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1. 发明授权

US5048935A Method for adaptive correction of the phase non-uniformity of a liquid crystal light valve 失效
标题翻译：液晶光阀相位不均匀性的自适应校正方法
公开(公告)号：US5048935A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-17
申请号：US947575
申请日：1986-12-24
申请人： Uzi Efron , Bernard H. Soffer , Richard C. Lind , David M. Pepper , Thomas R. O'Meara
发明人： Uzi Efron , Bernard H. Soffer , Richard C. Lind , David M. Pepper , Thomas R. O'Meara
IPC分类号： G01J9/00 , G02B26/06
CPC分类号： G03H1/0005 , G01J9/00 , G02B26/06 , G03H1/2294 , G03H2001/0066 , G03H2225/32
摘要： Apparatus for compensating for inherent distortions in a modified liquid crystal light valve used in an integrated wavefront sensing and wavefront control system for laser optics. A main wavefront sensing and control system utilizes a liquid crystal light valve selected for response speed but having inherent surface non-linearities. A beam from an auxiliary laser is intermittently applied, while the main laser is blocked, to both the fast response LCLV of the main system and to a slower response LCLV of an associated correction system. The second LCLV system corrects for the non-linearities in the surface of the first LCLV and then maintains the stored correction signal for a decay interval which corresponds to several response times of the main LCLV, thus permitting the main LCLV system to perform fast correction of atmospheric aberrations in the laser beam wavefront unaffected by inherent surface non-linearities.
摘要翻译：用于补偿在用于激光光学的集成波前感测和波前控制系统中使用的改进的液晶光阀中的固有失真的装置。主波前感测和控制系统利用了选择响应速度但具有固有表面非线性的液晶光阀。来自辅助激光器的光束在主激光器被阻挡的同时被间歇地施加到主系统的快速响应LCLV和相关校正系统的较慢响应LCLV。第二LCLV系统校正第一LCLV的表面中的非线性，然后将存储的校正信号维持在对应于主LCLV的几个响应时间的衰减间隔，从而允许主LCLV系统执行快速校正激光束波前的大气像差不受固有表面非线性的影响。

2. 发明授权

US5051571A Cascaded adaptive optics system 失效
标题翻译：级联自适应光学系统
公开(公告)号：US5051571A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-24
申请号：US947569
申请日：1986-12-02
申请人： Wilbur P. Brown, Jr. , Thomas R. O'Meara , David M. Pepper , Uzi Efron , Bernard H. Soffer
发明人： Wilbur P. Brown, Jr. , Thomas R. O'Meara , David M. Pepper , Uzi Efron , Bernard H. Soffer
IPC分类号： G02B26/06
CPC分类号： G02B26/06
摘要： A cascaded adaptive optics system for correction of aberrations in a light beam. The system includes a plurality of spatial light modulators (SLMs) in a cascaded arrangement to provide an adaptive optics system characterized by wide range, rapid response, and high resolution. The spatial light modulators may be identical or have characteristics that are complementary in providing a combined output that advantageously corrects for aberrations. A conventional adaptive optics system such as a deformable mirror may be used as one or more of the SLMKs. Liquid crystal light valves (LCLVs) may be advantageously used as one or more of the SLMs in the invention. A single LCLV may be cascaded with itself in a multiple-pass configuration by means of suitable reflectors.
摘要翻译：用于校正光束中的像差的级联自适应光学系统。该系统包括多个级联布置的空间光调制器（SLM），以提供以宽范围，快速响应和高分辨率为特征的自适应光学系统。空间光调制器可以是相同的或具有在提供有利地校正像差的组合输出时互补的特征。诸如可变形反射镜的常规自适应光学系统可以用作SLMK中的一个或多个。液晶光阀（LCLV）可以有利地用作本发明中的一个或多个SLM。单个LCLV可以通过适当的反射器以多通道配置与其自身级联。

3. 发明授权

US4686647A Numerical division of two arrays by optical processing 失效
标题翻译：通过光学处理对两个阵列进行数值分割
公开(公告)号：US4686647A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-11
申请号：US645573
申请日：1984-08-29
申请人： Bernard H. Soffer , Uzi Efron , Emanuel Marom
发明人： Bernard H. Soffer , Uzi Efron , Emanuel Marom
IPC分类号： G06E3/00 , G06G9/00
CPC分类号： G06E3/005
摘要： Apparatus for performing a division of a dividend intensity array by a divisor intensity array on a pixel-by-pixel basis, to yield a quotient intensity array, wherein optical feedback principles are utilized in conjunction with two spatial radiation modulators, so that analog division is achieved. Specifically, a fraction of the output array of a first spatial radiation modulator is provided as the readout array to a second spatial radiation modulator, whose input is the divisor intensity array. The output array of the second image converter is then added to the dividend array and provided as the input to the first spatial radiation modulator, whereupon the output of the first spatial radiation modulator is the pixel-by-pixel quotient array resulting from division of the dividend array by the divisor array.
摘要翻译：用于通过除数强度阵列逐像素地执行除数强度阵列的划分的装置，以产生商强度阵列，其中光学反馈原理与两个空间辐射调制器结合使用，使得模拟除法实现了具体地，第一空间辐射调制器的输出阵列的一部分作为读出阵列被提供给第二空间辐射调制器，其第二空间辐射调制器的输入是除数强度阵列。然后将第二图像转换器的输出阵列添加到除数阵列，并作为第一空间辐射调制器的输入提供，由此第一空间辐射调制器的输出是逐个像素商数组，除数数组的除数数组。

4. 发明授权

US4679910A Dual liquid-crystal cell-based visible-to-infrared dynamic image converter 失效
标题翻译：双液晶单元为基础的可见到红外动态图像转换器
公开(公告)号：US4679910A
公开(公告)日：1987-07-14
申请号：US714145
申请日：1985-03-20
申请人： Uzi Efron , Bernard H. Soffer
发明人： Uzi Efron , Bernard H. Soffer
IPC分类号： G02F1/1335 , G02F1/1347 , G02F1/135
CPC分类号： G02F1/1347 , G02F1/135 , G02F1/133524 , G02F1/133536
摘要： A visible to infrared dynamic image converter light valve includes two liquid crystal layers disposed on opposite sides of a photoconductive substrate. The two liquid crystal layers spatially modulate an incident infrared beam by polarization rotation. A voltage is applied across the two liquid crystal layers, with the layers being responsive to the applied voltage, to vary the polarization rotation. The photoconductive layer receives and absorbs a visible wavelength image and spatially modulates the voltage across the two liquid crystal layers responsively to image intensity spatially to vary the polarization rotation. A mirror reflects the incident infrared beam back through the first and second layers such that the beam passes through the liquid crystal layers twice and is polarization rotated in proportion to the visible wavelength image. A wire grid polarizer converts the polarization rotation of the infrared beam to output intensity modulation to produce an infrared image.
摘要翻译：可见红外动态图像转换器光阀包括设置在光导基板的相对侧上的两个液晶层。两个液晶层通过偏振旋转空间调制入射的红外光束。在两个液晶层之间施加电压，其中层响应于所施加的电压，以改变偏振旋转。光电导层接收并吸收可见波长图像，并且在空间上响应于图像强度空间调制两个液晶层上的电压以改变偏振旋转。反射镜将入射的红外光束反射回第一和第二层，使得光束通过液晶层两次，并且与可见波长图像成比例地偏振旋转。线栅偏振器将红外光束的偏振旋转转换为输出强度调制以产生红外图像。

5. 发明授权

US4842376A Double-schottky diode liquid crystal light valve 失效
标题翻译：双肖特基二极管液晶光阀
公开(公告)号：US4842376A
公开(公告)日：1989-06-27
申请号：US758917
申请日：1985-07-25
申请人： Paul O. Braatz , Uzi Efron
发明人： Paul O. Braatz , Uzi Efron
IPC分类号： G02F1/135 , G02F1/136 , G02F1/1365 , H01L31/108 , H01L31/14
CPC分类号： G02F1/1354
摘要： A double Schottky diode light valve (5) includes a liquid crystal (80) for locally modulating a beam (120) by polarization rotation to produce a modulated beam (121), and a photoconductor (40) located adjacent the liquid crystal (80) for receiving and absorbing a second beam (110). The photoconductor (40) controls the polarization responsively to the optical content of the second beam (110). The photoconductor (46) includes a semiconductor substrate and a pair of Schottky diodes (60/40, 30/40) disposed on opposing sides of the substrate. The absorption of the second beam (110) by the substrate (40) produces photogenerated majority carriers. The pair of Schottky diodes (60/40, 30/40) maintain the substrate (40) substantially depleted of such carriers and also reflects the modulated beam back through the liquid crystal.
摘要翻译：双肖特基二极管光阀（5）包括用于通过偏振旋转来局部调制光束（120）以产生调制光束（121）的液晶（80）和位于液晶（80）附近的光电导体（40）用于接收和吸收第二光束（110）。光电导体（40）响应于第二光束（110）的光学内容来控制极化。光电导体（46）包括半导体衬底和设置在衬底的相对侧上的一对肖特基二极管（60/40,30/40）。基板（40）对第二光束（110）的吸收产生光生多数载流子。这对肖特基二极管（60/40,30/40）保持了基本上耗尽这种载流子的衬底（40），并且还将经调制的光束反射回液晶。

6. 发明授权

US06491391B1 System, apparatus, and method for reducing birefringence 有权
标题翻译：用于减少双折射的系统，装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US06491391B1
公开(公告)日：2002-12-10
申请号：US09603736
申请日：2000-06-23
申请人： Ronald D. Blum , Dwight P. Dustin , Youval Katzman , Israel Grossinger , Uzi Efron , Dan Katzman
发明人： Ronald D. Blum , Dwight P. Dustin , Youval Katzman , Israel Grossinger , Uzi Efron , Dan Katzman
IPC分类号： G02C702
CPC分类号： C07K16/2866 , A61K38/00 , A61K2039/505 , C07K14/5443 , C07K16/244 , C07K2319/00 , G02C7/08 , G02C7/083 , G02C7/101
摘要： An electro-active spectacle lens is disclosed. The disclosed lens includes a first lens optic. The disclosed lens also includes a first electro-active zone positioned in a cooperative relationship with the first lens optic. In certain embodiments, the electro-active lens includes a range finder positioned in a cooperative relationship with the electro-active lens.
摘要翻译：公开了一种电活性眼镜。所公开的透镜包括第一透镜光学元件。所公开的透镜还包括与第一透镜光学器件配合关系的第一电活性区域。在某些实施例中，电动式透镜包括与电动式透镜配合关系的测距仪。

7. 发明授权

US4913531A Liquid crystal light valve with grooved microgrid and method of forming the same 失效
标题翻译：液晶光阀带槽式微格栅及其形成方法
公开(公告)号：US4913531A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-03
申请号：US241680
申请日：1988-09-07
申请人： Uzi Efron , Murray S. Welkowsky , Norman W. Goodwin
发明人： Uzi Efron , Murray S. Welkowsky , Norman W. Goodwin
IPC分类号： G02F1/135
CPC分类号： G02F1/1354 , Y10S359/90
摘要： A liquid crystal light valve is provided with a microgrid of grooves in the photoconductor surface to divide the photoconductor into high resolution pixels. The liquid crystals fill the grooves to seal them and contribute to a potential barrier at the grooves that prevents lateral charge migration between pixels. In a metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) embodiment an oxide layer extends over the pixels and partially overhangs the grooves. A metal matrix mirror is formed over the insulative layer, and extends into a portion of the grooves to shield the underlying silicon from photoactivation while maintaining an electrical isolation between pixels.
摘要翻译：液晶光阀在光电导体表面设置有微电网槽，以将感光体分成高分辨率像素。液晶填充沟槽以密封它们并且有助于凹槽处的势垒，从而防止像素之间的横向电荷迁移。在金属氧化物半导体（MOS）实施例中，氧化物层在像素上延伸并且部分地突出于凹槽。金属矩阵反射镜形成在绝缘层之上，并且延伸到凹槽的一部分中以屏蔽下面的硅免受光激活，同时保持像素之间的电隔离。

8. 发明授权

US4881110A Double-Schottky diode liquid crystal light valve 失效
标题翻译：双肖特基二极管液晶光阀
公开(公告)号：US4881110A
公开(公告)日：1989-11-14
申请号：US194352
申请日：1988-05-16
申请人： Paul O. Braatz , Uzi Efron
发明人： Paul O. Braatz , Uzi Efron
IPC分类号： G02F1/015 , G02F1/135 , G02F1/17
CPC分类号： G02F1/1354 , G02F1/015 , G02F1/17
摘要： A double Schottky diode light valve (5) includes a liquid crystal (80) for locally modulating a beam (120) by polarization rotation to produce a modulated beam (121), and a photoconductor (40) located adjacent the liquid crystal (80) for receiving and absorbing a second beam (110). The photoconductor (40) controls the polarization responsively to the optical content of the second beam (110). The photoconductor (46) includes a semiconductor substrate and a pair of Schottky diodes (60/40, 30/40) disposed on opposing sides of the substrate. The absorption of the second beam (110) by the substrate (40) produces photogenerated carriers. The pair of Schottky diodes (60/40, 30/40) maintain the substrate (40) substantially depleted of such carriers and also reflects the modulated beam back through the liquid crystal.
摘要翻译：双肖特基二极管光阀（5）包括用于通过偏振旋转局部调制光束（120）以产生调制光束（121）的液晶（80）和位于液晶（80）附近的光电导体（40）用于接收和吸收第二光束（110）。光电导体（40）响应于第二光束（110）的光学内容来控制极化。光电导体（46）包括半导体衬底和设置在衬底的相对侧上的一对肖特基二极管（60/40,30/40）。基板（40）对第二光束（110）的吸收产生光生载流子。这对肖特基二极管（60/40,30/40）保持了基本上耗尽这种载流子的衬底（40），并且还将经调制的光束反射回液晶。

9. 发明授权

US4828368A Near bandgap radiation modulation spatial light modulators 失效
标题翻译：近带隙辐射调制空间光调制器
公开(公告)号：US4828368A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-09
申请号：US880217
申请日：1986-06-30
申请人： Uzi Efron , Jan Grinberg
发明人： Uzi Efron , Jan Grinberg
IPC分类号： H01L27/148 , G02F1/01 , G02F1/015 , G02F1/017 , G02F1/17 , H01L31/0264 , H01L31/14
CPC分类号： B82Y20/00 , G02F1/017 , G02F1/0126 , G02F1/01716 , G02F2203/12
摘要： A near bandgap radiation modulation spatial light modulator (NBRM SLM) using multiple quantum wells (MQWs) is disclosed. Generally, the MQW NBRM SLM of the present invention comprises a MQW optical modulator and driver means for driving the MQW optical modulator. The MQW NBRM SLMs of the present invention can be configured in a plurality of configurations. The driver and MQW optical modulator may be configured in hybrid or monolithic configurations. The MQW optical modulator can be operated in either transverse or longitudinal electric field modes. The MQW NBRM SLM structures can be operated using either electroabsorption or electrorefraction effects, and in transmissive or reflective modes. The structures are operable with different addressing and write-in mechanisms, including photoactivation and electronic addressing. Alternate embodiments have special features such as cascaded heterojunction MQWs and pixelized submicron metal mirror. The disclosed invention provides an improved, high speed, high resolution, semiconductor driver-compatible, spatial light modulator using multiple quantum wells.
摘要翻译：公开了使用多个量子阱（MQW）的近带隙辐射调制空间光调制器（NBRM SLM）。通常，本发明的MQW NBRM SLM包括用于驱动MQW光调制器的MQW光调制器和驱动器装置。本发明的MQW NBRM SLM可以配置为多种配置。驱动器和MQW光调制器可以配置为混合或单片配置。 MQW光调制器可以在横向或纵向电场模式下工作。 MQW NBRM SLM结构可以使用电吸收或电折射效应以及透射或反射模式进行操作。该结构可通过不同的寻址和写入机制进行操作，包括光激活和电子寻址。替代实施例具有特殊特征，例如级联异质结MQW和像素化亚微米金属镜。所公开的发明提供了使用多个量子阱的改进的高速度，高分辨率，半导体驱动器兼容的空间光调制器。

10. 发明授权

US4537827A Optically flat semiconductor baseplate structure 失效
标题翻译：光学平板半导体基板结构
公开(公告)号：US4537827A
公开(公告)日：1985-08-27
申请号：US611808
申请日：1984-05-18
申请人： Michael J. Little , Roger H. Brown , Uzi Efron , Clarence P. Hoberg
发明人： Michael J. Little , Roger H. Brown , Uzi Efron , Clarence P. Hoberg
IPC分类号： G01B11/26 , H01L21/302 , H01L31/0203 , B32B7/00 , G01B11/06
CPC分类号： H01L21/0201 , G01B11/26 , H01L31/0203 , Y10T428/31
摘要： A semiconductive substrate, such as a silicon wafer, is mounted on a baseplate for inclusion in an optical device such as a liquid crystal light valve. An optical flat presses the top surface of silicon wafer toward the baseplate and against an O-ring seal surrounding a fluid adhesive. The fluid adhesive hydrostatically distributes the force of compression to guarantee optical flatness and self-compensation for the amount fluid adhesive surrounded by the O-ring. The optical flatness of the semiconductor substrate is limited only by the flatness of the optical flat against which it is compressed. Parallel alignment of the optical flat, the substrate and the baseplate is achieved by reflecting a laser beam through the semiconductive substrate and observing the interference fringes therein, while adjusting the relative alignment so as to maximize the distance between fringes.
摘要翻译：诸如硅晶片的半导体基板安装在基板上以包含在诸如液晶光阀的光学装置中。光学平面将硅晶片的顶表面压向底板并且抵靠围绕流体粘合剂的O形圈密封件。流体粘合剂可以流体分配压缩力，以保证由O形环包围的流体粘合剂的光学平面度和自我补偿。半导体衬底的光学平面度仅受到被压缩的光学平面的平坦度的限制。通过将激光束反射通过半导体基片并观察其中的干涉条纹，同时调整相对对准以使条纹之间的距离最大化，来实现光学平面，基底和基板的平行对准。

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