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1. 发明申请

US20050277107A1 Systems and methods for cell preservation 审中-公开
标题翻译：细胞保存系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20050277107A1
公开(公告)日：2005-12-15
申请号：US11035419
申请日：2005-01-13
申请人： Mehmet Toner , Jason Acker , Tani Chen , Alex Fowler , John Baust , Sankha Bhowmick
发明人： Mehmet Toner , Jason Acker , Tani Chen , Alex Fowler , John Baust , Sankha Bhowmick
IPC分类号： A01N1/02
CPC分类号： A01N1/02 , A01N1/0221
摘要： The present invention generally relates to devices and methods for the preservation of cells using drying, freezing, and other related techniques. In one set of embodiments, the invention allows for the preservation of cells in a dried state. In another set of embodiments, the invention allows for the preservation of cells within a glass or other non-viscous, non-frozen media. In some embodiments, the invention allows for the preservation of cells at temperatures below the freezing point of water, and in some cases at cryogenic temperatures, without inducing ice formation. The cells, in certain embodiments, may be preserved in the presence of intracellular and/or extracellular carbohydrates (which may be the same or different), for example, trehalose and sucrose. Carbohydrates may be transported intracellularly by any suitable technique, for example, using microinjection, or through non-microinjected methods such as through pore-forming proteins, electroporation, heat shock, etc. In certain instances, the glass transition temperature of the cells may be raised, e.g., by transporting a carbohydrate intracellularly. In some cases, the cells may be dried and/or stored, for example, in a substantially moisture-saturated environment or a desiccating environment. The cells may also be stored in a vacuum or a partial vacuum. The cells may be protected from oxygen, moisture, and/or light during storage. In certain cases, an inhibitor, such as a cell death inhibitor, a protease inhibitor, an apoptosis inhibitor, and/or an oxidative stress inhibitor may be used during preservation of the cells. The cells may be stored for any length of time, then recovered to a viable state, e.g., through rehydration, for further use.
摘要翻译：本发明一般涉及使用干燥，冷冻和其它相关技术来保存细胞的装置和方法。在一组实施方案中，本发明允许在干燥状态下保存细胞。在另一组实施方案中，本发明允许保存玻璃或其它非粘性非冷冻介质中的细胞。在一些实施方案中，本发明允许在低于水的冰点的温度下保存细胞，并且在一些情况下允许在低温下保存细胞，而不引起冰的形成。在某些实施方案中，细胞可以在细胞内和/或细胞外碳水化合物（其可以相同或不同）存在下保存，例如海藻糖和蔗糖。碳水化合物可以通过任何合适的技术，例如使用显微注射，或通过非显微注射方法，例如通过成孔蛋白，电穿孔，热休克等，在细胞内运输。在某些情况下，细胞的玻璃化转变温度可以是例如，通过在细胞内运输碳水化合物而提高。在一些情况下，细胞可以干燥和/或储存，例如在基本上湿度饱和的环境或干燥的环境中。细胞也可以在真空或部分真空中储存。在储存期间，可以保护细胞免受氧气，水分和/或光的影响。在某些情况下，可以在细胞保存期间使用抑制剂，例如细胞死亡抑制剂，蛋白酶抑制剂，凋亡抑制剂和/或氧化应激抑制剂。细胞可以储存任何长度的时间，然后恢复到可行状态，例如通过再水化，以供进一步使用。

2. 发明授权

US5911223A Introduction of modifying agents into skin by electroporation 失效
标题翻译：通过电穿孔将改性剂引入皮肤
公开(公告)号：US5911223A
公开(公告)日：1999-06-15
申请号：US695367
申请日：1996-08-09
申请人： James C. Weaver , Tani Chen , Christopher Cullander , Richard Guy , Robert S. Langer , Thomas E. Zewert , Uwe Pliquett , Rita Vanbever , Mark R. Prausnitz
发明人： James C. Weaver , Tani Chen , Christopher Cullander , Richard Guy , Robert S. Langer , Thomas E. Zewert , Uwe Pliquett , Rita Vanbever , Mark R. Prausnitz
IPC分类号： A61B17/00 , A61N1/32 , A61B19/00
CPC分类号： A61N1/0424 , A61N1/325 , A61B2017/00765 , A61N1/0428 , Y10S607/901
摘要： A method of modifying epidermis for transport of a material by electroporation includes applying to epidermis an agent that, upon entry into the epidermis, will modify the epidermis to thereby cause and altered rate of transport of a material across the epidermis. Typically, the altered rate will be an increased rate of transport. The epidermis is electroporated, whereby at least a portion of the modifying agent enters the electroporated epidermis, thereby modifying the epidermis to cause an altered rate of transport of a material across the epidermis. In another embodiment, the modifying agent can modify the epidermis to enable measurement and/or monitoring of physiological conditions or change within or beneath the epidermis. The modifying agents can also be employed to facilitate discharge of fluids from within an organism, such as by providing pathways for discharge of fluids from a tumor. Examples of modifying agents include: oxidizing agents; reducing agents; particles, such as optical indicator beads or beads that include drugs to be released into tissue; electrically-charged particles or molecules; etc. Materials that can be transported by the method of the invention include, for example, proteins, nucleic acids, electrically charged molecules or particles, microorganisms suitable for immunization, etc. Also, tissues other than skin can be employed in the method of the invention.
摘要翻译：通过电穿孔来改变用于运输材料的表皮的方法包括向表皮施加一种在进入表皮时将改变表皮从而引起和改变材料穿过表皮的运输速率的试剂。通常，改变率将是增加的运输速度。表皮被电穿孔，由此至少一部分改性剂进入电穿孔表皮，从而改变表皮，导致材料穿过表皮的转运速率。在另一个实施方案中，修饰剂可以修饰表皮以使得能够测量和/或监测生理条件或在表皮内或下表面的变化。还可以使用改性剂来促进从生物体内排出流体，例如通过提供从肿瘤排出流体的途径。改性剂的实例包括：氧化剂; 还原剂; 颗粒，例如包括要释放到组织中的药物的光学指示剂珠粒或珠粒; 带电粒子或分子; 可以通过本发明的方法传输的材料包括例如蛋白质，核酸，带电分子或颗粒，适合免疫的微生物等。另外，皮肤以外的组织可以用于发明。

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