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1. 发明授权

US5237629A Digitally controlled distributed phase shifter 失效
标题翻译：数字控制分布式移相器
公开(公告)号：US5237629A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-17
申请号：US854024
申请日：1992-03-19
申请人： Vincent M. Hietala , Stanley H. Kravitz , Gregory A. Vawter
发明人： Vincent M. Hietala , Stanley H. Kravitz , Gregory A. Vawter
IPC分类号： G02F1/015 , G02F1/025 , G02F1/035 , H01P1/185 , H01Q3/36
CPC分类号： G02F1/025 , G02F1/0356 , H01P1/185 , H01Q3/36 , G02F2001/0151
摘要： A digitally controlled distributed phase shifter is comprised of N phase shifters. Digital control is achieved by using N binary length-weighted electrodes located on the top surface of a waveguide. A control terminal is attached to each electrode thereby allowing the application of a control signal. The control signal is either one or two discrete bias voltages. The application of the discrete bias voltages changes the modal index of a portion of the waveguide that corresponds to a length of the electrode to which the bias voltage is applied, thereby causing the phase to change through the underlying portion of the waveguide. The digitally controlled distributed phase shift network has a total phase shift comprised of the sum of the individual phase shifters.
摘要翻译：数字控制分布式移相器由N个移相器组成。通过使用位于波导顶表面上的N个二进制长度加权电极来实现数字控制。控制端子连接到每个电极，从而允许施加控制信号。控制信号是一个或两个离散偏置电压。离散偏置电压的应用改变了对应于施加偏置电压的电极的长度的波导的一部分的模态指数，从而导致相位通过波导的下面部分改变。数字控制的分布式相移网络具有由各个移相器的总和组成的总相移。

2. 发明授权

US5333000A Coherent optical monolithic phased-array antenna steering system 失效
标题翻译：相干光学单片相控阵天线转向系统
公开(公告)号：US5333000A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-26
申请号：US864825
申请日：1992-04-03
申请人： Vincent M. Hietala , Stanley H. Kravitz , Gregory A. Vawter
发明人： Vincent M. Hietala , Stanley H. Kravitz , Gregory A. Vawter
IPC分类号： G02F2/02 , H01Q3/26 , H01Q3/22 , G01B11/00
CPC分类号： H01Q3/2676 , G02F2/02
摘要： An optical-based RF beam steering system for phased-array antennas comprising a photonic integrated circuit (PIC). The system is based on optical heterodyning employed to produce microwave phase shifting by a monolithic PIC constructed entirely of passive components. Microwave power and control signal distribution to the antenna is accomplished by optical fiber, permitting physical separation of the PIC and its control functions from the antenna. The system reduces size, weight, complexity, and cost of phased-array antenna systems.
摘要翻译：一种用于包括光子集成电路（PIC）的相控阵天线的基于光的RF射束控制系统。该系统基于用于通过完全由无源部件构成的单片PIC产生微波相移的光学外差。通过光纤实现对天线的微波功率和控制信号分配，从而使PIC及其控制功能与天线物理分离。该系统减小了相控阵天线系统的尺寸，重量，复杂性和成本。

3. 发明授权

US5358928A High temperature superconductor step-edge Josephson junctions using Ti-Ca-Ba-Cu-O 失效
标题翻译：使用Ti-Ca-Ba-Cu-O的高温超导体步进约瑟夫逊结
公开(公告)号：US5358928A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-25
申请号：US949098
申请日：1992-09-22
申请人： David S. Ginley , Vincent M. Hietala , Gert K. G. Hohenwarter , Jon S. Martens , Thomas A. Plut , Chris P. Tigges , Gregory A. Vawter , Thomas E. Zipperian
发明人： David S. Ginley , Vincent M. Hietala , Gert K. G. Hohenwarter , Jon S. Martens , Thomas A. Plut , Chris P. Tigges , Gregory A. Vawter , Thomas E. Zipperian
IPC分类号： H01L39/22 , H01B12/00 , H01L27/12
CPC分类号： H01L39/225 , Y10S505/702 , Y10S505/783 , Y10S505/832
摘要： A process for formulating non-hysteretic and hysteretic Josephson junctions using HTS materials which results in junctions having the ability to operate at high temperatures while maintaining high uniformity and quality. The non-hysteretic Josephson junction is formed by step-etching a LaAlO.sub.3 crystal substrate and then depositing a thin film of TlCaBaCuO on the substrate, covering the step, and forming a grain boundary at the step and a subsequent Josephson junction. Once the non-hysteretic junction is formed the next step to form the hysteretic Josephson junction is to add capacitance to the system. In the current embodiment, this is accomplished by adding a thin dielectric layer, LaA1O.sub.3, followed by a cap layer of a normal metal where the cap layer is formed by first depositing a thin layer of titanium (Ti) followed by a layer of gold (Au). The dielectric layer and the normal metal cap are patterned to the desired geometry.
摘要翻译：使用HTS材料制备非迟滞和滞后的约瑟夫逊结的方法，其导致具有在高温下操作并且保持高均匀性和质量的能力的结。通过对LaAlO 3晶体衬底进行步骤蚀刻，然后在衬底上沉积TlCaBaCuO的薄膜，覆盖该步骤，并在该步骤和随后的约瑟夫逊结处形成晶界而形成非滞后约瑟夫逊结。一旦形成非滞后结，形成滞后约瑟夫逊结的下一步就是向系统增加电容。在当前的实施例中，这是通过添加薄的电介质层LaAlO3，其次是正常金属的覆盖层，其中通过首先沉积钛（Ti）的薄层，随后是金层 Au）。电介质层和普通金属帽被图案化成所需的几何形状。

4. 发明授权

US5270532A Traveling-wave photodetector 失效
标题翻译：行波光电探测器
公开(公告)号：US5270532A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-14
申请号：US898999
申请日：1992-06-15
申请人： Vincent M. Hietala , Gregory A. Vawter
发明人： Vincent M. Hietala , Gregory A. Vawter
IPC分类号： G02B6/42 , H01J40/14
CPC分类号： G02B6/42
摘要： The traveling-wave photodetector of the present invention combines an absorptive optical waveguide and an electrical transmission line, in which optical absorption in the waveguide results in a photocurrent at the electrodes of the electrical transmission line. The optical waveguide and electrical transmission line of the electrically distributed traveling-wave photodetector are designed to achieve matched velocities between the light in the optical waveguide and electrical signal generated on the transmission line. This velocity synchronization provides the traveling-wave photodetector with a large electrical bandwidth and a high quantum efficiency, because of the effective extended volume for optical absorption. The traveling-wave photodetector also provides large power dissipation, because of its large physical size.
摘要翻译：本发明的行波光检测器结合了吸收光波导和电传输线，其中波导中的光吸收导致在电传输线的电极处的光电流。电分布式行波光电检测器的光波导和电传输线被设计成实现光波导中的光与传输线上产生的电信号之间的匹配速度。由于光吸收的有效扩展体积，这种速度同步为行波光电探测器提供了大的电带宽和高量子效率。由于其物理尺寸较大，所以行波光电探测器还具有较大的功耗。

5. 发明授权

US08730562B1 Parallel optical sampler 有权
标题翻译：并行光采样器
公开(公告)号：US08730562B1
公开(公告)日：2014-05-20
申请号：US13292861
申请日：2011-11-09
申请人： Anna Tauke-Pedretti , Erik J. Skogen , Gregory A. Vawter
发明人： Anna Tauke-Pedretti , Erik J. Skogen , Gregory A. Vawter
IPC分类号： G02F2/00 , H01S5/00
CPC分类号： G02F7/00 , H03M1/1215 , H03M1/1245
摘要： An optical sampler includes a first and second 1×n optical beam splitters splitting an input optical sampling signal and an optical analog input signal into n parallel channels, respectively, a plurality of optical delay elements providing n parallel delayed input optical sampling signals, n photodiodes converting the n parallel optical analog input signals into n respective electrical output signals, and n optical modulators modulating the input optical sampling signal or the optical analog input signal by the respective electrical output signals, and providing n successive optical samples of the optical analog input signal. A plurality of output photodiodes and eADCs convert the n successive optical samples to n successive digital samples. The optical modulator may be a photodiode interconnected Mach-Zehnder Modulator. A method of sampling the optical analog input signal is disclosed.
摘要翻译：光采样器包括分别将输入光采样信号和光模拟输入信号分别分成n个并行通道的第一和第二1×n光束分离器，提供n个并行延迟输入光采样信号的多个光延迟元件，n个光电二极管将n个并行光模拟输入信号转换成n个相应的电输出信号，以及n个光调制器，通过相应的电输出信号调制输入光采样信号或光模拟输入信号，并提供光模拟输入信号的n个连续的光采样。多个输出光电二极管和eADC将n个连续的光学样本转换成n个连续的数字采样。光调制器可以是光电二极管连接的马赫 - 曾德调制器。公开了一种采样光模拟输入信号的方法。

6. 发明申请

US20130084074A1 Photonic Circuit 审中-公开
标题翻译：光电路
公开(公告)号：US20130084074A1
公开(公告)日：2013-04-04
申请号：US13248412
申请日：2011-09-29
申请人： Gregory A. Vawter , Jeff B. Lilley , Anna M. Tauke Pedretti , Rick C. Jones
发明人： Gregory A. Vawter , Jeff B. Lilley , Anna M. Tauke Pedretti , Rick C. Jones
IPC分类号： H04B10/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/2575
摘要： An integrated or monolithic photonic circuit that modulates RF signals onto optical signals and then performs a channelizing filter function according to the RF content. According to an exemplary embodiment, the photonic circuit is employed in an aircraft system that includes a front end, a photonic circuit, an optical connection, and an electronic module at some distant location in the aircraft. RF signals are received by an antenna in the front end, the RF signals are then modulated onto optical signals by a modulator and a laser, the modulated optical signals are filtered by a filter array according to a channelizing filter function, and the modulated and channelized optical signals are then carried over the optical connection to the electronic module. Other options like a wavelength-tunable laser and corresponding feedback feature, as well as ring filters with integrated semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) are also possible.
摘要翻译：一种集成或单片光子电路，其将RF信号调制到光信号上，然后根据RF内容执行信道化滤波器功能。根据示例性实施例，光子电路用于包括前端，光子电路，光学连接和在飞行器的某个远处位置的电子模块的飞行器系统。 RF信号由前端的天线接收，然后通过调制器和激光器将RF信号调制到光信号上，调制的光信号根据信道化滤波器函数被滤波器阵列滤波，调制和信道化光信号然后通过光连接被传送到电子模块。其他选项，如波长可调激光器和相应的反馈特性，以及具有集成半导体光放大器（SOAs）的环形滤波器也是可能的。

7. 发明授权

US08725004B1 Optical domain analog to digital conversion methods and apparatus 有权
标题翻译：光域模数转换方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US08725004B1
公开(公告)日：2014-05-13
申请号：US13359300
申请日：2012-01-26
申请人： Gregory A. Vawter
发明人： Gregory A. Vawter
IPC分类号： H04B10/04 , H03M1/12
CPC分类号： G02F7/00
摘要： Methods and apparatus for optical analog to digital conversion are disclosed. An optical signal is converted by mapping the optical analog signal onto a wavelength modulated optical beam, passing the mapped beam through interferometers to generate analog bit representation signals, and converting the analog bit representation signals into an optical digital signal. A photodiode receives an optical analog signal, a wavelength modulated laser coupled to the photodiode maps the optical analog signal to a wavelength modulated optical beam, interferometers produce an analog bit representation signal from the mapped wavelength modulated optical beam, and sample and threshold circuits corresponding to the interferometers produce a digital bit signal from the analog bit representation signal.
摘要翻译：公开了用于光模拟转换的方法和装置。通过将光学模拟信号映射到波长调制的光束上，将映射的光束通过干涉仪，以产生模拟比特表示信号，并将模拟比特表示信号转换为光学数字信号，来转换光学信号。光电二极管接收光模拟信号，耦合到光电二极管的波长调制激光器将光模拟信号映射到波长调制光束，干涉仪产生来自映射波长调制光束的模拟位表示信号，以及对应于干涉仪从模拟位表示信号产生数字位信号。

8. 发明授权

US06673254B1 Methods for fabricating a micro heat barrier 失效
标题翻译：制造微热障的方法
公开(公告)号：US06673254B1
公开(公告)日：2004-01-06
申请号：US10025446
申请日：2001-12-19
申请人： Albert C. Marshall , Stanley H. Kravitz , Chris P. Tigges , Gregory A. Vawter
发明人： Albert C. Marshall , Stanley H. Kravitz , Chris P. Tigges , Gregory A. Vawter
IPC分类号： B32B3100
CPC分类号： B81B3/0081 , B81B2203/0361
摘要： Methods for fabricating a highly effective, micron-scale micro heat barrier structure and process for manufacturing a micro heat barrier based on semiconductor and/or MEMS fabrication techniques. The micro heat barrier has an array of non-metallic, freestanding microsupports with a height less than 100 microns, attached to a substrate. An infrared reflective membrane (e.g., 1 micron gold) can be supported by the array of microsupports to provide radiation shielding. The micro heat barrier can be evacuated to eliminate gas phase heat conduction and convection. Semi-isotropic, reactive ion plasma etching can be used to create a microspike having a cusp-like shape with a sharp, pointed tip (
摘要翻译：用于制造高效微米级微阻隔结构的方法和基于半导体和/或MEMS制造技术制造微热阻的方法。该微热屏障具有高度小于100微米的非金属独立的微型支架的阵列，附着于基底。红外反射膜（例如，1微米金）可以由微支架阵列支撑以提供辐射屏蔽。微型隔热层可以抽真空，以消除气相热传导和对流。可以使用半各向同性的反应离子等离子体蚀刻来形成具有尖锐尖端（<0.1微米）的尖头状形状的微型卡口，以使尖端的接触面积最小化。热源可以直接放置在微型杯上。微热障可以具有在10 -6至10 -7 W / m-K范围内的明显的热导率。可以使用多层反射膜来增加耐热性。

9. 发明授权

US06605339B1 Micro heat barrier 失效
标题翻译：微热障
公开(公告)号：US06605339B1
公开(公告)日：2003-08-12
申请号：US10025449
申请日：2001-12-19
申请人： Albert C. Marshall , Stanley H. Kravitz , Chris P. Tigges , Gregory A. Vawter
发明人： Albert C. Marshall , Stanley H. Kravitz , Chris P. Tigges , Gregory A. Vawter
IPC分类号： B32B326
CPC分类号： B81B3/0081 , Y10T428/24802
摘要： A highly effective, micron-scale micro heat barrier structure and process for manufacturing a micro heat barrier based on semiconductor and/or MEMS fabrication techniques. The micro heat barrier has an array of non-metallic, freestanding microsupports with a height less than 100 microns, attached to a substrate. An infrared reflective membrane (e.g., 1 micron gold) can be supported by the array of microsupports to provide radiation shielding. The micro heat barrier can be evacuated to eliminate gas phase heat conduction and convection. Semi-isotropic, reactive ion plasma etching can be used to create a microspike having a cusp-like shape with a sharp, pointed tip (
摘要翻译：基于半导体和/或MEMS制造技术的高效微米级微阻隔结构和用于制造微热阻的方法。该微热屏障具有高度小于100微米的非金属独立的微型支架的阵列，附着于基底。红外反射膜（例如，1微米金）可以由微支架阵列支撑以提供辐射屏蔽。微型隔热层可以抽真空，以消除气相热传导和对流。可以使用半各向同性的反应离子等离子体蚀刻来形成具有尖锐尖端（<0.1微米）的尖头状形状的微型卡口，以使尖端的接触面积最小化。热源可以直接放置在微型杯上。微热障可以具有在10-6至10-7W / m-K范围内的明显的热导率。可以使用多层反射膜来增加耐热性。

10. 发明授权

US5745630A Cutoff-mesa isolated rib optical waveguide for III-V heterostructure photonic integrated circuits 失效
标题翻译：用于III-V异质结构光子集成电路的截止台面隔离肋光波导
公开(公告)号：US5745630A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-28
申请号：US603841
申请日：1996-02-22
申请人： Gregory A. Vawter , Robert E. Smith
发明人： Gregory A. Vawter , Robert E. Smith
IPC分类号： G02B6/12 , G02B6/122 , G02B6/10
CPC分类号： G02B6/122 , G02B2006/12078 , G02B2006/12097
摘要： A cutoff mesa rib waveguide provides single-mode performance regardless of any deep etches that might be used for electrical isolation between integrated electrooptic devices. Utilizing a principle of a cutoff slab waveguide with an asymmetrical refractive index profile, single mode operation is achievable with a wide range of rib widths and does not require demanding etch depth tolerances. This new waveguide design eliminates reflection effects, or self-interference, commonly seen when conventional rib waveguides are combined with deep isolation etches and thereby reduces high order mode propagation and crosstalk compared to the conventional rib waveguides.
摘要翻译：截止台面肋波导提供单模性能，而不管可能用于集成电光器件之间的电隔离的任何深刻蚀。利用具有不对称折射率分布的截止平板波导的原理，可以在宽范围的肋宽度下实现单模操作，并且不需要苛刻的蚀刻深度公差。这种新的波导设计消除了当传统肋波导与深度隔离蚀刻相结合时通常看到的反射效应或自干涉，从而与常规肋波导相比降低了高阶模式传播和串扰。

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