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81. 发明授权

US4252107A Solar tracking concentrator 失效
标题翻译：太阳能追踪集中器
公开(公告)号：US4252107A
公开(公告)日：1981-02-24
申请号：US898094
申请日：1978-04-20
申请人： Richard H. Horton
发明人： Richard H. Horton
IPC分类号： F24J2/07 , F24J2/12 , F24J2/32 , F24J2/46 , F24J2/54 , F24J3/02
CPC分类号： F24J2/32 , F24J2/07 , F24J2/12 , F24J2/4609 , F24J2/525 , F24J2/542 , F24J2/4638 , F24J2/523 , F24J2002/5493 , Y02E10/41 , Y02E10/42 , Y02E10/44 , Y02E10/47
摘要： A solar tracking point concentrator for a solar energy system comprises a light weight reflector in the shape of a paraboloid dish having a rim angle of approximately 109.degree., whereby the center of gravity of the reflector mass is coincident with the focal point of the paraboloid. The reflector is supported on a light weight pipe pedestal assembly and controllably driven by a light weight control-drive means so as to be angularly adjustable in both elevation and azimuth to track the sun and efficiently continuously reflect the sun's rays to a heat receiver disposed at the focal point of the paraboloid preferably in a fixed position. The reflector is mounted for controlled movement to effect such angular adjustments about horizontal and vertical axes which intersect at the focal point of the reflector paraboloid. The 109.degree. paraboloid rim angle provides a paraboloid reflector that inherently has its center of gravity essentially coincident with its focal point. This arrangement provides an essentially balanced mounting of the paraboloid reflector without requiring counterbalancing means. Therefore, the paraboloid reflector may be supported by a light weight pipe pedestal assembly and driven by light weight control-drive means, such as linear stepping motors which are controlled by electronic pulses generated by light weight microprocessors.
摘要翻译：用于太阳能系统的太阳跟踪点集中器包括具有约109度的边缘角的抛物面形状的轻量级反射器，由此反射器块的重心与抛物面的焦点一致。反射器被支撑在重量轻的基座组件上，并由轻量控制驱动装置可控制地驱动，以便在仰角和方位角都可以角度地调节以跟踪太阳并有效地连续地将太阳的光线反射到设置在抛物面的焦点优选地处于固定位置。反射器被安装用于受控的运动，以对围绕反射体抛物面的焦点相交的水平轴和垂直轴进行角度调整。 109°抛物面轮辋角度提供了一种抛物面反射器，其本质上具有与其焦点基本一致的重心。这种布置提供了抛物面反射器的基本平衡的安装，而不需要平衡装置。因此，抛物面反射器可以由重量轻的管座组件支撑，并由重量轻的控制驱动装置驱动，例如由轻质微处理器产生的电子脉冲控制的线性步进电机。

82. 发明授权

US4187686A Power generator utilizing elevation-temperature differential 失效
标题翻译：发电机采用升降温差
公开(公告)号：US4187686A
公开(公告)日：1980-02-12
申请号：US869646
申请日：1978-01-16
申请人： Lorenzo A. Pommier
发明人： Lorenzo A. Pommier
IPC分类号： F03G3/00 , F03G7/04 , F03G7/05
CPC分类号： F24J2/32 , F01K27/005 , F03G3/00 , F03G7/04 , F03G7/05 , F24J2/44 , F28D2015/0291 , Y02E10/34 , Y02E10/44
摘要： A power generator including a closed pressure resisting tubular loop having a lower warmed end and an upper cooled end joined by connecting penstock column and a return column, the tubular loop being filled with fluid under pressure, the critical point of which is between the temperatures of the cooled and warmed ends, to cause the fluid to convert to a liquid phase in the upper end for discharge into the penstock column, and cause the liquid to convert into a gas phase in the lower end, for discharge while in its gas phase into the return column so that circulation of fluid as it converts between its liquid and gas phases is continuous, and a hydraulic power unit driven by downwardly moving liquid in the penstock column, reacting to the hydrostatic pressure so generated.
摘要翻译：一种发电机，其包括具有下部加热端的封闭的耐压管状回路和通过连接钢管柱和返回柱连接的上部冷却端，所述管状回路在压力下充满流体，其临界点在冷却和加热的端部，以使流体转化为上端的液相以排放到管道塔中，并使液体转化为下端的气相，同时在其气相中进行排放返回柱使得流体在其液相和气相之间转换的循环是连续的，并且由液柱中的向下移动的液体驱动的液压动力单元与所产生的静水压反应。

83. 发明授权

US4184477A Solar heating and storage 失效
标题翻译：太阳能加热和储存
公开(公告)号：US4184477A
公开(公告)日：1980-01-22
申请号：US793367
申请日：1977-05-03
申请人： Shao W. Yuan
发明人： Shao W. Yuan
IPC分类号： F24D11/00 , F24S10/95 , F28D20/00 , F24J3/02
CPC分类号： F24J2/32 , F24D11/003 , F28D20/0052 , Y02B10/20 , Y02E10/44 , Y02E60/142 , Y02E70/30 , Y02P80/24
摘要： A system for utilizing and storing solar energy which includes the use of solar collectors attached to liquid tubes or unidirectional heat pipes for transferring solar flux into heat energy for instant uses and storing the heat energy into earth ground for auxiliary and long-term uses. An expanding array of heat conductive pipes distributes the heat throughout a large volume of underground earth and extracts the same when it is required. The system provides for long-duration earth storage of the heat energy which can later be used as independent source for both space heating and hot water heating in homes, multiple-unit housing, commercial and public buildings, swimming pools, greenhouses, industrial needs, etc.A unidirectional heat pipe, characterized by irreversible heat flow, including a pump arrangement for transferring working fluid from the non-wicking condenser section to the evaporator section of the said heat pipe.
摘要翻译：一种用于利用和储存太阳能的系统，其包括使用连接到液体管的太阳能收集器或单向热管，用于将太阳能通量转移到热能中用于即时使用并将热能存储到土壤中用于辅助和长期使用。扩展的导热管阵列将热量分布在大体积的地下土壤中，并在需要时将其提取。该系统提供长时间的热能储存，后来可以作为家庭，多单位住房，商业和公共建筑，游泳池，温室，工业需求的空间采暖和热水供暖的独立来源，特征在于不可逆热流的单向热管，包括用于将工作流体从非芯吸冷凝器部分传送到所述热管的蒸发器部分的泵装置。

84. 发明授权

US4166917A Concentrating solar receiver 失效
标题翻译：集中太阳能接收器
公开(公告)号：US4166917A
公开(公告)日：1979-09-04
申请号：US907946
申请日：1978-05-22
申请人： William G. Dorfeld , Ugur Ortabasi
发明人： William G. Dorfeld , Ugur Ortabasi
IPC分类号： F24S23/70 , H01L31/052 , H01L31/04
CPC分类号： F24J2/10 , F24J2/32 , H01L31/0547 , Y02E10/44 , Y02E10/52
摘要： There has been provided a concentrating solar receiver of the type including a closed envelope having a window and reflective portions. A photocell is disposed at a focal zone for the reflector. Heat and/or electricity may be produced from received solar energy and the envelope is manufactured in the configuration of a specially formed bulb preferably having a thin wall glass structure.
摘要翻译：已经提供了一种集中式太阳能接收器，其包括具有窗口和反射部分的封闭封套。光电池设置在反射器的聚焦区域。可以从接收的太阳能产生热和/或电，并且以特别形成的灯泡的结构制造外壳，其优选地具有薄壁玻璃结构。

85. 发明授权

US4162394A Auxiliary evaporator for dual mode heat pipes 失效
标题翻译：双模热管辅助蒸发器
公开(公告)号：US4162394A
公开(公告)日：1979-07-24
申请号：US815063
申请日：1977-07-12
申请人： Ernest C. Faccini
发明人： Ernest C. Faccini
IPC分类号： F24J2/32 , F24J3/08 , F28D15/02 , F28D15/00 , H05B1/00
CPC分类号： F28D15/0266 , F24J2/32 , F24J3/086 , Y02E10/16 , Y02E10/44
摘要： A dual mode heat pipe includes roadways, bridges, etc., includes an auxiliary evaporator formed concentrically with the upper end of a vertically disposed primary evaporator portion. The auxiliary evaporator portion comprises an annular sleeve disposed about the upper end of the primary evaporator portion and arranged between the primary evaporator portion and the condenser portion of the heat pipe such that all of the condensed working fluid returning to the primary evaporator portion must enter and overflow the auxiliary evaporator portion prior to return to the primary evaporator portion. The auxiliary evaporator portion is provided with heat input means whereby the auxiliary evaporator may function even in the absence of heat pipe function by the primary evaporator.
摘要翻译：双模式热管包括道路，桥梁等，包括与垂直设置的主蒸发器部分的上端同心地形成的辅助蒸发器。辅助蒸发器部分包括围绕主蒸发器部分的上端设置并设置在主蒸发器部分和热管的冷凝器部分之间的环形套筒，使得返回主蒸发器部分的所有冷凝的工作流体必须进入和在辅助蒸发器部分返回到主蒸发器部分之前溢出。辅助蒸发器部分设置有热输入装置，由此辅助蒸发器即使在主蒸发器不具有热管功能的情况下也可起作用。

86. 发明授权

US4148298A Hemispherical collector of direct dispersed and reflected waves 失效
标题翻译：直接分散和反射波的半球形集电极
公开(公告)号：US4148298A
公开(公告)日：1979-04-10
申请号：US915448
申请日：1978-06-14
申请人： Benjamin F. Sherman, Jr.
发明人： Benjamin F. Sherman, Jr.
IPC分类号： F24S10/95 , F24S23/70 , G01S3/786 , H01L31/052 , F24J3/02
CPC分类号： G01S3/7861 , F24J2/1047 , F24J2/32 , H01L31/0547 , Y02B10/10 , Y02B10/20 , Y02E10/44 , Y02E10/47 , Y02E10/52
摘要： A collector of waves, such as of solar radiations entering from any direction, concentrates them upon a receiver that converts them to useful purposes. Moderate concentration factors are achieved without the necessity of tracking the sun. The reflective surface of the collector is a semicircular arc developed by rotation about an axis either in the plane of the arc passing through the center of curvature to form a hemisphere, or in the plane of the arc and tangent to one end to form a hemitoroid with a central cusp, or about some other axis; or some combination of these shapes. The device is compounded to provide an increased concentration factor. Means are taught for adapting the device to heat-collecting plates, heat pipes, or photovoltaic conversion devices (solar cells) of either disc, ribbon, or tube construction and for installing the device on surfaces of buildings with or without the capability of tracking the sun.
摘要翻译：诸如从任何方向进入的太阳辐射的波的收集器将它们集中在将其转换成有用目的的接收器上。实现中等浓度因子，而不需要追踪太阳。收集器的反射表面是通过围绕轴线旋转而形成的半圆弧，该圆弧通过曲率中心以形成半球，或者在圆弧的平面中并与其一端相切以形成半球形具有中心尖点，或约一些其他轴线; 或这些形状的某种组合。该装置复合以提供增加的浓度因子。教导了将装置适配于盘，带或管结构的集热板，热管或光伏转换装置（太阳能电池）的装置，并且用于将装置安装在具有或不具有跟踪能力的建筑物的表面上太阳。

87. 发明授权

US4148297A Collector of direct dispersed and reflected waves 失效
标题翻译：直接分散和反射波的收集器
公开(公告)号：US4148297A
公开(公告)日：1979-04-10
申请号：US703461
申请日：1976-07-08
申请人： Benjamin F. Sherman, Jr.
发明人： Benjamin F. Sherman, Jr.
IPC分类号： F24S10/95 , F24S23/70 , G01S3/786 , H01L31/052 , F24J3/02
CPC分类号： G01S3/7861 , F24J2/1047 , F24J2/32 , H01L31/0547 , Y02B10/10 , Y02B10/20 , Y02E10/44 , Y02E10/47 , Y02E10/52
摘要： A collector of waves, such as of solar radiations entering from any direction, concentrates them upon a receiver that converts them to useful purposes. Moderate concentration factors are achieved without the necessity of tracking the sun. The reflective surface of the collector is a semicircular arc; developed by rotation about an axis either in the plane of the arc passing through the center of curvature to form a hemisphere, or in the plane of the arc and tangent to one end to form a hemitoroid with a central cusp, or about some other axis; or some combination of these shapes. The device is compounded to provide an increased concentration factor. Means are taught for adapting the device to heat-collecting plates, heat pipes, or photovoltaic conversion devices (solar cells) of either disc, ribbon, or tube construction and for installing the device on surfaces of buildings with or without the capability of tracking the sun.
摘要翻译：诸如从任何方向进入的太阳辐射的波的收集器将它们集中在将其转换成有用目的的接收器上。实现中等浓度因子，而不需要追踪太阳。收集器的反射面为半圆弧; 通过围绕轴的平面旋转而通过曲率中心旋转以形成半球，或者在圆弧的平面中并且与一端相切以形成具有中心尖点的半球形或围绕一些其它轴线 ; 或这些形状的某种组合。该装置复合以提供增加的浓度因子。教导了将装置适配于盘，带或管结构的集热板，热管或光伏转换装置（太阳能电池）的装置，并且用于将装置安装在具有或不具有跟踪能力的建筑物的表面上太阳。

88. 发明授权

US4138995A Solar energy storage and utilization 失效
标题翻译：太阳能储存和利用
公开(公告)号：US4138995A
公开(公告)日：1979-02-13
申请号：US717686
申请日：1976-08-25
申请人： Shao W. Yuan
发明人： Shao W. Yuan
IPC分类号： F24J2/42 , F24J2/32 , F24J2/34 , F28D15/02 , F28D20/00 , F24J3/02 , F24H7/00
CPC分类号： F28D15/0233 , F24J2/32 , F24J2/34 , F28D20/0052 , Y02B10/20 , Y02E10/44 , Y02E60/142 , Y02E70/30
摘要： A system for storing and utilizing solar energy which includes the use of solar energy collectors attached to heat pipes for changing solar flux into heat energy and transmitting the heat energy into the earth below the surface of the ground. An expanding array of pipes, formed of heat conductive material, distributes the heat throughout a large, unconstrained volume of underground earth. The system provides for long-duration earth storage of the heat energy which can later be used for both space and hot water heating in homes, multiple-unit housing, commercial buildings, public buildings, etc.A uni-directional heat pipe, characterized by having irreversible vapor flow, includes a pump arrangement for transferring working fluid from the condenser section to the evaporator section of the heat pipe.
摘要翻译：一种用于存储和利用太阳能的系统，其包括使用附接到热管的太阳能收集器，以将太阳能通量转换成热能并将热能传递到地面以下的地球中。由导热材料形成的扩展的管道阵列将热量分布在大的无约束体积的地下地球中。该系统提供长时间的热能储存，可以在以后用于家庭，多单元住房，商业建筑物，公共建筑物等的空间和热水供热中使用。

89. 发明授权

US4122831A Solar collector comprising an elongate absorber in an evacuated transparent tube 失效
标题翻译：太阳能收集器包括在抽空的透明管中的细长吸收体
公开(公告)号：US4122831A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-31
申请号：US785916
申请日：1977-04-08
申请人： Faramarz Mahdjuri
发明人： Faramarz Mahdjuri
IPC分类号： F24S10/40 , F24S10/70 , F24S10/95 , F24S23/74 , F24J3/02
CPC分类号： F24J2/32 , F24J2/055 , F24J2/14 , F24J2/244 , Y02E10/44 , Y02E10/45
摘要： A solar collector comprising an elongate absorber centrally arranged in an evacuated, transparent, circular-cylindrical tube provided with a reflector in the form of a 1/3-circular cylinder in contact with the absorber.
摘要翻译：一种太阳能收集器，其包括中心地设置在抽空的透明圆柱形管中的细长吸收体，该管设置有与吸收体接触的1/3圆柱形反射器。

90. 发明授权

US4080957A Solar panel 失效
标题翻译：太阳能板
公开(公告)号：US4080957A
公开(公告)日：1978-03-28
申请号：US650397
申请日：1976-01-19
申请人： Christopher John Bennett
发明人： Christopher John Bennett
IPC分类号： F24S10/70 , F24S10/75 , F24S10/95 , F24S90/00 , F24J3/02
CPC分类号： F24J2/4625 , F24J2/265 , F24J2/32 , F24J2/42 , F24J2002/5275 , Y02E10/44
摘要： The invention provides a method for heating water by solar radiation using a reflux condenser system in which a heat transfer liquid is boiled by solar radiation and the vapor used to heat the water in a heat exchanger. The solar panel itself is highly efficient in operation and comprises a solar plate which incorporates a number of tubes containing the heat transfer liquid, these elements being located within an evacuated enclosure. Vapor from the boiling liquid passes up these tubes into a jacket surrounding a pipe through which the water to be heated is passed; liquid condensing within the jacket passes back to the tubes in the solar plate under gravity. The system incorporating the tubes and the jacket is maintained at a low gas pressure so that boiling of the heat transfer liquid takes place whenever there is a temperature difference between the panel and the heat exchanger.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种使用回流冷凝器系统通过太阳辐射加热水的方法，其中传热液体通过太阳辐射沸腾，并且用于在热交换器中加热水的蒸汽。太阳能电池板本身在操作上是高效的，并且包括太阳能板，其包含多个包含传热液体的管，这些元件位于抽真空的外壳内。来自沸腾液体的蒸汽将这些管道送入围绕管道的护套中，待加热的水通过该管道; 护套内的液体冷凝在重力作用下返回太阳能板中的管。包含管和套管的系统保持在低气压下，使得当板和热交换器之间存在温差时，传热液体的沸腾。

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