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    • 3. 发明授权
    • Sanitary earthen products
    • 卫生陶土制品
    • US06514622B1
    • 2003-02-04
    • US09762144
    • 2001-06-04
    • Makoto HayakawaKoichi HayashiMasami AndoMasaaki ItoTomoyasu IchikiHirotaka IshibashiMitsuyoshi Machida
    • Makoto HayakawaKoichi HayashiMasami AndoMasaaki ItoTomoyasu IchikiHirotaka IshibashiMitsuyoshi Machida
    • B32B1504
    • C04B41/009C04B41/52C04B41/89C04B2111/2069C04B41/4543C04B41/5022C04B41/5116C04B41/5075C04B33/00
    • Disclosed is a sanitary ware which has a self-cleaning function for releasing carboxyl-containing greasy stains or soils, such as fatty acids, fatty esters, metallic soaps (scum of soaps), proteins, amino acids, bacteria, and fungi, and deposited stains or soils, such as water scale and urinary calculi. This sanitary ware comprises at least a sanitary ware body and a glaze layer as an outermost layer of the sanitary ware, a monovalent metal component and/or a metal component having a measure of the electronegativity based on Pouling's rule of not more than 1 being provided so as to be releasable evenly and continuously, over the whole surface of the glaze layer as the outermost layer, in such an amount large enough to impart a self-cleaning function for releasing stains or soils to the surface of the glaze layer as the outermost layer, the metal component being suppliable from the glaze layer as the outermost layer and/or the sanitary ware body to the whole surface of the outermost layer. The sanitary ware is advantageous in that stains or soils on the sanitary ware can be simply removed, for example, by running water without using any surfactant and without strongly scrubbing the surface of the sanitary ware by a scrubbing brush or a cleaning brush.
    • 公开了一种卫生洁具,其具有用于释放含羧基的油脂污渍或污垢如脂肪酸,脂肪酸酯,金属皂(肥皂),蛋白质,氨基酸,细菌和真菌的自清洁功能,并沉积 污渍或污垢,如水垢和尿结石。 这种卫生洁具至少包括作为卫生洁具的最外层的卫生洁具主体和釉层,具有基于Pouling规则的不超过1的电负性量度的一价金属成分和/或金属成分 以均匀且连续的方式在作为最外层的釉层的整个表面上以足够大的量赋予自清洁功能,以将污渍或污垢释放到釉层的表面作为最外层 层,作为最外层的釉层提供的金属成分和/或卫生洁具主体到最外层的整个表面。 卫生洁具的优点在于,可以简单地除去卫生洁具上的污渍或污垢,例如通过流水而不使用任何表面活性剂,并且不用擦洗刷或清洁刷强力洗涤卫生洁具的表面。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Nondestructive analysis method, nondestructive analysis device, and specific object analyzed by the method/device
    • 非破坏性分析方法,非破坏性分析装置,以及通过方法/装置分析的具体对象
    • US07817779B2
    • 2010-10-19
    • US12073976
    • 2008-03-12
    • Masami Ando
    • Masami Ando
    • G01N23/20G01N23/207
    • G01N23/207G01N23/04
    • Non-destructive analysis is carried out by irradiating an object with X-rays, for example, so that the X-rays from the object are incident on an analyzer crystal. The analyzer crystal can be of a transmission-type or a reflection-type. A pre-crystal device is used to make the radiation monochromated and parallelized. Atomic lattice planes of the pre-crystal device are approximately parallel with the atomic lattice planes of the analyzer crystal so as to use the angular analysis capability of the analyzer crystal. The thickness of the analyzer crystal is fixed. For example, for a transmission-type analyzer crystal, the thickness is such that irradiation with monochromatic parallel X-rays in the absence of the object results in a condition in which either one of (a) X-rays along a forward diffraction direction and (b) X-rays along a diffraction direction obtained by dynamical diffraction by the transmission type analyzer crystal have an intensity of nearly zero as compared to the intensity of the other with respect to the monochromatic parallel X-rays. At least one or both of an X-ray dark-field image and an X-ray bright-field are obtained.
    • 例如通过用X射线照射物体来进行非破坏性分析,使得来自物体的X射线入射到分析器晶体上。 分析仪晶体可以是透射型或反射型。 使用预晶装置使辐射单色化并平行化。 预分析器晶体的原子晶格面近似平行于分析器晶体的原子晶格面,以便使用分析器晶体的角度分析能力。 分析器晶体的厚度是固定的。 例如,对于透射型分析仪晶体,厚度使得在没有物体的情况下用单色平行X射线照射导致以下条件:(a)沿着前向衍射方向的X射线和 (b)通过透射型分析仪晶体的动态衍射获得的沿衍射方向的X射线与其他相对于单色平行X射线的强度相比具有几乎为零的强度。 获得X射线暗场图像和X射线亮场中的至少一个或两个。