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    • 8. 发明申请
    • METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR FINDING A TOOL CENTER POINT FOR A ROBOT USING AN EXTERNAL CAMERA
    • 使用外部摄像机找到机器人的工具中心点的方法和系统
    • US20090118864A1
    • 2009-05-07
    • US12264159
    • 2008-11-03
    • Bryce EldridgeSteven G. CareyLance F. Guymon
    • Bryce EldridgeSteven G. CareyLance F. Guymon
    • B25J13/08B25J19/04
    • B25J9/1692G05B2219/39007G05B2219/39016G05B2219/40545G05B2219/40611
    • Disclosed is a method and system for finding a relationship between a tool-frame of a tool attached at a wrist of a robot and robot kinematics of the robot using an external camera. The position and orientation of the wrist of the robot define a wrist-frame for the robot that is known. The relationship of the tool-frame and/or the Tool Center Point (TCP) of the tool is initially unknown. For an embodiment, the camera captures an image of the tool. An appropriate point on the image is designated as the TCP of the tool. The robot is moved such that the wrist is placed into a plurality of poses. Each pose of the plurality of poses is constrained such that the TCP point on the image falls within a specified geometric constraint (e.g. a point or a line). A TCP of the tool relative to the wrist frame of the robot is calculated as a function of the specified geometric constraint and as a function of the position and orientation of the wrist for each pose of the plurality of poses. An embodiment may define the tool-frame relative to the wrist frame as the calculated TCP relative to the wrist frame. Other embodiments may further refine the calibration of the tool-frame to account for tool orientation and possibly for a tool operation direction. An embodiment may calibrate the camera using a simplified extrinsic technique that obtains the extrinsic parameters of the calibration, but not other calibration parameters.
    • 公开了一种用于找到机器人手腕附近的工具的工具框与使用外部照相机的机器人的机器人运动学之间的关系的方法和系统。 机器人手腕的位置和方位定义了已知的机器人的腕架。 工具框和/或工具的工具中心点(TCP)之间的关系最初是未知的。 对于一个实施例,相机捕获该工具的图像。 图像上的一个适当点被指定为工具的TCP。 移动机器人使得手腕被放置成多个姿势。 多个姿势中的每个姿势受到限制,使得图像上的TCP点落在指定的几何约束(例如点或线)内。 根据指定的几何约束计算工具相对于机器人的腕架的TCP,并且作为多个姿态的每个姿态的手腕的位置和方向的函数来计算。 实施例可以相对于腕架来定义相对于腕架的工具框架,作为相对于腕架的计算的TCP。 其他实施例可以进一步细化工具框架的校准,以解决刀具取向并且可能地用于刀具操作方向。 实施例可以使用获得校准的外在参数而不是其它校准参数的简化外在技术校准摄像机。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Robot end-effector terminal control frame (TCF) calibration method and
device
    • 机器人终端控制框架(TCF)的校准方法和装置
    • US5297238A
    • 1994-03-22
    • US752790
    • 1991-08-30
    • Xuguang WangWalter E. RedPeter H. Manley
    • Xuguang WangWalter E. RedPeter H. Manley
    • B25J9/16B25J9/18G06F15/46G05B19/42
    • B25J9/1697B25J9/1692G05B2219/39007G05B2219/39026G05B2219/39057
    • A method for calibrating a tool control frame (TCF) on a robot with respect to a known calibration reference claim (CRF), wherein the (CRF) is in rigid body relationship with a robot link. The method includes the steps of (a) attaching a sensory tool to the robot link, (b) calibrating the sensory tool with appropriate units of measurement, (c) identifying a calibration feature to be mapped by the sensory tool, (d) causing relative movement of the calibration feature within sensing range of the sensory tool, (e) recording robot configuration and pose as a first data record, (f) causing relative movement of the calibration feature and sensory tool along a known direction to a new position within sensing range, (g) recording configuration and pose as a second data record, and (h) applying coordinate transformations to the respective data records to generate a correct tool control frame (TCF) pose with respect to the (CRF).
    • 一种用于相对于已知的校准参考权利要求(CRF)校准机器人上的工具控制框架(TCF)的方法,其中所述(CRF)与机器人链接处于刚体状态。 该方法包括以下步骤:(a)将感觉工具附接到机器人连杆上,(b)用适当的测量单位校准感官工具,(c)识别由感官工具映射的校准特征,(d)引起 校准特征在感觉工具的感测范围内的相对运动,(e)记录机器人配置和姿势作为第一数据记录,(f)使得校准特征和感觉工具沿已知方向相对运动到新位置内 感测范围,(g)作为第二数据记录的记录配置和姿势,以及(h)将坐标变换应用于相应的数据记录以产生相对于(CRF)的正确的工具控制帧(TCF)姿态。