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    • 1. 发明授权
    • Method for establishing the driving direction of a vehicle with an
electronic compass
    • 用电子罗盘确定车辆行驶方向的方法
    • US4738031A
    • 1988-04-19
    • US005030
    • 1986-11-17
    • Gunter AlberterHarald BauerReinhard HelldorferPeter IttnerHans Rauch
    • Gunter AlberterHarald BauerReinhard HelldorferPeter IttnerHans Rauch
    • G01C17/28G01C17/38G01P13/02
    • G01C17/38G01P13/02
    • A method for establishing the driving direction of a motor vehicle is suggested with an electronic compass which is provided with a magnetometer having two probes being turned by 90.degree. with respect to each other and an evaluation circuit. For establishing the ground field (He) and its angle (.phi.') in a vector diagram (X,Y) at first the measuring points (M1 . . . M4) with the maximum and minimum values (x,y) of the elliptical polar frequency (O) of the magnetic field (H) measured on the magnotemeter by turning the vehicle are picked up and from this the vector of a fixed interference field (Hs) with the coordinates of the center point (P) is established as a parameter of the polar frequency (O). Thereafter, the measuring points (M5 . . . M8) of the magnetic field (H) with the maximum and minimum distances of the points on the polar frequency (O) with respect to its center point (P) are picked up and from this the length of the semiaxis (a,b) are established as parameters of the polar frequency (O). The rotating angle (.alpha.) of the polar frequency (O) is established as a parameter from the measuring values of one of these measuring points and the center point (P). Finally, during the drive the driving direction is calculated from the measured values of the magnetic field (H) and the established parameters of the polar frequency (O) by means of an algorithm (FIG. 2).
    • PCT No.PCT / DE85 / 00494 Sec。 371日期:1986年11月17日第 102(e)日期1986年11月17日PCT 1985年11月27日PCT PCT。 出版物WO86 / 05584 日本1986年9月25日。一种用于建立机动车辆行驶方向的方法是用电子罗盘提出的,该电子罗盘设置有具有相对于彼此旋转90度的两个探针的磁力计和评估电路。 为了在矢量图(X,Y)中建立地面场(He)及其角度(phi'),首先测量点(M1 ... M4)具有椭圆的最大值和最小值(x,y) 拾取通过转动车辆在电压表上测量的磁场(H)的极坐标频率(O),并且由此将具有中心点(P)的坐标的固定干涉场(Hs)的向量建立为 参数极坐标(O)。 此后,拾取磁极(H)的极点频率(O)上的极点相对于其中心点(P)的最大和最小距离的测量点(M5 ... M8),从该点 半轴(a,b)的长度被确定为极坐标频率(O)的参数。 从这些测量点和中心点(P)之一的测量值建立极坐标频率(O)的旋转角(α)作为参数。 最后,在驱动期间,通过算法(图2)从磁场(H)的测量值和极坐标频率(O)的已建立参数计算驱动方向。
    • 2. 发明授权
    • Method of determining the location of a navigational magnetic field
sensor in a vehicle
    • 确定车辆中导航磁场传感器的位置的方法
    • US4782453A
    • 1988-11-01
    • US898376
    • 1986-08-20
    • Harald BauerReinhard Helldorfer
    • Harald BauerReinhard Helldorfer
    • G01C17/28G01C17/38
    • G01C17/38
    • To determine the optimal location for a magnetic field sensor in a navigational system in a vehicle, the field sensor is preliminarily and releasably secured at a first location in the vehicle, and then the vehicle is rotated by 360.degree., for example by moving it in a circular course. An evaluation circuit is connected to the field sensor which determines the maximum or minimum value of the entire field vector (H.sub.x, H.sub.y). The level of the disturbance field (Hs.sub.x, Hs.sub.y) is determined by carrying out the calculation by adding half of the respective maximum and minimum values in the respective vectorial directions. The steps are then repeated with a different location of the sensor and, when a minimum disturbance field is determined, the sensor can be secured to the vehicle. If the vehicle contains electrical equipment or appliances generating electromagnetic fields, for example electric motors, rear window defroster windings or the like, the testing steps should be repeated with the appliance energized so that any stray field generated thereby will not disturb the field sensor. Preferably, the disturbance field should be not over half of the saturation field of the sensor and, most desirably, should not be over half of geomagnetic field of about 16 A/m.
    • 为了确定车辆的导航系统中的磁场传感器的最佳位置,场传感器被预先和可释放地固定在车辆的第一位置,然后车辆旋转360°,例如通过将其移动到 圆形课程。 评估电路连接到场传感器,其确定整个场矢量(Hx,Hy)的最大值或最小值。 干扰场(Hsx,Hsy)的电平通过在相应的矢量方向上加上相应的最大值和最小值的一半进行计算来确定。 然后用传感器的不同位置重复步骤,并且当确定最小干扰场时,传感器可以固定到车辆。 如果车辆包含产生电磁场的电气设备或电器,例如电动马达,后窗除霜器绕组等,则应在设备通电时重复测试步骤,使得由此产生的任何杂散场不会干扰场传感器。 优选地,扰动场应不超过传感器的饱和场的一半以上,最理想的是不应超过约16A / m的地磁场的一半以上。
    • 6. 发明申请
    • Flameproof Agent Stabiliser Combination for Thermoplastic and Duroplastic Polymers
    • 防火剂稳定剂组合用于热塑性塑料和杜尔塑料聚合物
    • US20130210975A1
    • 2013-08-15
    • US13643784
    • 2011-04-20
    • Sebastian HoeroldHarald BauerMichael Hill
    • Sebastian HoeroldHarald BauerMichael Hill
    • C08K13/02
    • C08K13/02C08K3/016C08K5/5313C08K2201/014C09K21/12
    • The invention relates to a novel flameproof agent stabiliser combination for thermoplastic and duroplastic polymers, containing, as component A 25 - 97.7 wt % of a dialkylphosphinic acid salt of formula (I) and/or a diphosphinic acid salt of formula (II) and/or polymers thereof, wherein R1, R2 are the same or different and represent C1-C6-alkyl, linear or branched and/or aryl; R3 represents C1-C10-alkylene, linear or branched, C6-C10-arylene, C7-C20-alkylarylene or C7-C20-arylalkylene; M represents Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Zn, Fe, Zr, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Li, Na, K and/or a protonated nitrogen base; m represents 1-4; n represents 1-4; x represents 1-4, as component B 2-45 wt. % of a monoalkylphosphinic acid salt of general formula (Ill), wherein R4 represents C1-C6-alkyl, linear or branched; M represents Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Zn, Fe, Zr, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Li, Na, K and/or a protonated nitrogen base; representing, as component C 0.3 - 30 wt. % of a synergist containing nitrogen or a phosphorous/nitrogen flameproof agent and as component D 0-10 wt. % of a zinc salt or a basic or amphoteric oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, silicate, borate, stannate, mixed oxide-hydroxides, oxide-hydroxide-carbonate, hydroxide-silicates or hydroxide-borates or mixtures of said substances, as components E 0-3 wt. % phosphonite or a phosphonite/phosphite mixture and as component F 0-3 wt.% of an ester or salt of long-chained carboxylic acids, the total of the components always amounting to 100 wt. %.
    • 本发明涉及用于热塑性和硬质聚合物的新型防火剂稳定剂组合物,其包含作为组分A 25-97.7重量%的式(I)的二烷基次膦酸盐和/或式(II)的二次膦酸盐和/ 或其聚合物,其中R 1,R 2相同或不同,表示C 1 -C 6 - 烷基,直链或支链和/或芳基; R 3表示C 1 -C 10亚烷基,直链或支链的C 6 -C 10亚芳基,C 7 -C 20 - 烷基亚芳基或C 7 -C 20 - 芳基亚烷基; M表示Mg,Ca,Al,Sb,Sn,Ge,Ti,Zn,Fe,Zr,Ce,Bi,Sr,Mn,Li,Na,K和/或质子化氮碱; m表示1-4; n表示1-4; x表示1-4,作为组分B 2-45wt。 %的通式(III)的单烷基次膦酸盐,其中R 4表示直链或支链的C 1 -C 6 - 烷基; M表示Mg,Ca,Al,Sb,Sn,Ge,Ti,Zn,Fe,Zr,Ce,Bi,Sr,Mn,Li,Na,K和/或质子化氮碱; 作为组分C 0.3〜30wt。 %的含氮或磷/氮防火剂的增效剂和作为组分D 0-10wt。 %的锌盐或碱性或两性氧化物,氢氧化物,碳酸盐,硅酸盐,硼酸盐,锡酸盐,混合氧化物 - 氢氧化物,氧化物 - 氢氧化物 - 碳酸盐,氢氧化物 - 硅酸盐或氢氧化物 - 硼酸盐或所述物质的混合物, -3重量% %亚膦酸盐或亚磷酸盐/亚磷酸盐混合物,并且作为组分F 0-3重量%的长链羧酸的酯或盐,总量总计为100重量% %。