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51. 发明授权

US4723824A Fiber optic amplifier 失效
标题翻译：光纤放大器
公开(公告)号：US4723824A
公开(公告)日：1988-02-09
申请号：US930136
申请日：1986-11-12
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , Michel J. F. Digonnet
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , Michel J. F. Digonnet
IPC分类号： H01S3/067 , H01S3/0933 , H01S3/094 , H04B10/17 , H04J14/02 , G02B6/26
CPC分类号： H04B10/2912 , H01S3/0933 , H01S3/094003 , H04B10/291 , H04J14/02 , H01S3/06787 , H01S3/094011
摘要： An amplifier for use with fiber optic systems comprises a neodymium YAG crystal placed in series with a signal-carrying optical fiber. The ND:YAG crystal is supplied by the optical fiber with both the signal to be amplified, and pumping illumination. The pumping illumination is coupled onto the optical fiber by a multiplexing coupler which is used to combine the signal to be amplified and illumination from a pumping illumination source onto a single optical fiber. The pumping illumination inverts the neodymium ions within the ND:YAG crystal. The signal to be amplified propagates through this crystal to stimulate emission of coherent light from the neodymium ions, resulting in amplification of the signal. Because this arrangement permits the ND:YAG crystal to be end-pumped with pumping illumination, and because the length of the ND:YAG crystal may be substantially greater that the absorption length for the crystal at the wavelength of the pumping illumination, virtually all of the pumping illumination may be absorbed within the ND:YAG crystal and used for amplification of the signal carried by the optical fiber.
摘要翻译：用于光纤系统的放大器包括与信号承载光纤串联放置的钕YAG晶体。 ND：YAG晶体由光纤提供，同时具有要放大的信号和泵浦照明。泵浦照明通过复用耦合器耦合到光纤上，复用耦合器用于将待放大的信号和来自泵浦照明源的照明组合到单个光纤上。泵浦照明反转ND：YAG晶体内的钕离子。要放大的信号通过该晶体传播，以刺激来自钕离子的相干光的发射，导致信号的放大。因为这种布置允许ND：YAG晶体在泵浦照明下被端泵浦，并且因为ND：YAG晶体的长度可能显着大于泵浦照明波长处的晶体的吸收长度，实际上全部泵浦照明可以在ND：YAG晶体内被吸收，并用于放大由光纤承载的信号。

52. 发明授权

US4684215A Single mode fiber optic single sideband modulator and method of frequency 失效
标题翻译：单模光纤单边带调制器和频率法
公开(公告)号：US4684215A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-04
申请号：US556636
申请日：1983-11-30
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , Robert C. Youngguist , Janet L. Brooks
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , Robert C. Youngguist , Janet L. Brooks
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , G02B6/14 , G02B6/28 , G02F1/01 , G02F1/125 , G02F2/02 , G02B6/02 , G02B5/30 , G02F1/11
CPC分类号： G02B6/2821 , G02F1/0134
摘要： A fiber optic frequency shifter comprising two waveguides having different indices of refraction. In some embodiments the waveguides are two modes of propagation in one fiber. Plural distributed coupling ridges, or electrodes mounted adjacent piezoelectric materials, are independently driven to apply sinusoidally varying forces to the fiber. In some embodiments, the phase relationship of the driving signals for the electrodes or ridges is such that a travelling acoustic wave is launched in the fiber. In other embodiments, regions of stress in the fiber are created by an acoustic wave coupled into the fiber from a transducer coupled to an acoustic medium surrounding the fiber. The input carrier light is shifted in frequency by the frequency of the acoustic wave.
摘要翻译：一种光纤移频器，包括具有不同折射率的两个波导。在一些实施例中，波导是在一个光纤中的两种传播模式。多个分布耦合脊或邻近压电材料安装的电极被独立地驱动以向光纤施加正弦变化的力。在一些实施例中，用于电极或脊的驱动信号的相位关系使得行进声波在光纤中发射。在其他实施例中，光纤中的应力区域是由耦合到围绕光纤的声学介质的传感器耦合到光纤中的声波产生的。输入载波的频率以声波的频率移动。

53. 发明授权

US4634282A Multimode fiber optic rotation sensor 失效
标题翻译：多模光纤旋转传感器
公开(公告)号：US4634282A
公开(公告)日：1987-01-06
申请号：US514776
申请日：1983-07-05
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , George A. Pavlath
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , George A. Pavlath
IPC分类号： G01C19/72 , G01B9/02 , G01C19/64
CPC分类号： G01C19/72
摘要： A fiber optic rotation sensor comprises a length of multimode optical fiber 11, forming a sensing loop 16 for sensing rotation in accordance with the Sagnac effect. Nonrotationally induced phase errors in the detected optical signal reduced or eliminated by (a) utilizing a light source 10 which produces light having a coherence length which is less than the difference in optical path length between modes; (b) utilizing a sufficiently large detector 20 so that substantially the entire optical output signal is intercepted by such detector; and (c) coupling light to the multimode fiber so that the electric field amplitudes in each of the modes are substantially equal.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US82 / 01555 Sec。 371日期：1983年7月5日 102（e）日期1983年7月5日PCT申请日1982年11月5日PCT公布。出版物WO83 / 01683 日期：1983年5月11日。光纤旋转传感器包括一段多模光纤11，形成感测环16，用于根据Sagnac效应感测旋转。通过（a）利用产生具有小于模式之间的光程长度差的相干长度的光的光源10来减少或消除检测到的光信号中的非旋转感应相位误差; （b）使用足够大的检测器20，使得基本上整个光输出信号被这种检测器截取; 和（c）将光耦合到多模光纤，使得每个模式中的电场幅度基本相等。

54. 发明授权

US4603940A Fiber optic dye amplifier 失效
标题翻译：光纤染料放大器
公开(公告)号：US4603940A
公开(公告)日：1986-08-05
申请号：US527946
申请日：1983-08-30
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Ralph A. Bergh , Wayne V. Sorin , Brian H. Kolner
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Ralph A. Bergh , Wayne V. Sorin , Brian H. Kolner
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , G02B6/28 , G02F1/17 , G02F1/19 , H01S3/06 , H01S3/067 , H01S3/07 , H01S3/091 , H01S3/0915 , H01S3/20 , H01S3/213 , G02B6/26 , G02B6/10 , G02B6/36
CPC分类号： G02B6/2821 , H01S3/06708 , H01S3/20 , H01S3/213
摘要： A fiber optic amplifier as disclosed, comprised of a fiber optic, monomode waveguide which has a core and cladding. Part of the cladding over a predetermined region is removed and replaced by an active medium capable of absorbing light energy at a first wavelength and emitting light energy at a second wavelength. The active medium is a lasing dye which has an index of refraction adjusted to be slightly less than the index of refraction of the fiber core. The amount of cladding which is removed is adjusted such that a predetermined amount of penetration of the evanescent field from a pump light signal coupled into an end of the fiber penetrates the active medium. A probe signal to be amplified causes stimulated emission from the excited dye molecules by penetration of its evanescent field into the dye in the region where the cladding is removed.In the preferred embodiment a recirculating pump is used to circulate dye through a cavity which is placed over the portion of the fiber where the cladding is removed. The dye molecules in contact with the surface caused by removal of the cladding are continually changed. A temperature control unit maintains the temperature of the dye such that its index of refraction remains tuned to an amount just less than the index of refraction of the core.
摘要翻译：公开的一种光纤放大器，包括具有芯和包层的光纤，单模波导。除去预定区域上的部分包层，并用能够吸收第一波长的光能并以第二波长发射光能的活性介质代替。活性介质是一种激光折射率，其折射率被调整为略小于纤维芯的折射率。被去除的包层的量被调整为使得从耦合到纤维的端部的泵浦光信号中的消逝场的预定量的穿透穿透活性介质。要被放大的探针信号通过在消除包层的区域中将其消逝场穿透到染料中，从而激发染料分子的受激发射。在优选实施例中，循环泵用于使染料循环通过空腔，所述空腔放置在去除了包层的纤维部分上。由去除包层引起的与表面接触的染料分子不断变化。温度控制单元保持染料的温度，使得其折射率保持调谐到刚好小于芯的折射率的量。

55. 发明授权

US4601541A Fiber optic directional coupler 失效
标题翻译：光纤定向耦合器
公开(公告)号：US4601541A
公开(公告)日：1986-07-22
申请号：US544079
申请日：1983-10-21
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , Ralph A. Bergh , George A. Kotler
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , Ralph A. Bergh , George A. Kotler
IPC分类号： G02B6/28 , G02B6/35 , G02B6/26
CPC分类号： G02B6/3502 , G02B6/2826 , G02B6/283 , G02B6/3536 , G02B6/3594 , Y10S359/90
摘要： Apparatus and method of manufacture for coupling optical power between two strands of fiber optic material in a given direction of propagation. The coupler employs generally parallel, intersecting strands of fiber optic material having the cladding removed on one side thereof to within a few microns of the fiber cores in the region of intersection to permit light transfer between the strands.
摘要翻译：用于在给定的传播方向上耦合光纤材料的两股之间的光功率的装置和方法。耦合器通常使光纤材料平行且相交的光纤材料束，其在其一侧上被除去的包层在交叉区域内的纤维芯的几微米内，以允许光纤之间的光传输。

56. 发明授权

US4560234A Fiber optic switchable coupler 失效
标题翻译：光纤可切换耦合器
公开(公告)号：US4560234A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-24
申请号：US523150
申请日：1983-08-15
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , Ralph A. Bergh , Michel J. F. Digonnet
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , Ralph A. Bergh , Michel J. F. Digonnet
IPC分类号： G02B26/08 , G02B6/28 , G02B6/35
CPC分类号： G02B6/3502 , G02B6/2821 , G02B6/2861 , G02B6/3588 , G02B6/3546 , G02B6/3578 , G02B6/3594
摘要： A pair of optical couplers are arranged in series with a pair of outputs from the first optical coupler supplying the pair of inputs to the second optical coupler. At least one of the optical fibers between the first and second couplers is arranged to have a variable length, said variation being at least one-half the wavelength of the light signal utilized within the system. When light is supplied to one input of the first coupler, this light can be switched selectively to either of the outputs of the second coupler by varying the length of one of the optical fibers between the couplers. Thus, a light signal supplied to either of the inputs of the first coupler can be selectively output at either of the outputs of the second coupler or can be made to alternate between these outputs in accordance with the length of the intervening optical fiber.
摘要翻译：一对光耦合器与来自第一光耦合器的一对输出串联布置，将一对输入端提供给第二光耦合器。第一和第二耦合器之间的光纤中的至少一个布置成具有可变长度，所述变化是系统内所使用的光信号的波长的至少一半。当光被提供给第一耦合器的一个输入端时，该光可以通过改变耦合器之间的一根光纤的长度来选择性地切换到第二耦合器的输出端。因此，提供给第一耦合器的任一输入端的光信号可以选择性地输出到第二耦合器的输出端，或者可以根据中间光纤的长度在这些输出端之间交替。

57. 发明授权

US4479701A Dual coupler fiber optic recirculating memory 失效
标题翻译：双耦合光纤再循环存储器
公开(公告)号：US4479701A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-30
申请号：US326215
申请日：1981-12-01
申请人： Steven A. Newton , John E. Bowers , Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： Steven A. Newton , John E. Bowers , Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： G11C21/00 , G01S7/285 , G02B6/00 , G02B6/28 , G02B5/172
CPC分类号： G02B6/29338 , G02B6/2821 , G02B6/2861 , G02B6/29332
摘要： A fiber optic recirculating memory is disclosed which utilizes dual couplers to form a splice-free recirculating memory device from a length of single mode optical fiber forming a loop which acts as a delay line and a second length of single mode optical fiber which provides an input end and an output end for the device. A single signal supplied as an input to the device will result in a series of output signals identical to the input signal, although at smaller, decreasing amplitudes; the invention prevents the first output signal from being substantially larger than the rest of the output signals, thus eliminating the need for protective circuitry on the output end or the rejection of the first output signal. In addition to being useful as a recirculating memory device for use in a system where data is generated at a rate faster than it can be accepted by a data processor, the invention may be used as a tap filter to pass a selected fundamental frequency and its harmonics, and to attenuate all other frequencies.
摘要翻译：公开了一种光纤再循环存储器，其利用双耦合器从一单一模式光纤的长度形成无拼接的循环存储器件，该单模光纤形成用作延迟线的环路和第二长度的单模光纤，其提供输入端和输出端。作为输入到设备的单个信号将产生与输入信号相同的一系列输出信号，尽管幅度较小，幅度较小。本发明防止第一输出信号显着地大于其余的输出信号，从而消除了在输出端上对保护电路的需要或第一输出信号的抑制。除了用作在数据以比数据处理器可以接受的速度更快的速度生成数据的系统中有用的本发明之外，本发明可以用作抽头滤波器以通过选定的基频，并且其谐波，并衰减所有其他频率。

58. 发明授权

US4462699A Fiber coupler temperature transducer 失效
标题翻译：光纤耦合器温度传感器
公开(公告)号：US4462699A
公开(公告)日：1984-07-31
申请号：US300954
申请日：1981-09-10
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , Michel J. F. Digonnet
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , Michel J. F. Digonnet
IPC分类号： G01D5/26 , G01D5/32 , G01D5/353 , G01K11/32 , G02B6/28 , G08C19/36 , G01J5/08 , G02B5/172
CPC分类号： G02B6/283 , G01D5/32 , G01K11/32 , G02B6/2826
摘要： A transducer for the measurement of temperature incorporates a fiber optic coupler having a coupling efficiency which varies in relation to the index of refraction of a thin layer of index matching liquid, such as index matching oil, placed between the optical fibers of the coupler. Since the index of refraction of the liquid varies predictably with temperature, the coupling efficiency of the transducer may be used to directly measure the temperature of the coupler and its surroundings.
摘要翻译：用于测量温度的换能器包括具有耦合效率的光纤耦合器，该耦合效率相对于放置在耦合器的光纤之间的折射率匹配液体（例如折射率匹配油）的薄层的折射率而变化。由于液体的折射率随温度而可预测地变化，所以传感器的耦合效率可用于直接测量耦合器及其周围环境的温度。

59. 再颁专利

USRE34604E Sensor using fiber interferometer 失效
标题翻译：传感器采用光纤干涉仪
公开(公告)号：USRE34604E
公开(公告)日：1994-05-10
申请号：US589061
申请日：1990-09-26
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： G01D5/353 , G01H9/00 , G01J9/02 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G01D5/35303 , G01H9/004 , G01J9/02 , G01J2009/0226
摘要： A closed loop optical fiber interferometer is used in sensing a quantity, Q, by applying a time varying or modulated measure of, Q, asymmetrically to the closed loop (24) and detecting phase shift between two counterpropagating optical signals in the closed loop. The closed loop (24) can be used in the sensing element or a separate sensor (68, 70) can develop a time varying signal which is then applied to the closed loop interferometer.
摘要翻译：闭环光纤干涉仪用于通过对闭环（24）不对称地应用时变或调制测量Q来检测数量Q，并检测闭环中两个反向传播光信号之间的相移。闭环（24）可以用在感测元件中，或者单独的传感器（68,70）可以产生随后施加到闭环干涉仪的时变信号。

60. 发明授权

US4801189A Birefringent fiber narrowband polarization coupler and method of coupling using same 失效
标题翻译：双折射光纤窄带偏振耦合器及其耦合方法
公开(公告)号：US4801189A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-31
申请号：US161375
申请日：1988-02-22
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , Robert C. Youngquist , Janet L. Brooks
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , Robert C. Youngquist , Janet L. Brooks
IPC分类号： G02B6/28 , G02B6/34 , G02F1/01 , G02B6/26 , G02B5/30
CPC分类号： G02B6/274 , G02B6/2766 , G02B6/2821 , G02F1/0134 , Y10S359/90
摘要： There is disclosed herein a fiber optic directional coupler for coupling light between two polarization modes. A highly birefringent fiber optic waveguide is positioned on a flat polished surface with either of the principal axes of birefringence oriented at an angle, preferably 45.degree., to the vertical. A ridged block is then pressed down on the fiber. The ridges of the block have longitudinal axes transverse to the longitudinal axis of the fiber. The width of the ridge faces is one-half beat length, and the spacing between the ridges in also one-half beat length. The stressed regions caused by the ridges cause coupling of light traveling in one polarization mode into the other polarization mode by abrupt shifting of the axes of birefringence at the boundaries of the stressed regions.
摘要翻译：这里公开了用于在两个偏振模式之间耦合光的光纤定向耦合器。高度双折射的光纤波导位于平坦抛光表面上，双折射的主轴线与垂直方向成一定角度，最好是45°。然后将一个脊状块压在纤维上。块的脊具有横向于纤维的纵向轴线的纵向轴线。脊面的宽度为半节拍长度，脊之间的间距也为半节拍长度。由脊部引起的应力区域通过在应力区域的边界处的双折射轴的突然移位而导致以一种偏振模式行进的光耦合到另一种偏振模式。

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