86
CPC分类号： B82Y10/00 , H01L29/122 , H01L29/152 , H01L29/155 , H01L29/86
摘要： Semiconductor, quantum well, electron and hole slab waveguides include a substrate semiconductor layer, a film semiconductor layer, and a cover semiconductor layer, wherein the semiconductor layers provide substantially ballistic transport for electrons and wherein the thicknesses and compositions of the semiconductor layers are determined in accordance with the inventive method to provide a waveguide.
摘要翻译：半导体，量子阱，电子和空穴平板波导包括衬底半导体层，膜半导体层和覆盖半导体层，其中半导体层为电子提供实质上的弹道传输，并且其中半导体层的厚度和组成确定在根据提供波导的本发明的方法。

9. 发明授权

US5386126A Semiconductor devices based on optical transitions between quasibound energy levels 失效
标题翻译：基于准能量级之间的光学转换的半导体器件
公开(公告)号：US5386126A
公开(公告)日：1995-01-31
申请号：US11010
申请日：1993-01-29
申请人： Gregory H. Henderson , Lawrence C. West , Thomas K. Gaylord , Charles W. Roberts , Elias N. Glytsis , Moses T. Asom
发明人： Gregory H. Henderson , Lawrence C. West , Thomas K. Gaylord , Charles W. Roberts , Elias N. Glytsis , Moses T. Asom
IPC分类号： H01L33/06 , H01L33/10 , H01L33/14 , H01S5/34 , H01L29/161 , H01L27/12 , H01L27/14
CPC分类号： H01L33/06 , B82Y20/00 , H01L33/14 , H01S5/34 , H01S5/3401 , H01L33/105 , H01S5/3402 , H01S5/3415 , H01S5/3416 , H01S5/3419 , H01S5/3425 , Y10S977/712 , Y10S977/759 , Y10S977/761
摘要： A solid state, electronic, optical transition device includes a multiple-layer structure of semiconductor material which supports substantially ballistic electron/hole transport at energies above/below the conduction/valance band edge. The multiple layer structure of semiconductor material includes a Fabry-Perot filter element for admitting electrons/holes at a first quasibound energy level above/below the conduction/valance band edge, and for depleting electrons/holes at a second quasibound energy level which is lower/higher than the first energy level. Such an arrangement allows common semiconductor material to be used to produce emitters and detectors and other devices which can operate at any of selected frequencies over a wide range of frequencies.
摘要翻译：固体，电子，光学转换装置包括半导体材料的多层结构，其在高于/低于导电/价带边缘的能量下支撑基本上弹道的电子/空穴传输。半导体材料的多层结构包括法布里 - 珀罗滤波器元件，用于在导电/价带边缘之上/之下的第一准能量级允许电子/空穴，并且用于在较低的第二准能级下耗尽电子/空穴 /高于第一能级。这种布置允许常见的半导体材料用于产生发射器和检测器以及可在宽频率范围内以任何选定频率工作的其它器件。

10. 发明授权

US5191216A Quantum mechanical semiconductor device with electron/hole diffractive grating 失效
$Quantum mechanical semiconductor device with electron/hole diffractive grating$
标题翻译：量子机电半导体器件与电子/孔偏差光栅
公开(公告)号：US5191216A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-02
申请号：US734300
申请日：1991-07-18
申请人： Gregory N. Henderson , Thomas K. Gaylord , Elias N. Glytsis
发明人： Gregory N. Henderson , Thomas K. Gaylord , Elias N. Glytsis
IPC分类号： H01L29/66
CPC分类号： B82Y10/00 , H01L29/66977
摘要： A solid state, quantum mechanical electron/hole wave device in the form of a switch or multiplexor includes a layer of semiconductor material supporting substantially ballistic electron/hole transport and a periodic grating structure formed in the layer of semiconductor material, with the grating structure comprising a modulation in electron/hole potential energy and/or effective mass. Preferably, means are provided for applying and varying the grating modulation. By constructing the device to divide the input substantially completely into two output beams (to operate in the Bragg regime), a useful switch is provided. Likewise, by constructing the device to divide the input into a selected number of three or more output beams (to operate in the Raman-Nath regime), a useful multiplexor is provided.
摘要翻译：开关或多路复用器形式的固态，量子力学电子/空穴波器件包括支撑基本上弹道的电子/空穴传输的半导体材料层和形成在半导体材料层中的周期性光栅结构，其中光栅结构包括电子/空穴势能和/或有效质量的调制。优选地，提供用于施加和改变光栅调制的装置。通过构造将输入基本上完全分成两个输出光束（以布拉格方式工作）的装置，提供有用的开关。类似地，通过构造将输入划分为选定数量的三个或更多个输出光束（以在拉曼 - 纳思方案中操作）的装置，提供有用的多路复用器。

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