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31. 发明申请

US20050137269A1 Methanol manufacture using pressure swing reforming 有权
标题翻译：使用压力挥发重整的甲醇制造
公开(公告)号：US20050137269A1
公开(公告)日：2005-06-23
申请号：US10738782
申请日：2003-12-17
申请人： Frank Hershkowitz , James Lattner
发明人： Frank Hershkowitz , James Lattner
IPC分类号： C07C1/24 , C07C29/151 , C07C27/10
CPC分类号： C07C29/1518 , Y02P30/42 , C07C31/04 , C07C31/08 , C07C31/10 , C07C31/02
摘要： A process for producing methanol is described in which a hydrocarbon is steam reformed in a reforming zone, and during the reforming stage, of a cyclic steam reformer having a reforming stage and a regeneration stage, the steam reforming being conducted under conditions effective to produce a first effluent stream containing synthesis gas. A fuel and an oxygen-containing gas are combusted in the regeneration stage of the reformer so as to reheat the reforming zone to a temperature sufficient for the reforming stage and generate a flue gas. At least part of the first effluent stream is contacted with a methanol synthesis catalyst under conditions effective to convert synthesis gas to methanol and form a methanol-containing stream and a tail gas stream comprising unreacted carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Hydrogen is separated from at least one of the first effluent stream and the tail gas stream and at least part of the hydrogen is recycled as part of the fuel for the regeneration stage of the cyclic steam reformer.
摘要翻译：描述了一种生产甲醇的方法，其中烃在重整区中进行蒸汽重整，并且在重整阶段期间，在具有重整阶段和再生阶段的循环蒸汽重整器中，蒸汽重整在有效产生含有合成气的第一流出物流。燃料和含氧气体在重整器的再生阶段中燃烧，以便将重整区重新加热到足以用于重整阶段的温度并产生烟道气。在有效地将合成气转化成甲醇并形成含甲醇流和包含未反应的一氧化碳和氢气的尾气流的条件下，将至少部分第一流出物流与甲醇合成催化剂接触。氢气与第一流出物流和尾气流中的至少一个分离，并且至少部分氢气作为用于循环蒸汽重整器的再生阶段的燃料的一部分被再循环。

32. 发明授权

US06653006B2 System for fuel cell reformer start-up 失效
标题翻译：燃料电池重整器启动系统
公开(公告)号：US06653006B2
公开(公告)日：2003-11-25
申请号：US10014155
申请日：2001-10-29
申请人： Paul J. Berlowitz , Ramesh Varadaraj , Frank Hershkowitz
发明人： Paul J. Berlowitz , Ramesh Varadaraj , Frank Hershkowitz
IPC分类号： H01M806
CPC分类号： H01M8/04225 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/0662
摘要： The invention includes a start-up system for providing fuel and water as an emulsion to the reformer of a fuel cell and for starting a fuel cell powered vehicle.
摘要翻译：本发明包括一种启动系统，用于向燃料电池的重整器提供燃料和水作为乳液，并用于启动燃料电池动力车辆。

33. 发明授权

US5883138A Rapid injection catalytic partial oxidation process and apparatus for producing synthesis gas (law 562) 失效
标题翻译：快速注射催化部分氧化工艺和生产合成气的设备（法律562）
公开(公告)号：US5883138A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-16
申请号：US845699
申请日：1997-04-25
申请人： Frank Hershkowitz , Harry W. Deckman , Robert P. Reynolds , Constantine P. Gonatas , John W. Fulton , Leonard Schoenman , Jack I. Ito , Leroy R. Clavenna
发明人： Frank Hershkowitz , Harry W. Deckman , Robert P. Reynolds , Constantine P. Gonatas , John W. Fulton , Leonard Schoenman , Jack I. Ito , Leroy R. Clavenna
IPC分类号： B01F3/02 , B01F5/06 , B01J4/00 , B01J8/02 , B01J12/00 , C01B3/38 , C07C27/00 , C07C1/02
CPC分类号： C01B3/386 , B01F5/0682 , B01J8/0278 , B01F3/02 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/062 , C01B2203/065 , C01B2203/1023 , C01B2203/1052 , C01B2203/1064 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1276
摘要： A novel injector/reactor apparatus and an efficient process for the partial oxidation of light hydrocarbon gases, such as methane, to convert such gases to useful synthesis gas for recovery and/or subsequent hydrocarbon synthesis. Sources of a light hydrocarbon gas, such as methane, and oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas are preheated and pressurized and injected through an injector means at high velocity into admixture with each other in the desired proportions, at a plurality of mixing nozzles which are open to the catalytic partial oxidation reaction zone of a reactor and are uniformly-spaced over the face of the injector, to form a reactant gaseous premix having a pressure drop through the injector. The gaseous premix is injected in a time period which is less than 5 milliseconds, at a velocity between about 25 to 1000 feet/second, into a reaction zone comprising a catalytic partial oxidation zone so that the gaseous premix reacts in the presence of the fixed catalyst arrangement to reduce the amounts of CO.sub.2, H.sub.2 O and heat produced by the partial oxidation reaction and form, cool and recover a useful syngas.
摘要翻译：一种新颖的注射器/反应器装置以及用于部分氧化轻质烃气体（例如甲烷）的有效方法，以将这种气体转化成有用的合成气以用于回收和/或随后的烃合成。来自诸如甲烷和氧气或含氧气体的轻质烃气体在多个混合喷嘴处被预热和加压并通过喷射器装置以高速度以相关的比例彼此混合，通向反应器的催化部分氧化反应区，并且在喷射器的表面上均匀间隔开，形成具有通过喷射器的压降的反应物气态预混物。将气态预混物以约25至1000英尺/秒的速度在小于5毫秒的时间内注入到包含催化部分氧化区的反应区中，使得气态预混物在固定的催化剂排列以减少CO 2，H 2 O的量和由部分氧化反应产生的热量并形成，冷却和回收有用的合成气。

34. 发明授权

US5675041A Direct hydroformylation of a multi-component synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide, hydrogen, ethylene, and acetylene 失效
标题翻译：含有一氧化碳，氢气，乙烯和乙炔的多组分合成气的直接加氢甲酰化
公开(公告)号：US5675041A
公开(公告)日：1997-10-07
申请号：US573052
申请日：1995-12-15
申请人： Gabor Kiss , Frank Hershkowitz , Harry W. Deckman , Michael Gerard Matturro , Istvan T. Horvath , Anthony M. Dean , Raymond A. Cook
发明人： Gabor Kiss , Frank Hershkowitz , Harry W. Deckman , Michael Gerard Matturro , Istvan T. Horvath , Anthony M. Dean , Raymond A. Cook
IPC分类号： C07C45/50
CPC分类号： C07C45/50 , Y02P20/582
摘要： The invention is a process for production of C.sub.3 to C.sub.6 aldehydes by hydroformylating a mixture containing: (a) C.sub.2 to C.sub.5 olefins and mixtures thereof, and (b) (i) C.sub.2 to C.sub.5 alkynes and mixtures thereof or (ii) C.sub.3 to C.sub.5 cumulated dienes and mixtures thereof or (iii) mixtures of (i) and (ii), with CO, H.sub.2 and a solution of a rhodium complex catalyst produced by complexing Rh and an organophosphorus compound at a concentration of Rh in solution from 1 to 1000 ppm by weight. Alternatively, the solution of rhodium complex catalyst can have a P/Rh atom ratio of at least 30. Alternatively, the solution of rhodium complex catalyst can have a P/Rh atom ratio greater than the value R.sub.L defined by the formula: ##EQU1## in which R.sub.B is the P/Rh ratio sufficient for a catalytically active Rh complex, pKa.sub.TPP is the pKa value for triphenylphosphine, pKa.sub.L is the pKa value for the triorganophosphorus compound, R is the gas constant, and .DELTA.S.sub.B is 35(N-1) cal/mole/.degree.K., N is the number of P-Rh attachments per ligand molecule. The process has utility for the hydroformylation of streams that contain olefins and alkynes.
摘要翻译：本发明是通过加氢甲酰化含有：（a）C 2〜C 5烯烃及其混合物的混合物，和（b）（ⅰ）C2〜C5炔烃及其混合物或（ⅱ）C3〜C5 累积的二烯及其混合物，或（iii）（ⅰ）和（ⅱ）的混合物与CO，H 2和铑络合物催化剂的溶液形成，所述铑配合物催化剂是通过使Rh和溶液中Rh浓度为1〜1000的有机磷化合物重量ppm。或者，铑络合物催化剂的溶液的P / Rh原子比可以至少为30.另外，铑络合物催化剂的溶液可以具有大于由下式定义的值RL的P / Rh原子比：其中RB是催化活性Rh配合物的P / Rh比，pKaTPP是三苯基膦的pKa值，pKaL是三有机磷化合物的pKa值，R是气体常数，DELTA SB是35（N-1 ）cal / mole / DEGK，N是每个配体分子的P-Rh附着物的数目。该方法可用于含有烯烃和炔烃的物流的加氢甲酰化。

35. 发明授权

US09941534B2 Integrated power generation and carbon capture using fuel cells 有权
公开(公告)号：US09941534B2
公开(公告)日：2018-04-10
申请号：US14207687
申请日：2014-03-13
申请人： Paul J. Berlowitz , Timothy Andrew Barckholtz , Frank Hershkowitz
发明人： Paul J. Berlowitz , Timothy Andrew Barckholtz , Frank Hershkowitz
IPC分类号： H01M8/06 , F02C3/22 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/04746 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/0637 , C21B15/00 , C04B7/36 , H01M8/0668 , H01M8/14 , H01M8/0662 , H01M8/04791 , H01M8/04119 , C01B3/50 , C07C29/151 , C10G2/00 , C07C1/04 , C10K3/04 , H01M8/04111 , C01B3/16 , C25B3/02 , C01B3/34 , C01B3/48 , C07C29/152 , F02C6/18
CPC分类号： H01M8/06 , C01B3/16 , C01B3/34 , C01B3/48 , C01B3/50 , C01B2203/00 , C01B2203/02 , C01B2203/0205 , C01B2203/0227 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/04 , C01B2203/0405 , C01B2203/0415 , C01B2203/046 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/061 , C01B2203/062 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/067 , C01B2203/068 , C01B2203/1205 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/148 , C01B2203/84 , C01B2203/86 , C01C1/04 , C04B7/367 , C04B2290/20 , C07C1/0485 , C07C29/1518 , C07C29/152 , C10G2/32 , C10G2/332 , C10G2/34 , C10K3/04 , C21B15/00 , C21B2300/02 , C25B3/02 , F02C3/22 , F02C6/18 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04111 , H01M8/04156 , H01M8/04761 , H01M8/04805 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/0618 , H01M8/0625 , H01M8/0631 , H01M8/0637 , H01M8/0662 , H01M8/0668 , H01M8/0687 , H01M8/14 , H01M8/141 , H01M8/145 , H01M2008/147 , H01M2250/10 , H01M2250/407 , H01M2300/0051 , Y02B90/14 , Y02E20/14 , Y02E20/16 , Y02E20/185 , Y02E50/18 , Y02E60/50 , Y02E60/526 , Y02E60/563 , Y02E60/566 , Y02P10/132 , Y02P20/129 , Y02P20/13 , Y02P30/30 , Y02P70/56 , Y02T10/16
摘要： Systems and methods are provided for capturing CO2 from a combustion source using molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs). At least a portion of the anode exhaust can be recycled for use as a fuel for the combustion source. Optionally, a second portion of the anode exhaust can be recycled for use as part of an anode input stream. This can allow for a reduction in the amount of fuel cell area required for separating CO2 from the combustion source exhaust and/or modifications in how the fuel cells can be operated.

36. 发明授权

US09707536B2 Reactor components 有权
公开(公告)号：US09707536B2
公开(公告)日：2017-07-18
申请号：US13740496
申请日：2013-01-14
申请人： ChangMin Chun , Frank Hershkowitz , Paul F. Keusenkothen , Robert L. Antram
发明人： ChangMin Chun , Frank Hershkowitz , Paul F. Keusenkothen , Robert L. Antram
IPC分类号： B01J19/02 , B32B18/00 , C10G9/20 , C04B35/505 , C04B38/00
CPC分类号： B01J19/02 , B01J2219/00876 , B01J2219/0281 , B32B18/00 , C04B35/505 , C04B38/0006 , C04B2235/3206 , C04B2235/3208 , C04B2235/3217 , C04B2235/3224 , C04B2235/3227 , C04B2235/3229 , C04B2235/3232 , C04B2235/3239 , C04B2235/3241 , C04B2235/3244 , C04B2235/3251 , C04B2235/3256 , C04B2235/3258 , C04B2235/3262 , C04B2235/3272 , C04B2235/3275 , C04B2235/3279 , C04B2235/3418 , C04B2235/9607 , C04B2237/34 , C04B2237/343 , C04B2237/348 , C10G9/203 , C04B38/0074
摘要： The present disclosure relates to insulation components and their use, e.g., in regenerative reactors. Specifically, a process and apparatus for managing temperatures from oxidation and pyrolysis reactions in a reactor, e.g., a thermally regeneratating reactor, such as a regenerative, reverse-flow reactor is described in relation to the various reactor components.

37. 发明申请

US20150252269A1 Integration of Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells in Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis 有权
标题翻译：熔融碳酸盐燃料电池在费 - 托合成中的整合
公开(公告)号：US20150252269A1
公开(公告)日：2015-09-10
申请号：US14722376
申请日：2015-05-27
申请人： Paul J. Berlowitz , Timothy A. Barckholtz , Frank Hershkowitz
发明人： Paul J. Berlowitz , Timothy A. Barckholtz , Frank Hershkowitz
IPC分类号： C10G2/00 , H01M8/14 , C25B3/02 , C01B3/16
CPC分类号： H01M8/06 , C01B3/16 , C01B3/34 , C01B3/48 , C01B3/50 , C01B2203/00 , C01B2203/02 , C01B2203/0205 , C01B2203/0227 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/04 , C01B2203/0405 , C01B2203/0415 , C01B2203/046 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/061 , C01B2203/062 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/067 , C01B2203/068 , C01B2203/1205 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/148 , C01B2203/84 , C01B2203/86 , C01C1/04 , C04B7/367 , C04B2290/20 , C07C1/0485 , C07C29/1518 , C07C29/152 , C10G2/32 , C10G2/332 , C10G2/34 , C10K3/04 , C21B15/00 , C21B2300/02 , C25B3/02 , F02C3/22 , F02C6/18 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04111 , H01M8/04156 , H01M8/04761 , H01M8/04805 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/0618 , H01M8/0625 , H01M8/0631 , H01M8/0637 , H01M8/0662 , H01M8/0668 , H01M8/0687 , H01M8/14 , H01M8/141 , H01M8/145 , H01M2008/147 , H01M2250/10 , H01M2250/407 , H01M2300/0051 , Y02B90/14 , Y02E20/14 , Y02E20/16 , Y02E20/185 , Y02E50/18 , Y02E60/50 , Y02E60/526 , Y02E60/563 , Y02E60/566 , Y02P10/132 , Y02P20/129 , Y02P20/13 , Y02P30/30 , Y02P70/56 , Y02T10/16
摘要： In various aspects, systems and methods are provided for integration of molten carbonate fuel cells with a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process. The molten carbonate fuel cells can be integrated with a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process in various manners, including providing synthesis gas for use in producing hydrocarbonaceous carbons. Additionally, integration of molten carbonate fuel cells with a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process can facilitate further processing of vent streams or secondary product streams generated during the synthesis process.
摘要翻译：在各个方面，提供了用熔融碳酸盐燃料电池与费 - 托合成方法的整合的系统和方法。熔融碳酸盐燃料电池可以以费托合成方法以各种方式一体化，包括提供用于生产碳氢化合物的合成气。此外，熔融碳酸盐燃料电池与费 - 托合成方法的整合可以促进在合成过程中产生的排放流或二次产物流的进一步处理。

38. 发明授权

US08932534B2 Porous pyrolysis reactor materials and methods 有权
标题翻译：多孔热解反应器的材料及方法
公开(公告)号：US08932534B2
公开(公告)日：2015-01-13
申请号：US12623046
申请日：2009-11-20
申请人： ChangMin Chun , Frank Hershkowitz , Paul F. Keusenkothen , Shiun Ling , Gary David Mohr
发明人： ChangMin Chun , Frank Hershkowitz , Paul F. Keusenkothen , Shiun Ling , Gary David Mohr
IPC分类号： B01J19/00 , C10G9/20 , C10G9/16 , B01J19/24 , C10G9/00 , C10G11/00
CPC分类号： C10G9/203 , C10G9/16 , C10G2300/4075
摘要： In one aspect, the invention includes a reactor apparatus for pyrolyzing a hydrocarbon feedstock, said apparatus including: a reactor component comprising a refractory material in oxide form, the refractory material having a melting point of no less than 2060° C. and which remains in oxide form when exposed to a gas having carbon partial pressure of 10−22 bar and oxygen partial pressure of 10−10 bar, at a temperature of 1200° C.; wherein said refractory material has no less than 4 vol % formed porosity, measured at 20° C., based upon the bulk volume of said refractory material. In another embodiment, the refractory material has total porosity in the range of from 4 to 60 vol %.
摘要翻译：在一个方面，本发明包括用于热解烃原料的反应器装置，所述装置包括：反应器组件，其包含氧化物形式的耐火材料，耐火材料的熔点不低于2060℃，并保持在在1200℃的温度下暴露于碳分压为10-22巴，氧气分压为10-10巴的气体时，氧化物形式。其中所述耐火材料具有基于所述耐火材料的体积体积在20℃下测量的不少于4体积％的孔隙率。在另一个实施方案中，耐火材料具有4至60体积％的总孔隙率。

39. 发明申请

US20140296597A1 Method and Apparatus for Converting Hydrocarbons Into Olefins 有权
标题翻译：将碳氢化合物转化成烯烃的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20140296597A1
公开(公告)日：2014-10-02
申请号：US13993515
申请日：2011-12-20
申请人： Paul F. Keusenkothen , Frank Hershkowitz , Gary D. Mohr
发明人： Paul F. Keusenkothen , Frank Hershkowitz , Gary D. Mohr
IPC分类号： C07C5/09 , B01J19/00 , C07C2/06
CPC分类号： C07C5/09 , B01J19/0053 , C10G9/00 , C10G9/002 , C10G9/007 , C10G9/18 , C10G9/20 , C10G9/38 , C10G47/00 , C07C11/04
摘要： An apparatus and method are provided for processing hydrocarbon feeds. The method enhances the conversion of hydrocarbon feeds into conversion products, such as ethylene. In particular, the present techniques utilize a high-severity thermal pyrolysis reactor that exposes a feed at a peak pyrolysis gas temperature ≧1540° C. to produce a reactor product comprising ethylene and acetylene and has a C3+ to acetylene weight ratio ≦0.5. Then, the method separates a product comprising tars and/or solids from at least a portion of the reactor product and converts at least a portion of the remaining reactor product into a conversion product, such as ethylene.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于处理烃进料的装置和方法。该方法增强了烃进料转化为转化产物如乙烯。特别地，本技术利用高严重性的热解热解反应器，其在峰值热解气体温度≥1540℃下暴露进料，以产生包含乙烯和乙炔的反应器产物，并且具有C3 +与乙炔重量比＆nlE; 0.5。然后，该方法将含有焦油和/或固体的产物与反应器产物的至少一部分分离，并将至少一部分剩余的反应器产物转化为转化产物如乙烯。

40. 发明授权

US08821806B2 Pyrolysis reactor materials and methods 有权
标题翻译：热解反应堆材料及方法
公开(公告)号：US08821806B2
公开(公告)日：2014-09-02
申请号：US12772757
申请日：2010-05-03
申请人： Frank Hershkowitz , ChangMin Chun , Paul F. Keusenkothen , Shiun Ling , Gary David Mohr
发明人： Frank Hershkowitz , ChangMin Chun , Paul F. Keusenkothen , Shiun Ling , Gary David Mohr
IPC分类号： B01J19/00 , B01J19/24 , B01J8/04 , C04B35/505 , B01J4/00 , C10G9/00
CPC分类号： C04B35/488 , B01J4/002 , B01J8/0438 , B01J8/0442 , B01J8/0492 , B01J19/02 , B01J19/2485 , B01J2208/00115 , B01J2208/00309 , B01J2208/00504 , B01J2208/0084 , B01J2208/00849 , B01J2219/00081 , B01J2219/00117 , B01J2219/00157 , B01J2219/00159 , B01J2219/0263 , C04B35/486 , C04B35/505 , C04B2235/3206 , C04B2235/3208 , C04B2235/3217 , C04B2235/3224 , C04B2235/3225 , C04B2235/3227 , C04B2235/3229 , C04B2235/3232 , C04B2235/3239 , C04B2235/3241 , C04B2235/3244 , C04B2235/3246 , C04B2235/3251 , C04B2235/3256 , C04B2235/3258 , C04B2235/3262 , C04B2235/3272 , C04B2235/3275 , C04B2235/3279 , C04B2235/3418 , C04B2235/528 , C04B2235/5296 , C04B2235/5436 , C04B2235/5445 , C04B2235/5472 , C04B2235/5481 , C04B2235/6021 , C04B2235/658 , C04B2235/6584 , C04B2235/72 , C04B2235/762 , C04B2235/77 , C04B2235/96 , C04B2235/9607 , C04B2235/9669 , C04B2235/9684 , C10G1/02 , C10G9/00 , C10G9/005 , C10G9/18 , C10G9/26 , C10G75/00 , Y02P20/582
摘要： In one aspect, the invention includes a reactor apparatus for pyrolyzing a hydrocarbon feedstock, the apparatus including: a reactor component comprising a refractory material in oxide form, the refractory material having a melting point of at least 2060° C. and which remains in oxide form when exposed to a gas having an oxygen partial pressure of 10−15 bar, a carbon partial pressure above the carbon partial pressure of the zirconium carbide and zirconium oxide phase transition at the same temperature, and at temperatures below the temperature of the zirconium triple point at the oxygen partial pressure of 10−15 bar; and ii) when exposed to a gas having an oxygen partial pressure of 10−15 bar and at temperatures above the zirconium triple point at the oxygen partial pressure of 10−15 bar. In some embodiments, the reactor comprises a regenerative pyrolysis reactor apparatus and in other embodiments it includes a reverse flow regenerative reactor apparatus. In other aspects, this invention includes a method for pyrolyzing a hydrocarbon feedstock using a pyrolysis reactor system comprising the step of providing in a heated region of a pyrolysis reactor system for pyrolyzing a hydrocarbon feedstock, apparatus comprising the above refractory material.
摘要翻译：在一个方面，本发明包括用于热解烃原料的反应器装置，该装置包括：反应器组件，其包含氧化物形式的耐火材料，耐火材料的熔点至少为2060℃，并保留在氧化物当暴露于氧分压为10-15巴的气体，碳分压高于碳化锆的碳分压和相同温度下的氧化锆相变时，以及低于锆三元组温度的温度点氧分压为10-15巴; 和ii）当暴露于氧分压为10-15巴的气体和在10-15巴的氧分压下在高于锆三重点的温度下。在一些实施方案中，反应器包括再生热解反应器装置，并且在其它实施方案中，其包括逆流再生反应器装置。在其它方面，本发明包括使用热解反应器系统热解烃原料的方法，该方法包括在加热区域中提供用于热解烃原料的热解反应器系统，该装置包括上述耐火材料。

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