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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Process for manipulating microscopic, dielectric particles and a device
therefor
    • 用于操作微观电介质颗粒的方法及其装置
    • US6149789A
    • 2000-11-21
    • US508079
    • 1995-07-27
    • Wolfgang BeneckeBernd WagnerGunter FuhrRolf HagedornThorsten Muller
    • Wolfgang BeneckeBernd WagnerGunter FuhrRolf HagedornThorsten Muller
    • B01F13/00B01J19/00B03C5/00B03C5/02G01N27/447G01N27/26
    • B01F13/0077B01F13/0076B01J19/0093B03C5/005B03C5/026B03C5/028B01F13/0059B01J2219/00853
    • Disclosed is a process for manipulating microscopic dielectric particles in which particles are exposed to an electric field. In disadvantaged processes the particles are exposed to inhomogeneous electric field and are polarized by them. The polarized particles are moved in the direction of higher field strength. These processes permit no reversal of the traveling direction of the particles. The particles are enriched at the electrode so that they cannot be retained in free space. In the invented process the particles are exposed to high-frequency field traveling in one or more prescribed direction, by which the particles are subject to a force which sets them in a motion that is strongly synchronous to the field. With the aid of a device for carrying out the invented process, the particles can be manipulated very flexibly. By means of linearly or circularly disposed electrodes, the particles can be moved on linear paths in any direction including through branched microstructures, they can be separated according to their dielectric properties and retained without contact. Applications are in the fields of biotechnology and molecular separation, focussing and microtransport technology.
    • 公开了一种操作微粒介质颗粒的方法,其中颗粒暴露于电场。 在不利的过程中,颗粒暴露于不均匀的电场,并被它们极化。 极化粒子沿高场强的方向移动。 这些处理不允许反转颗粒的行进方向。 颗粒在电极处富集,使得它们不能保留在自由空间中。 在本发明的方法中,颗粒暴露于在一个或多个规定方向上行进的高频场,通过该方法,颗粒受到将其设置成与场强同步的运动的力。 借助于用于实施本发明方法的装置,可以非常灵活地操纵颗粒。 通过线性或圆形设置的电极,颗粒可以在包括通过分支微结构的任何方向上在线性路径上移动,它们可以根据其介电性质分离并保持而不接触。 应用领域包括生物技术和分子分离,聚焦和微传输技术。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Cryopreserving and cryogenically processing biological objects
    • 冷冻保存和低温处理生物体
    • US5925511A
    • 1999-07-20
    • US836092
    • 1997-08-29
    • Gunter FuhrJan HornungRolf HagedornTorsten MullerSteffen HowitzBernd WagnerUlrich Hofmann
    • Gunter FuhrJan HornungRolf HagedornTorsten MullerSteffen HowitzBernd WagnerUlrich Hofmann
    • A01N1/00A01N1/02A01N3/00
    • A01N1/02A01N1/0257A01N1/0278A01N1/0294
    • For the fixated cryopreservation of single living biological objects or s objects compiled in a given number (for example cells) a cryogenically cooled substrate (13) is jetted therewith in a enveloping solution in microdroplet form (12) from a storage vessel, for example by means of a microdroplet jetting device (11). The substrate is temperature-controlled via a coolant (15), the surface to be jetted being located in a gas atmosphere or in vacuum (14). The substrate surface is maintained at a temperature T1 resulting in freezing of the impinging microdroplet, the substrate surface being possibly supportingly microstructured and comprising sensing elements. By controlled movement of either the substrate or the microdroplet jetting device the microdroplets can be applied singly and in patterns in arrays freely selectable or predetermined by the structuring of the substrate. The substrate with the applied microdroplets and the cells frozen therein are stored and/or processed by a processing means (17) ablating the material or applying said material at temperatures T2 of down to -273.degree. C. In the cryogenic condition manipulations such as removal by mechanical ablation or addition of solutions or substances to the surface of the substrate can be undertaken. During thawing the substrate surface is brought to a temperature T1 above the freezing point of the enveloping solution and the microdroplet array thawed in a predefined manner.
    • PCT No.PCT / DE95 / 01490 Sec。 371日期1997年8月29日 102(e)日期1997年8月29日PCT提交1995年10月26日PCT公布。 第WO96 / 13159号公报 日期1996年5月9日对于以一定数量(例如细胞)编制的单一活生物体或此类物体的固定式低温保存,将低温冷却的基底(13)以微滴形式(12)的包封溶液从储存容器 ,例如通过微滴喷射装置(11)。 衬底通过冷却剂(15)进行温度控制,待喷射的表面位于气体气氛或真空中(14)。 衬底表面保持在温度T1,导致撞击微滴的冻结,衬底表面可能被支撑地微结构化并且包括感测元件。 通过基板或微滴喷射装置的受控运动,微滴可以单独施加,并且可以通过基板的结构自由选择或预定的阵列中的图案施加。 具有施加的微滴和在其中冷冻的细胞的基质通过处理装置(17)储存和/或处理,该处理装置(17)在低至-273℃的温度T2下烧蚀材料或施加所述材料。在低温条件下操作,例如去除 可以通过机械消融或将溶液或物质添加到基材表面进行。 在解冻期间,将衬底表面的温度T1提高到高于包络溶液的凝固点并且微滴阵列以预定方式解冻。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Dielectric motor
    • 介质马达
    • US5726509A
    • 1998-03-10
    • US730907
    • 1991-10-21
    • Wolfgang BeneckeBernhard WagnerGunter FuhrRolf HagedornRoland GlaserJan Gimsa
    • Wolfgang BeneckeBernhard WagnerGunter FuhrRolf HagedornRoland GlaserJan Gimsa
    • H02K37/00H02N1/00
    • H02N1/004
    • A motor whose torque is not generated by magnetic fields but rather by dielectric forces to be used in microelectronics and micromechanics. The rotors are composed of several dielectrics, which are arranged in a sector-shaped or shell-shaped manner or partially or completely envelop each other. These motors can be miniaturized down to a size of a few millimeters. They are distinguished by having slow to medium rotation speeds, short starting phases (ms range and less), extremely low current consumption, simple construction, high running constancy and being practically maintenance free. The characteristic curve of rotation (rotation as the function of the field frequency) may be selected in many ranges by changing the dielectrics of the rotor.
    • PCT No.PCT / DE90 / 00067 Sec。 371日期1991年10月21日 102(e)日期1991年10月21日PCT提交1990年2月2日PCT公布。 第WO90 / 09057号公报 日期1990年8月9日电机的转矩不是由磁场产生的,而是由微电子学和微机械学中使用的介电力产生的。 转子由几个电介质组成,它们以扇形或壳形的方式布置或部分地或完全地彼此包围。 这些电机可以小型化至几毫米的尺寸。 它们的特点是具有慢到中等的转速,启动阶段短(ms范围小),极低的电流消耗,简单的结构,高运行稳定性和实际的免维护。 通过改变转子的电介质可以在许多范围内选择旋转的特性曲线(作为场频的函数的旋转)。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Device and method for adjusting ion concentrations
    • 用于调节离子浓度的装置和方法
    • US6129832A
    • 2000-10-10
    • US68764
    • 1998-07-14
    • Gunter FuhrRolf Hagedorn
    • Gunter FuhrRolf Hagedorn
    • G01N27/26B01J47/12G01N27/416G05D21/00G05D21/02
    • G05D21/02
    • A device for amperometric adjustment of an ion concentration in an adjustment solution comprises at least three chamber-shaped electrolyte regions, each with a control electrode and diffusion depressant means and which can be filled with electrolytes, whereby all electrolyte regions can be brought into contact with the adjustment solution in such a way that, when current flows through the control electrodes, ions can be transported from the electrolyte solutions through the diffusion depressant means into the adjustment solution or in the reverse direction, and means for supplying each electrolyte region with control currents. The device is designed for adjusting the pH value and/or an ion concentration of the adjustment solution different to the hydrogen ion concentration. At least two or all electrolyte regions are supported by a joint holding means.
    • PCT No.PCT / EP96 / 04794 371日期:1998年7月14日 102(e)日期1998年7月14日PCT 1996年11月4日PCT PCT。 公开号WO97 / 18503 日期1997年5月22日用于调节溶液中的离子浓度的电流计调整装置包括至少三个室形电解质区域,每个具有控制电极和扩散抑制装置,并且可以填充电解质,由此所有电解质区域可以 与调节溶液接触,使得当电流流过控制电极时,离子可以从电解质溶液通过扩散抑制装置输送到调节溶液中或者沿相反方向,以及用于供应每种电解质的装置 具有控制电流的区域。 该装置设计用于调节不同于氢离子浓度的调节溶液的pH值和/或离子浓度。 至少两个或所有电解质区域由接合保持装置支撑。