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1. 发明授权

US07482381B2 Artificial muscle hydrogel blends reversibly electroactuated near neutral pH, implantable actuating devices, and methods using the same 失效
标题翻译：人造肌水凝胶在中性pH附近可逆地电活化，可植入的致动装置，以及使用其的方法
公开(公告)号：US07482381B2
公开(公告)日：2009-01-27
申请号：US10803985
申请日：2004-03-19
申请人： Sylvia Daunert , Serban F. Peteu , Leonidas G. Bachas , Marc J. Madou , Elissavet Moschou
发明人： Sylvia Daunert , Serban F. Peteu , Leonidas G. Bachas , Marc J. Madou , Elissavet Moschou
IPC分类号： A61K47/30 , A61K47/00 , A61K9/14 , A61F13/00
CPC分类号： A61K9/0051 , A61K9/0024
摘要： A novel artificial muscle material and miniature valves and micropumps made therefrom are provided. The artificial muscle material bends reversibly when electroactuated by applying low voltage, in a wide pH range, even at that of physiological pH, and works without contact with electrodes. Miniature valves made from the artificial material are successfully triggered for the fluid release in a wide pH range, even at that of physiological pH. Novel fluid release devices were manufactured using this artificial muscle, and methods using the same were provided, including an implantable device optimized for trans-scleral drug delivery.
摘要翻译：提供了一种新颖的人造肌肉材料和由其制成的微型阀和微型泵。人造肌肉材料通过在宽pH值范围内施加低电压进行电致动作，甚至在生理pH值范围内可逆地弯曲，并且不与电极接触。即使在生理pH范围内，人造材料制成的微型阀也可在较宽的pH范围内成功地触发流体释放。使用该人造肌肉制造新的流体释放装置，并提供使用该人造肌肉的方法，包括针对经巩膜药物递送优化的可植入装置。

2. 发明授权

US06663615B1 Dual stage microvalve and method of use 失效
标题翻译：双级微型阀和使用方法
公开(公告)号：US06663615B1
公开(公告)日：2003-12-16
申请号：US09946790
申请日：2001-09-04
申请人： Marc J. Madou , Sylvia Daunert
发明人： Marc J. Madou , Sylvia Daunert
IPC分类号： A61K922
CPC分类号： A61K9/0097 , A61K9/0009
摘要： A micro-machined drug delivery device and method of use for the delivery of labile drugs is disclosed. A micro-machined sensing device and method of use is also disclosed. A micro-machined drug delivery and sensing device and method of use is additionally disclosed. All three devices are intended to be inserted into a patient's body. The drug delivery devices allow for the mixing of drug components prior to the release of the mixture into the patient's body where the mixture is labile. The micro-machined sensing device is suitable for monitoring the concentration of a specific chemical in a patient's body fluids when the monitoring requires a labile reagent that must be mixed prior to introduction of the body fluid into the sensing device. The micro-machined drug delivery and sensing device is especially applicable in situations where the prompt delivery of labile drugs is necessary.
摘要翻译：公开了一种微加工药物递送装置和用于递送不稳定药物的方法。还公开了一种微加工感测装置和使用方法。另外公开了一种微加工药物递送和感测装置及其使用方法。所有三个装置都是要插入到病人身上。药物递送装置允许在将混合物释放到患者体内混合物之前混合药物成分，其中混合物不稳定。当监测需要在将体液引入感测装置之前必须混合的不稳定试剂时，微加工感测装置适用于监测患者体液中特定化学物质的浓度。微加工药物输送和感测装置特别适用于需要及时交付不稳定药物的情况。

3. 发明授权

US5403680A Photolithographic and electron beam lithographic fabrication of micron and submicron three-dimensional arrays of electronically conductive polymers 失效
标题翻译：电子导电聚合物的微米和亚微米三维阵列的光刻和电子束光刻制造
公开(公告)号：US5403680A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-04
申请号：US828414
申请日：1992-01-31
申请人： Takaaki Otagawa , Marc J. Madou , Leonor A. Wachsman
发明人： Takaaki Otagawa , Marc J. Madou , Leonor A. Wachsman
IPC分类号： C40B60/14 , G02F1/15 , H01M4/60
CPC分类号： H01M4/60 , G02F1/15 , B01J2219/00317 , B01J2219/00659 , B01J2219/00713 , C40B60/14
摘要： The present invention relates to a method to produce a thin film three dimensional microelectrode of an electrically conductive polymer having an organized array of identical microprotrusions, which method comprises:(a) depositing at least one conductive metal thin film on an essentially smooth substrate,(b) depositing a thin film of a micropositive photoresist on the surface of the at least one conductive metal thin film,(c) subjecting the combination of step (b) to photolithographic or electron beam lithographic conditions with a mask capable of producing a metallic microwell,(d) electrochemically polymerizing an electrically conductive polymer onto the conducting metal,(e) removing the photoresist to produce the three dimensional microelectrode array of the electrically conductive polymer. Preferred electrically conductive polymers of step (d) are selected from polypyrrole or polyaniline. The methods wherein in step (d) the polymer is electrochemically polymerized using a constant current, or in step (d) the polymer is electrochemically polymerized using a constant potential, or in step (d), the polymer is electrochemically polymerized using a cyclic potential are preferred.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种制备导电聚合物的薄膜三维微电极的方法，该微电极具有相同的微突起组织的阵列，该方法包括：（a）在基本平滑的基底上沉积至少一个导电金属薄膜， b）在所述至少一个导电金属薄膜的表面上沉积微阳极光致抗蚀剂的薄膜，（c）使步骤（b）的组合对光刻或电子束平版印刷条件具有能够产生金属微孔的掩模（d）将导电聚合物电化学聚合到导电金属上，（e）去除光致抗蚀剂以产生导电聚合物的三维微电极阵列。步骤（d）的优选导电聚合物选自聚吡咯或聚苯胺。在步骤（d）中使用恒定电流使聚合物进行电化学聚合的方法，或在步骤（d）中，使用恒定电位对聚合物进行电化学聚合，或者在步骤（d）中，使用循环电位进行电化学聚合是优选的。

4. 发明授权

US5368704A Micro-electrochemical valves and method 失效
标题翻译：微电化学阀门及方法
公开(公告)号：US5368704A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-29
申请号：US103274
申请日：1993-08-06
申请人： Marc J. Madou , Michael J. Tierney
发明人： Marc J. Madou , Michael J. Tierney
IPC分类号： A61M31/00 , C25F3/00 , C25F7/00
CPC分类号： A61M31/002
摘要： A micromachined valve and valve array having one or more pores which are electrochemically opened and closed by dissolving and redepositing a barrier layer across a tiny opening or pore in substrate. The pore is spanned by two electrodes which apply a voltage to an electrolytic barrier layer material which dissolves in an electrolyte. Each open pore has a distinct flow rate related to its minimal cross-sectional area which together can form a binary sized array with each subsequent member in the array having a flow rate twice as large as the preceding member in the array. Any integral multiple of the smallest flow rate may be achieved by opening an appropriate combination of the pores with addressing logic. In a preferred embodiment, each bit in a binary representation of the desired flow rate acts as a switch for a pore having a flow rate corresponding to the bit position.
摘要翻译：具有一个或多个孔的微加工阀和阀阵列，其通过将阻挡层溶解并重新沉积在衬底中的微小开口或孔上而被电化学打开和闭合。孔被两个电极跨接，这两个电极向溶解在电解质中的电解屏障层材料施加电压。每个开孔具有与其最小横截面面积相关的不同流速，其一起可以形成二进制尺寸的阵列，阵列中的每个后续构件具有与阵列中的先前构件相同的两倍的流速。可以通过用寻址逻辑打开孔的适当组合来实现最小流速的任何整数倍。在优选实施例中，所需流量的二进制表示中的每一位用作具有对应于位位置的流量的孔的开关。

5. 发明授权

US5294504A Three-dimensional microstructure as a substrate for a battery electrode 失效
标题翻译：作为电池电极的基板的三维微结构
公开(公告)号：US5294504A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-15
申请号：US861368
申请日：1992-03-31
申请人： Takaaki Otagawa , Arvind N. Jina , Marc J. Madou
发明人： Takaaki Otagawa , Arvind N. Jina , Marc J. Madou
IPC分类号： C40B60/14 , G02F1/15 , H01M4/60
CPC分类号： H01M4/60 , G02F1/15 , B01J2219/00317 , B01J2219/00659 , B01J2219/00713 , C40B60/14 , Y10T428/31504
摘要： The present invention concerns a three dimensional conductive organic polymer covered micro structure having improved current carrying capacity as compared to a substantially smooth surface. More specifically, it relates to a three-dimensional poly(aniline) or poly(pyrrole)-substrate micro structure for use as a battery electrode, having improved properties as compared to a substantially smooth surface, which structure comprises: a thin surface layer of poly(aniline) or poly(pyrrole) film on a substrate surface, wherein the polyaniline or poly(pyrrole) film has a thickness of between about 0.1 and 10 microns and the substrate surface is irregular or patterned having a protruding surface, wherein representative protrusions amount to between about 40 to 90 percent of the surface of the electrode. The processes to produce the three-dimensional microstructure are also disclosed.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及与基本平滑的表面相比具有改善的载流能力的三维导电有机聚合物覆盖微结构。更具体地，本发明涉及一种用作电池电极的三维聚（苯胺）或聚（吡咯） - 底物微结构，与基本平滑的表面相比具有改进的性能，该结构包括：薄的表面层聚（苯胺）或聚（吡咯）膜，其中所述聚苯胺或聚（吡咯）膜具有约0.1至10微米的厚度，并且所述基底表面是不规则的或图案化的具有突出表面，其中代表性突起相当于电极表面的约40％至90％。还公开了生产三维微结构的方法。

6. 发明授权

US4900405A Surface type microelectronic gas and vapor sensor 失效
标题翻译：表面型微电子气体和蒸汽传感器
公开(公告)号：US4900405A
公开(公告)日：1990-02-13
申请号：US73712
申请日：1987-07-15
申请人： Takaaki Otagawa , Marc J. Madou
发明人： Takaaki Otagawa , Marc J. Madou
IPC分类号： G01N27/416 , G01N27/49
CPC分类号： G01N27/4045
摘要： The present invention is concerned with electrode structures and microsensors having fast response times and high sensitivity and to methods using such structures and/or microsensors. This is accomplished in any one of several ways. In one, the sensing and counter electrodes are positioned close enough together on an active area so that ion migration therebetween is fast. The thickness of the electrolytic medium on the active area is restricted to be no more than about 10 microns so that diffusion therethrough between the electrodes is at least as fast as the ion migration. In another, the sensing electrode may have outwardly extending portions extending beyond the electrolytic medium and not being covered thereby. Or, conductive particles can be distributed in the electrolytic medium. Or the medium can be very thin. Or, the electrodes can be interdigited. Combinations of the above structural features are also set forth.

7. 发明授权

US08641883B2 Polymer-based high surface area multi-layered three-dimensional structures and method of making same 有权
标题翻译：基于聚合物的高表面积多层三维结构及其制备方法
公开(公告)号：US08641883B2
公开(公告)日：2014-02-04
申请号：US13029899
申请日：2011-02-17
申请人： Lawrence Kulinsky , Marc J. Madou
发明人： Lawrence Kulinsky , Marc J. Madou
IPC分类号： C25D5/02 , C25D5/16
CPC分类号： C25D5/02 , B33Y10/00 , C25D1/003 , C25D13/04
摘要： A method of forming three-dimensional structures includes forming a conductive layer on a substrate and patterning a resist layer over the conductive layer, the resist layer having contained therein a plurality of vias. An electrically conductive polymer is then electro-deposited in the vias. The electro-deposition operation is then stopped to form one or more of posts, posts having bulbous termini (i.e., mushrooms), or a layer atop the resist layer. The resist may be removed to yield the structure which may be further processed. For example, the structure may be pyrolyzed. In addition, biomolecules may also be adhered or otherwise affixed to the structure.
摘要翻译：形成三维结构的方法包括在衬底上形成导电层并在导电层上形成抗蚀剂层，抗蚀剂层中包含多个通孔。然后将导电聚合物电沉积在通孔中。然后停止电沉积操作以形成一个或多个具有球根末端（即蘑菇）的柱，或者在抗蚀剂层顶上的层。可以除去抗蚀剂以产生可进一步加工的结构。例如，该结构可以被热解。此外，生物分子也可以附着或以其他方式固定在结构上。

8. 发明授权

US4973391A Composite polymers of polyaniline with metal phthalocyanine and polyaniline with organic sulfonic acid and nafion 失效
标题翻译：聚苯胺与金属酞菁和聚苯胺与有机磺酸和硝酸的复合聚合物
公开(公告)号：US4973391A
公开(公告)日：1990-11-27
申请号：US238571
申请日：1988-08-30
申请人： Marc J. Madou , Takaaki Otagawa
发明人： Marc J. Madou , Takaaki Otagawa
IPC分类号： C08J5/18 , C08G73/00 , C08L79/00 , C40B60/14 , G02F1/15 , H01M4/60
CPC分类号： G02F1/15 , H01M4/60 , B01J2219/00317 , B01J2219/00659 , B01J2219/00713 , C40B60/14
摘要： The present invention relates to a process for the production of an electrochromic electrically conductive composite membrane, which process comprises:(a) combining aniline and metal phthalocyanine in dilute hydrochloric acid; and(b) applying to the solution of step (a) a constant current density of between about 0.05 and 0.2 milliamperes/cm.sup.2 for between about 1 to 10 minutes on an electrode selected from a transparent platinum electrode or an ITO electrode to produce the improved electrically conductive electrochromic membrane. The present invention also relates to a process for the production of an electrically conductive composite membrane which comprises:(a) combining aniline, organic sulfonic acid and NAFION.RTM. all in the acid form and electropolymerizing the aqueous solution to obtain the polyaniline thin film. The electrochromic electrically conductive composite membrane produced by the process is described which is colorless when subjected to between about -0.3 V to 0 V and green to blue when subjected to between 0 V and +0.6 V. These films are useful in electrochromic displays.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种生产电致变色导电复合膜的方法，该方法包括：（a）将苯胺和金属酞菁在稀盐酸中混合; 和（b）在选自透明铂电极或ITO电极的电极上，向步骤（a）的溶液施加约0.05至0.2毫安/厘米2的恒定电流密度约1至10分钟，以产生改进的导电电致变色膜。本发明还涉及一种制备导电复合膜的方法，其包括：（a）将所有酸性形式的苯胺，有机磺酸和NAFION TM组合并使该水溶液电聚合得到聚苯胺薄膜。描述了通过该方法制备的电致变色导电复合膜，其在经受约-0.3V至0V之间是无色的，当经受在0V和+ 0.6V之间时，其为绿色至蓝色。这些膜可用于电致变色显示器中。

9. 发明申请

US20110203936A1 POLYMER-BASED HIGH SURFACE AREA MULTI-LAYERED THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME 有权
标题翻译：基于聚合物的高表面积多层三维结构及其制备方法
公开(公告)号：US20110203936A1
公开(公告)日：2011-08-25
申请号：US13029899
申请日：2011-02-17
申请人： Lawrence Kulinsky , Marc J. Madou
发明人： Lawrence Kulinsky , Marc J. Madou
IPC分类号： C25D5/02 , C25D5/16
CPC分类号： C25D5/02 , B33Y10/00 , C25D1/003 , C25D13/04
摘要： A method of forming three-dimensional structures includes forming a conductive layer on a substrate and patterning a resist layer over the conductive layer, the resist layer having contained therein a plurality of vias. An electrically conductive polymer is then electro-deposited in the vias. The electro-deposition operation is then stopped to form one or more of posts, posts having bulbous termini (i.e., mushrooms), or a layer atop the resist layer. The resist may be removed to yield the structure which may be further processed. For example, the structure may be pyrolyzed. In addition, biomolecules may also be adhered or otherwise affixed to the structure.
摘要翻译：形成三维结构的方法包括在衬底上形成导电层并在导电层上形成抗蚀剂层，抗蚀剂层中包含多个通孔。然后将导电聚合物电沉积在通孔中。然后停止电沉积操作以形成一个或多个具有球根末端（即蘑菇）的柱，或者在抗蚀剂层顶上的层。可以除去抗蚀剂以产生可进一步加工的结构。例如，该结构可以被热解。此外，生物分子也可以附着或以其他方式固定在结构上。

10. 发明申请

US20080190503A1 Flow Switching on a Multi-Structured Microfluidic Cd (Compact Disc) Using Coriolis Force 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用科里奥利力对多结构微流控Cd（压缩盘）进行流量切换
公开(公告)号：US20080190503A1
公开(公告)日：2008-08-14
申请号：US11816746
申请日：2006-02-28
申请人： Jim V. Zoval , Marc J. Madou , Horacio Kido , Guangyao Jia , Jitae Kim
发明人： Jim V. Zoval , Marc J. Madou , Horacio Kido , Guangyao Jia , Jitae Kim
IPC分类号： F15C3/00
CPC分类号： F16K99/0021 , B01L3/50273 , B01L2300/0806 , B01L2300/0864 , B01L2400/0409 , B01L2400/0412 , B01L2400/0622 , F16K99/0001 , F16K2099/0078 , F16K2099/0084 , Y10T137/2202
摘要： A microfluidic switching device includes a planar substrate having a central axis of rotation and a radially-oriented microchannel disposed in the planar substrate that terminates at a junction. In one aspect, the junction is formed as a double-layered junction in which an upstream portion is vertically offset from a downstream portion. In addition, the upstream portion has a smaller effective center of cross-sectional area than the downstream portion. First and rotation second outlet chambers are coupled at one end to the junction. The device is rotated about the central axis in a clockwise direction so as to cause the fluid in the reservoir to flow into the first (right) outlet chamber or in a counter-clockwise direction so as to cause the fluid in the reservoir to flow into the second (left) outlet chamber.
摘要翻译：微流体开关装置包括具有中心旋转轴线的平面基板和设置在平面基板中的径向取向的微通道，其终止于连接处。一方面，接合部形成为双层结，其中上游部分与下游部分垂直偏移。此外，上游部分具有比下游部分更小的有效截面面积中心。第一和第二旋转第二出口腔室在一端连接到结点。装置围绕中心轴线顺时针方向旋转，以使储存器中的流体流入第一（右）出口腔室或逆时针方向，从而使储存器中的流体流入第二（左）出口室。

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