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1. 发明授权

US5676830A Method and apparatus for reducing band broadening in chromatographic detectors 失效
标题翻译：用于降低色谱检测器中带宽变宽的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5676830A
公开(公告)日：1997-10-14
申请号：US632035
申请日：1996-04-12
申请人： Gary R. Janik , Douglas W. Shepard
发明人： Gary R. Janik , Douglas W. Shepard
IPC分类号： G01N30/74 , B01D15/08
CPC分类号： G01N30/74
摘要： A capillary tube used to transfer a liquid sample into a detection cell following separation by a chromatographic system is modified by plugging or otherwise severely restricting its flow. Near its plugged end, said tube is drilled to provide a plurality of holes or ports perpendicular thereto and penetrating into the central flowing core of said tube so as to direct outflow from the tube perpendicularly therefrom. The outer diameter of this so-modified capillary tube is selected to be of a size comparable to, though smaller than, the detection cell diameter into which it transfers the flowing sample. In this manner, fluid transferred into a detection cell by said modified capillary tube will be split into a plurality of smaller streams flowing outwardly therefrom and striking the adjacent detector cell walls almost immediately. Because of the close proximity of the emerging split streams to the walls of the detection cell, the eddies produced thereby will be very small and the contents of the detection cell will be homogenized rapidly.
摘要翻译：用于在通过色谱系统分离后将液体样品转移到检测单元中的毛细管通过堵塞或以其他方式严格限制其流动来改变。在其堵塞端附近，所述管被钻孔以提供与其垂直的多个孔或孔，并且穿透到所述管的中心流动的芯中，以便从管垂直地引导从管垂直流出。该经修改的毛细管的外径被选择为与其传送流动样品的检测池直径相当的尺寸。以这种方式，通过所述改进的毛细管转移到检测单元中的流体将被分成多个从其向外流动的较小流，并几乎立即撞击相邻的检测器单元壁。由于新出现的分流与检测单元的壁的紧密接近，因此产生的涡流将非常小，并且检测单元的内容物将迅速均匀化。

2. 发明授权

US6128080A Extended range interferometric refractometer 失效
$Extended range interferometric refractometer$
标题翻译：扩展距离干涉折射计
公开(公告)号：US6128080A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-03
申请号：US870937
申请日：1997-06-06
申请人： Gary R. Janik , Douglas W. Shepard , Steven P. Trainoff , David T. Phillips
发明人： Gary R. Janik , Douglas W. Shepard , Steven P. Trainoff , David T. Phillips
IPC分类号： G01N21/45 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G01N21/45
摘要： A method and apparatus is disclosed for measuring the refractive index difference between a reference and sample liquid based on an interferometric design. The resultant device has an almost unlimited range of operation in contrast to a conventional interferometric refractometer of the so-called polarization type whose dynamic range is restricted to a relatively narrow range of refractive indices. The measurement of the refractive index difference between a sample and reference cell is achieved by measuring the angle through which the plane of polarization of a combined beam has rotated. For the conventional device, this angle is restricted to about .pi. radians which corresponds to a half wavelength shift between the reference and sample components of said combined beam. The extended range device disclosed permits this angle to be tracked and measured accurately over many rotations. The rotation tracking is achieved by one of three embodiments, the preferred of which involves the use of a liquid crystal retarder. The other two techniques incorporate, respectively, a rotating polarizer and a doubly split beam. All three embodiments permit the measurement of both the sine and cosine of the rotation angle and, thereby, allows a four quadrant arctangent calculation to yield the rotation angle directly. The error associated with such measurements is not a function of the rotation angle of the combined beams.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于基于干涉测量设计来测量参考和样品液体之间的折射率差的方法和装置。与所谓的偏振型的常规干涉式折射计相反，所得到的装置具有几乎无限的操作范围，其中动态范围被限制在相对较窄的折射率范围。通过测量组合光束的偏振平面旋转的角度来实现样品和参考单元之间的折射率差的测量。对于常规装置，该角度限于对应于所述组合光束的参考和样本分量之间的半波长偏移的约π弧度。所公开的扩展范围装置允许在许多旋转中精确地跟踪和测量该角度。旋转跟踪由三个实施例中的一个实现，其中优选涉及使用液晶延迟器。其他两种技术分别包括旋转偏振器和双分束。所有三个实施例允许测量旋转角度的正弦和余弦两者，从而允许四象限反正切计算直接产生旋转角度。与这种测量相关联的误差不是组合光束的旋转角度的函数。

3. 发明授权

US5900152A Apparatus to reduce inhomogeneities in optical flow cells 失效
标题翻译：降低光流细胞不均匀性的装置
公开(公告)号：US5900152A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-04
申请号：US854442
申请日：1997-05-12
申请人： Gary R. Janik , Douglas W. Shepard , Steven T. Monser
发明人： Gary R. Janik , Douglas W. Shepard , Steven T. Monser
IPC分类号： G01N30/74 , B01D15/08
CPC分类号： G01N30/74
摘要： A capillary tube used to transfer a liquid sample into a detection cell following separation by a chromatographic system is modified by plugging or otherwise severely restricting its flow. Near its plugged end, said tube is drilled to provide a plurality of holes or ports perpendicular thereto and penetrating to the central flowing core of said tube so as to direct outflow from the tube perpendicularly therefrom. The outer diameter of this somodified capillary tube is selected to be of a size comparable to, though smaller than, the detection cell diameter into which it transfers the flowing sample. In this manner, fluid transferred into a detection cell by said modified capillary tube will be split into a plurality of smaller streams flowing outwardly therefrom and striking the adjacent detector cell walls almost immediately. Because of the close proximity of the emerging split streams to the walls of the detection cell, the eddies produced thereby will be very small and the contents of the detection cell will be homogenized rapidly.
摘要翻译：用于在通过色谱系统分离后将液体样品转移到检测单元中的毛细管通过堵塞或以其他方式严格限制其流动来改变。在其堵塞端附近，所述管被钻孔以提供与其垂直的多个孔或孔，并穿透到所述管的中心流动芯，以便从管垂直地引导从管垂直流出。该变细毛细管的外径被选择为与其传送流动样品的检测池直径相当的尺寸，尽管比其小。以这种方式，通过所述改进的毛细管转移到检测单元中的流体将被分成多个从其向外流动的较小流，并几乎立即撞击相邻的检测器单元壁。由于新出现的分流与检测单元的壁的紧密接近，因此产生的涡流将非常小，并且检测单元的内容物将迅速均匀化。

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