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1. 发明申请

WO2009067540A1 METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR IMPROVING COLLIMATION OF RADIATION BEAMS 审中-公开
标题翻译：改善放射线收集的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：WO2009067540A1
公开(公告)日：2009-05-28
申请号：PCT/US2008/084068
申请日：2008-11-19
申请人： PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE , CAPASSO, Federico , YU, Nanfang , FAN, Jonathan
发明人： CAPASSO, Federico , YU, Nanfang , FAN, Jonathan
IPC分类号： G02F1/29
CPC分类号： H01S5/1082 , B82Y20/00 , G02B5/008 , H01S5/005 , H01S5/1046 , H01S2301/14 , H01S2301/18
摘要： An apparatus for collimating radiation can include an aperture of subwavelength dimensions and a neighboring set of grooves defined on a metal film integrated with an active or passive device that emits radiation. Integration of the beam collimator onto the facet of a laser or other radiation-emitting device provides for beam collimation and polarization selection. Beam divergence can be reduced by more than one order of magnitude compared with the output of a conventional laser. An active beam collimator with an aperture-groove structure can be integrated with a wide range of optical devices, such as semiconductor lasers (e.g., quantum cascade lasers), light emitting diodes, optical fibers, and fiber lasers.
摘要翻译：用于准直辐射的装置可以包括亚波长尺寸的孔径和限定在与发射辐射的有源或无源器件集成的金属膜上的相邻的一组沟槽。将光束准直仪集成到激光器或其他辐射发射器件的刻面上提供光束准直和偏振选择。与常规激光器的输出相比，光束发散度可以减少超过一个数量级。具有开口槽结构的有源光束准直器可以与诸如半导体激光器（例如，量子级联激光器），发光二极管，光纤和光纤激光器等宽范围的光学器件集成。

2. 发明申请

WO2013033591A1 AMPLITUDE, PHASE AND POLARIZATION PLATE FOR PHOTONICS 审中-公开
标题翻译：光子学的相位和极化板
公开(公告)号：WO2013033591A1
公开(公告)日：2013-03-07
申请号：PCT/US2012/053434
申请日：2012-08-31
申请人： PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE , YU, Nanfang , CAPASSO, Federico , GABURRO, Zeno , GENEVET, Patrice , KATS, Mikhail , AIETA, Francesco
发明人： YU, Nanfang , CAPASSO, Federico , GABURRO, Zeno , GENEVET, Patrice , KATS, Mikhail , AIETA, Francesco
IPC分类号： H01S3/00
CPC分类号： G02F1/01 , B82Y20/00 , G02B1/002 , G02F2203/10 , H01Q15/0006 , H01Q15/10 , Y10S977/773 , Y10S977/774
摘要： An optical plate includes a substrate and a resonator structure formed on or in the substrate, wherein the resonator structure is configured to produce an abrupt change in phase, amplitude and/or polarization of incident radiation.
摘要翻译：光学板包括衬底和形成在衬底上或衬底中的谐振器结构，其中谐振器结构被配置为产生入射辐射的相位，振幅和/或极化的突然变化。

3. 发明申请

WO2012021187A3 METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR ENGINEERING ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2012021187A3
公开(公告)日：2012-02-16
申请号：PCT/US2011/035588
申请日：2011-05-06
申请人： PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE , YU, Nanfang , CAPASSO, Federico
发明人： YU, Nanfang , CAPASSO, Federico
IPC分类号： H01S5/20 , H01S5/10
摘要： Laser devices described may emit a beam of electromagnetic radiation having a large wavelength (e.g., mid-infrared, far-infrared) and exhibiting a low angle of divergence. In some embodiments, the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation is between 3 microns and 500 microns and the divergence angle is less than 15 degrees. Electromagnetic waves may be produced from a single monolithic laser device which includes a laser waveguide (e.g., quantum cascade laser waveguide) and a collimating element having at least one indented region (e.g., a plurality of periodically disposed grooved structures). A portion of the electromagnetic radiation may propagate as surface waves (e.g., surface plasmons) along the surface of the collimating element where indented regions in the collimating element may decrease the propagation velocity of the surface waves. A portion of the electromagnetic radiation may also be substantially confined within a grooved structure of the collimating element (e.g., as channel polaritons).

4. 发明申请

WO2007022334A2 ACTIVE OPTICAL ANTENNA 审中-公开
标题翻译：主动光学天线
公开(公告)号：WO2007022334A2
公开(公告)日：2007-02-22
申请号：PCT/US2006/032086
申请日：2006-08-16
申请人： PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE , CAPASSO, Federico , CROZIER, Ken , CUBUKCU, Ertugrul , KORT, Eric , YU, Nanfang , SMYTHE, Elizabeth
发明人： CAPASSO, Federico , CROZIER, Ken , CUBUKCU, Ertugrul , KORT, Eric , YU, Nanfang , SMYTHE, Elizabeth
IPC分类号： H01S5/00 , H04B10/00
CPC分类号： H01S3/06791 , B82Y20/00 , G01N21/648 , G01N21/658 , G01N21/7703 , G01N2021/0346 , G02B6/262 , H01S3/067 , H01S5/028 , H01S5/0286 , H01S5/22 , H01S5/3401 , H01S2301/18
摘要： A new class of photonic devices called active optical antennas, which consist of metallic structures directly integrated on to the facet of a semiconductor lasers, and of instruments based on such antennas are disclosed. The structures consist of metallic elements which function as antennas at optical wavelengths by spatially concentrating laser radiation of wavelength in the range from the UV to the mid-infrared into spots (with sizes in the range 10-100 nm) in the so called near field zone, that is at subwavelength distances from the facet. Various antenna designs are considered depending on the laser under consideration and applications. This invention has wide ranging applications such as new microscopes for high-resolution spatially resolved imaging and spectroscopy, new probes for biology, laser assisted processing and repair of devices, circuits and masks, as well new optical tweezers and phased array devices. Microscopes and other systems based on this invention are discussed. Further, a number of inventions relating to optical antennas and of instruments based on such antennas are disclosed. An important technology consisting of optical antennas fabricated at the ends of optical fibers is disclosed. A technique for imaging the field distributions on active optical antennas is disclosed. New designs of optical antennas are disclosed. Applications of optical antennas in microfluidic systems are disclosed.
摘要翻译：公开了一类称为有源光天线的新型光子器件，其由直接集成在半导体激光器的面上的金属结构和基于这种天线的仪器组成。这些结构由金属元素组成，它们通过在所谓的近场中将从UV到中红外范围内的波长的激光辐射空间聚集成点（尺寸在10-100nm），在光波长下用作天线。区域，即距离小面的亚波长距离。根据所考虑的激光和应用，考虑各种天线设计。本发明具有广泛的应用，例如用于高分辨率空间分辨成像和光谱的新显微镜，用于生物学的新探针，激光辅助处理和器件修复，电路和掩模，以及新的光学镊子和相控阵器件。讨论了基于本发明的显微镜和其它系统。此外，公开了与光天线和基于这样的天线的仪器有关的许多发明。公开了一种由在光纤端部制造的光天线组成的重要技术。公开了一种用于对有源光天线上的场分布进行成像的技术。公开了新的光学天线设计。公开了光学天线在微流体系统中的应用。

5. 发明申请

WO2012154209A1 HIGHLY UNIDIRECTIONAL MICROCAVITY RESONATORS 审中-公开
标题翻译：高分辨率微波谐振器
公开(公告)号：WO2012154209A1
公开(公告)日：2012-11-15
申请号：PCT/US2011/062225
申请日：2011-11-28
申请人： PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE , WANG, Qijie , YU, Nanfang , CAPASSO, Federico , WIERSIG, Jan , UNTERHINNINGHOFEN, Julia
发明人： WANG, Qijie , YU, Nanfang , CAPASSO, Federico , WIERSIG, Jan , UNTERHINNINGHOFEN, Julia
IPC分类号： H01S3/08
CPC分类号： H01S5/1075 , B82Y20/00 , H01S5/0654 , H01S5/1042 , H01S5/3401
摘要： A highly unidirectional microcavity resonator with low beam far-field divergence and high quality-factor (Q-factor) includes an elliptical shaped resonator with a notch at the boundary. The notch acts as a scatter that preserves high Q-factor whispering gallery modes. An in-plane beam divergence as small as 6 degrees has been demonstrated. The insensitivity of the beam divergence to the pumping current and to different notch sizes when the microcavity aspect ratio is optimized for high directionality demonstrates the robustness of this microcavity design.
摘要翻译：具有低光束远场散度和高质量因子（Q因子）的高度单向微腔谐振器包括在边界具有凹口的椭圆形谐振器。缺口作为散射，保留了高Q因子耳语画廊模式。已经证明了小到6度的面内光束发散。当微腔长宽比优化用于高方向性时，光束发散对泵浦电流和不同切口尺寸的不敏感性证明了该微腔设计的鲁棒性。

6. 发明申请

WO2010104909A2 PLASMONIC POLARIZER 审中-公开
标题翻译： PLASMONIC极化器
公开(公告)号：WO2010104909A2
公开(公告)日：2010-09-16
申请号：PCT/US2010/026762
申请日：2010-03-10
申请人： PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE , CAPASSO, Federico , YU, Nanfang , BLANCHARD, Romain
发明人： CAPASSO, Federico , YU, Nanfang , BLANCHARD, Romain
IPC分类号： G02B6/12 , G02B6/42
CPC分类号： G02B6/2726 , B82Y20/00 , G02B6/105 , G02B6/12 , G02B6/1226 , G02B6/276
摘要： A radiation-emitting device (e.g., a laser) includes an active region configured to generate a radiation emission linearly polarized along a first polarization direction and a device facet covered by an insulating layer and a metal layer on the insulating layer. The metal layer defines an aperture through which the radiation emission from the active region can be transmitted and coupled into surface plasmons on the outer side of the metal layer. The long axis of the aperture is non-orthogonal to the first polarization direction, and a sequential series of features are defined in or on the device facet or in the metal layer and spaced apart from the aperture, wherein the series of features are configured to manipulate the surface plasmons and to scatter surface plasmons into the far field with a second polarization direction distinct from the first polarization direction.
摘要翻译：辐射发射装置（例如，激光器）包括被配置为产生沿着第一偏振方向线性偏振的辐射发射的有源区和由绝缘层和绝缘层上的金属层覆盖的器件面。金属层限定了孔，通过该孔，来自有源区的辐射发射可通过该孔被传输并耦合到金属层的外侧上的表面等离子体。孔的长轴与第一偏振方向不正交，并且顺序的特征部分被限定在器件面或金属层中或金属层中并与孔隔开，其中该系列特征被配置为操纵表面等离子体激元并将表面等离子体激元以不同于第一偏振方向的第二偏振方向散射到远场中。

7. 发明申请

WO2012021333A2 BROADBAND QUANTUM CASCADE LASER SOURCE 审中-公开
标题翻译：宽带量子CASCADE激光源
公开(公告)号：WO2012021333A2
公开(公告)日：2012-02-16
申请号：PCT/US2011/046265
申请日：2011-08-02
申请人： PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE , CAPASSO, Federico , PFLUGL, Christian , DIEHL, Laurent , BLANCHARD, Romain
发明人： CAPASSO, Federico , PFLUGL, Christian , DIEHL, Laurent , BLANCHARD, Romain
IPC分类号： H01S5/40 , H01S5/34 , H01S3/02
CPC分类号： H01S5/125 , B82Y20/00 , H01S5/141 , H01S5/22 , H01S5/3402 , H01S5/4043 , H01S5/4087 , H01S5/50
摘要： A broadband quantum cascade laser (QCL) source includes one or more QCLs having an active region designed based on a diagonal laser transition. The QCL source may include multiple QCLs formed in an array or the QCL source may comprise a single QCL device. Although each QCL provides an emission spectrum comprising a small range of wavelengths at a given applied voltage, changes in the applied operating voltage result in changes in the emission spectrum of the QCL due to the Stark shift. When the QCL source comprises a plurality of QCLs formed in an array, at least some of the elements in the array may receive different applied operating voltages such that the combined output spectrum of the array is broader than that achievable by a single QCL. When the QCL source comprises a single QCL device, an applied operating voltage may be swept through a range of applied voltages such that that combined output spectrum over one sweep cycle is broader than the output spectrum of the QCL device when a static operating voltage is applied. Alternatively, the single QCL device may comprise multiple independent gain sections, wherein each of the independent gain sections is configured to operate at a different voltages to provide a broadband output spectrum.
摘要翻译：宽带量子级联激光器（QCL）源包括具有基于对角激光器转换设计的有源区域的一个或多个QCL。 QCL源可以包括在阵列中形成的多个QCL，或者QCL源可以包括单个QCL设备。虽然每个QCL提供了在给定的施加电压下包括小范围的波长的发射光谱，但是施加的工作电压的变化导致由于斯塔克位移引起的QCL的发射光谱的变化。当QCL源包括以阵列形成的多个QCL时，阵列中的至少一些元件可以接收不同的施加的工作电压，使得阵列的组合输出光谱比单个QCL可实现的更宽。当QCL源包括单个QCL器件时，所施加的工作电压可以扫过所施加的电压范围，使得当施加静态工作电压时，在一个扫描周期上的组合输出光谱宽于QCL器件的输出光谱。或者，单个QCL器件可以包括多个独立增益部分，其中每个独立增益部分被配置为在不同的电压下工作以提供宽带输出光谱。

8. 发明申请

WO2010059180A2 METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR SINGLE-MODE SELECTION IN QUANTUM CASCADE LASERS 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于量子级联激光器中的单模选择的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：WO2010059180A2
公开(公告)日：2010-05-27
申请号：PCT/US2009/005982
申请日：2009-11-05
申请人： PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE , CAPASSO, Federico , LEE, Benjamin, G. , PFLUGL, Christian , DIEHL, Laurent , BELKIN, Mikhail, A.
发明人： CAPASSO, Federico , LEE, Benjamin, G. , PFLUGL, Christian , DIEHL, Laurent , BELKIN, Mikhail, A.
IPC分类号： H01S5/40 , H01S3/23 , H01S5/00
CPC分类号： H01S5/1228 , B82Y20/00 , H01S5/0014 , H01S5/0287 , H01S5/0654 , H01S5/1231 , H01S5/305 , H01S5/3211 , H01S5/3401
摘要： Methods and apparatus for improved single-mode selection in a quantum cascade laser. In one example, a distributed feedback grating incorporates both index-coupling and loss-coupling components. The loss-coupling component facilitates selection of one mode from two possible emission modes by periodically incorporating a thin layer of "lossy" semiconductor material on top of the active region to introduce a sufficiently large loss difference between the two modes. The lossy layer is doped to a level sufficient to induce considerable free-carrier absorption losses for one of the two modes while allowing sufficient gain for the other of the two modes. In alternative implementations, the highly-doped layer may be replaced by other low-dimensional structures such as quantum wells, quantum wires, and quantum dots with significant engineered intraband absorption to selectively increase the free-carrier absorption losses for one of multiple possible modes so as to facilitate single-mode operation.
摘要翻译：用于量子级联激光器中改进的单模选择的方法和装置在一个示例中，分布式反馈光栅结合了折射率耦合和损耗耦合两者。损失耦合组件有助于从两种可能的发射模式中选择一种模式，即周期性地将“有损耗” 半导体材料在有源区的顶部上，以在两种模式之间引入足够大的损耗差异。将有损耗层掺杂到足以为两种模式中的一种引起相当大的自由载流子吸收损失的水平，同时为两种模式中的另一种提供足够的增益。在替代实施方式中，高度掺杂的层可以被其他低维结构（例如量子阱，量子线和量子点）所取代，其具有显着的设计的带内吸收以选择性地增加多种可能模式之一的自由载流子吸收损耗以促进单模式操作。

9. 发明申请

WO2008143737A3 METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING TERAHERTZ RADIATION 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2008143737A3
公开(公告)日：2008-11-27
申请号：PCT/US2008/003431
申请日：2008-03-14
申请人： PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE , BELKIN, Mikhail, A. , CAPASSO, Federico , BELYANIN, Alexey
发明人： BELKIN, Mikhail, A. , CAPASSO, Federico , BELYANIN, Alexey
IPC分类号： H01S5/34 , H01S1/02
摘要： Apparatus and methods for generating radiation via difference frequency generation (DFG). In one exemplary implementation, a quantum cascade laser (QCL) has a significant second-order nonlinear susceptibility (χ (2) ) integrated in an active region of the QCL. The QCL is configured to generate first radiation at a first frequency ω 1 , second radiation at a second frequency ω 2 , and third radiation at a third frequency ω 3 = ω 1 - ω 2 based on difference frequency generation (DFG) arising from the nonlinear susceptibility. In one aspect, the QCL may be configured to generate appreciable THz radiation at room temperature.

10. 发明申请

WO2008018923A2 FABRICATION OF ISOLATED NANOSTRUCTURES AND/OR ARRAYS OF NANOSTRUCTURES 审中-公开
标题翻译：分离的纳米结构和/或纳米结构阵列的制造
公开(公告)号：WO2008018923A2
公开(公告)日：2008-02-14
申请号：PCT/US2007/007101
申请日：2007-03-22
申请人： PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE , XU, Qiaobing , BAO, Jiming , CAPASSO, Federico , WHITESIDES, George, M.
发明人： XU, Qiaobing , BAO, Jiming , CAPASSO, Federico , WHITESIDES, George, M.
CPC分类号： B81C1/00031 , B08B17/065 , B82Y20/00 , B82Y30/00 , G01N21/658 , G02B2207/101
摘要： Methods for fabricating nanostructures and articles associated therewith are described. In some embodiments, an isolated nanostructure (e.g., a metal nanowire) or an array of nanostructures can be fabricated by depositing a material (e.g., a metal) on a surface having a plurality of protrusions or indentations. At least a portion of the deposited material may be embedded in an encapsulating material, and the encapsulating material can be cut, for instance, to form a thin slice that includes the deposited material at least partially embedded therein. In some instances, the slice can be positioned on a surface in a desired arrangement. The encapsulating material can be removed from the surface to form one or more isolated nanostructures of the deposited material. Advantageously, dimensions of the nanostructures can be controlled to, e.g., 15 run, to form nanostructures having a variety of shapes and geometries (e.g., wires, rings, and cylinders). Nanostructures can also be formed in a variety of materials, including metals, ceramics, and polymers. In addition, nanostructures can also be fabricated over large areas (e.g., greater than 1 mm 2 ). In some cases, these nanostructures are positioned in association with other components, e.g., to form a functional component of a device.
摘要翻译：描述了用于制造纳米结构和与其相关的制品的方法。在一些实施例中，分离的纳米结构（例如金属纳米线）或纳米结构阵列可以通过在具有多个突起或凹陷的表面上沉积材料（例如金属）来制造。至少一部分沉积材料可以嵌入封装材料中，并且可以切割封装材料，例如以形成包括至少部分嵌入其中的沉积材料的薄片。在一些情况下，切片可以以期望的布置定位在表面上。包封材料可从表面去除以形成沉积材料的一个或多个分离的纳米结构。有利地，可以将纳米结构的尺寸控制为例如15nm，以形成具有各种形状和几何形状（例如线材，环和圆柱体）的纳米结构。纳米结构也可以用各种材料形成，包括金属，陶瓷和聚合物。另外，纳米结构也可以在大面积上制造（例如，大于1mm 2）。在一些情况下，这些纳米结构与其他组分相关联地定位，例如以形成装置的功能组分。

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