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    • 3. 发明授权
    • Automotive hydrocarbon sensor
    • 汽车碳氢传感器
    • US06242263B1
    • 2001-06-05
    • US09203085
    • 1998-12-01
    • Margaret K. FaberYuming XieZhigang Zhou
    • Margaret K. FaberYuming XieZhigang Zhou
    • F01N310
    • G01N25/30F01N11/00F01N2550/02F02B77/08G01N27/16G01N33/0047Y02T10/47Y10T436/208339Y10T436/218
    • A system for measuring the non-methane HC concentration of gas sample, e.g., automotive exhaust gas, comprises a sensor catalyst capable of selectively oxidizing the combination of CO+H2+alkene hydrocarbons in a gas sample and a catalytic differential calorimetric sensor downstream of the sensor catalyst, capable of producing an output signal representative of the exothermic effect of oxidation of the remaining aromatic and alkane hydrocarbons in the gas sample. The system also includes a heater for maintaining both the sensor catalyst and the catalytic calorimetric sensor at a temperature sufficient to achieve substantially complete oxidation of the CO+H2+alkene hydrocarbon combination and the aromatic and alkane hydrocarbons, respectively. Lastly, the system includes a means for analyzing the output signal representative of the concentration of unburned aromatic and alkane hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas to determine concentration of the total non-methane hydrocarbon species. A method carried out by the system comprises the following steps: (1) contacting a portion of a exhaust gas sample with a sensor catalyst which selectively oxidizes a combination of CO+H2+alkene hydrocarbons; and thereafter, (2) contacting the oxidized portion of the exhaust gas sample with a sensor producing an output signal representative of the concentration of the remaining aromatic and alkane hydrocarbons in the oxidized exhaust gas portion; (3) analyzing the output signal thereby determining the total hydrocarbon concentration in the exhaust gas.
    • 用于测量气体样品(例如汽车废气)的非甲烷HC浓度的系统包括能够选择性地氧化气体样品中的CO + H 2 +烯烃与催化差示热量传感器的组合的传感器催化剂 传感器催化剂,其能够产生表示气体样品中剩余的芳烃和烷烃的氧化的放热效应的输出信号。 该系统还包括加热器,用于将传感器催化剂和催化量热传感器保持在足以实现CO + H 2 +烯烃烃组合和芳烃和烷烃分别基本上完全氧化的温度。 最后,该系统包括用于分析代表排气中未燃芳烃和烷烃浓度的输出信号的装置,以确定总非甲烷烃类物质的浓度。 该系统执行的方法包括以下步骤:(1)将废气样品的一部分与选择性氧化CO + H 2 +烯烃的组合的传感器催化剂接触; (2)使废气样品的氧化部分与传感器接触,该传感器产生表示氧化废气部分中剩余的芳烃和烷烃的浓度的输出信号; (3)分析输出信号,从而确定废气中的总烃浓度。
    • 4. 发明授权
    • Top cap process for reducing polarization dependent wavelength shift in planar lightwave circuits
    • 用于减小平面光波电路中的偏振相关波长偏移的顶盖工艺
    • US06826345B1
    • 2004-11-30
    • US10165903
    • 2002-06-10
    • Fan ZhongFarnaz ParhamiZhigang Zhou
    • Fan ZhongFarnaz ParhamiZhigang Zhou
    • G02B610
    • G02B6/126G02B2006/121
    • One aspect of the invention relates to a PLC containing at least one waveguide on a bottom clad layer, each waveguide having a top cap layer on an upper surface thereof, and a top clad layer over the waveguides having the top cap on the upper portion thereof. The presence of the top cap reduces waveguide birefringence and resultant polarization dependence in PLCs, particularly for reducing polarization dependent wavelength shift in AWGs. Another aspect of the invention relates to methods of making PLCs involving forming a waveguide layer on a bottom clad layer, forming a top cap layer on the waveguide layer, patterning the waveguide layer and the top cap layer using a mask to form waveguides having a top cap on an upper portion thereof, and forming a top clad layer over the waveguides having the top cap on the upper portion thereof.
    • 本发明的一个方面涉及一种在底部包层上含有至少一个波导的PLC,每个波导在其上表面上具有顶盖层,并且在该波导上方的顶部覆盖层在其上部具有顶盖 。 顶盖的存在降低了PLC中的波导双折射和合成极化依赖性,特别是为了减少AWG中的偏振相关波长偏移。 本发明的另一方面涉及制造PLC的方法,其涉及在底部包层上形成波导层,在波导层上形成顶盖层,使用掩模对波导层和顶盖层进行图案化以形成具有顶部的波导 盖在其上部,并且在其上部具有顶盖的波导上形成顶部包层。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Automotive hydrocarbon sensor
    • 汽车碳氢传感器
    • US06344173B1
    • 2002-02-05
    • US09451075
    • 1999-11-30
    • Margaret K. FaberYuming XieZhigang Zhou
    • Margaret K. FaberYuming XieZhigang Zhou
    • H01N3112
    • G01N27/16Y10T436/208339Y10T436/218
    • A sensor for measuring the non-methane HC concentration of gas sample, e.g., automotive exhaust gas, the sensor comprises a sensor base, capable of producing a output signal representative of the exothermic effect of the hydrocarbon species in the gas sample. The sensor base has disposed on, and integral with, its surface, a porous selective oxidation catalyst layer comprising capable of selectively oxidizing a combination of CO+H2+alkene species in the gas sample and leaving unoxidized the alkane and aromatic hydrocarbons. The sensor base further includes a first supported resistance temperature device which has disposed thereon a total oxidation catalyst layer capable of oxidizing the remaining alkane and aromatic hydrocarbon species in the gas sample, and a non-catalyzed second resistance temperature device.
    • 用于测量气体样品(例如汽车废气)的非甲烷HC浓度的传感器包括传感器基座,能够产生代表气体样品中烃类物质的放热效应的输出信号。 传感器基座已经设置在其表面上并与其表面成一体,多孔选择氧化催化剂层包括能够选择性地氧化气体样品中的CO + H 2 +烯烃组合并留下未氧化的烷烃和芳族烃。 传感器基座还包括第一支撑电阻温度装置,其在其上设置有能够氧化气体样品中剩余的烷烃和芳族烃物质的总氧化催化剂层和非催化的第二电阻温度装置。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Method and system for removing an antiferromagnetic seed structure
    • 去除反铁磁种子结构的方法和系统
    • US08419953B1
    • 2013-04-16
    • US13170491
    • 2011-06-28
    • Wencheng SuZhigang ZhouJane AngMing Jiang
    • Wencheng SuZhigang ZhouJane AngMing Jiang
    • B44C1/22
    • H01L43/12G01R33/09G01R33/093G11B5/3163G11B5/3906G11B5/3929
    • A method for fabricating a transducer on a substrate is described. The transducer includes an antiferromagnetic seed structure. The antiferromagnetic seed structure includes a first NiFe layer, a first multilayer including a first Ru layer, a second NiFe layer, and a second multilayer including a second Ru layer. The second multilayer, the second NiFe layer and part of the first Ru layer are removed using a first wet etch, which uses a first etchant combination to remove NiFe and in which Ru is insoluble. The second Ru layer is removed through lift-off due to etching of the second NiFe layer. A remainder of the first Ru layer is removed through a second wet etch, which uses a second etchant combination to remove Ru. A remaining portion of the first multilayer and the first NiFe layer are removed through a third etch, which uses a third etchant combination that removes NiFe.
    • 描述了在衬底上制造换能器的方法。 换能器包括反铁磁种子结构。 反铁磁种子结构包括第一NiFe层,包括第一Ru层的第一多层,第二NiFe层和包含第二Ru层的第二层。 使用第一湿蚀刻去除第二层,第二NiFe层和第一Ru层的一部分,第一湿法蚀刻使用第一蚀刻剂组合去除NiFe,其中Ru不溶。 由于第二NiFe层的蚀刻,第二Ru层被剥离除去。 通过第二湿蚀刻去除第一Ru层的剩余部分,其使用第二蚀刻剂组合去除Ru。 通过第三蚀刻去除第一多层和第一NiFe层的剩余部分,该蚀刻使用去除NiFe的第三蚀刻剂组合。