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1. 发明授权

US5351252A Technique of reducing the Kerr effect and extending the dynamic range in a Brillouin fiber optic gyroscope 失效
标题翻译：降低克尔效应并延长布里渊光纤陀螺仪动态范围的技术
公开(公告)号：US5351252A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-27
申请号：US23672
申请日：1993-02-26
申请人： Keiichiro Toyama , Byoung Y. Kim , Shangyuan Huang , Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： Keiichiro Toyama , Byoung Y. Kim , Shangyuan Huang , Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： G01C19/72 , H01S3/30 , H01S19/66 , H01S3/083
CPC分类号： H01S3/302 , G01C19/727
摘要： A Brillouin fiber optic gyroscope having a feedback system which monitors the difference between counterpropagating Brillouin intensities and utilizes this difference in the form of a correction signal to control one of the circulating pump intensities so as to equalize the circulating pump intensities. The Brillouin fiber optic gyroscope further includes a second feedback system which detects electrical signals proportional to the phase-modulated, counterpropagating intensities in the gyroscope, and utilizes a combination of the electrical signals as an error signal to stabilize the resonant cavity at a length substantially equal to a length midway between the resonant lengths of the counterpropagating pump signals. The Brillouin fiber optic gyroscope of the present invention also provides a dynamic range of the gyroscope rotation rate that is twice the dynamic range of existing gyroscopes.
摘要翻译：布里渊光纤陀螺仪具有反馈系统，该反馈系统监测反向传播布里渊强度之间的差异，并以校正信号的形式利用该差异来控制循环泵浦强度之一，以便均衡循环泵浦强度。布里渊光纤陀螺仪还包括第二反馈系统，其检测与陀螺仪中相位调制的反向传播强度成比例的电信号，并且利用电信号的组合作为误差信号，以使谐振腔在基本相等的长度在反向传播的泵浦信号的谐振长度之间的一段长度上。本发明的布里渊光纤陀螺仪还提供了陀螺仪旋转速率的动态范围，其是现有陀螺仪的动态范围的两倍。

2. 发明授权

US5311525A Nonlinear optical coupler using a doped optical waveguide 失效
标题翻译：使用掺杂光波导的非线性光耦合器
公开(公告)号：US5311525A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-10
申请号：US861322
申请日：1992-03-31
申请人： Richard H. Pantell , Robert W. Sadowski , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： Richard H. Pantell , Robert W. Sadowski , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： G02F1/35 , G02F1/365 , H01S3/067 , H01S3/07 , G02B6/26
CPC分类号： G02F1/365 , G02F1/3521 , H01S3/067 , H01S3/06783
摘要： An optical mode coupling apparatus includes an Erbium-doped optical waveguide in which an optical signal at a signal wavelength propagates in a first spatial propagation mode and a second spatial propagation mode of the waveguide. The optical signal propagating in the waveguide has a beat length. The coupling apparatus includes a pump source of perturbational light signal at a perturbational wavelength that propagates in the waveguide in the first spatial propagation mode. The perturbational signal has a sufficient intensity distribution in the waveguide that it causes a perturbation of the effective refractive index of the first spatial propagation mode of the waveguide in accordance with the optical Kerr effect. The perturbation of the effective refractive index of the first spatial propagation mode of the optical waveguide causes a change in the differential phase delay in the optical signal propagating in the first and second spatial propagation modes. The change in the differential phase delay is detected as a change in the intensity distribution between two lobes of the optical intensity distribution pattern of an output signal. The perturbational light signal can be selectively enabled and disabled to selectively change the intensity distribution in the two lobes of the optical intensity distribution pattern.
摘要翻译：光模耦合装置包括铒掺杂光波导，其中信号波长的光信号以波导的第一空间传播模式和第二空间传播模式传播。在波导中传播的光信号具有拍子长度。耦合装置包括在扰动波长处的扰动光信号的泵浦源，其在第一空间传播模式中在波导中传播。扰动信号在波导中具有足够的强度分布，其根据光学克尔效应引起波导的第一空间传播模式的有效折射率的扰动。光波导的第一空间传播模式的有效折射率的扰动导致在第一和第二空间传播模式中传播的光信号中的差分相位延迟的变化。差分相位延迟的变化被检测为输出信号的光强度分布图案的两个波瓣之间的强度分布的变化。扰动光信号可以选择性地启用和禁用，以选择性地改变光强度分布图案的两个波瓣中的强度分布。

3. 发明授权

US5048026A Fiber optic amplifier 失效
标题翻译：光纤放大器
公开(公告)号：US5048026A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-10
申请号：US191770
申请日：1988-05-04
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , Michel J. F. Digonnet
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , Michel J. F. Digonnet
IPC分类号： H01S3/067 , H01S3/094 , H01S3/0941
CPC分类号： H01S3/0941 , H01S3/094003 , H01S3/06745 , H01S3/094007 , H01S3/094019 , H01S3/094069
摘要： A side pumped, fiber optic amplifier comprises an optical fiber, having a first refractive index, formed of a laser material, such as Nd:YAG. A jacket, which surrounds the optical fiber, has a second refractive index, lower than the first refractive index. This jacket is cone shaped and tapers from a large end to a small end. High power laser diodes are mounted on the large end to introduce pump light to pump the optical fiber material. The cone-shaped jacket focuses this pump light to an interaction region at the small end, where the jacket material is quite thin, e.g. on the same order of magnitude as the diameter of the optical fiber. The focused light is absorbed by the optical fiber in this interaction region, and causes an electronic population inversion in the laser fiber material. A signal propagating through the optical fiber stimulates spontaneous emission from the optically excited laser material, thereby resulting in amplification of the signal.
摘要翻译：侧泵浦的光纤放大器包括具有第一折射率的光纤，由诸如Nd：YAG的激光材料形成。围绕光纤的护套具有比第一折射率低的第二折射率。这件夹克是锥形的，从大端到小端渐缩。大功率激光二极管安装在大端，引入泵浦光来泵浦光纤材料。锥形护套将该泵浦光聚焦到小端的相互作用区域，其中护套材料相当薄，例如，与光纤的直径相同的数量级。聚焦光在该相互作用区域被光纤吸收，并导致激光纤维材料中的电子群体反转。通过光纤传播的信号刺激光激发激光材料的自发发射，从而导致信号的放大。

4. 发明授权

US5022732A Fiber optic intermode coupling single sideband frequency shifter 失效
标题翻译：光纤模组耦合单边带变频器
公开(公告)号：US5022732A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-11
申请号：US342947
申请日：1989-04-25
申请人： Helge E. Engan , Byoung Y. Kim , James N. Blake , Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： Helge E. Engan , Byoung Y. Kim , James N. Blake , Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： G02B6/14 , G02B6/28 , G02F1/01
CPC分类号： G02B6/2821 , G02B6/14 , G02F1/0134
摘要： An optical fiber is subjected to a series of traveling flexural waves propagating along a length of the fiber. At least a portion of an optical signal propagating within the optical fiber in a first propagation mode is coupled to a second propagation mode. The optical signal in the second propagation mode has a frequency which is equal to either the sum of or the difference between the frequency of the optical signal in the first propagation mode and the frequency of the traveling flexural waves. The frequency of the optical signal in the second propagation mode is shifted upward or downward from the frequency of the optical signal in the first propagation mode as determined by the direction of propagation of the first optical signal with respect to the direction of propagation of the traveling flexural waves, and as also determined by whether the phase propagation velocity of the optical signal in the first propagation mode is greater than or less than the propagation velocity of the optical signal in the second propagation mode. An acoustic wave is induced in a generator having a gradual tapered cross-section. The generator preferably has the shape of a horn and is coaxially mounted with said optical fiber, so as to suppress the acoustic wave induced in the optical fiber in the reverse direction.
摘要翻译：光纤经受沿纤维长度传播的一系列行进弯曲波。以第一传播模式在光纤内传播的光信号的至少一部分耦合到第二传播模式。第二传播模式中的光信号具有等于第一传播模式中的光信号的频率与行进的弯曲波的频率的和之和的频率的频率。第二传播模式中的光信号的频率从第一传播模式中的光信号的频率向上或向下偏移，由第一光信号相对于传播的传播方向的传播方向确定弯曲波，并且还根据第一传播模式中的光信号的相位传播速度是否大于或小于第二传播模式中的光信号的传播速度来确定。在具有渐变锥形截面的发生器中感应出声波。发电机优选具有喇叭形状并且与所述光纤同轴安装，以便抑制在相反方向上在光纤中感应的声波。

5. 发明授权

US4773759A Interferometer with Kerr effect compensation 失效
标题翻译：干涉仪具有克尔效应补偿
公开(公告)号：US4773759A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-27
申请号：US049805
申请日：1987-05-12
申请人： Ralph A. Bergh , Brian Culshaw , Herve C. Lefevre , Herbert J. Shaw , C. Chapin Cutler
发明人： Ralph A. Bergh , Brian Culshaw , Herve C. Lefevre , Herbert J. Shaw , C. Chapin Cutler
IPC分类号： G01B9/02 , G01C19/72 , G01C19/64
CPC分类号： G01C19/72
摘要： A fiber optic interferometer provides Kerr effect compensation by intensity modulating counterpropagating waves of unequal intensity such that the average value of the square of the intensity is equal to a constant times the average value of the intensity squared, the constant preferably being equal to about two. The intensity modulation may be achieved by using a modulator in combination with a light source or by using a source in which plural frequencies combine to provide the modulation.
摘要翻译：光纤干涉仪通过强度调制不等强度的反向传播波提供克尔效应补偿，使得强度平方的平均值等于强度平方值的平均值的常数，该常数优选等于约2。可以通过使用与光源组合的调制器或通过使用多个频率组合以提供调制的源来实现强度调制。

6. 发明授权

US4768880A System and method for accurate loop length determination in fiber-optic sensors and signal processors 失效
标题翻译：光纤传感器和信号处理器的精确环路长度确定的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US4768880A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-06
申请号：US877321
申请日：1986-06-23
申请人： Moshe Tur , Byoung Y. Kim , Janet L. Brooks , Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： Moshe Tur , Byoung Y. Kim , Janet L. Brooks , Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： G01D5/353 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G01D5/35303
摘要： A technique and system for accurate determination of differential propagation delays in fiber-optic circuits. The method includes providing a sinusoidally modulated optical signal to each of two waveguides defining optical paths. The optical signals received from the optical paths are combined to form a reference output signal which has a null waveform whenever the propagation delay between the optical signals contains an odd number of half periods of the optical signal waveforms. The difference in the sinusoidal modulation frequency producing a first and second null or constant waveform in the reference signal is determined. This difference value between adjacent frequencies forming the null or constant waveforms comprises the inverse of the difference of signal propagation delay in the two optical paths. Accuracy is improved by measuring the sinusoidal modulation frequencies corresponding to first and second waveforms which are not formed by adjacent frequencies. The difference between those nonadjacent frequencies is divided by the difference in the reference waveform orders of the null reference waveforms to obtain the inverse of the differential propagation delay. Further accuracy is achieved by measuring at least one of the waveform nulls at a high waveform order. Still further accuracy is achieved by monitoring the reference waveforms on a network analyzer and using a frequency synthesizer to more precisely match and identify the modulation frequencies corresponding to the null reference signal waveforms. A system is disclosed for implementing this technique optionally using optical sources having a short coherence length. Mathematical relationships are disclosed for use with measured values in obtaining further improved accuracy.
摘要翻译：一种用于精确确定光纤电路差分传播延迟的技术和系统。该方法包括向定义光路的两个波导中的每一个提供正弦调制光信号。每当光信号中的传播延迟包含光信号波形的奇数个半周期时，从光路接收的光信号被组合以形成具有零波形的参考输出信号。确定在参考信号中产生第一和第二无效或恒定波形的正弦调制频率的差异。形成零波形或恒定波形的相邻频率之间的差值包括两个光路中的信号传播延迟差的倒数。通过测量对应于不由相邻频率形成的第一和第二波形的正弦调制频率来提高精度。这些不相邻频率之间的差异除以空参考波形的参考波形次数的差异，以获得差分传播延迟的倒数。通过以高波形顺序测量至少一个波形零点来实现进一步的精度。通过监视网络分析仪上的参考波形并使用频率合成器更精确地匹配和识别与空参考信号波形相对应的调制频率，可以进一步提高精度。公开了一种用于实现该技术的系统，其可选地使用具有短相干长度的光源。公开了与测量值一起使用的数学关系，以获得进一步提高的准确度。

7. 发明授权

US4768850A Cascaded fiber optic lattice filter 失效
标题翻译：级联光纤晶格滤波器
公开(公告)号：US4768850A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-06
申请号：US622637
申请日：1984-06-20
申请人： Behzad M. R. Moslehi , Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： Behzad M. R. Moslehi , Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： G02B6/28 , H04L25/03 , G02B6/26
CPC分类号： H04L25/03057 , G02B6/2861
摘要： A fibre optic lattice filter having a transfer function wherein the poles and zeros are adjustable independently of each other. The filter comprises a cascaded configuration of recursive and non-recursive fiber optic lattice filters. In one preferred embodiment, an all-pass fiber optic filter is formed by cascading all-pole and all-zero lattice filters, and by processing the resulting filtered output signal in a subtractive detection system. This detection system produces a signal which represents the difference between two signal outputs provided by the all-zero filter section, and which is adjustable in magnitude, thereby providing an overall filtering function which is capable of handling both positive and negative valued input signals.
摘要翻译：一种具有传递函数的光纤格栅滤波器，其中极点和零点彼此独立地调节。滤波器包括递归和非递归光纤网格滤波器的级联配置。在一个优选实施例中，全通光纤滤波器通过级联全极点和全零点阵滤波器，并通过在减法检测系统中处理所得到的滤波输出信号来形成。该检测系统产生一个信号，该信号表示由全零滤波器部分提供的两个信号输出之间的差异，其可在幅度上调节，从而提供能够处理正值和负值输入信号的整体滤波功能。

8. 发明授权

US4738503A In-line fiber optic memory 失效
标题翻译：在线光纤存储器
公开(公告)号：US4738503A
公开(公告)日：1988-04-19
申请号：US828782
申请日：1986-02-12
申请人： Emmanuel Desurvire , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： Emmanuel Desurvire , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , G02B6/24 , G02B6/28 , G02F1/35 , G11C21/00 , H01S3/00 , H01S3/30 , G02B5/172
CPC分类号： G02B6/24 , G02B6/2821 , G02B6/2861 , G11C21/00 , H01S3/0057 , H01S3/302 , G02F2203/54 , H01S2301/08 , Y10S359/90
摘要： A fiber optic recirculating memory comprises a splice-free length of optical fiber which forms a loop that is optically closed by means of a fiber optic coupler. The coupler couples an optical signal input pulse to the loop for circulation therein, and outputs a portion of the signal pulse on each circulation to provide a series of output pulses. A pump source is included to pump the fiber loop with a pump signal having sufficient intensity to cause stimulated Raman scattering in the fiber loop, and thereby cause amplification of the circulating signal pulse. The fiber characteristics, coupler characteristics, and a pump power are selected to yield a Raman gain which compensates for the total round-trip losses in the fiber loop, so as to provide an output pulse train of constant amplitude pulses. The invention may be implemented utilizing a standard coupler with a pump signal modulation technique. The pump signal is input to the loop as a series of pulses having a duration and a periodicity chosen to prevent overlap of recirculating pump pulses with input pump pulses until at least two circulations of the loop, which minimizes pump power fluctuations and will therefore enhance output signal stability.
摘要翻译：光纤再循环存储器包括无接头长度的光纤，其形成通过光纤耦合器光闭合的环路。耦合器将光信号输入脉冲耦合到环路以在其中循环，并且在每个循环上输出信号脉冲的一部分以提供一系列输出脉冲。包括泵浦源以用具有足够强度的泵浦信号泵送光纤环，以在光纤回路中引起受激拉曼散射，从而引起循环信号脉冲的放大。选择光纤特性，耦合器特性和泵浦功率以产生拉曼增益，其补偿光纤环路中的总往返损耗，从而提供恒定幅度脉冲的输出脉冲串。本发明可以利用具有泵浦信号调制技术的标准耦合器来实现。泵浦信号作为一系列具有持续时间和周期性的脉冲输入到循环中，以防止循环泵浦脉冲与输入泵浦脉冲的重叠，直到循环的至少两个循环，这最小化泵浦功率波动并且因此将增强输出信号稳定。

9. 发明授权

US4723827A Fiber optic switch and discretely variable delay line 失效
标题翻译：光纤开关和离散可变延迟线
公开(公告)号：US4723827A
公开(公告)日：1988-02-09
申请号：US628650
申请日：1984-06-19
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , John E. Bowers
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , John E. Bowers
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , G02B6/28 , H04B10/02 , G02B6/26
CPC分类号： G02B6/2826 , G02B6/283 , G02B6/2861
摘要： A single mode optical fiber switch having a base (70) and a laterally slidable top (91). The base is composed of a quartz block (70) with a slight radius of curvature along its length supporting a silicon substrate (66) having a plurality of parallel v-grooves (68). The grooves are fitted with single mode optical fiber segments (64) and lapped to create a flat coupling surface (82) extending laterally across the base. The top (91) is composed of a quartz block with a single v-groove (93) holding a segment of single-mode fiber (95). This fiber (95) is lapped to create a flat coupling surface matable with the coupling surface on the base. The base (70) and top (91) are placed together such that the top fiber (95) may be selectively slid into and out of coupling alignment with any of the fibers (64) in the base (70) to form a discretely variable delay line. A single length of fiber (121) is wrapped around the base ( 70) in helical fashion with each loop being secured in one of the v-grooves (68). By coupling the top fiber (95) with different loops of the base fibers (121), different amounts of delay can be obtained. The delay line can be used to provide variable frequency response for notch and transversal filters.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US82 / 01608 Sec。 371日期1984年6月19日 102（e）1984年6月19日PCT PCT卷号1982年11月12日PCT公布。公开号WO84 / 02005 日期：1984年5月24日。具有基座（70）和横向滑动顶部（91）的单模光纤开关。基座由石英块（70）组成，石英块（70）沿其长度具有微小的曲率半径，支撑具有多个平行V形槽（68）的硅衬底（66）。凹槽配有单模光纤段（64）并重叠，以形成横向延伸穿过底座的平坦的耦合表面（82）。顶部（91）由具有保持单模光纤（95）的单个v形槽（93）的石英块组成。该纤维（95）被研磨以产生可与基底上的联接表面配合的平坦的联接表面。基部（70）和顶部（91）被放置在一起，使得顶部纤维（95）可以选择性地滑入和离开与基部（70）中的任何纤维（64）的联接对准，以形成离散变量延迟线。单个长度的纤维（121）以螺旋方式围绕基部（70）缠绕，每个环被固定在一个V形槽（68）中。通过将顶部纤维（95）与基础纤维（121）的不同环耦合，可以获得不同的延迟量。延迟线可用于为陷波和横向滤波器提供可变频率响应。

10. 发明授权

US4652079A High speed pulse train generator 失效
标题翻译：高速脉冲发电机
公开(公告)号：US4652079A
公开(公告)日：1987-03-24
申请号：US527163
申请日：1983-08-26
申请人： Herbert J. Shaw , Steven A. Newton
发明人： Herbert J. Shaw , Steven A. Newton
IPC分类号： H04B10/00 , G02B6/26 , G02B6/28 , G02B6/287 , H01J3/04 , H03K3/86
CPC分类号： G02B6/264 , G02B6/2861 , H03K3/86 , Y10S359/90
摘要： There is disclosed a high speed pulse train generator for generating a train of pulses having arbitrarily close spacing. The apparatus consists of a generator loop comprised of a fiber optic waveguide looped through a directional coupler with the output fiber serving as the input fiber for a similarly structured multiplexer loop. The lengths of the two loops are adjusted such that the time difference in the propagation times of light around the respective loops is small compared to the time of propagation around either loop. The times are adjusted to obtain any arbitrary spacing of the pulses in the output pulse train which is comprised of interleaved pulse trains resulting from each pulse input to the multiplexer loop. Also disclosed is a single loop embodiment for bidirectional data rate transformation and methods of using all the embodiments.
摘要翻译：公开了一种高速脉冲串发生器，用于产生具有任意紧密间隔的脉冲串。该装置包括一个发生器回路，该发生器回路包括一个通过定向耦合器环绕的光纤波导，输出光纤用作类似结构的多路复用器回路的输入光纤。调整两个环路的长度，使得相对于各个环路周围的光的传播时间的时间差与围绕任一环路的传播时间相比较小。调整时间以获得输出脉冲串中的脉冲的任意间隔，其由输入到多路复用器环路的每个脉冲产生的交错脉冲串组成。还公开了用于双向数据速率变换的单回路实施例和使用所有实施例的方法。

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