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    • 11. 发明授权
      US6079631A Rail-fastening assembly 失效
    • Rail-fastening assembly
    • 轨道紧固组件
    • US6079631A
    • 2000-06-27
    • US737193
    • 1996-12-05
    • Hermann J. Ortwein , David Ronald Seeley , Stephen John Cox , Kenneth George Allen , Brian George Conroy , Martin David Somerset , Peter William Brindley , Andrew Garwood
    • Hermann J. Ortwein , David Ronald Seeley , Stephen John Cox , Kenneth George Allen , Brian George Conroy , Martin David Somerset , Peter William Brindley , Andrew Garwood
    • E01B9/60 , E01B9/66 , E01B19/00 , E01B9/44
    • E01B19/003 , E01B9/60 , E01B9/66
    • A railway rail support assembly (3), for resiliently suspending a railway rail (1) above a track foundation (2) at discrete locations along the rail (1), has rail supporting means through which a predetermined clamping load is exerted on the said rail (1) such that the assembly (3) has a desired resistance to longitudinal creep therethrough of the rail (1). The rail supporting means are preferably attached, when the assembly (3) is in use, to an approximately horizontal upper surface of the said track foundation (2). Such an assembly (3) may be provided by first and second brackets (31, 32) and first and second elastic members (33, 34). Each of the said first and second brackets (31, 32) has a bearing part (312, 322) and a base part (311, 321) (311, 321), the bearing part (312, 322) being located adjacent to either sides of the rail (1) when the assembly (3) is in use and the base part (311, 321) being located on an upper surface of the said track foundation (2). The first elastic member (33) is located between the first bracket (31) and the rail (1) and the second elastic member (34) is located between the rail (1) and the second bracket (32), when the assembly (3) is in use. The assembly (3) further comprises means for maintaining the said predetermined clamping load.
    • PCT No.PCT / GB95 / 00510 Sec。 371日期：1996年12月5日 102（e）日期1996年12月5日PCT 1996年3月6日PCT公布。 WO96 / 27709 PCT公开号 日期1996年9月12日铁路轨道支撑组件（3）用于沿轨道（1）的离散位置弹性悬挂轨道基座（2）上方的铁路轨道（1），具有轨道支撑装置，预定的夹紧负载 施加在所述轨道（1）上，使得组件（3）具有对轨道（1）的纵向蠕变的期望阻力。 当使用组件（3）时，轨道支撑装置优选地附接到所述轨道基座（2）的大致水平的上表面。 这种组件（3）可以由第一和第二支架（31,32）以及第一和第二弹性构件（33,34）提供。 所述第一和第二支架（31,32）中的每一个具有支承部分（312,322）和基部部分（311,321）（311,321），所述支承部分（312,322）位于 当组件（3）在使用中时，轨道（1）的侧面和基部（311,321）位于所述轨道基座（2）的上表面上。 第一弹性构件（33）位于第一支架（31）和轨道（1）之间，并且第二弹性构件（34）位于轨道（1）和第二支架（32）之间， 3）正在使用。 组件（3）还包括用于保持所述预定夹紧载荷的装置。
    • 基本信息 添加关注 加入工作空间 PDF全文 PDF下载 全文下载 相似专利 双屏查看 权利要求书 说明书全文 Global Dossier Espacenet 法律信息 同族专利 专利引用
    • 12. 发明授权
      US6058978A Polymeric pipe deformer and method for relining existing pipelines 失效
    • Polymeric pipe deformer and method for relining existing pipelines
    • 高分子管道变形器及其现有管道的改造方法
    • US6058978A
    • 2000-05-09
    • US682389
    • 1996-07-17
    • Stephen Paletta , Brian George , David A. Fletcher
    • Stephen Paletta , Brian George , David A. Fletcher
    • B29C63/34 , F16L55/165 , F16L55/162
    • B29C63/343 , F16L55/165 , F16L55/1654 , Y10S138/07
    • A method and apparatus for relining, repairing or reconstructing existing infrastructure pipeline systems that are new, structurally deficient or experiencing an excessive amount of exfiltration or infiltration, or converting new or damaged pipelines into dual-containment pipelines. A plurality of stock, high density polyethylene lining pipes having a cylindrical cross-section with a diameter up to 36 inches and lengths of 40-50 feet are joined together to a job specific length. The lining pipe is then heated to its flex temperature and gradually deformed to a reduced diameter. At the job site, the deformed lining pipe is inserted into the existing pipe and a controlled, pressurized environment is created therein for a period of time dependent on the pipe's length. Pressurized steam is first inserted to provide heat and internal pressure to expand the pipe. Then, compressed air is inserted to cool the pipe while maintaining the internal pressure to complete the expansion and set the pipe. When converting to dual-containment pipelines, the deformed pipe will have a plurality of spacers attached thereon such that the existing and deformed pipes are axially aligned and have an annular space therebetween.
    • 一种用于重新修复或重建现有基础设施管道系统的方法和装置，这些管道系统是新的，结构上不足的或经历过量的渗透或渗透，或将新的或损坏的管道转换为双重遏制管道。 多个具有直径高达36英寸且长度为40-50英尺的圆柱形横截面的高密度聚乙烯内衬管道连接在一起，具有特定工作长度。 然后将衬管加热至其柔性温度并逐渐变形至减小的直径。 在作业现场，将变形的衬管插入现有的管道中，并在其中产生受控制的加压环境，持续一段时间取决于管道的长度。 首先插入加压蒸汽以提供热量和内部压力以使管道膨胀。 然后，插入压缩空气以冷却管道，同时保持内部压力以完成膨胀并设置管道。 当转换成双重收容管道时​​，变形的管道将具有附接在其上的多个间隔件，使得现有和变形的管道轴向对准并且在其间具有环形空间。
    • 基本信息 添加关注 加入工作空间 PDF全文 PDF下载 全文下载 相似专利 双屏查看 权利要求书 说明书全文 Global Dossier Espacenet 法律信息 同族专利 专利引用
    • 18. 发明授权
      US3947574A Solid sterilizing compositions 失效
    • Solid sterilizing compositions
    • 固体灭菌组合物
    • US3947574A
    • 1976-03-30
    • US158047
    • 1971-06-29
    • Brian George Jaggers , Keith Frederick Ufton , Horst Richard Wagner
    • Brian George Jaggers , Keith Frederick Ufton , Horst Richard Wagner
    • C07F7/00 , A01N9/00 , A01N11/00 , A61K7/46 , C11B9/00
    • C07F7/006
    • Sterilising composition comprising a chemical reactive compound with a perfumery alcohol or phenol such as bleaching, scouring, chemical cleansing and sanitary sterilising, e.g. mobile toilet, compositions are perfumed by the incorporation therein of one or more monomeric or oligomeric titanium or zirconium esters of a perfumery alcohol or phenol. Preferred esters are monomeric titanate esters of formula Ti(OR).sub.4 where R is the residue of a perfumery alcohol or phenol. Said oligomers are prepared by hydrolysis of a monomeric titanate or zirconate ester with from 50 to 90 moles water per 100 moles monomeric ester. Said sterilising compositions provide controlled release of perfume by hydrolysis of said esters during use and exhibit reduced degradation of said perfumery alcohol or phenol during storage.This invention relates to solid sterilising compositions used for cleansing or sanitary purposes such as bleaches, scouring compositions comprising chemical cleansing agents and sanitary sterilising compositions as used, for example, in mobile toilets.Such compositions invariably comprise reactive chemicals such as hypochlorites, chlorocyanurates, chlorinated trisodium polyphosphate solid peroxidic agents, alkalis such as caustic soda, or acidic materials such as the "Nitrecake" sanitary compositions. Where, as is normally the case, the compositions are required to be perfumed the presence of these reactive chemicals imposes a limitation on the range of perfumery chemicals which may be used. Perfumery alcohols and phenols in particular tend to be degraded by the aforesaid chemicals especially by caustic soda as normally used in mobile toilets.Our co-pending applications Ser. Nos. 158,048 and 158,049 filed of even date herewith disclose the use in solid washing compositions of, respectively, monomeric and oligomeric titanate and zirconate esters of perfumery alcohols and phenols. These materials have low volatility and may be retained in solid washing compositions almost indefinitely under anhydrous conditions. On coming into contact with water they hydrolyse, liberating the perfumery alcohol or phenol, at a rate dependent upon the temperature, pH, quantity of water and the chemical nature of the ester. The aforesaid monomeric esters have the formula MA.sub.4, where M is titanium or zirconium and the groups A are the same or different organic groups, at least one of which is a group of the formula [-- O -- R], where R is the residue of a perfumery alcohol or phenol. The aforesaid oligomeric esters have the formula ##EQU1## where M and A are as hereinbefore defined and n is an integer and are prepared by reaction of a monomeric ester MA.sub.4 with from 50 to 90 moles preferably 50 to 80 moles, most preferably 50 to 60 moles of water per 100 moles monomeric ester.We have now discovered that these monomeric and oligomeric titanate and zirconate esters of perfumery alcohols and phenols may be used in the aforesaid sterilising compositions to retain the perfumery alcohol or phenol structure almost indefinitely without degradation under anhydrous conditions. On coming into contact with water, as will occur when the compositions are put to use, the perfume is liberated to perform its required function.Accordingly, the invention provides solid sterilising compositions comprising a chemical reactive with perfumery alcohols or phenols and a titanium or zirconium compound containing one or more groups of the formula M--O--R, where M is titanium or zirconium and R is the residue of a perfumery alcohol or phenol.The novel sterilising compositions may be any such as mentioned above comprising a reactive chemical used as a sterilising agent, chlorine or oxygen releasing cleansing agents such as hypochlorites, chlorocyanurates, chlorinated phosphate derivatives such as chlorinated trisodium polyphosphate, highly basic chemicals such as lime or caustic alkalis or acidic materials such as used in the well known "nitre cake" compositions. The invention is particularly applicable to those compositions comprising caustic alkalis, especially caustic soda.The titanium or zirconium compound may be any such as described in our aforesaid copending Applications having the formula ##EQU2## where m is zero or an integer, M is titanium or zirconium and the groups A are the same or different organic groups, at least one of which is a group [-- O -- R], where R is the residue of a perfumery alcohol or phenol. The perfumery alcohol or phenol may be any odoriferous mono or polyhydric alcohol or phenol used or suggested for use in perfumery compositions, for example such as described in the books `Synthetic Perfumes` by West, Strausz and Barton, published by Arnold & Co. (London) 1969, `Soap, Perfumery and Cosmetics`, 7th Edition by W. A. Poucher, published by Chapman & Hall (London), 1959 and `Perfume and Flavour Chemicals` by Steffen Arctander, published by the author (Montclair) 1969. In particular, possible such compounds include linalol, .beta.-phenyl ethyl alcohol; benzyl alcohol; menthol; n hexanol, .alpha.-terpineol; eugenol; cis - hex - 3 - en - 1 - ol; n-nonanol; citronellol; n-decanol; geraniol; nerol; myrcenol; dihydrocitronellol; dihydrolinalol; dihydrogeraniol; isoborneol; pelargol or 2, 6 - dimethyloctan - 8 - ol; farnesol, dihydrofarnesol, nerolidol, .alpha.-phenyl - n - propyl alcohol; -phenyl - n - butyl alcohol; -phenyl - n - amyl alcohol; cinnamyl alcohol; phenylethylene glycol; anisyl alcohol; odoriferous carbinols, such as dimethyl benzyl carbinol; phenylethyldimethyl carbinol; methylphenyl carbinol; dimethylphenylcarbinol; trichloromethyl phenylcarbinol, ethylbenzylcarbinol, methylbenzylcarbinol, isopropylbenzyl carbinol, ethyl - n - amylcarbinol, methyl - n - amyl-carbinol, .omega.- hydroxymethyllongifolene, carbinols obtainable by reaction of limonene with formaldehyde (see W. German O L S No. 19, 37, 017) such as 6 and 10 hydroxymethyl - 1, 8 - p - methadiene, and 8 - camphene carbinol (as described in West German O L S No. 19, 36, 209) 2 - hydroxy - .gamma. -pinene; verbenol; carveol; 2 - hydroxy - 6 - p - menthene; 5 - hydroxy - 3 - p - menthene; 3 - hydroxy -2,5 - dimethyl - 1,4, 6 - octatriene; 6,8 - dihydroxy - 1 - p - menthene; 1 - hydroxy - 2 - p - menthene; 4 - hydroxy - 2 - p- menthene; piperitol; carvitol; 3 - hydroxy - 1,1,2,3 -tetramethyl - 4 - cyclohexene; 3 - hydroxy - 2 - methyl - 6 - methylene - 1,7-octadiene, 1-hydroxy - 2 - methylene - 2,7 -octadiene, 3 - hydroxy - 2 - dimethyl - 1,7 octadiene and 1 -hydroxy - 2,6 - dimethyl - 2,6 - octadiene. Zirconate and titanate esters of residues of hydrocyacids corresponding to perfumery lactones may also be used; such perfumery lactones include ambrettolide; exaltolide and dihydroambrettolide.Phenol esters of titanates and zirconates which may be used in the compositions of the invention include those of vanillin; eugenol; ethylvanillin, homovanillin; isoeugenol; methyl-iso-eugenol; benzyl-iso-eugenol; thymol and p-tert-butylphenol.Most preferably all groups A in the titanate or zirconate esters are of the formula [O -- R] but where two groups A are to be non-perfumery groups they may also be comprised in the same molecule of a difunctional compound such as diol a hydroxy-acid or an alkylolamine such as triethanolamine. Such difunctional derivatives are generally less readily hydrolysed than derivatives of monofunctional organic groups. Alkylolamines and hydroxy-acids such as lactric acid also often form 6 co-ordinate chelated compounds with titanium and zirconium which further decreases the ease of hydrolysis. Diols which may be used include (2-methylpentane-2, 4-diol); 2-ethyl-hexane - 1,3 - diol and hexane 1,6 diol.The titanate or zirconate compounds may be either monomers or oligomers, according to whether m in the aforesaid general formula is zero or an integer. With oligomers it is preferred that they be mixtures formed by hydrolysis of from a monomeric ester of formula MA.sub.4 with from 50 to 90, more preferably 50 to 80 most preferably 50-60 moles water per 100 moles monomeric ester. Monomers are preferred over oligomers.Titanium compounds are preferred to zirconium as being cheaper.A titanate or zirconate ester for any particular use will be chosen with regard to the perfumery qualities of the alcohol or phenol, and the ease of hydrolysis and possibly the physical character, of the ester. Ease of hydrolysis generally decreases with increasing size of ester, phenol residues are also generally less readily hydrolysed than alcohol ones. Increasing degrees of polymerisation of the esters also reduce the susceptibility to hydrolysis, the most marked difference being between monomers and dimers. With monomers in which not all of the groups R are perfumery alcohol or phenol groups the choice of the other substituents will also effect the ease of liberation of the perfume due to the general property of orthotitanates that on hydrolysis the first two substituents to be hydrolysed are removed far more readily than the second two. Thus a mixed orthotitante comprising two perfumery alcohol or phenol substituents together with two difficultly hydrolysable substituents, e.g. a diol such as mentioned above, will tend to liberate perfume on hydrolysis more readily than will a mixed ester comprising two perfumery alcohol or phenol substituents together with two nonperfumery substituents which are more readily hydrolysed.The esters may either be liquid or solid. Oligomers are generally solid. Monomeric orthotitanate alcohol esters are generally liquid where the substituents contain not more than about 10 to 12 carbon atoms; esters with larger substituent groups are normally solid. In most cases phenol esters are either solids or very high boiling liquids.Besides the aforesaid titanate and zirconate esters the novel compositions will normally contain other known perfumery compounds which do not chemically interact with the titanates or zirconates and the odours of which harmonize to form a perfumery blend. In general both the titanate and zirconate oligomers will be compatible with most of the diversity of materials known to perfumers in compounding perfumery compositions according to well-established principles, e.g. materials such as described in the books `Synthetic Perfumes`, by West Strausz and Barton; published by Arnold and Co. (London) 1969 and `Soap, Perfumery and Cosmetics`, Vol II, 7th Edition, by Poucher, published by Chapman & Hall Ltd. (London), 1959, and `Perfume and Flavour Chemicals` by Steffen Arctander published by the author (Montclair USA) 1969.The titanate and zirconate esters for use according to the invention may be prepared by known means, e.g. by reaction of titanium tetrachloride with excess alcohol or phenol. Removal of hydrogen chloride liberated by the reaction is necessary in order to effect substitution greater than disubstitution and this may be done either by conducting the reaction in the presence of metallic sodium or by passing anhydrous ammonia through the reaction mixture. After reaction unreacted alcohol or phenol may be removed from the mixture by distillation, if necessary under reduced pressure. The titanium or zirconium ester product may be purified by distillation if desired. The esters may also readily be prepared from tetra-esters by alcohol or phenol interchange using stoichiometric quantities of alcohol and preferably starting from the ester of the lower boiling alcohol which latter may be removed by distillation as the reaction proceeds. Tetra (n-butyl) titanate is often a convenient starting material. Mixed esters containing residues of both perfumery and non-perfumery alcohols or phenols or esters containing residues of different perfumery alcohols or phenols may be prepared by the same means. Orthotitanates or zirconates may also be reacted with carboxylic acids, hydroxycarboxylic acids or other chelating agents such as alkylolamines in similar fashion to give esters containing both perfumery and non-perfumery substituents. In all such cases reactions are conveniently conducted by concurrent removal of displaced alcohol.The mixed oligomeric esters may be prepared by hydrolysis of the monomeric titanate or zirconate esters using from 50 to 90, more preferably 50 to 80, most preferably 50 to 60, moles water per 100 moles monomeric ester. The hydrolysis may be effected by simply adding the predetermined quantity of water to a known quantity of a monomeric titanate or zirconate ester (MA.sub.4) and subsequently recovering an oligomeric mixture from the product. Where the oligomeric mixture is a solid it will be formed in the reaction product as a precipitate which may be filtered off. Otherwise the liberated alcohol may be distilled off, preferably under reduced pressure, to leave a liquid oligomeric mixture product although it may be desirable to leave any liberated perfumery alcohol in the product to enhance its odour characteristcs. Preferably the hydrolysis is carried out in the presence of an inert, watermiscible organic solvent such as dioxane.We are uncertain of the nature of the oligomeric mixtures obtainable by any given hydrolysis. The obvious reaction scheme might be expected to be according to the equations (for hydrolysis of a monomer M(OR).sub.4): ##EQU3## and so on. In the general case of hydrolysis of a monomer MA.sub.3 OR the reaction would be expected to stop at the dimer stage if the groups A were not hydrolysable. With a monomer (M(OR).sub.4 a whole series of oligomers and polymers up to the ultimate formation of the oxide MO.sub.2 would be possible. However we believe that the reactions occurring are actually far more complicated than the above scheme suggests. For example reaction of a titanium monomeric ester Ti(OR).sub.4 with water in a 2:1 molar ratio appears to yield a trimer and not a dimer as the above equations would predict. We have in fact been unable to detect any dimeric material in the reaction product.By using as a starting material an orthotitanate or orthozicronate ester of two or more perfumery alcohols or phenols, or by subjecting a mixture of two or more ortho esters of different perfumery alcohols or phenols to controlled hydrolysis it is also possible to obtain a mixed oligomer containing different perfumery groups with varying susceptibilities to hydrolysis.The quantity of titanium or zirconium compound employed in the novel sterilising compositions may vary widely depending upon the nature of the composition, the nature of the perfumery alcohol or phenol from which the titanium or zirconium compound derives and upon the nature of any other perfumery materials in the composition. Thus a sanitary sterilising composition will normally comprise from 0.2 to 20% more usually 0.5 to 10% by weight of a compounded perfumery composition, whereas a scouring powder will generally comprise from 0.05 to 1%, more usually 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of compounded perfumery composition. In the present application, where, as will usually be so, the titanium or zirconium compound is used as an ingredient of a compounded perfumery composition that composition may consist largely or predominantly of the titanium or zirconium compound if the latter is employed primarily on account of the perfumery note of the derived alcohol or phenol ROH or the composition may comprise relatively small amounts of the titanium or zirconium compound where the latter is used on account of its fixative effect on other perfumery materials.In the general case, therefore, the titanium or zirconium compound will be used as part of a compounded perfumery composition of which it comprises from 1 to 98% by weight, more usually 2 to 70% by weight. The compounded perfumery composition itself may represent from 0.05 to 10% more usually 0.05 to 5%, say 0.1 to 5% by weight of the sterilising composition. Where the titanium or zirconium compound is used alone and not as part of a compounded perfumery composition it will generally be used in quantities of from 0.05 to 10% more usually 0.05 to 5%, say 0.1 to 5% by weight in the sterilising composition.The novel compositions may be compounded by any appropriate known methods of mixing. Normally the titanate or zirconate ester will be used in conjunction with other perfurmery compounds and the sterilising composition will be prepared by admixture of all the perfumery components in the form of a compounded perfumery composition to the other ingredients of the sterlising composition.
    • 包括化学反应性化合物与香料醇或苯酚的灭菌组合物，例如漂白，冲洗，化学清洁和卫生消毒，例如， 移动式马桶，组合物通过掺入一种或多种香料醇或苯酚的单体或低聚钛或锆酯而被加香。 优选的酯是式Ti（OR）4的单体钛酸酯，其中R是香料醇或苯酚的残基。 所述低聚物通过用50至90摩尔水/ 100摩尔单体酯水解单体钛酸酯或锆酸酯酯来制备。 所述灭菌组合物在使用期间通过所述酯的水解提供香料的受控释放，并且在储存期间显示所述香料醇或苯酚的降解降低。
    • 基本信息 添加关注 加入工作空间 PDF全文 PDF下载 全文下载 相似专利 双屏查看 权利要求书 说明书全文 Espacenet 法律信息 同族专利 专利引用
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