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41. 发明申请

US20080227139A1 SYSTEM, METHOD AND APPLICATIONS INVOLVING IDENTIFICATION OF BIOLOGICAL CIRCUITS SUCH AS NEUROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS 有权
标题翻译：涉及生物电路鉴定的系统，方法和应用如神经学特征
公开(公告)号：US20080227139A1
公开(公告)日：2008-09-18
申请号：US12031651
申请日：2008-02-14
申请人： Karl Deisseroth , Raag D. Airan , Leslie A. Meltzer
发明人： Karl Deisseroth , Raag D. Airan , Leslie A. Meltzer
IPC分类号： C12Q1/02 , C12M1/42 , C12M1/34
CPC分类号： A61B5/0059 , A61B5/4848 , G01N21/21 , G01N21/6452 , G01N2021/217 , G01N2021/218
摘要： Various aspects are directed to systems and methods for assessing neural activity of a neural region having multiple subfields. In certain embodiments, a method includes evoking a cellular electrical response in at least one subfield due to neural activity in the neural region, capturing image data of the electrical response at a level sufficiently detailed in space and time to differentiate between polarization-based events of two respective portions of the subfield, and then assessing neural activity by correlating space and time information, from the captured data, for the two respective portions of the sub-field. Other more specific aspects of the invention involve different preparation and neural stimulation approaches which can vary depending on the application.
摘要翻译：各个方面涉及用于评估具有多个子区域的神经区域的神经活动的系统和方法。在某些实施例中，一种方法包括由于神经区域中的神经活动而在至少一个子场中唤起细胞电响应，以在空间和时间上足够详细的水平捕获电响应的图像数据，以区分基于偏振的事件子场的两个相应部分，然后根据所捕获的数据，对子场的两个相应部分相关联空间和时间信息来评估神经活动。本发明的其它更具体的方面涉及不同的准备和神经刺激方法，其可根据应用而变化。

42. 发明授权

US07295300B1 Detecting surface pits 有权
标题翻译：检测表面凹坑
公开(公告)号：US07295300B1
公开(公告)日：2007-11-13
申请号：US11237257
申请日：2005-09-28
申请人： Laurie Bechtler , Vamsi Velidandla , Steven W. Meeks
发明人： Laurie Bechtler , Vamsi Velidandla , Steven W. Meeks
IPC分类号： G01N21/00
CPC分类号： G01N21/9501 , G01N21/94 , G01N21/9503 , G01N2021/218
摘要： A system to detect pits in a surface comprises first and second radiation targeting assemblies to target a second radiation beam onto a surface, a first radiation collecting assembly that collects radiation scattered from the surface, a processor coupled to the first radiation collecting assembly, a memory module coupled to the processor and comprising logic instructions which, when executed by the processor, configure the processor to generate a first signal from radiation scattered from the first radiation beam, generate a second signal from radiation scattered from the second radiation beam, record the first signal and the second signal at an array of different positions on the surface, calculate a median value for the first signal and the second signal over the array of different positions on the surface, and use the first signal, the second signal, and the median value to detect pits in the surface.
摘要翻译：用于检测表面中的凹坑的系统包括将第二辐射束瞄准到表面上的第一和第二辐射瞄准组件，收集从表面散射的辐射的第一辐射收集组件，耦合到第一辐射收集组件的处理器，存储器模块，其耦合到所述处理器并且包括逻辑指令，所述逻辑指令在被所述处理器执行时配置所述处理器以从所述第一辐射束散射的辐射生成第一信号，从所述第二辐射束散射的辐射产生第二信号，信号和表面上不同位置的阵列上的第二信号，计算表面上不同位置阵列上的第一信号和第二信号的中值，并使用第一信号，第二信号和中值值以检测表面中的凹坑。

43. 发明申请

US20060001876A1 Systems and methods for chiroptical heterodyning 失效
标题翻译：手性外差的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20060001876A1
公开(公告)日：2006-01-05
申请号：US11168295
申请日：2005-06-29
申请人： Phillip Gibbs , Jason Beebe
发明人： Phillip Gibbs , Jason Beebe
IPC分类号： G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G01J3/2803 , G01N21/1717 , G01N21/21 , G01N2021/218
摘要： An apparatus and method for improved detection of a chiral property of a sample begins with a probe beam of light having a first modulation frequency ω and is further modulated with a second modulation frequency φ. A non-linear photo-detector, which may include multiple detector portions to form a balanced receiver, mixes the first modulation with the second modulation to analyze frequency components at inter-modulated sidebands, where the level of the inter-modulated sidebands are related to the chiroptical property of the sample. The inter-modulated sidebands may be the additive sidebands or the subtractive sidebands. A lock-in detector can be used to receive a signal output from the non-linear photo-detector and generate the modulation signals at the different modulating frequencies. Furthermore, the non-linear photo-detector may analyze a ratio of the inter-modulated sideband levels, such as (φ+2ω)/(φ+ω), to yield a signal that is linearly related to the chiral property of the sample.
摘要翻译：用于改进样品手性性质检测的装置和方法以具有第一调制频率ω的探测光束开始，并且用第二调制频率phi进一步调制。可以包括多个检测器部分以形成平衡接收器的非线性光检测器将第一调制与第二调制混合，以分析调制后边带处的频率分量，其中相互调制的边带的电平与样本的手性属性。相互调制的边带可以是加性边带或减法边带。锁定检测器可用于接收来自非线性光电检测器的信号输出，并产生不同调制频率的调制信号。此外，非线性光检测器可以分析诸如（phi + 2omega）/（phi +ω）之间的调制调制边带等级的比率，以产生与样品的手性特征线性相关的信号。

44. 发明授权

US06046805A Method and apparatus for transfusing liquid specimen for optical characteristic measurement and polarimeter using the same 失效
标题翻译：用于输入液体试样以进行光学特性测量的方法和装置及使用其的偏振仪
公开(公告)号：US06046805A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-04
申请号：US159502
申请日：1998-09-23
申请人： Tatsurou Kawamura , Jinsei Miyazaki
发明人： Tatsurou Kawamura , Jinsei Miyazaki
IPC分类号： G01J4/04 , G01N1/00 , G01N21/05 , G01N21/11 , G01N21/21 , G01N33/493 , G01N21/01 , G01J4/00
CPC分类号： G01N21/11 , G01N21/21 , G01N1/14 , G01N2021/054 , G01N2021/115 , G01N2021/218
摘要： An apparatus and a method for transfusing liquid specimen for an optical characteristic measurement, which is excellent in operability and handling, and capable of introducing a liquid specimen into a sample cell without detaching the cell from an optical characteristic measurement apparatus and without bubbling, as well as a polarimeter are disclosed. According to the present invention, the specimen can be introduced into the sample cell without detaching the sample cell from the equipment, in a way of connecting the bottom of the sample cell with a reservoir for temporarily accommodating the liquid specimen through a tubular path, then varying a difference in the levels of the sample cell and the reservoir, or a way of using a syringe arranged in the tubular path. At expelling the specimen from the sample cell, the specimen is transfused into the reservoir in a similar manner.
摘要翻译：用于输入用于光学特性测量的液体试样的装置和方法，其操作性和操作性优异，并且能够将液体试样引入样品池中，而不会将细胞从光学特性测量装置分离并且不起泡作为偏光计被公开。根据本发明，可以将样品池中的样品池从设备中分离出来，以将样品池的底部与用于通过管状路径暂时容纳液体试样的储存器连接的方式将样品引入样品池中，然后改变样品池和储存器的水平差，或者使用布置在管状路径中的注射器的方式。在样品池中排出样品时，样品以类似的方式输入储存器。

45. 发明授权

US5235404A Interferometric technique for measurement of nonreciprocal optical effects in a sample 失效
标题翻译：用于测量样品中非互易光学效应的干涉测量技术
公开(公告)号：US5235404A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-10
申请号：US722338
申请日：1991-06-27
申请人： Martin M. Fejer , Aharon Kapitulnik , Kenneth A. Fesler
发明人： Martin M. Fejer , Aharon Kapitulnik , Kenneth A. Fesler
IPC分类号： G01B9/02 , G01J9/02 , G01N21/21 , G02B21/00
CPC分类号： G01N21/21 , G02B21/002 , G01J2009/0261 , G01J2009/0273 , G01N2021/216 , G01N2021/218
摘要： A method and apparatus for measuring nonreciprocal optical effects contemplates directing two circularly polarized optical beams having a known phase relation to each other at a sample, and detecting the difference in phase between the two beams after they have encountered the sample. In a transmission measurement the two circularly polarized beams have the same handedness, but pass through the sample in opposite directions. In a reflection measurement, the two circularly polarized beams have opposite handedness, but encounter the sample in the same direction. In a particular embodiment of the invention a linearly polarized beam is introduced into a Sagnac interferometer and split into two linearly polarized beams which are ultimately recombined.
摘要翻译：用于测量不可逆光学效应的方法和装置预期在样本处引导具有彼此已知相位关系的两个圆偏振光束，并且在两个光束遇到样本之后检测两相之间的相位差。在透射测量中，两个圆偏振光束具有相同的螺旋性，但是在相反方向穿过样品。在反射测量中，两个圆偏振光束具有相反的手性，但是在相同方向上遇到样品。在本发明的一个具体实施例中，线性偏振光束被引入到Sagnac干涉仪中，并被分成两个最终重组的线性偏振光束。

46. 发明授权

US5045701A Infrared spectropolarimeter 失效
标题翻译：红外分光计
公开(公告)号：US5045701A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-03
申请号：US413414
申请日：1989-09-27
申请人： Dennis H. Goldstein , Russell A. Chipman
发明人： Dennis H. Goldstein , Russell A. Chipman
IPC分类号： G01J3/447 , G01J3/453 , G01N21/21 , G01N21/35
CPC分类号： G01J3/447 , G01J3/453 , G01N2021/218 , G01N2021/3595
摘要： An infrared spectropolarimeter system for making spectroscopic measurements of electro-optic properties of materials over a large wavelength range in the infrared is described which comprises in combination a spectrometer having a sample region for receiving a sample for making spectroscopic measurements thereon and a source of light for providing a sample beam of selected wavelength for projection through the sample region, the sample region defined between a first focusing element for selectively focusing the sample beam within the sample region and a second focusing element for collimating the sample beam and providing an output beam for analysis, first and second polarizers between the focusing elements with the sample region therebetween for selectively polarizing the sample beam, first and second rotatable optical retarders between the polarizers with the sample region therebetween for selectively retarding one linear polarization component with respect to the orthogonal component of the sample beam, and a detector for analyzing the output beam.
摘要翻译：描述了用于对在红外线中的大波长范围内的材料进行光学特性的光谱测量的红外分光偏光计系统，其包括具有用于接收用于在其上进行光谱测量的样品的样品区域的光谱仪和用于在其上进行光谱测量的光源提供用于通过采样区域的投影的所选波长的采样光束，在用于选择性地聚焦采样区域内的采样光束的第一聚焦元件和用于准直采样光束的第二聚焦元件之间限定的采样区域，并提供用于分析的输出光束在聚焦元件之间的第一和第二偏振器与其间的样品区域用于选择性地使样品光束偏振;偏振器之间的第一和第二可旋转光学延迟器，其间具有样品区域，用于相对于正交成分选择性地延迟一个线性偏振分量 t，以及用于分析输出光束的检测器。

47. 发明授权

US4410277A Apparatus for detecting magneto-optical anisotropy 失效
标题翻译：用于检测磁光各向异性的装置
公开(公告)号：US4410277A
公开(公告)日：1983-10-18
申请号：US201483
申请日：1980-06-30
申请人： Manabu Yamamoto , Masahiro Ojima
发明人： Manabu Yamamoto , Masahiro Ojima
IPC分类号： G01N21/21 , G02F1/09 , G11B7/09 , G11B11/105 , G11C13/06 , G01J4/04
CPC分类号： G02F1/09 , G01N21/21 , G11B11/10515 , G11B11/10545 , G11B7/0908 , G11B7/0917 , G11C13/06 , G01N2021/218
摘要： This invention relates to an apparatus for detecting magneto-optical anisotropy which can be utilized as an information reproduction apparatus for detecting information recorded on a magnetic medium. The apparatus consists of a light source (10), a magneto-optically anisotropic medium (20), a polarization analyzer (33A) and a light detector (34). To avoid the information reproduction by means of the linearly polarized light as in the prior art, the apparatus of the present invention reproduces the information using the light source (10) which generates the elliptically polarized light. This makes it possible to reproduce the information having a high signal-to-noise ratio.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / JP79 / 00272 Sec。 371日期1980年6月30日第 102（e）1980年6月30日PCT申请日，1979年10月26日PCT公布。出版物WO80 / 01016 PCT 日期：1980年5月15日。本发明涉及一种用于检测磁光各向异性的装置，其可以用作用于检测记录在磁介质上的信息的信息再现装置。该装置由光源（10），磁光学各向异性介质（20），偏振分析器（33A）和光检测器（34）组成。为了避免如现有技术中的线性偏振光的信息再现，本发明的装置使用产生椭圆偏振光的光源（10）再现信息。这使得可以再现具有高信噪比的信息。

48. 发明授权

US3653767A Particle size distribution measurement using polarized light of a plurality of wavelengths 失效
标题翻译：使用极化波长的极化光的颗粒尺寸分布测量
公开(公告)号：US3653767A
公开(公告)日：1972-04-04
申请号：US3653767D
申请日：1968-11-12
申请人： AMERICAN STANDARD INC
发明人： LISKOWITZ JOHN W
IPC分类号： B22D11/06 , G01N15/02 , G01N21/21 , G01N21/49 , G01N21/00 , G01N21/40
CPC分类号： G01N15/0205 , B22D11/0602 , G01N15/02 , G01N21/21 , G01N21/49 , G01N2021/218 , G01N2021/4792
摘要： This invention relates to the determination of particle size distributions in fluid mediums; and more particularly, to the use of a system in which polarized light is scattered by the particles and therefore depolarized, and the degree of depolarization is related to the particle size and wave-length of the light. In one form of the invention, the intensity of light which has its optical axis normal to that of the polarized light and which has been scattered in a backward direction, is measured and compared with the intensity of light which has its optical axis parallel to that of the polarized light and which has been scattered in the aforesaid direction. The ratio of the intensity of the normal polarity light to the parallel polarity light represents the degree of depolarization of the scattered light. The wave-length of the polarized light is varied while the concentration of particles in the fluid is held in constant. The particle size distribution is determined from changes in the degree of depolarization.

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