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71. 发明授权

US5304287A Microdistillation method 失效
标题翻译：微蒸法
公开(公告)号：US5304287A
公开(公告)日：1994-04-19
申请号：US652186
申请日：1991-02-07
申请人： Scott Stieg
发明人： Scott Stieg
IPC分类号： B01D3/38 , G01N1/40 , G01N25/14 , B01D3/00
CPC分类号： B01D3/38 , G01N1/40 , G01N25/14 , G01N2001/4033 , Y10S159/27 , Y10S159/28 , Y10S159/41 , Y10S159/42 , Y10S203/02 , Y10T436/255
摘要： A microdistillation method for the quantitative steam distillation of cyanide, phenolic compounds, hydrogen fluoride, ammonia, sulfites and other volatile analyte compounds from samples of environmental waters and sludge for their subsequent analysis involves volatilizing the water in the sample tube of a microdistillation column. The pressure which develops due to the water vapor forces all volatile compounds from the water sample, including the water itself, through a hydrophobic membrane and into the collector tube of the microdistillation column. The volatile compounds and the water vapor condense in the cooler collector tube and are quantitatively trapped and retained over the membrane. Relatively small samples may be distilled.
摘要翻译：用于对环境水和污泥样品中的氰化物，酚类化合物，氟化氢，氨，亚硫酸盐和其他挥发性分析物进行定量蒸汽蒸馏的微蒸馏方法用于随后的分析，包括使微量蒸馏塔的样品管中的水挥发。由于水蒸汽而产生的压力迫使来自水样品的所有挥发性化合物（包括水本身）通过疏水膜并进入微量蒸馏塔的收集管。挥发性化合物和水蒸汽冷凝在冷却器收集管中并定量捕获并保留在膜上。可以蒸馏相对较小的样品。

72. 发明授权

US5193382A Clogging indicator for controlling sodium quality 失效
标题翻译：控制钠质量的指示剂
公开(公告)号：US5193382A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-16
申请号：US735784
申请日：1991-07-25
申请人： Christian Latge , Guy Lemercier , Bernard Puech , Georges Jullien
发明人： Christian Latge , Guy Lemercier , Bernard Puech , Georges Jullien
IPC分类号： G01N25/14 , G01N33/20 , G21C17/02 , G21C17/025 , G21C19/30
CPC分类号： G01N33/206 , G01N25/14 , G21C17/025
摘要： The clogging indicator makes it possible to continuously measure the purity of sodium circulating in the circuits of a fast neutron reactor without requiring the dismantling or completely changing the indicator should the measuring section becomes clogged. The clogging indicator essentially includes a bypass pipe comprising one coaxial external section (8) and one coaxial internal section (9). A measuring head (10) is mounted and able to move between these two sections and is mainly composed of at least one thermoelement (24) and one mobile grid (22) causing the measuring section to vary and thus the measured flow so as to favor uncloggings and the dissolving of any impurities crystallized during the measurements. This unit is completed by the other main elements of the clogging indicator in an elongated longitudinal body and surrounded by a thermic exchanger (11) for cooling the sodium.
摘要翻译：堵塞指示器可以连续地测量在快中子反应器的回路中循环的钠的纯度，而不需要拆卸或如果测量部分堵塞则完全改变指示器。堵塞指示器基本上包括包括一个同轴外部部分（8）和一个同轴内部部分（9）的旁通管。测量头（10）安装并且能够在这两个部分之间移动，并且主要由至少一个热电偶（24）和一个移动网格（22）组成，使得测量部分变化，并且因此测量流量有利于在测量期间结晶的任何杂质的溶解和溶解。该单元由延长的纵向主体中的堵塞指示器的其它主要元件完成，并被用于冷却钠的热交换器（11）包围。

73. 发明授权

US4922747A Method for the determination of volative components in continuous flow condensed phase sample stream 失效
标题翻译：测定连续流冷凝相样品流中挥发成分的方法
公开(公告)号：US4922747A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-08
申请号：US312644
申请日：1989-02-17
申请人： David L. Wall
发明人： David L. Wall
IPC分类号： G01N25/14 , G01N33/28
CPC分类号： G01N25/14 , G01N33/2823
摘要： A method for determining volative components in a continuous flow condensed phase sample stream. A method is disclosed wherein a controlled flow of a sample stream of oil is cascaded down a standpipe of a predetermined length and a countercurrent flow of an inert dry gas is created to absorb volatile substances, such as water, in a concentration proportional to the concentration in the oil. The cascade of oil down the standpipe creates an efficient mechanism for the transfer of volatiles from the oil to a gas phase with the inert gas. The inert gas exposed to and containing the volatiles is applied to a detection system for the measurement of the concentration of the volatiles.
摘要翻译：一种用于确定连续流冷凝相样品流中的挥发成分的方法。公开了一种方法，其中将样品流的受控流动在预定长度的立管上级联，并且产生惰性干燥气体的逆流以吸收与浓度成比例的浓度的挥发性物质（例如水）在油中。立管上的油压级联产生了一种有效的机制，用于将挥发物从惰性气体从油转移到气相。将暴露于和含有挥发物的惰性气体应用于用于测量挥发物浓度的检测系统。

74. 发明授权

US4866983A Analytical methods and apparatus for measuring the oil content of sponge core 失效
标题翻译：用于测量海绵芯油含量的分析方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4866983A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-19
申请号：US181762
申请日：1988-04-14
申请人： Harold J. Vinegar , Rocco DiFoggio , Pierre N. Tutunjian
发明人： Harold J. Vinegar , Rocco DiFoggio , Pierre N. Tutunjian
IPC分类号： G01N25/14 , G01N33/24 , G01R33/44
CPC分类号： G01N25/14 , G01N33/241 , G01R33/44
摘要： Methods and apparatus are disclosed for determining oil saturation in sponge coring using solvents which dissolve substantially all of the oil but none of the sponge. Two classes of such solvents are specified. One is aprotic, and the resultant concentration of oil in it is measured by proton NMR spectroscopy. The other has no C--H bonds, and the resultant concentration of oil in it is measured by infrared spectroscopy.
摘要翻译：公开了用于使用溶解基本上所有油而不溶解海绵的溶剂确定海绵取芯中的油饱和度的方法和装置。指定了两类这类溶剂。一种是非质子性的，其中所得到的油的浓度通过质子NMR光谱测量。另一个没有C-H键，通过红外光谱法测定其中所得到的油的浓度。

75. 发明授权

US4843015A Method for determining volatile phosphorus in carbon 失效
标题翻译：测定碳中挥发性磷的方法
公开(公告)号：US4843015A
公开(公告)日：1989-06-27
申请号：US116973
申请日：1987-11-05
申请人： John R. Grubbs, Jr. , Aravamuthan P. Sarathy , Robert C. Flowe
发明人： John R. Grubbs, Jr. , Aravamuthan P. Sarathy , Robert C. Flowe
IPC分类号： G01N1/22 , G01N21/77 , G01N21/78 , G01N25/14 , G01N31/10 , G01N31/22 , G01N33/22
CPC分类号： G01N21/78 , G01N25/14 , Y10T436/16
摘要： A method and apparatus for determining the phosphorus content which can be volatilized in a solid carbon sample. The sample is heated in the presence of steam to produce a vaporous steam containing volatile phosphorus. Next, the vaporous stream is passed through a zinc oxide layer whereby the voliatle phosphorus is retained. A colored solution is formed upon adding to the zinc oxide layer a vanadate-molybdate reagent. Finnally, the intensity of the colored solution is determined by a spectrophotometer; and the phosphorus content is determined by comparison with a standard intensity graph.

76. 发明授权

US4798081A High temperature continuous viscometry coupled with analytic temperature rising elution fractionation for evaluating crystalline and semi-crystalline polymers 失效
$High temperature continuous viscometry coupled with analytic temperature rising elution fractionation for evaluating crystalline and semi-crystalline polymers$
标题翻译：高温连续粘度与分析升温洗脱分级相结合，用于评估结晶和半结晶聚合物
公开(公告)号：US4798081A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-17
申请号：US137118
申请日：1987-12-22
申请人： Lonnie G. Hazlitt , Daniel G. Moldovan
发明人： Lonnie G. Hazlitt , Daniel G. Moldovan
IPC分类号： G01N11/08 , G01N25/14 , G01N30/00 , G01N30/02 , G01N30/32 , G01N30/62 , G01N33/44 , G01N11/00
CPC分类号： G01N33/442 , G01N11/08 , G01N25/14 , G01N2030/008 , G01N2030/625 , G01N2030/885 , G01N25/147 , G01N30/02 , G01N30/32
摘要： A method and apparatus for analyzing a solution of a crystalline or a semi-crystalline polymer sample to determine a crystallinity versus weight percent profile concurrently with viscosity average molecular weight. The polymer sample is first precipitated from solution over a cooling temperature gradient to produce a precipitated polymer sample, which is precipitated as a function of its crystallinity. The precipitated polymer sample is then eluted and redissolved over a heating temperature gradient to produce successive fractions of a fractionated polymer sample solution, which are measured to produce concentration and specific viscosity data from which the intrinsic viscosity and viscosity average molecular weight are calculated.
摘要翻译：用于分析结晶或半结晶聚合物样品的溶液以与粘均分子量同时测定结晶度与重量百分比曲线的方法和装置。首先在冷却温度梯度下从溶液中沉淀聚合物样品以产生沉淀的聚合物样品，其作为其结晶度的函数被沉淀。然后将沉淀的聚合物样品洗脱并在加热温度梯度下重新溶解，以产生分级聚合物样品溶液的连续级分，其被测量以产生从其计算特性粘度和粘度平均分子量的浓度和比粘度数据。

77. 发明授权

US4663297A Temperature programmed spectroscopy techniques 失效
标题翻译：温度程序光谱技术
公开(公告)号：US4663297A
公开(公告)日：1987-05-05
申请号：US416666
申请日：1982-09-10
申请人： John T. Yates, Jr. , Gregory L. Griffin , Maya Kiskinova
发明人： John T. Yates, Jr. , Gregory L. Griffin , Maya Kiskinova
IPC分类号： G01N25/14 , G01N30/00 , G01N30/12 , H01J49/04 , G01N15/00 , G01N37/00
CPC分类号： H01J49/0077 , G01N25/14 , G01N30/00 , H01J49/049 , G01N2030/128
摘要： Temperature programmed spectroscopy wherein particles of a substrate under investigation are attached in a non-overlapping manner to a heating filament. The temperature of the filament is increased in a controlled manner, thus increasing the temperature of the attached substrate particles as well. An instrument for analyzing the gases is a mass spectrometer. Gases desorbed from the particles can be studied according to this technique, or the nature of heterogeneous catalytic chemical reactions of a gaseous atmosphere on the particles' surface may alternatively be detected and studied.
摘要翻译：温度程序化光谱法，其中正在研究的基底的颗粒以不重叠的方式连接到加热丝。以受控的方式增加丝的温度，从而也增加了附着的基底颗粒的温度。用于分析气体的仪器是质谱仪。可以根据该技术研究从颗粒中脱附的气体，或者可以检测和研究气态气体在颗粒表面上的非均相催化化学反应的性质。

78. 发明授权

US4603115A Automated process for solvent separation of organic/inorganic substance 失效
标题翻译：有机/无机物质溶剂分离自动化过程
公开(公告)号：US4603115A
公开(公告)日：1986-07-29
申请号：US662911
申请日：1984-10-19
申请人： Frank K. Schweighardt
发明人： Frank K. Schweighardt
IPC分类号： B01D11/02 , C10G1/00 , C10G1/04 , G01N25/14 , G01N1/18
CPC分类号： G01N25/14 , B01D11/0207 , C10G1/008 , C10G1/04 , C10G1/045 , Y10T436/21 , Y10T436/255
摘要： There is described an automated process for the solvent separation of organic/inorganic substances that operates continuously and unattended and eliminates potential errors resulting from subjectivity and the aging of the sample during analysis. In the process, metered amounts of one or more solvents are passed sequentially through a filter containing the sample under the direction of a microprocessor control apparatus. The mixture in the filter is agitated by ultrasonic cavitation for a timed period and the filtrate is collected. The filtrate of each solvent extraction is collected individually and the residue on the filter element is collected to complete the extraction process.
摘要翻译：描述了一种用于有机/无机物质的溶剂分离的自动化方法，其连续地和无人值守地操作，并消除了在分析过程中主观性和样品老化导致的潜在误差。在此过程中，计量量的一种或多种溶剂在微处理器控制装置的方向上依次通过包含样品的过滤器。过滤器中的混合物通过超声空化搅拌一段时间，并收集滤液。分别收集每种溶剂萃取物的滤液，并收集过滤元件上的残余物以完成萃取过程。

79. 发明授权

US4551425A Pyroelectric gas sensor 失效
标题翻译：热电气体传感器
公开(公告)号：US4551425A
公开(公告)日：1985-11-05
申请号：US425400
申请日：1982-09-28
申请人： Jay N. Zemel
发明人： Jay N. Zemel
IPC分类号： G01N25/14 , G01N25/48 , G01N30/00 , C12Q1/00 , G01N25/32
CPC分类号： G01N25/4873 , G01N25/14 , G01N30/00 , Y10S435/807
摘要： A pyroelectric substrate is provided with a heater and at least one set of electrodes for sensing charge redistributions due to changes in the substrate temperature. In a preferred embodiment, there are two interdigitated electrodes, one coated with an absorber/desorber material. The heater pulsatingly raises the temperature of the substrate past the desorption temperature of a fluid of interest. If the fluid was exposed to the absorber/desorber material prior to heating, a portion of the fluid will have been absorbed. When the substrate reaches the desorption temperature, additional heat pulses will not increase the substrate temperature significantly until the fluid has desorbed. Thus, heat used in changing state does not raise the substrate temperature and, lacking a temperature change, reduces the charge redistribution sensed by the electrode coated with the material. Its output is compared with the uncoated electrode (whose temperature continues to rise) and the difference is equal to the amount of fluid desorbed and the temperature is indicative of the species of fluid desorbed.
摘要翻译：热电基板设置有加热器和用于感测由于基板温度的变化引起的电荷再分布的至少一组电极。在优选实施例中，存在两个交错电极，一个涂覆有吸收器/解吸器材料。加热器脉动地升高衬底的温度超过感兴趣的流体的解吸温度。如果在加热之前将流体暴露于吸收器/解吸器材料，则一部分流体将被吸收。当衬底达到解吸温度时，额外的热脉冲将不会明显增加衬底温度直到流体解吸。因此，在改变状态下使用的热量不会升高衬底温度，并且没有温度变化会降低由涂覆材料的电极感测到的电荷再分布。将其输出与未涂覆的电极（其温度继续上升）进行比较，其差异等于解吸的流体的量，温度表示解吸的流体的种类。

80. 发明授权

US4395903A Apparatus and method for determining the vapor pressure of heavy hydrocarbon mixtures 失效
标题翻译：用于测定重质烃混合物蒸气压的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US4395903A
公开(公告)日：1983-08-02
申请号：US292279
申请日：1981-08-12
申请人： T. H. Gouw
发明人： T. H. Gouw
IPC分类号： G01N25/14 , G01N33/28 , G01N7/16
CPC分类号： G01N25/14 , G01N33/2823
摘要： A vapor pressure method and apparatus for accurately determining the vapor pressure of heavy crude oil and residual fractions is disclosed. A test sample of the crude or residuum is held in a constant temperature vessel from which vapors are continuously withdrawn and recycled into the crude or residuum until equilibrium is established. Once equilibrium is established a specimen of the vapors is extracted from the recycle line and analyzed by a gas chromatograph. Vapor pressure is calculated from the chromatographic analysis by known procedures.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于精确测定重质原油和残留馏分的蒸气压的蒸气压法和装置。将原油或残渣的测试样品保持在恒温容器中，从恒定温度的容器中将蒸气连续取出并再循环到原油或渣油中，直至建立平衡。一旦建立平衡，则从循环管线中提取蒸气样本，并通过气相色谱仪进行分析。通过已知方法从色谱分析计算蒸气压。

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