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21. 发明授权

US5344851A Process for recovering binder components from lacquer sludge 失效
标题翻译：从漆泥回收粘合剂成分的方法
公开(公告)号：US5344851A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-06
申请号：US54931
申请日：1993-04-28
申请人： Wieland Hovestadt , Jochen Bruck , Volker Schneider
发明人： Wieland Hovestadt , Jochen Bruck , Volker Schneider
IPC分类号： B29B17/00 , C08J11/00 , C08J11/04 , C09D5/46 , C09D7/00 , C09D175/00 , C09D175/04 , C08G18/14
CPC分类号： C08J11/00 , C09D7/008 , C08J2375/04
摘要： The present invention relates to a process for recovering and recycling the organic binder components accumulating as overspray during the spraying of a solvent-containing, two-component polyurethane lacquer or a solvent-containing, moisture-curing, one-component polyurethane lacquer byi) washing the overspray out of the exhaust air of a coating plant with the aid of an aqueous medium which a) contains in dissolved or dispersed form compounds that exhibit greater reactivity towards isocyanate groups than either water or the isocyanate-reactive groups present in two-component polyurethane lacquers, and b) may contain emulsifiers,ii) isolating the chemically modified overspray formed in step (i) in the form of lacquer sludge by treatment with coagulating agents, which may be present in the aqueous medium,iii) mixing the lacquer sludge, containing fully reacted lacquer constituents, coagulating agents and water, optionally after a portion of the water is removed, with an organic solvent andiv) separating the organic phase accumulating in step iii) from the aqueous phase and insoluble-constituents which may be present and recovering the solution of modified organic binder components dissolved in the organic phase.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及在喷雾含溶剂的双组分聚氨酯漆或含溶剂的湿固化单组分聚氨酯漆时，通过i）回收和再循环累积为过喷的有机粘合剂组分的方法，通过水性介质的水性介质，以溶解或分散的形式含有对异氰酸酯基团具有更大反应性的化合物，从而存在于双组分中的水或异氰酸酯反应性基团，聚氨酯漆，和b）可以含有乳化剂，ii）通过用可能存在于水性介质中的凝结剂进行处理，以漆油污泥的形式分离步骤（i）中形成的化学改性的过喷剂，iii）将漆污泥，含有完全反应的漆组分，凝结剂和水，任选地在一部分水被除去后，用有机溶剂 t和iv）将步骤iii）中积聚的有机相与水相和可能存在的不溶组分分离并回收溶解在有机相中的改性有机粘合剂组分的溶液。

22. 发明授权

US5326791A Process for separation of hydrolyzable from non-hydrolyzable waste plastics for recovery of starting materials and other conversion processes, respectively 失效
标题翻译：分离可水解与不可水解废塑料的回收原料和其他转化方法的方法
公开(公告)号：US5326791A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-05
申请号：US812176
申请日：1991-12-20
申请人： Ramzi Y. Saleh , William E. Wellman
发明人： Ramzi Y. Saleh , William E. Wellman
IPC分类号： C08F6/00 , C08F6/06 , C08F8/12 , C08G85/00 , C08J11/00 , C08J11/14
CPC分类号： C08J11/14 , C08J2367/02 , Y02W30/704
摘要： The present invention relates to a process for reactively separating hydrolyzable polymers, such as PET, in mixtures of the polymer and certain non-hydrolyzable polymers, specifically polyolefins by converting the hydrolyzable polymers to their corresponding water soluble components (e.g., PET to ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid) in the presence of liquid water at temperatures from about 200.degree. C. up to the critical temperature of water and autogenous pressure. The process has utility in recycling and waste material separation processes.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及通过将可水解聚合物转化成其相应的水溶性组分（例如，PET至乙二醇和/或其衍生物）的聚合物和某些不可水解的聚合物，特别是聚烯烃的混合物，将可水解聚合物如PET，对苯二甲酸）在液态水存在下，在约200℃至临界温度和自生压力的温度下进行。该方法在回收和废料分离过程中具有实用价值。

23. 发明授权

US5275948A Method for reprocessing scrap rubber 失效
标题翻译：废橡胶再加工方法
公开(公告)号：US5275948A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-04
申请号：US811629
申请日：1991-12-23
申请人： Gunhild Straube , Eckhardt Straube , Willi Neumann , Helmut Ruckauf , Ralf Forkmann , Martin Loffler
发明人： Gunhild Straube , Eckhardt Straube , Willi Neumann , Helmut Ruckauf , Ralf Forkmann , Martin Loffler
IPC分类号： B09B3/00 , B29B17/00 , B29B17/04 , B29K21/00 , B29K105/26 , C08J11/00 , C08J11/10 , C08L21/00 , C12M1/12 , C12N1/20 , C12P1/00 , C12S99/00 , C12M1/10 , C12R1/07
CPC分类号： C12M27/06 , C08J11/105 , C12P1/00 , C12R1/01 , C08J2319/00 , C08J2321/00 , Y02W30/702 , Y10S241/31 , Y10S264/912 , Y10S425/046
摘要： A method for reprocessing scrap rubber, which produces reclaimed rubber from comminuted scrap rubber after devulcanization, in a biotechnology-type of process, by holding the comminuted scrap rubber in a bacterial suspension of chemolithotropic microorganisms with a supply of air, until sulphur as an elementary sulphur and/or sulfuric acid is separated from the remaining replasticized reclaimed rubber. This biotechnological reprocessing obtains reclaimed rubber and sulphur in a simplified manner which products can be reused.
摘要翻译：一种废旧橡胶再生处理方法，在生物技术类型的工艺中，通过将经粉碎的废橡胶保持在具有空气的化学嗜热微生物的细菌悬浮液中，直到硫作为基本元素，在脱硫后从粉碎的废橡胶中生产回收橡胶硫和/或硫酸与剩余的再生橡胶分离。该生物技术后处理以简化的方式获得再生橡胶和硫，产品可以重复使用。

24. 发明授权

US5241045A Process for the precipitation of aqueous plastics dispersions containing polyvinyl alcohol 失效
标题翻译：降低含有聚乙烯醇的水性塑料分散液的方法
公开(公告)号：US5241045A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-31
申请号：US991874
申请日：1992-12-16
申请人： Volker Matz
发明人： Volker Matz
IPC分类号： C08F6/24 , C02F1/52 , C02F1/54 , C02F1/66 , C02F9/00 , C08F6/00 , C08F8/12 , C08J3/16 , C08J11/00 , C08J11/04 , C08J11/06
CPC分类号： C08J11/06 , C02F1/5236 , C02F1/54 , C08F8/12 , C02F2103/38 , Y02W30/701
摘要： A process for the precipitation of aqueous plastics dispersions containing polyvinyl alcohol, preferably from waste waters, and separation of the polymeric solids content, which comprises adding the following to the dispersion in order, with thorough mixing:a) a boric acid component,b) a basic compound for making the pH alkaline, thenc) an iron salt andd) a cationic polymeric polyelectrolyte, and isolating the precipitate which forms in the alkaline medium. The process according to the invention is advantageously applicable in all relevant sectors of technology and waste water treatment in which polymer dispersions containing polyvinyl alcohol are used or have to be disposed of, and where waste waters in which dispersions containing polyvinyl alcohol are present have to be processed. Degrees of clarification of more than 95% can be achieved.
摘要翻译：用于沉淀含有聚乙烯醇，优选来自废水的水性塑料分散体和分离聚合物固体含量的方法，其包括向混合物中依次加入以下物质：a）硼酸组分，b）碱性化合物，然后c）铁盐和d）阳离子聚合聚电解质，并分离在碱性介质中形成的沉淀物。根据本发明的方法有利地适用于所有相关的技术和废水处理领域，其中使用或必须处理含有聚乙烯醇的聚合物分散体，以及在其中存在含有聚乙烯醇的分散体的废水必须是处理。澄清度可达95％以上。

25. 发明授权

US4506034A Method for the continuous processing of coarse-grained waste rubber into a secondary rubber raw material 失效
标题翻译：将粗粒度废橡胶连续加工成二次橡胶原料的方法
公开(公告)号：US4506034A
公开(公告)日：1985-03-19
申请号：US444934
申请日：1982-11-29
申请人： Pavel Munih
发明人： Pavel Munih
IPC分类号： C08J11/12 , C08J11/00 , C08J11/02 , C08J11/04
CPC分类号： C08J11/12 , C08J2321/00 , Y02W30/703
摘要： A method is provided for the continuous processing of coarse-grained waste rubber into a secondary rubber raw material, in which coarse-grained waste rubber having a particle size of 0.5 to 15 mm, preferably approx. 4 to 6 mm, in a layer of a thickness not exceeding the largest dimension of a single grain is exposed to a thermoshock without the access of oxygen at a temperature of 200.degree. to 900.degree.C., preferably 600.degree. to 800.degree. C., for a time of 5 to 200 seconds, preferably about 30 to 60 seconds, depending on the size of the particles and the desired structure of the product.
摘要翻译：提供了将粗粒度废橡胶连续加工成二次橡胶原料的方法，其中粗粒度废橡胶的粒度为0.5〜15mm，优选为约在不超过单一颗粒的最大尺寸的层中，在200-900℃，优选600℃至800℃的温度下，将4至6毫米的厚度暴露于不具有氧气的温室。取决于颗粒的尺寸和产品的期望结构，为5至200秒，优选约30至60秒的时间。

26. 发明授权

US4415360A Method for working-up metal-containing waste products 失效
标题翻译：处理含金属废物的方法
公开(公告)号：US4415360A
公开(公告)日：1983-11-15
申请号：US399841
申请日：1982-07-19
申请人： Johan S. Leirnes , Malkolm S. Lundstrom
发明人： Johan S. Leirnes , Malkolm S. Lundstrom
IPC分类号： C22B7/00 , B29B11/00 , B29B17/00 , C08J11/00 , C22B1/00 , F23G7/00 , H01B15/00
CPC分类号： C22B1/005 , Y02P10/212
摘要： The invention relates to a method for converting metal-containing waste material having substantial quantities of organic constituents, such as plastics, rubber, paper and greases, to a product from which metal can readily be recovered. The waste material is introduced into a reactor vessel arranged for rotation about its longitudinal axis, the vessel being provided with a bottom and a common charge and discharge opening, whereafter the reactor vessel is rotated with its axis inclined to the horizontal plane at an angle of less than 90.degree.. The reactor vessel is maintained during this rotation at a temperature which is sufficiently high to expel organic constituents in the form of a combustible gas for as long as such a gas continues to be generated. The combustible gas is combusted continuously at a location external of the reactor vessel, and the residual content of the reactor vessel is taken out in a molten and/or non-molten state. During at least a part of the expulsion process, air or gas containing free oxygen can be supplied to the reactor vessel through a lance in sub-stoichiometric amount.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及将含有大量有机成分的含金属废料（如塑料，橡胶，纸和油脂）转化成金属易于回收的产品的方法。废料被引入反应器容器中，该容器布置成围绕其纵向轴线旋转，容器设有底部和共同的充放电开口，之后反应器容器旋转，其轴线以水平面倾斜小于90°。在该旋转期间，在足够高的温度下维持反应器容器，以便以可燃气体的形式排出有机成分，只要这种气体继续产生。可燃气体在反应器外部的位置连续燃烧，反应器容器的残余物质以熔融和/或非熔融状态被取出。在至少一部分排出过程中，含有游离氧气的空气或气体可以通过喷枪以亚化学计量的量供给反应堆容器。

27. 发明授权

US4399236A Process for separating polyurethane hydrolyzates into polyether and diamine 失效
标题翻译：将聚氨酯水解产物分离成聚醚和二胺的方法
公开(公告)号：US4399236A
公开(公告)日：1983-08-16
申请号：US299418
申请日：1981-09-04
申请人： Georg Niederdellmann , Norbert Roemer , Jurgen Schenk , Hartmut Hetzel , Ernst Grigat
发明人： Georg Niederdellmann , Norbert Roemer , Jurgen Schenk , Hartmut Hetzel , Ernst Grigat
IPC分类号： C08G18/00 , C08G18/82 , C08J11/00 , C08J11/10 , C08J11/04 , C08G18/48
CPC分类号： C08J11/10 , C08J2375/04 , Y02W30/702
摘要： The present invention is directed to a process for separating polyurethane hydrolyzates, preferably polyurethane foam hydrolyzates, into substantially amine-free foamable polyethers and diamines, comprising (a) (i) briefly expanding a hot polyurethane hydrolyzate obtained in a continuous screw extruder to normal pressure or in vacuo and, without using readily volatile components (ii) spraying said hydrolyzate directly into a tubular coil evaporator which is heated to 180.degree.-300.degree. C. and at the end of which a pressure of from 0.1 to 20 mbar is applied and (iii) separating a hydrolyzate containing less than 1% by weight of NH.sub.2 in a following cyclone from most of the diamine evaporated and all the solvent used, the diamine being separated from the solvent used in a following distillation column, optionally without any further heat input; (b) precipitating any diamine still present quantitatively in the form of its hydrochloride by introducing excess hydrogen chloride into the hydrolyzate, optionally diluted with inert solvents; and (c) the regenerated polyether obtained after removal by filtration of the precipitated amine salt being freed under reduced pressure from inert solvent and excess hydrogen chloride.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及将聚氨酯水解物（优选聚氨酯泡沫水解产物）分离成基本上不含胺的可发泡聚醚和二胺的方法，其包括（a）（i）将在连续螺杆挤出机中获得的热聚氨酯水解产物短暂膨胀至常压或在真空中，并且不使用易挥发性组分（ii）将所述水解产物直接喷射到加热至180-300℃的管状线圈蒸发器中，并且其末端施加0.1至20mbar的压力，（iii）在以下旋风分离器中从大部分蒸发的二胺和所有使用的溶剂中分离含有小于1重量％的NH 2的水解产物，二胺与随后的蒸馏塔中使用的溶剂分离，任选没有任何进一步的热输入（b）通过将过量的氯化氢引入水解产物中，任选地用惰性溶剂稀释，沉淀出以其盐酸盐形式定量存在的任何二胺; 和（c）通过过滤除去沉淀的胺盐后得到的再生聚醚，在惰性溶剂和过量的氯化氢中减压除去。

28. 发明授权

US4339358A Process and apparatus for reclaiming polyurethanes 失效
标题翻译：回收聚氨酯的工艺和设备
公开(公告)号：US4339358A
公开(公告)日：1982-07-13
申请号：US218260
申请日：1980-12-19
申请人： Wilhelm Schutz
发明人： Wilhelm Schutz
IPC分类号： C08G18/00 , B29B11/00 , B29B17/00 , C08G18/82 , C08J11/00 , C08J11/10 , C08J3/00 , C08J11/04
CPC分类号： C08J11/10 , B29B17/00 , B29K2075/00 , B29K2105/04 , C08J2375/04 , Y02W30/62 , Y02W30/702
摘要： A process and apparatus are provided for the treatment of waste polyurethane particles by alcoholysis or acidolysis. The particles are treated with a solvent at a reaction temperature within the range of 120.degree. C. to 200.degree. C. while being subjected to comminution until the particles are liquified. The resultant liquified product may be converted to a polyurethane by treatment with a polyisocyanate. An apparatus for conducting this process includes shaped blades and fixed heated elements for exerting strong shear forces on the particles or fragments of polyurethane.
摘要翻译：提供了一种通过醇解或酸解来处理废聚氨酯颗粒的方法和装置。在120〜200℃的反应温度下，用溶剂处理颗粒，同时进行粉碎，直到颗粒液化。所得到的液化产物可以通过用多异氰酸酯处理而转化为聚氨酯。用于进行该方法的装置包括成形刀片和用于在聚氨酯的颗粒或碎片上施加强剪切力的固定的加热元件。

29. 发明授权

US4332700A Method for separating rubber from metal 失效
标题翻译：从金属中分离橡胶的方法
公开(公告)号：US4332700A
公开(公告)日：1982-06-01
申请号：US199157
申请日：1980-10-21
申请人： Pavel Munih
发明人： Pavel Munih
IPC分类号： B09B5/00 , B29B11/00 , B29B17/00 , B29B17/02 , B29B17/04 , B29C35/08 , B29K21/00 , C08J11/12 , C08J3/28 , C08J11/00
CPC分类号： C08J11/12 , B29B17/021 , B29B2017/0272 , B29C2035/0811 , B29K2021/00 , B29K2705/12 , B29L2030/00 , C08J2321/00 , Y02W30/526 , Y02W30/622 , Y02W30/68 , Y02W30/703
摘要： A method of separating rubber from metal which includes covering a metal-taining rubber body with an inert powdered agent, exposing the body to high-frequency electromagnetic field to cause the metal to glow and the border layer of the rubber on the metal-rubber contact to be thermally degraded and carbonized, removing the powdered agent and magnetically separating the rubber from the metal, and apparatus for carrying out the method.
摘要翻译：一种从金属中分离橡胶的方法，其包括用惰性粉末剂覆盖含金属的橡胶体，将体暴露于高频电磁场，使金属发光，橡胶接触界面层与金属橡胶接触被热分解和碳化，除去粉末剂并将橡胶与金属磁分离，以及用于实施该方法的装置。

30. 发明授权

US4281197A Hydrolytic decomposition method 失效
标题翻译：水解分解法
公开(公告)号：US4281197A
公开(公告)日：1981-07-28
申请号：US194164
申请日：1980-10-06
申请人： Fred G. Oblinger
发明人： Fred G. Oblinger
IPC分类号： C07C29/09 , C08J11/14 , C07C85/26 , C08J11/00
CPC分类号： C08J11/14 , C07C29/095 , C08J2375/04 , Y02P20/582 , Y02W30/704 , Y10S521/918
摘要： Porous polyurethane solids such as open cell polyurethane foams are rapidly heated and hydrolytically decomposed into separate polyol component and diamine component by contacting the porous solids with saturated steam in a heated vacuum chamber. Separation of high quality liquid polyol and diamine is achieved.
摘要翻译：通过在加热的真空室中使多孔固体与饱和蒸汽接触，将多孔聚氨酯固体如开孔聚氨酯泡沫体快速加热并水解分解成单独的多元醇组分和二胺组分。实现高品质液体多元醇和二胺的分离。

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