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11. 发明申请

US20130048485A1 APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CARBON FIBER SURFACE TREATMENT 有权
标题翻译：碳纤维表面处理的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US20130048485A1
公开(公告)日：2013-02-28
申请号：US13555476
申请日：2012-07-23
申请人： Felix L. Paulauskas , Daniel M. Sherman
发明人： Felix L. Paulauskas , Daniel M. Sherman
IPC分类号： B01J19/08
CPC分类号： H05H1/2406 , C04B35/62844 , C04B2235/5248 , C04B2235/6585 , D06M10/025 , D06M10/06 , D06M11/34 , D06M2101/40 , H05H2001/2412
摘要： An apparatus and method for enhancing the surface energy and/or surface chemistry of carbon fibers involves exposing the fibers to direct or indirect contact with atmospheric pressure plasma generated using a background gas containing at least some oxygen or other reactive species. The fiber may be exposed directly to the plasma, provided that the plasma is nonfilamentary, or the fiber may be exposed indirectly through contact with gases exhausting from a plasma discharge maintained in a separate volume. In either case, the process is carried out at or near atmospheric pressure, thereby eliminating the need for vacuum equipment. The process may be further modified by moistening the fibers with selected oxygen-containing liquids before exposure to the plasma.
摘要翻译：用于增强碳纤维的表面能和/或表面化学性质的装置和方法包括将纤维暴露于使用含有至少一些氧或其它反应性物质的背景气体产生的大气压等离子体的直接或间接接触。光纤可以直接暴露于等离子体，只要等离子体是非离子的，或者纤维可以通过与维持在单独体积中的等离子体放电排出的气体接触而间接暴露。在任一情况下，该过程在大气压或接近大气压下进行，从而不需要真空设备。可以通过在暴露于等离子体之前用选择的含氧液体润湿纤维来进一步修饰该方法。

12. 发明公开

US20240247412A1 Apparatus and Method for Microwave Carbonization of Polymeric Materials for Carbon Fiber Production 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20240247412A1
公开(公告)日：2024-07-25
申请号：US18583847
申请日：2024-02-21
申请人： Hippolyte A. Grappe , Felix L. Paulauskas
发明人： Hippolyte A. Grappe , Felix L. Paulauskas
IPC分类号： D01F9/32
CPC分类号： D01F9/328 , D10B2101/12
摘要： An apparatus is disclosed for electromagnetically and thermally treating polymeric materials, including PAN and other carbon fiber precursors at large scale at atmospheric pressure, while measuring the temperature in the closed environment of the process chamber. The apparatus is designed for continuous processing, and to be compatible with other stages of existing carbon fiber production lines. It provides direct electromagnetic coupling to the fiber tow(s) in a resonant cavity of one or more microwave waveguide launchers and also provides direct radiative or IR heating from susceptor plates located on the opposite side of the tow from the waveguide opening for processing a band of multiple tows of fiber. It produces high-temperature-carbonized (HTC) fiber with shorter residence time and higher density compared to the conventional process. Its design is inherently scalable to larger production.

13. 发明授权

US5603795A Joining of thermoplastic substrates by microwaves 失效
标题翻译：通过微波连接热塑性基材
公开(公告)号：US5603795A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-18
申请号：US299559
申请日：1994-09-01
申请人： Felix L. Paulauskas , Thomas T. Meek
发明人： Felix L. Paulauskas , Thomas T. Meek
IPC分类号： B29C65/14 , B29C65/36 , H05K3/28 , B32B31/28
CPC分类号： H05K3/281 , B29C65/1425 , B29C65/1435 , B29C65/148 , B29C65/3644 , B29C66/1122 , B29C66/43 , B29C66/45 , B29C66/73921 , B29C66/81267 , B29C66/8322 , B29C65/3676 , B29C66/71 , B29C66/73941 , B29K2995/0027 , H05K2201/0129 , H05K2203/065 , H05K2203/102
摘要： A method for joining two or more items having surfaces of thermoplastic material includes the steps of depositing an electrically-conductive material upon the thermoplastic surface of at least one of the items, and then placing the other of the two items adjacent the one item so that the deposited material is in intimate contact with the surfaces of both the one and the other items. The deposited material and the thermoplastic surfaces contacted thereby are then exposed to microwave radiation so that the thermoplastic surfaces in contact with the deposited material melt, and then pressure is applied to the two items so that the melted thermoplastic surfaces fuse to one another. Upon discontinuance of the exposure to the microwave energy, and after permitting the thermoplastic surfaces to cool from the melted condition, the two items are joined together by the fused thermoplastic surfaces. The deposited material has a thickness which is preferably no greater than a skin depth, .delta..sub.s, which is related to the frequency of the microwave radiation and characteristics of the deposited material in accordance with an equation.
摘要翻译：用于连接具有热塑性材料表面的两个或多个物品的方法包括以下步骤：将导电材料沉积在至少一个物品的热塑性表面上，然后将两个物品中的另一个物品放置在一个物品之间，使得沉积的材料与一个和另一个物品的表面紧密接触。然后将沉积的材料和与其接触的热塑性表面暴露于微波辐射，使得与沉积材料接触的热塑性表面熔融，然后将压力施加到两个物品上，使得熔融的热塑性表面彼此熔合。在中断暴露于微波能量之后，并且在允许热塑性表面从熔融状态冷却之后，两个物体通过熔融的热塑性表面连接在一起。沉积材料的厚度优选不大于根据等式与微波辐射的频率和沉积材料的特性相关的趋肤深度δs。

14. 发明公开

US20240076808A1 Apparatus and Method for Close Proximity Carbonization of Polymeric Materials for Carbon Fiber Production 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20240076808A1
公开(公告)日：2024-03-07
申请号：US17902815
申请日：2022-09-03
申请人： William W. Wallace , Hippolyte A. Grappe , Felix L. Paulauskas , H. Felix Wu , Truman Bonds
发明人： William W. Wallace , Hippolyte A. Grappe , Felix L. Paulauskas , H. Felix Wu , Truman Bonds
IPC分类号： D01F9/32
CPC分类号： D01F9/32
摘要： An apparatus and method for the low temperature carbonization of a continuous tow of polymeric material fiber, such as PAN or other carbon fiber precursor materials at atmospheric pressure in an inert gas (usually nitrogen or argon) is disclosed. A pair of antennas are arranged within an electromagnetic cavity and face each other in an edgewise fashion for direct electromagnetic heating of the fiber tow as it passes between them. Supplemental background heating increases the dielectric loss of the fiber tow in order to improve absorption of electromagnetic energy and prevent arcing. The invention produces a higher density low temperature carbonized fiber in a shorter residence time compared to conventional low temperature carbonization.

15. 发明授权

US06372192B1 Carbon fiber manufacturing via plasma technology 失效
标题翻译：通过等离子体技术制造碳纤维
公开(公告)号：US06372192B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-16
申请号：US09493474
申请日：2000-01-28
申请人： Felix L. Paulauskas , Kenneth D. Yarborough , Thomas T. Meek
发明人： Felix L. Paulauskas , Kenneth D. Yarborough , Thomas T. Meek
IPC分类号： D01F912
CPC分类号： D01F9/22 , D01F9/12 , D01F9/145 , D01F9/16
摘要： The disclosed invention introduces a novel method of manufacturing carbon and/or graphite fibers that avoids the high costs associated with conventional carbonization processes. The method of the present invention avoids these costs by utilizing plasma technology in connection with electromagnetic radiation to produce carbon and/or graphite fibers from fully or partially stabilized carbon fiber precursors. In general, the stabilized or partially stabilized carbon fiber precursors are placed under slight tension, in an oxygen-free atmosphere, and carbonized using a plasma and electromagnetic radiation having a power input which is increased as the fibers become more carbonized and progress towards a final carbon or graphite product. In an additional step, the final carbon or graphite product may be surface treated with an oxygen-plasma treatment to enhance adhesion to matrix materials.
摘要翻译：所公开的发明引入了制造碳和/或石墨纤维的新方法，其避免了与常规碳化方法相关的高成本。本发明的方法通过利用与电磁辐射相关的等离子体技术从完全或部分稳定的碳纤维前体产生碳和/或石墨纤维来避免这些成本。通常，将稳定的或部分稳定化的碳纤维前体放置在无氧气氛中的轻微张力下，并且使用等离子体和电磁辐射进行碳化，其具有随着纤维变得更加碳化而进一步向功率输入增加的功率输入碳或石墨产品。在另外的步骤中，最终的碳或石墨产品可以用氧等离子体处理进行表面处理，以增强与基体材料的粘合性。

16. 发明授权

US5804801A Adhesive bonding using variable frequency microwave energy 失效
公开(公告)号：US5804801A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-08
申请号：US816162
申请日：1997-03-12
申请人： Robert J. Lauf , April D. McMillan , Felix L. Paulauskas , Zakaryae Fathi , Jianghua Wei
发明人： Robert J. Lauf , April D. McMillan , Felix L. Paulauskas , Zakaryae Fathi , Jianghua Wei
IPC分类号： B29C65/00 , B29C65/14 , B29C65/36 , H05B6/66 , H05B6/68 , H05B6/70 , H05B6/74 , H05B6/76 , H05B6/80 , H05K3/02 , H05B6/72 , B32B31/20
CPC分类号： H05B6/686 , B29C65/1425 , B29C65/1435 , B29C65/1483 , B29C65/1496 , B29C65/3412 , B29C65/3436 , B29C65/3444 , B29C65/3468 , B29C65/348 , B29C65/3484 , B29C65/3492 , B29C65/3496 , B29C65/4835 , B29C66/7212 , B29C66/72141 , B29C66/9121 , B29C66/9131 , B29C66/91411 , B29C66/91443 , B29C66/9161 , B29C66/91951 , B29C66/961 , H05B6/705 , B29C65/4825 , B29C65/484 , B29C65/4865 , B29C65/4875 , B29C65/4885 , B29C65/489 , B29C66/71 , B29C66/7394 , B29C66/73941 , B29C66/919 , B29C66/94 , B29C66/949 , B29C66/9592 , H05K3/022 , Y02B40/143 , Y02B40/146
摘要： Methods of facilitating the adhesive bonding of various components with variable frequency microwave energy are disclosed. The time required to cure a polymeric adhesive is decreased by placing components to be bonded via the adhesive in a microwave heating apparatus having a multimode cavity and irradiated with microwaves of varying frequencies. Methods of uniformly heating various articles having conductive fibers disposed therein are provided. Microwave energy may be selectively oriented to enter an edge portion of an article having conductive fibers therein. An edge portion of an article having conductive fibers therein may be selectively shielded from microwave energy.

17. 发明授权

US5721286A Method for curing polymers using variable-frequency microwave heating 失效
标题翻译：使用可变频率微波加热固化聚合物的方法
公开(公告)号：US5721286A
公开(公告)日：1998-02-24
申请号：US523902
申请日：1995-09-06
申请人： Robert J. Lauf , Don W. Bible , Felix L. Paulauskas
发明人： Robert J. Lauf , Don W. Bible , Felix L. Paulauskas
IPC分类号： B29C65/00 , B29C65/14 , B29C65/36 , H05B6/66 , H05B6/68 , H05B6/70 , H05B6/74 , H05B6/76 , H05B6/80 , C08J3/28 , C08J5/08 , C08J5/24
CPC分类号： H05B6/686 , B29C35/0805 , H05B6/705 , B29C2035/0855 , Y02B40/143
摘要： A method for curing polymers (11) incorporating a variable frequency microwave furnace system (10) designed to allow modulation of the frequency of the microwaves introduced into a furnace cavity (34). By varying the frequency of the microwave signal, non-uniformities within the cavity (34) are minimized, thereby achieving a more uniform cure throughout the workpiece (36). A directional coupler (24) is provided for detecting the direction of a signal and further directing the signal depending on the detected direction. A first power meter (30) is provided for measuring the power delivered to the microwave furnace (32). A second power meter (26) detects the magnitude of reflected power. The furnace cavity (34) may be adapted to be used to cure materials defining a continuous sheet or which require compressive forces during curing.
摘要翻译：一种固化聚合物（11）的方法，其包括设计成允许调节引入炉腔（34）的微波频率的变频微波炉系统（10）。通过改变微波信号的频率，空腔（34）内的非均匀性最小化，从而在整个工件（36）上实现更均匀的固化。定向耦合器（24）用于检测信号的方向，并根据检测到的方向进一步引导信号。提供第一功率计（30），用于测量传送到微波炉（32）的功率。第二功率计（26）检测反射功率的大小。炉腔（34）可以适用于固化限定连续片材的材料，或者在固化期间需要压缩力。

18. 发明公开

US20240076807A1 Apparatus and Method for Microwave Carbonization of Polymeric Materials for Carbon Fiber Production 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20240076807A1
公开(公告)日：2024-03-07
申请号：US17902818
申请日：2022-09-03
申请人： Hippolyte A. Grappe , William W. Wallace , Felix L. Paulauskas , H. Felix Wu , Joshua T. Brady
发明人： Hippolyte A. Grappe , William W. Wallace , Felix L. Paulauskas , H. Felix Wu , Joshua T. Brady
IPC分类号： D01F9/14 , D06M10/00
CPC分类号： D01F9/14 , D06M10/003
摘要： An apparatus is disclosed for electromagnetically and thermally treating polymeric materials, including PAN and other carbon fiber precursors at large scale at atmospheric pressure, while measuring the temperature in the closed environment of the process chamber. The apparatus is designed for continuous processing, and to be compatible with other stages of existing carbon fiber production lines. It provides direct electromagnetic coupling to the fiber tow(s) in the near-field region of one or more microwave waveguide launchers and also provides direct radiative or IR heating from susceptor plates located on the opposite side of the tow from the waveguide opening for processing a band of multiple tows of fiber. It produces low-temperature-carbonized (LTC) fiber with shorter residence time and higher density compared to the conventional process. Its design is inherently scalable to larger production. A related method is also disclosed.

19. 发明授权

US06375875B1 Diagnostic monitor for carbon fiber processing 失效
标题翻译：碳纤维加工诊断监视器
公开(公告)号：US06375875B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-23
申请号：US09492473
申请日：2000-01-27
申请人： Felix L. Paulauskas , Timothy S. Bigelow , Thomas T. Meek
发明人： Felix L. Paulauskas , Timothy S. Bigelow , Thomas T. Meek
IPC分类号： B29C4712
CPC分类号： G01N22/00 , B29C47/0014
摘要： A method for monitoring characteristics of materials includes placing a material in an application zone, measuring a change in at least one property value of the application zone caused by placing the material in the application zone and relating changes in the property value of the application zone caused by the material to at least one characteristic of the material An apparatus for monitoring characteristics of a material includes a measuring device for measuring a property value resulting from applying a frequency signal to the application zone after placing a material in the application zone and a processor for relating changes in the property value caused by placement of the material in the application zone to at least one desired characteristic of the material. The application zone is preferably a resonant cavity.
摘要翻译：用于监测材料特性的方法包括将材料放置在应用区域中，测量通过将材料放置在应用区域中引起的应用区域的至少一个属性值的变化，并且引起应用区域的属性值的变化通过该材料至该材料的至少一个特征。用于监测材料特性的装置包括：测量装置，用于测量在将材料放置在应用区域中之后将施加频率信号施加到应用区域所产生的属性值;以及处理器将材料在应用区域中的放置引起的属性值的变化与材料的至少一个期望特征相关联。应用区域优选地是谐振腔。

20. 发明授权

US5798395A Adhesive bonding using variable frequency microwave energy 失效
标题翻译：使用可变频率微波能量粘合
公开(公告)号：US5798395A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-25
申请号：US626207
申请日：1996-03-29
申请人： Robert J. Lauf , April D. McMillan , Felix L. Paulauskas , Zakaryae Fathi , Jianghua Wei
发明人： Robert J. Lauf , April D. McMillan , Felix L. Paulauskas , Zakaryae Fathi , Jianghua Wei
IPC分类号： B29C65/00 , B29C65/14 , B29C65/36 , H05B6/66 , H05B6/68 , H05B6/70 , H05B6/74 , H05B6/76 , H05B6/80 , H05K3/02 , C09J5/06 , B32B31/28 , H05B6/64
CPC分类号： H05B6/686 , B29C65/1425 , B29C65/1435 , B29C65/1483 , B29C65/1496 , B29C65/3412 , B29C65/3436 , B29C65/3444 , B29C65/3468 , B29C65/348 , B29C65/3484 , B29C65/3492 , B29C65/3496 , B29C65/4835 , B29C66/7212 , B29C66/72141 , B29C66/9121 , B29C66/9131 , B29C66/91411 , B29C66/91443 , B29C66/9161 , B29C66/91951 , B29C66/961 , H05B6/705 , B29C65/4825 , B29C65/484 , B29C65/4865 , B29C65/4875 , B29C65/4885 , B29C65/489 , B29C66/71 , B29C66/7394 , B29C66/73941 , B29C66/919 , B29C66/94 , B29C66/949 , B29C66/9592 , H05K3/022 , Y02B40/143 , Y02B40/146
摘要： Methods of facilitating the adhesive bonding of various components with variable frequency microwave energy are disclosed. The time required to cure a polymeric adhesive is decreased by placing components to be bonded via the adhesive in a microwave heating apparatus having a multimode cavity and irradiated with microwaves of varying frequencies. Methods of uniformly heating various articles having conductive fibers disposed therein are provided. Microwave energy may be selectively oriented to enter an edge portion of an article having conductive fibers therein. An edge portion of an article having conductive fibers therein may be selectively shielded from microwave energy.
摘要翻译：公开了利用可变频率微波能量促进各种部件的粘合的方法。固化聚合物粘合剂所需的时间通过将待粘合的组分经由粘合剂放置在具有多模腔的微波加热装置中并用不同频率的微波照射来降低。提供均匀加热其中设置有导电纤维的各种制品的方法。微波能量可以选择性地定向成进入其中具有导电纤维的制品的边缘部分。具有导电纤维的制品的边缘部分可以选择性地屏蔽微波能量。

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