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71. 发明申请

US20020075063A1 Frequency adaptive negative voltage generator 审中-公开
标题翻译：频率自适应负电压发生器
公开(公告)号：US20020075063A1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-20
申请号：US09740490
申请日：2000-12-18
申请人： Hitachi America, Ltd.
发明人： Changku Hwang
IPC分类号： G05F001/10
CPC分类号： H02M3/07 , G05F3/242 , H02M2003/071
摘要： A negative voltage generator for an integrated circuit includes a charge pump responsive to the current loading on its output terminal. The charge pump is connected to a comparator which compares the output node of the charge pump with a reference potential. The comparator provides an analog output signal to a variable frequency oscillator, which in turn controls the charge pump. Variations in current loading caused the comparator to make appropriate changes in the oscillation frequency.
摘要翻译：用于集成电路的负电压发生器包括响应于其输出端上的电流负载的电荷泵。电荷泵连接到比较器，比较电荷泵的输出节点与参考电位。比较器向可变频率振荡器提供模拟输出信号，该变频振荡器又控制电荷泵。电流负载的变化使得比较器对振荡频率做出适当的改变。

72. 发明授权

US6122321A Methods and apparatus for reducing the complexity of inverse quantization operations 失效
标题翻译：用于降低逆量化操作的复杂度的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US6122321A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-19
申请号：US76448
申请日：1998-05-12
申请人： Sharif M. Sazzad , Larry Pearlstein
发明人： Sharif M. Sazzad , Larry Pearlstein
IPC分类号： H04N7/26 , H04N7/30 , H04N7/50 , H04N7/12
CPC分类号： H04N19/423 , H04N19/124 , H04N19/17 , H04N19/186 , H04N19/45 , H04N19/60 , H04N19/61 , H04N19/70
摘要： Methods and apparatus for implementing video decoders at a lower cost than known video decoders are described. The methods include data reduction techniques, simplified inverse quantization techniques, and dynamically varying prediction filter complexity as a function of whether luminance or chrominance data is being processed. In various embodiments, data representing portions of B frames which will not be displayed is identified and discarded, e.g., without performing a decoding operation thereon. Portions of I and P frames which will not be displayed are identified and decoded at a reduced resolution and/or using simplified inverse quantization techniques. The decoded I and P frame data is stored for use when making subsequent predictions if required. Another data reduction technique involves applying different amounts of downsampling to different image portions with no or little downsampling being performed on image portions located at or nearest to the image's center of interest as determined from information included in a received encoded bitstream. Simplified inverse quantization techniques of the present invention which are suitable for use when processing data from P or B frames involve performing a simplified non-MPEG compliant inverse quantization operation. The inverse quantization operation of the present invention is implemented by treating an additive factor, k, as having a value of zero for both predictively and intra-coded data and/or by eliminating the mismatch control operation normally performed as part of an MPEG compliant inverse quantization operation.
摘要翻译：描述了以比已知的视频解码器更低的成本实现视频解码器的方法和装置。这些方法包括数据简化技术，简化逆量化技术以及动态变化的预测滤波器复杂度，作为是否处理亮度或色度数据的函数。在各种实施例中，表示不显示的B帧的部分的数据被识别和丢弃，例如不对其执行解码操作。以降低的分辨率和/或使用简化的逆量化技术来识别和解码不显示的I帧和P帧的部分。如果需要，进行后续预测时，解码的I和P帧数据被存储以供使用。另一种数据缩减技术涉及对不同图像部分应用不同量的下采样，在从包含在接收的编码比特流中的信息确定的位于或最靠近图像的感兴趣中心的图像部分上执行没有或很少的下采样。适用于处理来自P或B帧的数据的本发明的简化逆量化技术涉及执行简化的非MPEG兼容逆量化操作。本发明的逆量化操作是通过将预测和帧内编码数据中的加法因子k处理为零的值来实现的，和/或通过消除作为MPEG兼容逆的一部分正常执行的失配控制操作来实现量化操作。

73. 发明授权

US6109247A Heater for a cold start fuel injector 失效
标题翻译：加热器用于冷启动燃油喷射器
公开(公告)号：US6109247A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-29
申请号：US399846
申请日：1999-09-21
申请人： Frank W. Hunt
发明人： Frank W. Hunt
IPC分类号： F02M31/135 , F02M31/12
CPC分类号： F02M31/135 , Y02T10/126
摘要： A heater is provided for use in conjunction with a cold start fuel injector for an internal combustion engine in which the injector, upon activation, injects fuel into a cold start passageway. The heater includes a metal tube having an interior and an exterior surface. The tube is positioned coaxially in the cold start passageway so that fuel flow from the cold start injector passes through the interior of the metal tube. A plurality of circumferentially spaced electrical heating elements are disposed around the outer periphery of the metal tube which, upon activation, heat the metal tube thereby increasing atomization of the fuel as it flows through the interior of the tube. Preferably, the heating elements are constructed of PTC. Alternative designs are also disclosed.
摘要翻译：提供加热器，用于与用于内燃机的冷启动燃料喷射器一起使用，其中喷射器在启动时将燃料喷射到冷启动通道中。加热器包括具有内部和外部表面的金属管。管同轴地定位在冷启动通道中，使得来自冷启动喷射器的燃料流通过金属管的内部。多个周向隔开的电加热元件设置在金属管的外周周围，激活时，金属管加热，从而在燃料流过管的内部时增加燃料的雾化。优选地，加热元件由PTC构成。还公开了另外的设计。

74. 发明授权

US6052701A Methods of performing interpolation using frequency shifting operations and filters 失效
标题翻译：使用频移操作和滤波器进行插值的方法
公开(公告)号：US6052701A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-18
申请号：US200083
申请日：1998-11-25
申请人： Joshua L. Koslov , Frank A. Lane , Carl G. Scarpa
发明人： Joshua L. Koslov , Frank A. Lane , Carl G. Scarpa
IPC分类号： H03H17/00 , H04L27/20 , G06F7/17 , A04L27/20
CPC分类号： H04L27/2071
摘要： Methods and apparatus for converting a relatively low frequency signal, e.g., a 1.5 MHz signal, to a high frequency signal, e.g., a 30-100 MHz signal, in the digital domain without the need for a digital mixer operating at the high frequency are described. The high frequency represents, e.g., the ultimate digital to analog conversion frequency. In accordance with the present invention an interpolation technique is used to convert the low rate digital signal to a high rate signal and to shift the carrier to a desired frequency. This is accomplished, by first positioning the information signal, e.g., the digital waveform to be modulated on a carrier at a relatively low rate using a digital mixer operating at a fraction of the ultimate digital to analog conversion frequency. The relatively low rate signal generated by the mixing operation is then converted to a high rate signal by one or more interpolator stages. An adjustable passband filter circuit is included in each interpolation stage. In one embodiment, the adjustable passband filter circuits are implemented using a fixed frequency filter preceded and followed by frequency shifting circuits which are used to upshift and then downshift the signal being filtered. By controlling the frequency shifting adjustable filter circuits are achieved via the use of fixed filters.
摘要翻译：用于将相对低频信号（例如1.5MHz信号）转换成数字域中的高频信号（例如，30-100MHz信号）而不需要以高频工作的数字混频器的方法和装置描述。高频表示例如最终的数模转换频率。根据本发明，使用内插技术将低速率数字信号转换为高速率信号并将载波移位到期望的频率。这是通过使用以最终数模转换频率的一小部分操作的数字混频器首先定位信息信号，例如以较低速率调制在载波上的数字波形。然后由混合操作产生的相对较低的速率信号通过一个或多个内插器级转换成高速率信号。每个插补级包含可调整通带滤波电路。在一个实施例中，可调节通带滤波器电路使用在频移电路之前和之后的固定频率滤波器来实现，所述频移电路用于升档，然后降档正被滤波的信号。通过控制频移可调滤波器电路是通过使用固定滤波器实现的。

75. 发明授权

US5815714A Embedded debug commands in a source file 失效
标题翻译：源文件中的嵌入式调试命令
公开(公告)号：US5815714A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-29
申请号：US839229
申请日：1997-04-21
申请人： Avadhani Shridhar , John Simons
发明人： Avadhani Shridhar , John Simons
IPC分类号： G06F11/28 , G06F9/44 , G06F11/34 , G06F11/36 , G06F9/45
CPC分类号： G06F11/3624 , G06F8/30 , G06F11/3466
摘要： A method and apparatus for re-generating debug commands is provided comprising a source program having embedded debug commands in a first distinguishable field, and an assembler. The assembler operates on the source code extracting the embedded debug commands and associated address information from the source code while generating object code. The debug commands are stored in a command file for use during simulation. A simulator executes the assembled object code in conjunction with a debugger which executes the stored debug commands as designated during the execution cycle. Upon the termination of a simulation run and the subsequent modification of the source program, the debug commands are automatically re-generated with correct addresses as determined during the subsequent assembly. When the edited source file is loaded, the break-points are cleared and a new command file is executed to insure that the break-points are relocated to the correct source lines. The execution of the embedded debug commands can be enabled or disabled by means of a command line option, so when the debugging is complete, the debug information will not be outputted.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于重新生成调试命令的方法和装置，包括在第一可区分字段中具有嵌入式调试命令的源程序和汇编器。汇编程序对源代码进行操作，从源代码中提取嵌入式调试命令和关联的地址信息，同时生成目标代码。调试命令存储在命令文件中，以便在仿真期间使用。模拟器与执行在执行周期中指定的存储的调试命令的调试器一起执行组装的目标代码。在模拟运行结束和源程序的后续修改之后，将在随后的组装过程中确定的正确地址自动重新生成调试命令。当编辑的源文件被加载时，断点被清除，并且执行新的命令文件以确保断点被重定位到正确的源行。可以通过命令行选项启用或禁用嵌入式调试命令的执行，所以调试完成后，调试信息将不会被输出。

76. 发明授权

US5806490A Fuel control system for a gaseous fuel internal combustion engine with improved fuel metering and mixing means 失效
标题翻译：用于具有改进的燃料计量和混合装置的气体燃料内燃机的燃料控制系统
公开(公告)号：US5806490A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-15
申请号：US770261
申请日：1996-12-20
申请人： Toshiharu Nogi , Robert I. Bruetsch
发明人： Toshiharu Nogi , Robert I. Bruetsch
IPC分类号： F02B37/16 , F02B75/02 , F02D19/02 , F02D41/00 , F02D41/18 , F02D41/34 , F02M21/02 , F02D41/14
CPC分类号： F02M21/0233 , F02B37/16 , F02D19/023 , F02D19/027 , F02D35/023 , F02D41/0027 , F02D41/187 , F02M21/0239 , F02M21/042 , F02B2075/025 , F02D2400/04 , F02D41/008 , F02M21/0212 , F02M21/0215 , Y02T10/144 , Y02T10/32
摘要： A fuel management system for a gaseous fuel internal combustion engine is disclosed in which a mass air flow sensor as well as a mass gas flow sensor provide input signals to an electronic control unit (ECU) which then determines the air/fuel ratio. The ECU in turn generates output signals to a fuel valve to control the mass of fuel flow to the engine and thus the air/fuel ratio. A turbocharger bypass valve, a precooler for the gaseous fuel supply, a pressure accumulator upstream from the fuel valve, as well as a system to calibrate the engine to the specific gaseous fuel is described to enhance the accuracy of the fuel management system. An improved pressure balanced valve for controlling the fuel flow to the engine is also provided as well as a cylinder pressure transducer to optionally provide an output signal to the ECU to determine the air/fuel ratio.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于气体燃料内燃机的燃料管理系统，其中质量空气流量传感器以及质量气体流量传感器向电子控制单元（ECU）提供输入信号，然后电子控制单元确定空气/燃料比。 ECU又向燃料阀产生输出信号，以控制到发动机的燃料流量，从而控制空燃比。描述了涡轮增压器旁通阀，用于气体燃料供应的预冷器，来自燃料阀上游的压力蓄能器以及用于将发动机校准到特定气体燃料的系统，以提高燃料管理系统的精度。还提供了用于控制到发动机的燃料流的改进的压力平衡阀以及气缸压力传感器，以可选地向ECU提供输出信号以确定空气/燃料比。

77. 发明授权

US5692013A Shared resources modulator-demodulator circuits for use with quadrature amplitude modulated signals 失效
标题翻译：用于正交幅度调制信号的共享资源调制解调器电路
公开(公告)号：US5692013A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-25
申请号：US554696
申请日：1995-11-07
申请人： Joshua Lawrence Koslov , Frank Anton Lane , Carl G. Scarpa
发明人： Joshua Lawrence Koslov , Frank Anton Lane , Carl G. Scarpa
IPC分类号： H04L27/36 , H04L27/38 , H04L27/10
CPC分类号： H04L27/3854 , H04L27/362
摘要： A common transceiver circuit for use as either a modulator or demodulator and that is implemented through a shared resource approach. This approach is particularly, though not exclusively, suited for with quadrature amplitude modulated (QAM) or vestigial sideband (VSB) signals. Specifically, a QAM transceiver circuit (400), through strategically located multiplexing stages, physically re-uses both a complex Nyquist filter (310, 320) and an equalizer (140) for demodulation and modulation. Additionally, tap coefficients of the complex Nyquist filter are set such that a center frequency of an otherwise baseband Nyquist filter is translated upward to a symbol rate in order to eliminate a separate complex mixer (250, 260). Similarly, a VSB transceiver circuit (700), also through strategically located multiplexing stages, physically re-uses a complex vestigial Nyquist filter (610), a complex mixer (620) and an equalizer (785) during demodulation and modulation. The VSB transceiver also selects a particular configuration of a common complex Hilbert transform circuit (720) for use during either demodulation or modulation. In either transceiver, the same equalizer selectively provides both channel equalization, during de-modulation, and (sin x)/x compensation, during modulation, through use of differing corresponding sets of tap coefficients.
摘要翻译：用作调制器或解调器的通用收发器电路，通过共享资源方法实现。该方法特别地，尽管不是排他地适用于正交幅度调制（QAM）或残留边带（VSB）信号。具体地说，QAM收发器电路（400）通过策略地定位的复用级，物理地重新使用复数奈奎斯特滤波器（310,320）和均衡器（140）进行解调和调制。此外，复数奈奎斯特滤波器的抽头系数被设置为使得否则基带奈奎斯特滤波器的中心频率向上转换到符号速率，以消除单独的复合混频器（250,260）。类似地，在解调和调制期间，也通过策略地定位的复用级的VSB收发器电路（700）在物理上重新使用复杂的残留奈奎斯特滤波器（610），复混合器（620）和均衡器（785）。 VSB收发器还选择在解调或调制期间使用的公共复合希尔伯特变换电路（720）的特定配置。在任一收发器中，相同的均衡器通过使用不同对应的抽头系数组，在调制期间，在去调制期间和（sin x）/ x补偿期间选择性地提供信道均衡。

78. 发明授权

US5691986A Methods and apparatus for the editing and insertion of data into an encoded bitstream 失效
标题翻译：用于编辑和将数据插入编码比特流的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5691986A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-25
申请号：US481581
申请日：1995-06-07
申请人： Larry Pearlstein
发明人： Larry Pearlstein
IPC分类号： H04N7/26 , H04N21/2343 , H04N21/236 , H04N21/81 , H04N7/12
CPC分类号： H04N21/23608 , H04N19/40 , H04N21/2343 , H04N21/23614 , H04N21/814 , Y10S370/916
摘要： Methods and apparatus for inserting data into an encoded data stream are disclosed. In accordance with the disclosed methods data is inserted into an encoded data stream while maintaining MPEG-2 compliance. The disclosed methods achieve data reduction required to make room for the data to be added by removing certain data elements of an encoded data stream, such as high frequency discrete cosine transform coefficients, which can be removed with minimal impact on picture quality and without disturbing the data stream's compliance with MPEG 2. In a first embodiment, data reduction to make room for the data to be inserted is performed by depacketizing the encoded data, performing a data reduction operation thereon, and then re-packetizing the encoded data. The reduced rate data stream is then multiplexed with the data to be inserted. In a second embodiment data reduction is performed by combining the contents of two or more consecutive transport data packets, e.g., the contents of a cluster of data packets, into a single data packet and by then inserting new data packets representing the data to be inserted, into the locations in the data stream corresponding to the original location of the transport data packets which were eliminated through the data reduction operation.
摘要翻译：公开了将数据插入编码数据流的方法和装置。根据所公开的方法，数据被插入到编码数据流中，同时保持MPEG-2符合性。所公开的方法实现了通过去除编码数据流的某些数据元素（例如高频离散余弦变换系数）来为添加数据腾出空间所需的数据减少，其可以以对图像质量的影响最小的影响被去除，并且不干扰数据流符合MPEG2的要求。在第一实施例中，通过对编码数据进行去封装，在其上执行数据缩减操作，然后对编码数据进行重新分组，来执行数据缩减以便插入数据的空间。然后，降低的速率数据流与要插入的数据多路复用。在第二实施例中，通过将两个或更多个连续的传输数据分组的内容（例如，数据分组的内容）组合成单个数据分组，然后插入表示要插入的数据的新数据分组来执行数据简化进入与通过数据缩减操作消除的传输数据分组的原始位置相对应的数据流中的位置。

79. 发明授权

US5614957A Digital picture-in-picture decoder 失效
标题翻译：数字画中画解码器
公开(公告)号：US5614957A
公开(公告)日：1997-03-25
申请号：US464912
申请日：1995-06-05
申请人： Jill M. Boyce , Larry Pearlstein
发明人： Jill M. Boyce , Larry Pearlstein
IPC分类号： H04N7/30 , G06T3/40 , G06T9/00 , G11B5/008 , G11B15/12 , G11B15/18 , G11B15/467 , H03M7/00 , H04N5/44 , H04N5/45 , H04N5/46 , H04N5/7826 , H04N7/015 , H04N7/24 , H04N7/26 , H04N7/36 , H04N7/46 , H04N7/50 , H04N9/804 , H04N9/82 , H04N21/231 , H04N21/2343 , H04N21/236 , H04N21/2662 , H04N21/431 , H04N21/432 , H04N21/434 , H04N21/438 , H04N21/4402 , H04N21/462
CPC分类号： H04N19/00 , G06T3/40 , G06T3/4007 , G06T3/4084 , G11B5/0086 , H04N19/117 , H04N19/124 , H04N19/132 , H04N19/137 , H04N19/139 , H04N19/159 , H04N19/16 , H04N19/162 , H04N19/172 , H04N19/176 , H04N19/18 , H04N19/184 , H04N19/192 , H04N19/40 , H04N19/42 , H04N19/423 , H04N19/427 , H04N19/428 , H04N19/44 , H04N19/46 , H04N19/48 , H04N19/51 , H04N19/513 , H04N19/587 , H04N19/59 , H04N19/61 , H04N19/70 , H04N19/80 , H04N19/82 , H04N19/90 , H04N21/23106 , H04N21/2343 , H04N21/236 , H04N21/2662 , H04N21/4316 , H04N21/4325 , H04N21/434 , H04N21/4382 , H04N21/4402 , H04N21/440254 , H04N21/440263 , H04N21/4621 , H04N5/4401 , H04N5/45 , H04N5/46 , H04N9/8042 , G11B15/125 , G11B15/1875 , G11B15/4673 , H04N19/13 , H04N19/30 , H04N19/91 , H04N5/78263 , H04N9/8227
摘要： Methods and apparatus for implementing a reduced cost HDTV/SDTV video decoder are disclosed. The described joint video decoder is capable of decoding HDTV pictures at approximately the resolution of standard definition television pictures and can be used to decode HDTV and/or SDTV pictures. The described video decoder may be used as part of a picture-in-picture decoder circuit for providing picture-in-picture capability without providing multiple full resolution video decoders. The reduction in decoder circuit complexity is achieved through the use of a plurality of data reduction techniques including the use of a preparser, downsampling, and truncating pixel values.
摘要翻译：公开了实现降低成本的HDTV / SDTV视频解码器的方法和装置。所描述的联合视频解码器能够以大约分辨率的标准清晰度电视图像解码HDTV图像，并且可以用于解码HDTV和/或SDTV图像。所描述的视频解码器可以用作画中画解码器电路的一部分，用于在不提供多个全分辨率视频解码器的情况下提供画中画能力。解码器电路复杂度的降低通过使用多种数据简化技术来实现，包括使用预备器，下采样和截取像素值。

80. 发明授权

US5598826A Cold start fuel control system for an internal combustion engine 失效
标题翻译：用于内燃机的冷启动燃料控制系统
公开(公告)号：US5598826A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-04
申请号：US465229
申请日：1995-06-05
申请人： Frank W. Hunt , Toshiharu Nogi
发明人： Frank W. Hunt , Toshiharu Nogi
IPC分类号： F02D41/00 , F02D41/06 , F02M25/08 , F02M53/06 , F02M69/04 , F02M69/08 , F02M69/32 , F02M51/00
CPC分类号： F02D41/003 , F02D41/0035 , F02D41/064 , F02M25/08 , F02M53/06 , F02M69/044 , F02M69/08 , F02M69/325
摘要： A cold start fuel control system provided for use with an internal combustion engine of the type having at least one combustion chamber, an air/fuel passageway fluidly connected with the combustion chamber and the source of fuel. The fuel control system includes an annular heater having an interior annular wall disposed within the passageway. A cold start fuel injector has its inlet fluidly connected to the fuel source and an outlet open to the passageway such that fuel from the outlet flows into the interior of the heater. Whenever the operating temperature of the engine is below a predetermined level, fuel is selectively provided to the cold start fuel injector which injects fuel into the passageway. The fuel discharge from the cold start fuel injector is swirled so that at least a portion of the fuel from the cold start fuel injector impinges upon the annular heater and is thus vaporized.
摘要翻译：一种冷启动燃料控制系统，其设置用于具有至少一个燃烧室的类型的内燃机，与燃烧室流体连接的空气/燃料通道和燃料源。燃料控制系统包括环形加热器，其具有设置在通道内的内部环形壁。冷启动燃料喷射器的入口流体地连接到燃料源和通向通道的出口，使得来自出口的燃料流入加热器的内部。每当发动机的工作温度低于预定水平时，将燃料选择性地提供给冷启动燃料喷射器，其将燃料喷射到通道中。来自冷起动燃料喷射器的燃料排出物旋转，使得来自冷启动燃料喷射器的燃料的至少一部分撞击环形加热器并因此蒸发。

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