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1. 发明授权

US09725386B2 Systems and methods for manufacture of methanol from natural gas and flare gas feedstock 有权
公开(公告)号：US09725386B2
公开(公告)日：2017-08-08
申请号：US15447066
申请日：2017-03-01
申请人： Pioneer Energy Inc.
发明人： Robert M Zubrin , Boris Nizamov , Thomas L Henshaw , Adam M Kortan , James Siebarth , Colin Apke , Mark Berggren
IPC分类号： B01J8/00 , B01J8/02 , B01J8/04 , B01J19/00 , B01J19/24 , C01B3/00 , C01B3/02 , C01B3/32 , C01B3/34 , C01B3/36 , C01B3/38 , C07C29/151 , F02B5/02 , F02B63/04 , F02M21/02 , C07C29/00 , C07C29/15 , C07C31/00 , C07C31/04 , C07C41/00 , C07C41/09 , C07C41/42 , C07C43/04
CPC分类号： C07C29/1518 , B01J8/02 , B01J8/0278 , B01J8/0492 , B01J8/0496 , B01J19/245 , B01J2208/025 , B01J2219/24 , C01B3/38 , C01B3/382 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/061 , C01B2203/0805 , C01B2203/0883 , C01B2203/1076 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1258 , C01B2203/84 , C07C29/152 , F02B5/02 , F02B63/04 , F02M21/0206 , Y02P20/129 , Y02T10/32 , C07C31/04
摘要： A mobile system and method that reform flare gas, methane, or natural gas, using air without steam, to directly produce methanol, a clean burning gasoline blend, component, and/or substitute are disclosed. The system first reforms the air-methane mixture at ambient atmospheric pressure, then compresses the resulting CO-hydrogen-nitrogen gas mixture to about 600 psi, and feeds it through a methanol reactor which reacts the gas mixture directly into methanol. The nitrogen is returned by the system back to the atmosphere. Methanol is a clean burning gasoline substitute, and can be used to displace significantly costlier and dirtier petroleum-based fuel, while solving a critical problem with flaring. For example, the over 120 billion cubic feet per year that was flared in North Dakota in 2014 could be converted into over 6 million tons of methanol.

2. 发明申请

US20160200645A1 Fuels and Chemicals from Lower Alkanes 审中-公开
标题翻译：来自下烷烃的燃料和化学品
公开(公告)号：US20160200645A1
公开(公告)日：2016-07-14
申请号：US14500712
申请日：2014-09-29
申请人： PIONEER ENERGY INC
发明人： John T Henri , Jan Zygmunt , Robert Zubrin
IPC分类号： C07C29/141 , C07C5/333 , C07C5/03 , C07C29/04 , C07C2/24 , C10L1/182 , C07C29/145 , C07C45/34
CPC分类号： C07C29/141 , C07C2/32 , C07C5/3335 , C07C29/145 , C07C45/34 , C07C2523/85 , C07C2531/16 , C10L1/023 , C10L1/04 , C10L1/1824 , C10L2200/0423 , C10L2270/023 , Y02P20/52 , C07C11/04 , C07C11/08 , C07C47/06 , C07C49/10 , C07C31/08 , C07C31/10 , C07C31/12
摘要： Methods to synthesize fuels and chemicals from natural gas liquids are described. Higher alcohols are synthesized starting from natural gas liquid compounds by converting an alkane from a NGL to an olefin, dimerizing said olefin, and, hydrating said olefin product to form a higher alcohol. Higher alcohols are synthesized starting from natural gas liquid compounds by converting an alkane from a NGL to an olefin, oxidizing the olefin to form a ketone or aldehyde and, hydrogenating the aldehyde or ketone product to form a higher alcohol. Thus, NGL component butane may be dehydrogenated to form butane, butylene is oxidized in the presence of a catalyst to form methylethyl ketone and methylethyl ketone hydrogenated to form butanol.
摘要翻译：描述了从天然气液体合成燃料和化学物质的方法。通过将烷烃从NGL转化为烯烃，使所述烯烃二聚，并使所述烯烃产物水合以形成高级醇，从天然气液体化合物开始合成高级醇。通过将烷烃从NGL转化为烯烃，氧化烯烃以形成酮或醛，并将醛或酮产物氢化以形成高级醇，从天然气液体化合物开始合成高级醇。因此，NGL组分丁烷可以脱氢形成丁烷，丁烯在催化剂存在下被氧化，形成甲基乙基酮和甲基乙基酮氢化形成丁醇。

3. 发明申请

US20160176779A1 Ethane and Ethylene to Aromatics 审中-公开
标题翻译：乙烯和乙烯到芳烃
公开(公告)号：US20160176779A1
公开(公告)日：2016-06-23
申请号：US14976559
申请日：2015-12-21
申请人： Pioneer Energy Inc.
发明人： Robert M. Zubrin , Stacy L. Carrera , Mark Berggren
IPC分类号： C07C2/76 , B01J8/08 , B01J8/02 , B01J8/04 , C07C2/42 , C07C5/333
CPC分类号： C07C2/76 , B01J8/0285 , B01J8/04 , B01J29/48 , B01J29/90 , B01J38/14 , B01J2229/186 , C07C5/3332 , C07C2529/48 , C10G50/00 , C10G2300/1081 , C10G2400/30 , Y02P20/52 , Y02P20/584 , C07C11/04 , C07C15/04 , C07C15/06 , C07C15/08 , C07C15/24
摘要： This invention pertains to the thermal catalytic synthesis of aromatic compounds from ethane and ethylene. Such synthesis converts lower-value compounds that can only be stored as a gas or liquid under high pressure to a more-valuable liquid compound that can be stored at ambient pressure. The resulting aromatic product is useful as a chemical feedstock or as fuel.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及从乙烷和乙烯进行芳族化合物的热催化合成。这种合成将低价值化合物转化成只能在高压下作为气体或液体储存成可在环境压力下储存的更有价值的液体化合物。得到的芳香族产物可用作化学原料或燃料。

4. 发明申请

US20140366577A1 SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR SEPARATING ALKANE GASES WITH APPLICATIONS TO RAW NATURAL GAS PROCESSING AND FLARE GAS CAPTURE 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于将天然气分解成原料天然气加工和瓦斯捕获的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20140366577A1
公开(公告)日：2014-12-18
申请号：US14086031
申请日：2013-11-21
申请人： Robert M Zubrin , Gevorg Sargsyan , Kevin Hotton , Matthew Lewis , Andrew Young
发明人： Robert M Zubrin , Gevorg Sargsyan , Kevin Hotton , Matthew Lewis , Andrew Young
IPC分类号： F25J3/08
CPC分类号： C10G5/06 , C10L3/10 , C10L3/101 , C10L3/106 , C10L2290/30 , C10L2290/46 , C10L2290/567 , C10L2290/58 , C10L2290/60 , F25J3/0209 , F25J3/0233 , F25J3/0238 , F25J3/0242 , F25J3/08 , F25J2200/02 , F25J2200/70 , F25J2205/04 , F25J2205/60 , F25J2205/66 , F25J2205/70 , F25J2215/62 , F25J2220/68 , F25J2230/22 , F25J2230/30 , F25J2240/80 , F25J2260/60 , F25J2270/12 , F25J2270/18 , F25J2270/60 , F25J2270/66 , F25J2290/42 , F25J2290/70 , G05B15/02 , H04W76/10
摘要： The present invention is a field-deployable system for separating methane and natural gas liquids (NGLs) from a raw gas stream comprising a compressor; a dehydrator; a refrigerator having one or more stages; and a separation subsystem adapted to separate the raw gas stream into three product streams including a methane stream that is at least 80% methane, an ethane-rich stream, and a NGLs stream having a vapor pressure of no more than 250 psia at 38° C. The methane stream is sufficiently lean to be useable in existing natural gas engines without modification. The NGLs stream has a sufficiently low vapor pressure to be transportable in standard propane containers. The ethane-rich stream may be utilized within the system itself to power its own operations. The system can be utilized to reduce flaring from liquids-rich gas production sites to an absolute minimum, produce natural gas liquids for transport, and provide dry methane gas suitable for use in portable field generators.
摘要翻译：本发明是用于从包括压缩机的原料气流中分离甲烷和天然气液体（NGL）的现场可部署系统; 脱水机具有一个或多个阶段的冰箱; 以及适于将原始气流分离成三个产物流的分离子系统，其包括甲烷流，其为至少80％甲烷，富乙烷流和在38℃下蒸气压不超过250psia的NGL流 C.甲烷流足够稀，可在现有天然气发动机中使用，无需修改。 NGLs流具有足够低的蒸汽压力以在标准丙烷容器中运输。富含乙烷的流可以在系统本身内使用来为其自身的操作供电。该系统可用于将富含液体的气体生产地点的燃烧减少至绝对最小值，产生用于运输的天然气液体，并提供适用于便携式现场发电机的干燥甲烷气体。

5. 发明申请

US20140245658A1 SYNTHESIS OF ETHANOL AND HIGHER ALCOHOLS BY HYDROGENATION OF KETENE 审中-公开
标题翻译：乙醇加氢合成乙醇和高级醇
公开(公告)号：US20140245658A1
公开(公告)日：2014-09-04
申请号：US14175880
申请日：2014-02-07
申请人： Pioneer Energy Inc
发明人： John T. Henri , Jan Zygmunt , Mark Berggren , Robert Zubrin
IPC分类号： C07C29/17 , C07C45/68 , C07C45/62 , C07C29/36 , C10L1/19 , C07C67/46
CPC分类号： C07C29/175 , C07C27/04 , C07C67/46 , C10L1/02 , C07C31/08 , C07C31/12 , C07C69/14 , C07C69/24
摘要： Ketene chemistry and hydrogenation reactions are used to synthesize fuels and chemicals. Ketene from acetic acid is hydrogenated to form fuels and chemicals; acetic acid can be synthesized from synthesis gas which is produced from coal, biomass, natural gas, etc. In one embodiment, the present application discloses methods to selectively synthesize higher alcohols and hydrocarbons useful as fuels and industrial chemicals from syngas and biomass.
摘要翻译：氯仿化学和氢化反应用于合成燃料和化学品。乙酸从乙酸中氢化形成燃料和化学物质; 乙酸可以由从煤，生物质，天然气等产生的合成气合成。在一个实施方案中，本申请公开了选择性地合成可用作燃料的高级醇和烃以及来自合成气和生物质的工业化学品的方法。

6. 发明申请

US20130232861A1 Methods of Higher Alcohol Synthesis 有权
标题翻译：高级醇合成方法
公开(公告)号：US20130232861A1
公开(公告)日：2013-09-12
申请号：US13866948
申请日：2013-04-19
申请人： PIONEER ENERGY, INC.
发明人： Emily Bostwick White , Cherie Wilson , Mark Berggren , Robert M. Zubrin
IPC分类号： C10L1/182 , B01J23/80 , B01J23/889 , C07C29/34
CPC分类号： C10L1/1824 , B01J21/18 , B01J21/185 , B01J23/007 , B01J23/34 , B01J23/72 , B01J23/80 , B01J23/8892 , B82Y30/00 , C07C29/154 , C07C29/34 , C07C2523/04 , C10G2/33 , Y02P20/52 , C07C31/10 , C07C31/04 , C07C31/08 , C07C31/12
摘要： Systems, catalysts, and methods are provided for transforming carbon based material into synthetic mixed alcohol fuel.
摘要翻译：提供了将碳基材料转化为合成混合醇燃料的系统，催化剂和方法。

7. 发明授权

US07931712B2 Natural gas steam reforming method with linear countercurrent heat exchanger 有权
标题翻译：具有线性逆流换热器的天然气蒸汽重整方法
公开(公告)号：US07931712B2
公开(公告)日：2011-04-26
申请号：US12943834
申请日：2010-11-10
申请人： Robert M Zubrin , Sam G Michael , Gevorg Sargsyan
发明人： Robert M Zubrin , Sam G Michael , Gevorg Sargsyan
IPC分类号： B01J7/00 , H01M8/06 , C01B3/36 , C01B6/24 , C01B3/02 , C01B3/24 , C01B3/26 , C10J3/46
CPC分类号： E21B43/168 , C01B3/384 , C01B3/48 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/0405 , C01B2203/0415 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/06 , C01B2203/0816 , C01B2203/0894 , C01B2203/1058 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/1252 , C01B2203/127 , C01B2203/1294 , C01B2203/169 , C01B2203/82 , C01B2203/84 , C01B2203/86 , Y02E20/16 , Y02P20/129 , Y02P30/30
摘要： The present invention is a natural gas steam reforming method for generating an output gas mixture of carbon dioxide and hydrogen, including the following steps. (1) Combusting a portion of the natural gas with an oxidizing agent to generate heat, superheated steam, and a gas mixture of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen. (2) Steam reforming the gas mixture with additional superheated steam under steam-rich conditions to transform a remaining portion of the natural gas into carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen. (3) Water-gas-shifting any residual carbon monoxide into additional carbon dioxide and additional hydrogen by utilizing a water-gas-shift catalyst downstream of the steam reforming step, thereby producing an effluent gas mixture that is predominantly carbon dioxide and hydrogen. (4) Boiling water in a top-to-bottom linear countercurrent heat exchanger to generate the superheated steam by transferring heat released in the water-gas-shifting step, where as the water is gravitationally and thermally stratified from top to bottom with a top portion boiling into steam, the steam continues to rise and is additionally heated in the top-to-bottom linear countercurrent heat exchanger. (5) And, utilizing the superheated steam produced as a reactant in the steam reforming step and the water-gas-shifting step to assist in reformation of the natural gas into carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
摘要翻译：本发明是用于产生二氧化碳和氢气的输出气体混合物的天然气蒸汽重整方法，包括以下步骤。（1）用氧化剂燃烧一部分天然气以产生热量，过热蒸汽以及二氧化碳，一氧化碳和氢气的混合气体。（2）在富含蒸汽的条件下用另外的过热蒸汽对气体混合物进行蒸汽重整，以将剩余部分的天然气转化为二氧化碳，一氧化碳和氢气。（3）通过在蒸汽重整步骤下游利用水煤气变换催化剂将任何残留的一氧化碳进行水煤气转移到另外的二氧化碳和另外的氢气中，从而产生主要是二氧化碳和氢气的流出气体混合物。（4）在顶部到底部的线性逆流热交换器中的沸腾水，通过传递在水煤气变换步骤中释放的热量来产生过热蒸汽，其中水由上而下重力和热分层，顶部部分沸腾成蒸汽，蒸汽继续上升，并在顶部至底部的线性逆流热交换器中另外加热。（5）利用在蒸汽重整工序和水煤气变换工序中作为反应物生成的过热蒸汽，有助于将天然气重整成二氧化碳和氢气。

8. 发明授权

US07810565B2 Systems for extracting fluids from the earth's subsurface and for generating electricity without greenhouse gas emissions 有权
标题翻译：从地球表层提取液体并在没有温室气体排放的情况下发电的系统
公开(公告)号：US07810565B2
公开(公告)日：2010-10-12
申请号：US12165585
申请日：2008-06-30
申请人： Robert M. Zubrin , Mark H. Berggren , Douwe Bruinsma
发明人： Robert M. Zubrin , Mark H. Berggren , Douwe Bruinsma
IPC分类号： E21B43/16
CPC分类号： E21B41/0064 , E21B43/168 , Y02C10/14
摘要： An embodiment is an apparatus for generating a driver gas, for recovering fluid from the Earth's subsurface. The apparatus includes a fuel reformer, adapted to react a fuel with water to produce carbon dioxide gas and hydrogen gas; a compressor, adapted to compress a portion of the carbon dioxide gas and a portion of the hydrogen gas; a gas injection unit, adapted to inject the portion of the carbon dioxide gas and the portion of the hydrogen gas compressed by the compressor, into a subsurface reservoir; a gas capture unit, adapted to capture a portion of the carbon dioxide gas and the hydrogen gas, that emerges from the subsurface reservoir; and a control module capable of using subsurface data to regulate operation of the gas injection unit. The apparatus may also include a power generator adapted to utilize a portion of the hydrogen gas to generate power, hence producing electricity without greenhouse gas emissions.
摘要翻译：一个实施例是用于产生驾驶员气体的装置，用于从地球的地下回收流体。该装置包括燃料重整器，其适于使燃料与水反应以产生二氧化碳气体和氢气; 压缩机，适于压缩一部分二氧化碳气体和一部分氢气; 气体注入单元，其适于将二氧化碳气体的一部分和由压缩机压缩的部分氢气注入地下储存器中; 气体捕获单元，适于捕获从地下储存器中排出的二氧化碳气体和氢气的一部分; 以及能够使用地下数据来调节气体注入单元的操作的控制模块。该装置还可以包括适于利用一部分氢气来发电的发电机，从而产生没有温室气体排放的电力。

9. 发明授权

US07654330B2 Apparatus, methods, and systems for extracting petroleum using a portable coal reformer 有权
标题翻译：使用便携式重整器提取石油的装置，方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US07654330B2
公开(公告)日：2010-02-02
申请号：US11751011
申请日：2007-05-19
申请人： Robert M. Zubrin , Mark H. Berggren
发明人： Robert M. Zubrin , Mark H. Berggren
IPC分类号： E21B43/40 , E21B43/34 , E21B43/00
CPC分类号： E21B43/168 , C01B3/501 , C01B3/505 , C01B3/56 , C01B2203/0405 , C01B2203/043 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/048 , C10J3/00 , C10J3/20 , C10J3/482 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0973 , C10J2300/16 , C10J2300/1606 , C10J2300/1621 , C10J2300/1671 , C10J2300/1838 , C10J2300/1853 , C10J2300/1876 , C10J2300/1884 , E21B43/34 , Y02P30/30
摘要： Apparatus, methods, and systems for extracting oil or natural gas from a well using a portable coal reformer. In one example, the method may include reforming coal by reaction with water to generate driver gas (comprising carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas), and injecting the driver gas into the well. The driver gas reduces the viscosity and pressurizes the oil to help extract the oil from the oil well. The coal reforming operation may include combusting coal or other combustible material with ambient oxygen to release energy, and heating coal and water with the energy released to a temperature above that required for the coal reforming reaction to proceed, thereby reforming coal and water into driver gas. The driver gas may be purified by filtering out particles and sulfur before injecting into the well. A portion of the hydrogen gas may be separated from the driver gas and used to generate electrical power.
摘要翻译：使用便携式重整器从井中提取油或天然气的装置，方法和系统。在一个实例中，该方法可以包括通过与水反应来重整煤以产生驱动气体（包括二氧化碳和氢气），并将驱动气体注入井中。驾驶员气体降低粘度并对油进行加压以帮助从油井中提取油。煤炭重整操作可以包括将煤或其他可燃材料与环境氧一起燃烧以释放能量，并且将释放的能量释放到高于煤重整反应所需温度的煤和水加热，从而将煤和水重整成驱动气体。驱动器气体可以在注入井内之前通过过滤颗粒和硫来净化。一部分氢气可以与驱动气体分离并用于产生电力。

10. 发明授权

US07624801B2 Control system and method for controlling a hybrid petroleum extractor/power generator 有权
标题翻译：用于控制混合抽油机/发电机的控制系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07624801B2
公开(公告)日：2009-12-01
申请号：US12165568
申请日：2008-06-30
申请人： Robert M. Zubrin , Mark H. Berggren , Douwe Bruinsma
发明人： Robert M. Zubrin , Mark H. Berggren , Douwe Bruinsma
IPC分类号： E21B47/06
CPC分类号： E21B41/0064 , E21B43/168 , Y02C10/14
摘要： A control system and control method for controlling a modular apparatus for extracting petroleum and/or generating electricity based on subsurface data as well as market prices of electricity and/or petroleum. One or more probes measure subsurface total pressure, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, partial pressure of hydrogen, oil flow rate, gas flow rate, underground temperature, and/or viscosity of the oil. The control system/method controls the apparatus based on the subsurface parameters by controlling an injection module and/or a gas separator module to increase or decrease output of driver gas. The control system/method may also control the injection module and/or the gas separator module to increase (or decrease) output of driver gas when the market price of electricity decreases (or increases) and/or petroleum increases (or decreases).
摘要翻译：一种用于控制基于地下数据提取石油和/或发电的模块化装置以及电和/或石油的市场价格的控制系统和控制方法。一个或多个探头测量地下总压力，二氧化碳分压，氢分压，油流速，气体流速，地下温度和/或油的粘度。控制系统/方法通过控制喷射模块和/或气体分离器模块来增加或减少驱动器气体的输出，基于地下参数来控制装置。当市场电价下降（或增加）和/或石油增加（或减少）时，控制系统/方法还可以控制喷射模块和/或气体分离器模块增加（或减少）驱动气体的输出。

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