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1. 发明申请

WO2011126799A3 QUANTUM CASCADE LASER SOURE WITH ULTRABROADBAND SPECTRAL COVERAGE 审中-公开
标题翻译：量子CASCADE激光器具有ULTRABROADBAND光谱覆盖
公开(公告)号：WO2011126799A3
公开(公告)日：2012-05-03
申请号：PCT/US2011030164
申请日：2011-03-28
申请人： HARVARD COLLEGE , DIEHL LAURENT , PFLUGL CHRISTIAN , BLANCHARD ROMAIN , CAPASSO FEDERICO
发明人： DIEHL LAURENT , PFLUGL CHRISTIAN , BLANCHARD ROMAIN , CAPASSO FEDERICO
IPC分类号： H01S5/34
CPC分类号： H01S5/34 , B82Y20/00 , H01L33/04 , H01S5/024 , H01S5/2018 , H01S5/3402 , H01S5/4025 , H01S5/4043 , H01S5/4087
摘要： A broadband quantum cascade laser includes multiple gain regions and a spacer layer disposed between at least two of the gain regions. The arrangement and characteristics of the gain regions and the spacer layer may be configured to reduce cross absorption between the gain regions. For example, one gain region may be configured to produce gain in an energy range in which another gain region produces absorptive effects. The thickness of the spacer layer may be selected to separate optical modes produced by adjacent gain regions while still producing a single broadband output from the quantum cascade laser. Gain competition between gain stages within a gain region may be mitigated by dividing gain stages with overlapping gain curves among multiple gain regions.
摘要翻译：宽带量子级联激光器包括多个增益区域和设置在至少两个增益区域之间的间隔层。增益区域和间隔层的布置和特性可被配置为减小增益区域之间的交叉吸收。例如，一个增益区域可以被配置为在另一个增益区域产生吸收效应的能量范围内产生增益。可以选择间隔层的厚度以分离由相邻增益区域产生的光学模式，同时仍然产生来自量子级联激光器的单个宽带输出。在增益区域内的增益级之间的增益竞争可以通过在多个增益区域之间用增益曲线重叠的方式分开来减轻。

2. 发明申请

WO2012021187A2 METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR ENGINEERING ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于工程电磁辐射的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：WO2012021187A2
公开(公告)日：2012-02-16
申请号：PCT/US2011035588
申请日：2011-05-06
申请人： HARVARD COLLEGE , YU NANFANG , CAPASSO FEDERICO
发明人： YU NANFANG , CAPASSO FEDERICO
IPC分类号： H01S5/20 , H01S5/10
CPC分类号： H01S3/063 , B82Y20/00 , H01S5/0014 , H01S5/0267 , H01S5/0287 , H01S5/1046 , H01S5/12 , H01S5/3402 , H01S2301/18 , H01S2302/02
摘要： Laser devices described may emit a beam of electromagnetic radiation having a large wavelength (e.g., mid-infrared, far-infrared) and exhibiting a low angle of divergence. In some embodiments, the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation is between 3 microns and 500 microns and the divergence angle is less than 15 degrees. Electromagnetic waves may be produced from a single monolithic laser device which includes a laser waveguide (e.g., quantum cascade laser waveguide) and a collimating element having at least one indented region (e.g., a plurality of periodically disposed grooved structures). A portion of the electromagnetic radiation may propagate as surface waves (e.g., surface plasmons) along the surface of the collimating element where indented regions in the collimating element may decrease the propagation velocity of the surface waves. A portion of the electromagnetic radiation may also be substantially confined within a grooved structure of the collimating element (e.g., as channel polaritons).
摘要翻译：所描述的激光装置可以发射具有大波长（例如，中红外，远红外）的电磁辐射束并且表现出低发散角。在一些实施例中，电磁辐射的波长在3微米和500微米之间，发散角小于15度。电磁波可以由包括激光波导（例如，量子级联激光波导）和具有至少一个凹入区域（例如，多个周期性布置的凹槽结构）的准直元件的单个单片激光器装置产生。电磁辐射的一部分可以沿着准直元件的表面传播为表面波（例如表面等离子体激元），其中准直元件中的缩进区域可以降低表面波的传播速度。一部分电磁辐射也可以基本上被限制在准直元件的凹槽结构内（例如，作为通道极化激元）。

3. 发明申请

WO2010062752A1 SPECTROMETERS UTILIZING MID INFRARED ULTRA BROADBAND HIGH BRIGHTNESS LIGHT SOURCES 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用MID红外超宽带高亮度光源的光谱仪
公开(公告)号：WO2010062752A1
公开(公告)日：2010-06-03
申请号：PCT/US2009/063103
申请日：2009-11-03
申请人： BRUKER OPTICS, INC. , PFLUGL, Christian , DIEHL, Laurent , LEE, Benjamin , BELKIN, Mikhail , CAPASSO, Federico , TAGUE, Thomas
发明人： PFLUGL, Christian , DIEHL, Laurent , LEE, Benjamin , BELKIN, Mikhail , CAPASSO, Federico , TAGUE, Thomas
IPC分类号： H01S3/10
CPC分类号： G01J3/108 , B82Y20/00 , G01J3/4338 , H01S5/024 , H01S5/0612 , H01S5/3402 , H01S5/4062 , H01S5/4087
摘要： A mid infrared spectrometer comprises a high brightness broadband source that generates an output with a broad spectral range in the order of hundreds of wave numbers, a wavelength dispersive element and a detector. In one embodiment, the source comprises an array of semiconductor laser devices operating simultaneously. Each device emits light at wavelength different from the wavelengths emitted by the other devices in the array and the devices are arranged so that the combined output continuously covers the broad spectral range. In another embodiment, each of the lasers in the array is a quantum cascade laser device. In still another embodiment, the quantum cascade laser devices in the array are operated in the regime of Risken-Nummedal-Graham-Haken (RNGH) instabilities. In yet another embodiment, each of the lasers in the array is a mode-locked quantum cascade laser device.
摘要翻译：中红外光谱仪包括高亮度宽带源，其产生具有数百个波数量级的宽光谱范围的输出，波长色散元件和检测器。在一个实施例中，源包括同时操作的半导体激光器件阵列。每个器件发射波长不同于阵列中其他器件发射的波长的光，并且器件被布置成使得组合输出连续地覆盖宽光谱范围。在另一个实施例中，阵列中的每个激光器是量子级联激光器件。在又一个实施例中，阵列中的量子级联激光器件在Risken-Nummedal-Graham-Haken（RNGH）不稳定的状态下运行。在另一个实施例中，阵列中的每个激光器是锁模量子级联激光器件。

4. 发明申请

WO2008143737A3 METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING TERAHERTZ RADIATION 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2008143737A3
公开(公告)日：2008-11-27
申请号：PCT/US2008/003431
申请日：2008-03-14
申请人： PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE , BELKIN, Mikhail, A. , CAPASSO, Federico , BELYANIN, Alexey
发明人： BELKIN, Mikhail, A. , CAPASSO, Federico , BELYANIN, Alexey
IPC分类号： H01S5/34 , H01S1/02
摘要： Apparatus and methods for generating radiation via difference frequency generation (DFG). In one exemplary implementation, a quantum cascade laser (QCL) has a significant second-order nonlinear susceptibility (χ (2) ) integrated in an active region of the QCL. The QCL is configured to generate first radiation at a first frequency ω 1 , second radiation at a second frequency ω 2 , and third radiation at a third frequency ω 3 = ω 1 - ω 2 based on difference frequency generation (DFG) arising from the nonlinear susceptibility. In one aspect, the QCL may be configured to generate appreciable THz radiation at room temperature.

5. 发明申请

WO2008018923A2 FABRICATION OF ISOLATED NANOSTRUCTURES AND/OR ARRAYS OF NANOSTRUCTURES 审中-公开
标题翻译：分离的纳米结构和/或纳米结构阵列的制造
公开(公告)号：WO2008018923A2
公开(公告)日：2008-02-14
申请号：PCT/US2007/007101
申请日：2007-03-22
申请人： PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE , XU, Qiaobing , BAO, Jiming , CAPASSO, Federico , WHITESIDES, George, M.
发明人： XU, Qiaobing , BAO, Jiming , CAPASSO, Federico , WHITESIDES, George, M.
CPC分类号： B81C1/00031 , B08B17/065 , B82Y20/00 , B82Y30/00 , G01N21/658 , G02B2207/101
摘要： Methods for fabricating nanostructures and articles associated therewith are described. In some embodiments, an isolated nanostructure (e.g., a metal nanowire) or an array of nanostructures can be fabricated by depositing a material (e.g., a metal) on a surface having a plurality of protrusions or indentations. At least a portion of the deposited material may be embedded in an encapsulating material, and the encapsulating material can be cut, for instance, to form a thin slice that includes the deposited material at least partially embedded therein. In some instances, the slice can be positioned on a surface in a desired arrangement. The encapsulating material can be removed from the surface to form one or more isolated nanostructures of the deposited material. Advantageously, dimensions of the nanostructures can be controlled to, e.g., 15 run, to form nanostructures having a variety of shapes and geometries (e.g., wires, rings, and cylinders). Nanostructures can also be formed in a variety of materials, including metals, ceramics, and polymers. In addition, nanostructures can also be fabricated over large areas (e.g., greater than 1 mm 2 ). In some cases, these nanostructures are positioned in association with other components, e.g., to form a functional component of a device.
摘要翻译：描述了用于制造纳米结构和与其相关的制品的方法。在一些实施例中，分离的纳米结构（例如金属纳米线）或纳米结构阵列可以通过在具有多个突起或凹陷的表面上沉积材料（例如金属）来制造。至少一部分沉积材料可以嵌入封装材料中，并且可以切割封装材料，例如以形成包括至少部分嵌入其中的沉积材料的薄片。在一些情况下，切片可以以期望的布置定位在表面上。包封材料可从表面去除以形成沉积材料的一个或多个分离的纳米结构。有利地，可以将纳米结构的尺寸控制为例如15nm，以形成具有各种形状和几何形状（例如线材，环和圆柱体）的纳米结构。纳米结构也可以用各种材料形成，包括金属，陶瓷和聚合物。另外，纳米结构也可以在大面积上制造（例如，大于1mm 2）。在一些情况下，这些纳米结构与其他组分相关联地定位，例如以形成装置的功能组分。

6. 发明申请

WO2018063455A1 ELECTRICALLY-STRETCHABLE PLANAR OPTICAL ELEMENTS USING DIELECTRIC ELASTOMER ACTUATORS 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2018063455A1
公开(公告)日：2018-04-05
申请号：PCT/US2017/036897
申请日：2017-06-09
申请人： PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE , SHE, Alan Jenting , ZHANG, Shuyan , SHIAN, Samuel , CLARKE, David R. , CAPASSO, Federico
发明人： SHE, Alan Jenting , ZHANG, Shuyan , SHIAN, Samuel , CLARKE, David R. , CAPASSO, Federico
IPC分类号： G02B1/00 , G02B1/04 , G02B3/02 , G02B3/14 , G02B5/18
摘要： An electrically-variable optical device includes a planar optical element (POE) and at least one electromechanical layer. The POE includes at least one optical layer. The at least one electromechanical layer is configured to spatially deform the POE to change an optical parameter of the POE. The at least one electromechanical layer may include a dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA) which includes electrodes and an elastomeric spacer between the electrodes. An electric field may be introduced between the electrodes to deform the spacer, which in turn deforms the POE.

7. 发明申请

WO2012021187A3 METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR ENGINEERING ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2012021187A3
公开(公告)日：2012-02-16
申请号：PCT/US2011/035588
申请日：2011-05-06
申请人： PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE , YU, Nanfang , CAPASSO, Federico
发明人： YU, Nanfang , CAPASSO, Federico
IPC分类号： H01S5/20 , H01S5/10
摘要： Laser devices described may emit a beam of electromagnetic radiation having a large wavelength (e.g., mid-infrared, far-infrared) and exhibiting a low angle of divergence. In some embodiments, the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation is between 3 microns and 500 microns and the divergence angle is less than 15 degrees. Electromagnetic waves may be produced from a single monolithic laser device which includes a laser waveguide (e.g., quantum cascade laser waveguide) and a collimating element having at least one indented region (e.g., a plurality of periodically disposed grooved structures). A portion of the electromagnetic radiation may propagate as surface waves (e.g., surface plasmons) along the surface of the collimating element where indented regions in the collimating element may decrease the propagation velocity of the surface waves. A portion of the electromagnetic radiation may also be substantially confined within a grooved structure of the collimating element (e.g., as channel polaritons).

8. 发明申请

WO2009067540A1 METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR IMPROVING COLLIMATION OF RADIATION BEAMS 审中-公开
标题翻译：改善放射线收集的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：WO2009067540A1
公开(公告)日：2009-05-28
申请号：PCT/US2008/084068
申请日：2008-11-19
申请人： PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE , CAPASSO, Federico , YU, Nanfang , FAN, Jonathan
发明人： CAPASSO, Federico , YU, Nanfang , FAN, Jonathan
IPC分类号： G02F1/29
CPC分类号： H01S5/1082 , B82Y20/00 , G02B5/008 , H01S5/005 , H01S5/1046 , H01S2301/14 , H01S2301/18
摘要： An apparatus for collimating radiation can include an aperture of subwavelength dimensions and a neighboring set of grooves defined on a metal film integrated with an active or passive device that emits radiation. Integration of the beam collimator onto the facet of a laser or other radiation-emitting device provides for beam collimation and polarization selection. Beam divergence can be reduced by more than one order of magnitude compared with the output of a conventional laser. An active beam collimator with an aperture-groove structure can be integrated with a wide range of optical devices, such as semiconductor lasers (e.g., quantum cascade lasers), light emitting diodes, optical fibers, and fiber lasers.
摘要翻译：用于准直辐射的装置可以包括亚波长尺寸的孔径和限定在与发射辐射的有源或无源器件集成的金属膜上的相邻的一组沟槽。将光束准直仪集成到激光器或其他辐射发射器件的刻面上提供光束准直和偏振选择。与常规激光器的输出相比，光束发散度可以减少超过一个数量级。具有开口槽结构的有源光束准直器可以与诸如半导体激光器（例如，量子级联激光器），发光二极管，光纤和光纤激光器等宽范围的光学器件集成。

9. 发明申请

WO2008143737A2 METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING TERAHERTZ RADIATION 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于产生TERAHERTZ辐射的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：WO2008143737A2
公开(公告)日：2008-11-27
申请号：PCT/US2008003431
申请日：2008-03-14
申请人： HARVARD COLLEGE , BELKIN MIKHAIL A , CAPASSO FEDERICO , BELYANIN ALEXEY
发明人： BELKIN MIKHAIL A , CAPASSO FEDERICO , BELYANIN ALEXEY
CPC分类号： H01S1/02 , B82Y20/00 , G02F1/3534 , H01S5/0604 , H01S5/0608 , H01S5/1046 , H01S5/1096 , H01S5/187 , H01S5/3402 , H01S2302/02
摘要： Apparatus and methods for generating radiation via difference frequency generation (DFG). In one exemplary implementation, a quantum cascade laser (QCL) has a significant second-order nonlinear susceptibility (?(2)) integrated in an active region of the QCL. The QCL is configured to generate first radiation at a first frequency ?1, second radiation at a second frequency ?2, and third radiation at a third frequency ?3 = ?1 - ?2based on difference frequency generation (DFG) arising from the nonlinear susceptibility. In one aspect, the QCL may be configured to generate appreciable THz radiation at room temperature.
摘要翻译：通过差频发生（DFG）产生辐射的装置和方法。在一个示例性实施例中，量子级联激光器（QCL）具有积分在QCL的有源区域中的显着的二阶非线性磁化率（α（2））。 QCL被配置为基于由非线性产生的差频产生（DFG）产生第一频率λ1，第二频率ω2的第二辐射和第三频率ω3 =α1-β2b的第三辐射易感性。在一个方面，QCL可以被配置成在室温下产生可感知的THz辐射。

10. 发明申请

WO2008018923A3 FABRICATION OF ISOLATED NANOSTRUCTURES AND/OR ARRAYS OF NANOSTRUCTURES 审中-公开
标题翻译：隔离纳米结构的制造和/或纳米结构的阵列
公开(公告)号：WO2008018923A3
公开(公告)日：2008-07-10
申请号：PCT/US2007007101
申请日：2007-03-22
申请人： HARVARD COLLEGE , XU QIAOBING , BAO JIMING , CAPASSO FEDERICO , WHITESIDES GEORGE M
发明人： XU QIAOBING , BAO JIMING , CAPASSO FEDERICO , WHITESIDES GEORGE M
IPC分类号： G02B5/18
CPC分类号： B81C1/00031 , B08B17/065 , B82Y20/00 , B82Y30/00 , G01N21/658 , G02B2207/101
摘要： Methods for fabricating nanostructures and articles associated therewith are described. In some embodiments, an isolated nanostructure (e.g., a metal nanowire) or an array of nanostructures can be fabricated by depositing a material (e.g., a metal) on a surface having a plurality of protrusions or indentations. At least a portion of the deposited material may be embedded in an encapsulating material, and the encapsulating material can be cut, for instance, to form a thin slice that includes the deposited material at least partially embedded therein. In some instances, the slice can be positioned on a surface in a desired arrangement. The encapsulating material can be removed from the surface to form one or more isolated nanostructures of the deposited material. Advantageously, dimensions of the nanostructures can be controlled to, e.g., 15 run, to form nanostructures having a variety of shapes and geometries (e.g., wires, rings, and cylinders). Nanostructures can also be formed in a variety of materials, including metals, ceramics, and polymers. In addition, nanostructures can also be fabricated over large areas (e.g., greater than 1 mm 2 ). In some cases, these nanostructures are positioned in association with other components, e.g., to form a functional component of a device.
摘要翻译：描述了制造与其相关的纳米结构和制品的方法。在一些实施方案中，可以通过在具有多个突起或凹陷的表面上沉积材料（例如金属）来制造分离的纳米结构（例如，金属纳米线）或纳米结构阵列。沉积材料的至少一部分可以嵌入到封装材料中，并且可以切割封装材料，例如，以形成薄片，其包括至少部分地嵌入其中的沉积材料。在一些情况下，切片可以以期望的布置位于表面上。封装材料可以从表面去除以形成沉积材料的一个或多个分离的纳米结构。有利地，纳米结构的尺寸可以被控制为例如15次，以形成具有各种形状和几何形状（例如，线，环和圆柱体）的纳米结构。纳米结构也可以以各种材料形成，包括金属，陶瓷和聚合物。此外，纳米结构也可以在大面积上制造（例如，大于1mm 2）。在一些情况下，这些纳米结构与其它组分相关联地定位，例如以形成器件的功能组件。

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