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31. 发明授权

US5607335A Fabrication of electron-emitting structures using charged-particle tracks and removal of emitter material 失效
标题翻译：使用带电粒子迹线制造电子发射结构并去除发射极材料
公开(公告)号：US5607335A
公开(公告)日：1997-03-04
申请号：US269311
申请日：1994-06-29
申请人： Christopher J. Spindt , John M. Macaulay
发明人： Christopher J. Spindt , John M. Macaulay
IPC分类号： H01J9/02
CPC分类号： H01J9/025
摘要： An electron emitter suitable for a flat-panel CRT display is fabricated by a process in which charged particles are passed through a track layer (144) to create charged-particle tracks (146.sub.1). The track layer is etched along the tracks to form apertures (148.sub.1) that are employed in defining corresponding cap regions (150A) over an underlying emitter layer (142). After removing the track layer, part of the emitter layer is removed using the cap regions as masks to control the extent of the emitter material removed. Electron-emissive elements (142D), typically in the shape of cones, are thereby formed in the remainder (142C) of the emitter layer. The electron emitter can also be provided with a gate electrode (158C).
摘要翻译：适用于平板CRT显示器的电子发射器通过使带电粒子通过轨道层（144）以形成带电粒子轨迹（1461）的工艺来制造。沿着轨道蚀刻轨道层以形成用于在下面的发射极层（142）上方限定对应的盖区域（150A）的孔（1481）。在去除轨道层之后，使用盖区域作为掩模去除部分发射极层，以控制去除发射极材料的程度。因此，在发射极层的其余部分（142C）中形成通常为锥体形状的电子发射元件（142D）。电子发射体也可以设置有栅电极（158C）。

32. 发明授权

US5552659A Structure and fabrication of gated electron-emitting device having electron optics to reduce electron-beam divergence 失效
标题翻译：具有电子光学器件的门控电子发射器件的结构和制造以减少电子束发散
公开(公告)号：US5552659A
公开(公告)日：1996-09-03
申请号：US269312
申请日：1994-06-29
申请人： John M. Macaulay , Christopher J. Spindt , Patrick A. Corcoran , Lee H. Veneklasen
发明人： John M. Macaulay , Christopher J. Spindt , Patrick A. Corcoran , Lee H. Veneklasen
IPC分类号： H01J3/02 , H01J1/02
CPC分类号： H01J3/022 , H01J2201/30403 , H01J2201/30457 , H01J2329/00
摘要： An electron emitter contains a gate layer (38), an underlying dielectric layer (36), an intermediate non-insulating layer (34) situated below the dielectric layer, and a lower non-insulating region (32) situated below the intermediate non-insulating layer. A multiplicity of electron-emissive particles (42) are situated over the non-insulating region at the bottom of an opening (40) extending through the three layers. The ratio of the thickness of the dielectric layer to the thickness of the intermediate non-insulating layer is in the range of 1:1 to 4:1, while the ratio of the mean diameter of the opening to the thickness of the intermediate non-insulating layer is in the range 1:1 to 10:1. The presence of the intermediate non-insulating layer improves the collimation of the beam of electrons emitted from the electron-emissive elements. The electron emitter is manufactured according to a simple, readily controllable process.
摘要翻译：电子发射器包括栅极层（38），下面的介电层（36），位于电介质层下面的中间非绝缘层（34）和位于中间非绝缘层下面的下部非绝缘区域（32）绝缘层。多个电子发射颗粒（42）位于延伸穿过三层的开口（40）底部的非绝缘区域的上方。介电层的厚度与中间非绝缘层的厚度之比在1：1至4：1的范围内，而开口的平均直径与中间非绝缘层的厚度之比绝缘层的范围为1：1至10：1。中间非绝缘层的存在改善了从电子发射元件发射的电子束的准直。电子发射器是根据简单易操控制造的。

33. 发明授权

US5914150A Formation of polycarbonate film with apertures determined by etching charged-particle tracks 失效
标题翻译：通过蚀刻带电粒子轨迹确定孔径的聚碳酸酯膜的形成
公开(公告)号：US5914150A
公开(公告)日：1999-06-22
申请号：US807456
申请日：1997-02-28
申请人： Jack D. Porter , Scott J. Crane , Stephanie J. Oberg , Anthony W. Johnson , Christopher J. Spindt , John M. Macaulay
发明人： Jack D. Porter , Scott J. Crane , Stephanie J. Oberg , Anthony W. Johnson , Christopher J. Spindt , John M. Macaulay
IPC分类号： C08J3/09 , C08J5/18 , H01J9/02 , B05D5/12
CPC分类号： C08J3/096 , C08J3/09 , C08J5/18 , H01J9/025 , C08J2369/00 , H01J2329/00
摘要： A technique for creating openings in a polycarbonate film entails providing a liquid chemical formulation that contains polycarbonate material, a liquid that dissolves the polycarbonate, and possibly one or more other constituents. The liquid is typically capable of dissolving the polycarbonate to a concentration of at least 1% at 20.degree. C. and 1 atmosphere. Examples of the liquid include pyridine, a ring-substituted pyridine derivative, pyrrole, a ring-substituted pyrrole derivative, pyrrolidine, a pyrrolidine derivative, chlorobenzene, and cyclohexanone. A liquid film (36A) of the chemical formulation is formed over a substructure (30) and processed to remove the liquid, thereby converting the liquid film into a solid polycarbonate track layer (38). Charged particles (70) are passed through the track layer to form charged-particle tracks (72) at least partway through the layer. Apertures (74) are created through the track layer by a process that entails etching along the tracks. The aperture-containing polycarbonate track layer is typically employed in fabricating a gated electron-emitting device.
摘要翻译：用于在聚碳酸酯膜中形成开口的技术需要提供含有聚碳酸酯材料，溶解聚碳酸酯的液体以及可能的一种或多种其它组分的液体化学制剂。该液体通常能够在20℃和1个大气压下将聚碳酸酯溶解至少1％的浓度。液体的实例包括吡啶，环取代的吡啶衍生物，吡咯，环取代的吡咯衍生物，吡咯烷，吡咯烷衍生物，氯苯和环己酮。化学制剂的液体膜（36A）形成在子结构（30）上并被处理以除去液体，从而将液膜转化为固体聚碳酸酯轨道层（38）。带电粒子（70）通过轨道层，以形成至少一部分穿过该层的带电粒子轨道（72）。通过沿着轨道进行蚀刻的过程，通过轨道层创建孔径（74）。含孔聚碳酸酯轨道层通常用于制造门控电子发射器件。

34. 发明授权

US07403175B1 Methods and systems for compensating row-to-row brightness variations of a field emission display 失效
标题翻译：用于补偿场发射显示器的行到行亮度变化的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US07403175B1
公开(公告)日：2008-07-22
申请号：US10969494
申请日：2004-10-19
申请人： James C. Dunphy , William Cummings , Christopher J. Spindt , Ronald L. Hansen , Jun (Gordon) Liu , Lee Cressi , Colin Stanners
发明人： James C. Dunphy , William Cummings , Christopher J. Spindt , Ronald L. Hansen , Jun (Gordon) Liu , Lee Cressi , Colin Stanners
IPC分类号： G09G3/22
CPC分类号： G09G3/22 , G09G2320/0233 , G09G2320/0285
摘要： Methods for compensating for brightness variations in a field emission device. In one embodiment, a method and system are described for measuring the relative brightness of rows of a field emission display (FED) device, storing information representing the measured brightness into a correction table and using the correction table to provide uniform row brightness in the display by adjusting row voltages and/or row on-time periods. A special measurement process is described for providing accurate current measurements on the rows. This embodiment compensates for brightness variations of the rows, e.g., for rows near the spacer walls. In another embodiment, a periodic signal, e.g., a high frequency noise signal, is added to the row on-time pulse in order to camouflage brightness variations in the rows near the spacer walls. In another embodiment, the area under the row on-time pulse is adjusted to provide row-by-row brightness compensation based on correction values stored in a memory resident correction table. In another embodiment, the brightness of each row is measured and compiled into a data profile for the FED. The data profile is used to control cathode burn-in processes so that brightness variations are corrected by physically altering the characteristics of the emitters of the rows.
摘要翻译：补偿场致发射装置的亮度变化的方法。在一个实施例中，描述了用于测量场发射显示（FED）装置的行的相对亮度的方法和系统，将表示测量的亮度的信息存储到校正表中，并且使用校正表在显示器中提供均匀的行亮度通过调整行电压和/或行导通时间周期。描述了一种特殊的测量过程，用于在行上提供精确的电流测量。该实施例补偿行的亮度变化，例如用于靠近隔离壁的行。在另一个实施例中，周期性信号，例如高频噪声信号，被添加到行准时脉冲，以伪装靠近隔离壁的行中的亮度变化。在另一实施例中，根据存储在存储器驻留校正表中的校正值，调整行导通时间脉冲之下的面积以提供逐行亮度补偿。在另一个实施例中，测量每行的亮度并将其编译成用于FED的数据简档。数据轮廓用于控制阴极老化过程，从而通过物理地改变行的发射器的特性来校正亮度变化。

35. 发明授权

US07099065B2 Micromirrors with OFF-angle electrodes and stops 有权
公开(公告)号：US07099065B2
公开(公告)日：2006-08-29
申请号：US10437776
申请日：2003-05-13
申请人： Satyadev Patel , Andrew G. Huibers , Christopher J. Spindt , Peter J. Heureux
发明人： Satyadev Patel , Andrew G. Huibers , Christopher J. Spindt , Peter J. Heureux
IPC分类号： G02B26/00
CPC分类号： B81B3/0051 , B81B2201/042 , B81B2203/058 , C10L1/026 , G02B26/0841
摘要： A spatial light modulator is disclosed, along with methods for making such a modulator that comprises an array of mirror devices each having at least a first electrode and a second electrode. The first electrode is designated for driving the mirror plate of the micromirror device to an ON state, and the second electrode is designated for driving the mirror plate to an OFF state. The two electrodes can be disposed on the same side of the mirror plate but on opposite sides of the rotation axis of the mirror plate for driving the mirror plate to rotate in opposite directions. Alternatively, the two electrodes can be disposed on the opposite sides of the mirror plate, but on the same side of the rotation axis of the mirror plate for driving the mirror plate to rotate in opposite directions. The ON state and OFF state of the mirror plate can be defined by stops. The stops may be formed on substrate(s), hinge structures holding the mirror plates of the micromirror device and/or a desired location within the micromirror device. Alternatively, the electrodes for the ON state and the OFF state can be used as stops, either individually or in combination, or in combination with other component(s), such as substrate(s) of the micromirror device. The OFF state angle and the ON state angle are preferably different.

36. 发明授权

US06844663B1 Structure and method for forming a multilayer electrode for a flat panel display device 失效
标题翻译：用于形成平板显示装置的多层电极的结构和方法
公开(公告)号：US06844663B1
公开(公告)日：2005-01-18
申请号：US09588115
申请日：2000-05-31
申请人： Jueng Gil Lee , Christopher J. Spindt , Johan Knall , Matthew A. Bonn , Kishore K. Chakravorty
发明人： Jueng Gil Lee , Christopher J. Spindt , Johan Knall , Matthew A. Bonn , Kishore K. Chakravorty
IPC分类号： H01J9/02 , H01J29/46 , H01J1/02
CPC分类号： H01J9/148 , H01J29/467
摘要： A structure for a multilayer electrode. Specifically, in one embodiment, a multilayer electrode for a flat panel display device is disclosed. The multilayer electrode comprises a metal alloy layer and a protective layer. The metal alloy layer includes neodymium having a concentration of between greater than three atomic percent and six atomic percent. The protective layer is disposed above the metal alloy layer to form a multilayer stack. The multilayer stack is etched to form the multilayer electrode.
摘要翻译：多层电极的结构。具体地，在一个实施例中，公开了一种用于平板显示装置的多层电极。多层电极包括金属合金层和保护层。金属合金层包括浓度大于3原子％和6原子％之间的钕。保护层设置在金属合金层上方以形成多层叠层。蚀刻多层堆叠以形成多层电极。

37. 发明授权

US06822628B2 Methods and systems for compensating row-to-row brightness variations of a field emission display 失效
标题翻译：用于补偿场发射显示器的行到行亮度变化的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US06822628B2
公开(公告)日：2004-11-23
申请号：US09895985
申请日：2001-06-28
申请人： James C. Dunphy , William Cummings , Christopher J. Spindt , Ronald L. Hansen , Jun (Gordon) Liu , Lee Cressi , Colin Stanners
发明人： James C. Dunphy , William Cummings , Christopher J. Spindt , Ronald L. Hansen , Jun (Gordon) Liu , Lee Cressi , Colin Stanners
IPC分类号： G09G322
CPC分类号： G09G3/22 , G09G2320/0233 , G09G2320/0285
摘要： Methods for compensating for brightness variations in a field emission device. In one embodiment, a method and system are described for measuring the relative brightness of rows of a field emission display (FED) device, storing information representing the measured brightness into a correction table and using the correction table to provide uniform row brightness in the display by adjusting row voltages and/or row on-time periods. A special measurement process is described for providing accurate current measurements on the rows. This embodiment compensates for brightness variations of the rows, e.g., for rows near the spacer walls. In another embodiment, a periodic signal, e.g., a high frequency noise signal, is added to the row on-time pulse in order to camouflage brightness variations in the rows near the spacer walls. In another embodiment, the area under the row on-time pulse is adjusted to provide row-by-row brightness compensation based on correction values stored in a memory resident correction table. In another embodiment, the brightness of each row is measured and compiled into a data profile for the FED. The data profile is used to control cathode burn-in processes so that brightness variations are corrected by physically altering the characteristics of the emitters of the rows.
摘要翻译：补偿场致发射装置的亮度变化的方法。在一个实施例中，描述了用于测量场发射显示（FED）装置的行的相对亮度的方法和系统，将表示测量的亮度的信息存储到校正表中，并且使用校正表在显示器中提供均匀的行亮度通过调整行电压和/或行导通时间周期。描述了一种特殊的测量过程，用于在行上提供精确的电流测量。该实施例补偿行的亮度变化，例如用于靠近隔离壁的行。在另一个实施例中，周期性信号，例如高频噪声信号，被添加到行准时脉冲，以伪装靠近隔离壁的行中的亮度变化。在另一实施例中，根据存储在存储器驻留校正表中的校正值，调整行导通时间脉冲之下的面积以提供逐行亮度补偿。在另一个实施例中，测量每行的亮度并将其编译成用于FED的数据简档。数据轮廓用于控制阴极老化过程，从而通过物理地改变行的发射器的特性来校正亮度变化。

38. 发明授权

US06489718B1 Spacer suitable for use in flat panel display 失效
标题翻译：隔板适用于平板显示器
公开(公告)号：US06489718B1
公开(公告)日：2002-12-03
申请号：US09617591
申请日：2000-07-18
申请人： Anthony P. Schmid , Christopher J. Spindt , David L. Morris , Theodore S. Fahlen , Yu Nan Sun
发明人： Anthony P. Schmid , Christopher J. Spindt , David L. Morris , Theodore S. Fahlen , Yu Nan Sun
IPC分类号： H01J1942
CPC分类号： H01J29/085 , H01J9/185 , H01J9/242 , H01J29/028 , H01J29/467 , H01J29/864 , H01J31/123 , H01J31/127 , H01J61/30 , H01J2329/8625 , H01J2329/863 , H01J2329/864 , H01J2329/8645 , H01J2329/8655 , Y10T156/1052 , Y10T156/1077 , Y10T156/1082 , Y10T156/1093
摘要： A spacer (140) suitable for use in a flat panel display is formed with ceramic, transition metal, and oxygen. At least part of the oxygen is bonded to the transition metal or/and constituents of the ceramic to form a uniform electrically resistive material having a resistivity of 105-1010 ohm-cm and a secondary electron emission coefficient of less than 2 at 2 kilovolts.
摘要翻译：适合用于平板显示器的间隔物（140）由陶瓷，过渡金属和氧形成。氧化物的至少一部分结合到陶瓷的过渡金属或/和组分，以形成电阻率为105-1010欧姆 - 厘米，二次电子发射系数小于2的均匀电阻材料。

39. 发明授权

US06459209B1 Procedures and apparatus for turning-on and turning-off elements within a field emission display device 失效
标题翻译：场致发射显示装置内的接通和关断元件的程序和装置
公开(公告)号：US06459209B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-01
申请号：US09767329
申请日：2001-01-22
申请人： Donald J. Elloway , David L. Morris , William J. Scannell , Christopher J. Spindt
发明人： Donald J. Elloway , David L. Morris , William J. Scannell , Christopher J. Spindt
IPC分类号： G09G310
CPC分类号： G09G3/22 , G09G2310/06 , G09G2310/066 , G09G2330/02 , H01J9/39 , H01J9/44 , H01J31/127 , H01J2209/0223
摘要： A method of removing contaminant particles in newly fabricated field emission displays. According to one embodiment of the present invention, contaminant particles are removed by a conditioning process which includes the steps of: a) driving a anode of a field emission display (FED) to a predetermined voltage; b) slowly increasing an emission current of the FED after the anode has reached the predetermined voltage; and c) providing an ion-trapping device for catching the ions and particles knocked off, or otherwise released, by emitted electrons. In this embodiment, by driving the anode to the predetermined voltage and by slowly increasing the emission current of the FED, contaminant particles are effectively removed without damaging the FED. The present invention also provides a method of operating FEDs to prevent gate-to-emitter current during turn-on and turn-off. In this embodiment, the method comprises the steps of: a) enabling the anode display screen; and, b) enabling the electron-emitters after the anode display screen is enabled. In this embodiment, by allowing sufficient time for the anode display screen to reach a predetermined voltage before the emitter is enabled, the emitted electrons will be attracted to the anode.
摘要翻译：一种在新制造的场致发射显示器中去除污染物颗粒的方法。根据本发明的一个实施例，污染物颗粒通过调节过程去除，包括以下步骤：a）将场致发射显示器（FED）的阳极驱动到预定电压; b）在阳极达到预定电压后缓慢增加FED的发射电流; 以及c）提供离子捕获装置，用于捕获被发射的电子撞击或以其它方式释放的离子和颗粒。在本实施例中，通过将阳极驱动到预定电压并且通过缓慢增加FED的发射电流，有效地去除污染物颗粒而不损坏FED。本发明还提供了一种在开启和关断期间操作FED以防止栅极 - 发射极电流的方法。在该实施例中，该方法包括以下步骤：a）启用阳极显示屏; 并且b）在使能阳极显示屏幕之后启用电子发射器。在本实施例中，通过在发射极使能之前允许阳极显示屏足够的时间达到预定电压，发射的电子将被吸引到阳极。

40. 发明授权

US06218783B1 High voltage compatible spacer coating 有权
标题翻译：高电压兼容间隔涂层
公开(公告)号：US06218783B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-17
申请号：US09361339
申请日：1999-07-26
申请人： Christopher J. Spindt , George B. Hopple
发明人： Christopher J. Spindt , George B. Hopple
IPC分类号： G09G310
CPC分类号： H01J31/123 , H01J29/028 , H01J29/864 , H01J2229/882 , H01J2329/864 , H01J2329/8645
摘要： A coating material having specific resistivity and secondary emission characteristics. The coating material described herein is especially well-adapted for coating a spacer structure of a flat panel display. In one embodiment, the coating material is characterized by: a sheet resistance, &rgr;sc, and an area resistance, r, wherein &rgr;sc and r are defined as: &rgr;sc>100(&rgr;sw) and r
摘要翻译：具有电阻率和二次发射特性的涂层材料。本文所述的涂层材料特别适用于涂覆平板显示器的间隔结构。在一个实施方案中，涂层材料的特征在于：薄层电阻，r sc ，以及面积电阻r，其中rho sc 和r定义为：在本实施例中，涂层材料适用于其上的间隔物的薄层电阻，l是涂覆材料适用于其的间隔物的高度。通过具有这种特性的涂层材料，本发明消除了在平板显示器中对包括间隔结构的材料施加严格的二次发射特性要求的需要。更具体地，本发明除了满足诸如高强度，精确电阻率，低TCR，精确CTE，精确的机械尺寸等的要求之外，不需要间隔材料满足严格的二次发射特性要求。

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