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1. 发明授权

US4809274A Digital audio companding and error conditioning 失效
标题翻译：数字音频压扩和错误调节
公开(公告)号：US4809274A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-28
申请号：US091911
申请日：1987-09-04
申请人： Gordon K. Walker , Ron D. Katznelson , Paul Moroney , Karl E. Moerder
发明人： Gordon K. Walker , Ron D. Katznelson , Paul Moroney , Karl E. Moerder
IPC分类号： H04B14/04 , H03G7/00 , H03K7/02 , H03M20060101 , H03M7/30 , H04B1/64 , H04B15/00 , H04H20/88 , H04L1/08 , G06F11/10
CPC分类号： H03G7/007 , H03M7/3053
摘要： A system for companding digital audio signal samples processes the digital audio signal samples to correct errors induced by the compression and expansion processes. These errors are calculated prior to compressing the samples. Such errors are calculated in accordance with a predetermined compression process and a predetermined expansion process; and the digital audio signal samples are corrected in accordance with such calculations prior to compression. The compression process includes providing a 3-bit gain word for a block of 70 samples. The gain word is computed in accordance with the position of the most significant "1" bit in the sample(s) having the peak magnitude. Each individual sample is processed in accordance with the block gain word to compress the sample by reducing the number of magnitude bits. The error calculation process includes calculating an error signal by subtracting a calculated reproduced digital audio signal sample from the digital audio signal sample to be compressed, filtering the error signal by noise-spectral filtering and adding the filtered error signal to the next-providing digital audio signal sample to provide a corrected digital audio signal sample for compression. The error calculation process also includes calculating an error value based upon the effect of using a single gain word for compressing a block of samples. The error value is subtracted from the corrected digital audio signal sample prior to compression. The gain word is forward error corrected by (5,1) encoding to enable detection and correction of both single-bit and double-bit errors in transfer by majority voting. The sign bit and the most significant magnitude bits of the compressed samples are forward error corrected to enable detection and correction of single-bit errors in transfer and to enable detection and concealment of double-bit errors in transfer.
摘要翻译：用于压缩数字音频信号样本的系统处理数字音频信号样本以校正由压缩和扩展过程引起的误差。在压缩样品之前计算这些误差。这样的误差根据预定的压缩处理和预定的扩展处理来计算; 并且在压缩之前根据这样的计算校正数字音频信号样本。压缩过程包括为70个样本的块提供3位增益字。根据具有峰值幅度的采样中最高有效“1”位的位置来计算增益字。根据块增益字来处理每个单独的样本，以通过减少幅度比特数来压缩样本。误差计算处理包括通过从要压缩的数字音频信号样本中减去计算出的再现数字音频信号样本来计算误差信号，通过噪声频谱滤波对误差信号进行滤波，并将滤波后的误差信号加到下一个提供的数字音频信号采样以提供用于压缩的校正数字音频信号样本。误差计算处理还包括基于使用单个增益字来压缩采样块的效果来计算误差值。在压缩之前从校正的数字音频信号样本中减去误差值。增益字是通过（5,1）编码进行前向误差校正，以便通过多数表决来传输单位和双位错误的检测和校正。压缩样本的符号位和最高有效幅度位是前向纠错的，以便能够检测和校正传输中的单位错误，并能够检测和隐藏传输中的双位错误。

2. 发明授权

US4736420A Video scrambling by segmenting video information lines 失效
标题翻译：通过视频信息线分割视频加扰
公开(公告)号：US4736420A
公开(公告)日：1988-04-05
申请号：US909763
申请日：1986-09-19
申请人： Ron D. Katznelson , Gordon K. Walker , Paul Moroney
发明人： Ron D. Katznelson , Gordon K. Walker , Paul Moroney
IPC分类号： H04K1/06 , H04N7/169 , H04N7/167
CPC分类号： H04N7/1696
摘要： A system for scrambling a video signal having a plurality of horizontal lines, each of which includes a video information portion and a non-video information portion. The scrambling system includes a memory; means for storing the video information portion of each video signal line in the memory; and means for forming scrambled horizontal lines by retrieving each of a plurality of said stored video information lines in a plurality of segments preceded by a non-video segment and separated by non-video segment(s). The retrieval means include means for varying the respective durations of the retrieved video information segments in individual scrambled horizontal lines in accordance with an encryption keystream; and means for varying the total duration of the non-video segments for individual scrambled horizontal lines in accordance with a predetermined timing pattern. A complementary descrambling system also is disclosed.
摘要翻译：一种用于对具有多个水平行的视频信号进行加扰的系统，每个水平行包括视频信息部分和非视频信息部分。加扰系统包括存储器; 用于将每个视频信号线的视频信息部分存储在存储器中的装置; 以及用于通过在由非视频段前面并由非视频段分隔的多个段中检索多个所述存储的视频信息行中的每一个来形成加扰的水平线的装置。检索装置包括用于根据加密密钥流改变检索到的各个加扰水平行中的视频信息段的持续时间的装置; 以及用于根据预定定时模式改变针对各个加扰水平线的非视频段的总持续时间的装置。还公开了补充解扰系统。

3. 发明授权

US4908859A Receiver access interface to service components in television channel 失效
公开(公告)号：US4908859A
公开(公告)日：1990-03-13
申请号：US147167
申请日：1988-01-22
申请人： Christopher J. Bennett , James M. Hobza , Ron D. Katznelson , Gordon K. Walker
发明人： Christopher J. Bennett , James M. Hobza , Ron D. Katznelson , Gordon K. Walker
IPC分类号： H04N7/16
CPC分类号： H04N7/16
摘要： A receiver interface system for enabling an operator to access different types of services in a like manner, wherein the services contain different combinations of service components received by a receiver in different portions of one or more different frequency channels, such as television channels. The system includes a plurality of separate interface channels for carrying different types of services containing different combinations of the service components; switching means for selecting a said service, wherein the switching means is coupled to the interface channels for accessing the respective interface channels in a like manner; and a decoder coupled to the receiver and the interface channels for accessing the components of said selected service received by the receiver in different portions of one or more different frequency channels to provide said selected service on the interface channel carrying the selected service. The decoder includes a service definition table defining access to different combinations of the service components by each of a plurality of the separate interface channels to thereby define access to different types of services by the separate interface channels; and a channel configuration map defining access to the frequency channels by the separate interface channels for enabling the different combinations of service components for each of the services to be accessed in accordance with the service definition table. The service definition table may include means for defining access to different service components located in the same portion of a given frequency channel at different times and/or may define access to different service components located in the following portions of the given frequency channel with respect to a television signal received over the given frequency channel: the video information interval, the horizontal blanking interval, the vertical blanking interval and the subcarrier of the given frequency.

4. 发明授权

US5091936A System for communicating television signals or a plurality of digital audio signals in a standard television line allocation 失效
标题翻译：用于在标准电视线路分配中传送电视信号或多个数字音频信号的系统
公开(公告)号：US5091936A
公开(公告)日：1992-02-25
申请号：US647827
申请日：1991-01-30
申请人： Ron D. Katznelson , Paul Moroney , W. Allen Shumate
发明人： Ron D. Katznelson , Paul Moroney , W. Allen Shumate
IPC分类号： H04H20/33 , H04H60/23 , H04K1/00 , H04N7/04
CPC分类号： H04N7/04 , H04H20/103 , H04H60/23 , H04K1/00 , H04H20/33
摘要： A system is provided for selectively transmitting horizontal television lines including video and digital audio components or equivalent digital data lines containing a plurality of audio program signals. A conventional television signal transmission places a digital audio signal in the horizontal blanking interval, followed by analog video information. In accordance with the present invention, the "window" containing the analog video information is replaced with a plurality of digital audio signals that are time division multiplexed within the window. An additional audio channel is placed in the horizontal blanking interval, at the same location the audio is placed when video information is transmitted. Selector switches are provided in the encoder and decoder for processing a composite waveform as either a video signal with an associated audio channel, or as a multiple channel digital audio signal. Independent encryption and decryption of each of the multiple audio channels is provided.
摘要翻译：提供一种用于选择性地发送包括视频和数字音频分量的水平电视线或包含多个音频节目信号的等效数字数据线的系统。传统的电视信号传输将水平消隐间隔中的数字音频信号置于模拟视频信息之后。根据本发明，包含模拟视频信息的“窗口”被在窗口内被时分复用的多个数字音频信号所取代。在发送视频信息时，在音频放置的相同位置处，在水平消隐间隔中放置一个附加音频通道。在编码器和解码器中提供选择器开关，用于将复合波形作为具有相关音频通道的视频信号或作为多声道数字音频信号进行处理。提供了多个音频通道中的每一个的独立加密和解密。

5. 发明授权

US06934731B1 Rational frequency synthesizers employing digital commutators 有权
标题翻译：采用数字换向器的合理频率合成器
公开(公告)号：US06934731B1
公开(公告)日：2005-08-23
申请号：US09579847
申请日：2000-05-25
申请人： Ron D. Katznelson
发明人： Ron D. Katznelson
IPC分类号： H03L7/08 , H03L7/16 , G06F1/02
CPC分类号： H03L7/16
摘要： A method and an apparatus are disclosed for digital synthesis of signals having a frequency which is a rational factor n/m times an existing reference or clock frequency, wherein n and m may be large relatively prime integers. The invention provides for the use of a periodic sequence generator having up to N taps which are connected to a cascade of digital commutating multiplexers. The periodic sequence generator and the commutating multiplexers have periodicities fi that are determined by programmable address counters and the choice of N. The resultant signal at the output of the last commutator stage has a spectral frequency component at a desired frequency which is an algebraic sum of the frequencies fi (each taken with either positive or negative signs). One aspect of the invention provides for the use of weighted linear combination of commutator output lines, thereby further aiding in improving its spectral purity performance. The advantage of the embodiments according to the invention is that it incurs very little phase noise degradations, thereby providing for a signal source with phase noise performance essentially equal to that of the reference signal.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于数字合成信号的方法和装置，该信号的频率是现有参考或时钟频率的n / m倍的理性因子，其中n和m可以是相对较大的整数。本发明提供了使用具有多达N个抽头的周期性序列发生器，其连接到级联的数字换向多路复用器。周期序列发生器和换向多路复用器具有由可编程地址计数器确定的周期性和N的选择。在最后一个换向器级的输出处的所得到的信号具有频谱分量期望频率，其是频率f i i i的代数和（每个采用正或负符号）。本发明的一个方面提供了使用换向器输出线的加权线性组合，从而进一步有助于提高其光谱纯度性能。根据本发明的实施例的优点是它引起非常少的相位噪声降级，由此提供具有基本上等于参考信号的相位噪声性能的信号源。

6. 发明授权

US6121847A Injection locked oscillator automatic frequency centering method and apparatus 失效
标题翻译：注射锁定振荡器自动频率定心方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US6121847A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-19
申请号：US042899
申请日：1998-03-16
申请人： Ron D. Katznelson , Branislav A. Petrovic
发明人： Ron D. Katznelson , Branislav A. Petrovic
IPC分类号： H03L7/24
CPC分类号： H03L7/24
摘要： A method for centering the frequency of an injection locked oscillator or (ILO) includes producing measurements of the magnitude and sign of the phase difference between ILO output signals in response to alternate high level and low level RF drive signals, and tuning the center frequency of the ILO in accordance with the measurements to minimize the phase difference.
摘要翻译：用于使注入锁定振荡器或（ILO）的频率居中的方法包括响应于交替的高电平和低电平RF驱动信号产生国际劳工局输出信号之间的相位差的幅度和符号的测量值，并且调谐中心频率国际劳工组织按照测量最小化相位差。

7. 发明授权

US4998287A Determination of sequential positions of video fields derived from film 失效
标题翻译：确定从电影衍生的视频场的顺序位置
公开(公告)号：US4998287A
公开(公告)日：1991-03-05
申请号：US257712
申请日：1988-10-14
申请人： Ron D. Katznelson , Edward A. Krause
发明人： Ron D. Katznelson , Edward A. Krause
IPC分类号： H04N5/253 , H04N3/36 , H04N5/44 , H04N5/93 , H04N9/11
CPC分类号： H04N7/012 , H04N3/36 , H04N9/11
摘要： A system for determining the sequential position of video fields of a received video signal that was derived from a film having successive image frames in accordance with the 3:2 pulldown method, wherein the video fields are produced at a greater rate than the film frame rate and in a predetermined repetitive sequentially varying relationship to the film frames wherein at predetermined positions in the sequence a video field is identical to the video field that preceded it by the duration of two video fields. The system includes means for delaying each field of the received video signal; means for comparing each received video field with a video field that has been delayed by the duration of two video fields; and means for comparing the results of a successive number of said comparisons with the predetermined sequence to determine when identical fields are located in only said predetermined positions in a sequence of the compared received video fields. A video signal processing system is synchronized by said determination that identical fields are located in only said predetermined positions in a sequence of the compared received video fields, for inserting indications of sequential video field position in the vertical blanking intervals preceding video fields that are received subsequent to said synchronizing determination. A counter times said comparisons of said compared results with the predetermined sequence and provides an indication that the received video fields were not so derived from film when a determination that identical fields are located in only said predetermined positions in a sequence of the compared received video fields, is not made within a predetermined time. This indication is used to set the mode of operation of a system for providing a progressive-scan video display in accordance with whether or not the received video signal was derived from film.
摘要翻译：一种用于确定根据3:2下拉方法从具有连续图像帧的胶片导出的接收到的视频信号的视频场的顺序位置的系统，其中以比胶片帧速率更大的速率产生视频场并且以与胶卷相同的预定的重复顺序变化的关系，其中在序列中的预定位置，视频字段与其前面的两个视频场的持续时间的视频字段相同。该系统包括用于延迟所接收的视频信号的每个场的装置; 用于将每个接收的视频场与已被延迟了两个视频场的持续时间的视频场进行比较的装置; 以及用于将连续数量的所述比较与预定序列的结果进行比较以确定何时相同的字段仅位于比较的接收视频字段的序列中的所述预定位置的装置。视频信号处理系统通过所述确定进行同步，即相同的字段仅位于所比较的接收视频字段的序列中的所述预定位置中，用于在随后接收的视频字段之前的垂直消隐间隔中插入顺序视频字段位置的指示到所述同步确定。计数器将所述比较结果与所述预定序列进行比较，并且当相同的字段仅位于比较的接收视频字段的序列中的所述预定位置的确定时，提供所接收的视频字段不是从胶片导出的指示不在预定时间内进行。该指示用于设置用于根据接收的视频信号是否从胶片导出来提供逐行扫描视频显示的系统的操作模式。

8. 发明授权

US6148320A Multichannel digital signal generation method and apparatus 失效
标题翻译：多通道数字信号发生方法及装置
公开(公告)号：US6148320A
公开(公告)日：2000-11-14
申请号：US80621
申请日：1998-05-18
申请人： Ron D. Katznelson
发明人： Ron D. Katznelson
IPC分类号： H03C1/60 , H04J1/00 , H04J1/06 , H04L5/06 , H04N7/12 , H04N7/16 , H04N7/167 , H04N7/169 , H04N7/171
CPC分类号： H04L5/06 , H04N7/08 , H04N7/162 , H04N7/1675 , H04N7/169 , H04N7/1713
摘要： A multichannel television access control system is disclosed wherein processing of the broadband signal is performed by gated coherent RF injection on a plurality of channels, thereby effecting selective descrambling of an arbitrary subset of channels in a channel group. The system provides for a closed loop injection signal phasor control so as to maintain substantially constant relationship between the television signals and the injected signals. The combined signals are supplied to subscribers enabling the use of their cable ready equipment.
摘要翻译：公开了一种多通道电视接入控制系统，其中宽带信号的处理是通过多个信道上的门控相干RF注入进行的，从而对通道组中的任意信道子集进行选择性的解扰。该系统提供闭环注入信号相量控制，以便在电视信号和注入的信号之间保持基本恒定的关系。将组合的信号提供给订户，使得能够使用其有线就绪设备。

9. 发明授权

US5754650A Simultaneous multichannel television access control system and method 失效
标题翻译：同时多路电视门禁系统及方法
公开(公告)号：US5754650A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-19
申请号：US433135
申请日：1995-05-03
申请人： Ron D. Katznelson
发明人： Ron D. Katznelson
IPC分类号： H03C1/60 , H04J1/00 , H04J1/06 , H04L5/06 , H04N7/12 , H04N7/16 , H04N7/167 , H04N7/169 , H04N7/171
CPC分类号： H04L5/06 , H04N7/08 , H04N7/162 , H04N7/1675 , H04N7/169 , H04N7/1713
摘要： A multichannel television access control system is disclosed wherein processing of the broadband signal is performed by gated coherent RF injection on a plurality of channels, thereby effecting selective descrambling of an arbitrary subset of channels in a channel group. The system provides for a closed loop injection signal phasor control so as to maintain substantially constant relationship between the television signals and the injected signals. The combined signals are supplied to subscribers enabling the use of their cable ready equipment.
摘要翻译：公开了一种多通道电视接入控制系统，其中宽带信号的处理是通过多个信道上的门控相干RF注入进行的，从而对通道组中的任意信道子集进行选择性的解扰。该系统提供闭环注入信号相量控制，以便在电视信号和注入的信号之间保持基本恒定的关系。组合的信号被提供给订户，使得能够使用他们的有线就绪设备。

10. 发明授权

US5249294A Determination of time of execution of predetermined data processing routing in relation to occurrence of prior externally observable event 失效
公开(公告)号：US5249294A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-28
申请号：US13246
申请日：1993-02-03
申请人： Roy A. Griffin, III , James N. Esserman , Steven E. Anderson , Steven R. Hart , Ron D. Katznelson
发明人： Roy A. Griffin, III , James N. Esserman , Steven E. Anderson , Steven R. Hart , Ron D. Katznelson
IPC分类号： G06F1/00 , G06F21/00 , G07F7/10
CPC分类号： G07F7/1008 , G06F21/558 , G06F21/75 , G06Q20/341 , G07F7/082 , G06F2221/2123
摘要： Compromise of a predetermined secure data processing routine by a procedure known as a "clock attack" is prevented by a method that inhibits synchronization with externally generated instructions by preventing determination of the time of execution predetermined data processing routine in relation to occurrence of an externally observable event that precedes the execution of the predetermined routine. The method includes the step of (a) randomly varying the duration between the occurrence of the externally observable event and the execution of the predetermined routine. Step (a) includes the steps of (b) executing one or more interim data processing routines between the occurrence of the externally observable event and the execution of the predetermined routine; and (c) randomly varying the duration of said interim routines. Steps (b) and (c) may include the step of (d) randomly assembling m said interim routines for said execution from a group of n stored routines having different durations, wherein m and n are integers, with n being greater than m. Step (d) may include either the step of (e) randomly accessing said m interim routines from a secure memory; or the steps of (f) randomly accessing pointers for said m interim routines from a secure memory; and (g) accessing said m interim routines from a memory in response to said pointers. Step (c) includes the step of (h) randomly varying the duration of the interim routines in response to dynamically processed data that does not repetitively recur each time said interim routines are accessed. The method further includes the steps of (i) monitoring said interim routines to detect whether said interim routines are being tampered with; and (j) preventing the execution of said predetermined routine in response to detecting that said interim routines are being tampered with.

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