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    • 1. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for measuring time dependent signals with a
particle probe
    • 用粒子探针测量时间依赖信号的方法和装置
    • US4748407A
    • 1988-05-31
    • US16696
    • 1987-01-28
    • Matthias BrunnerReinhold SchmittDieter Winkler
    • Matthias BrunnerReinhold SchmittDieter Winkler
    • H01L21/66G01N23/225G01Q30/02G01R31/26G01R31/302G01R31/305H01J37/28H01J49/44G01R31/28
    • G01R31/305
    • To measure high frequency signal curves at nodes and interconnections of integrated circuits and achieve a good chronological resolution in accordance with the sampling method, extremely short primary electron pulses are used. For such extremely short pulse widths obtainable with beam blanking systems, only individual statistically appearing secondary electrons are registered per pulse, these electrons generating current pulses having different amplitudes and different time behaviors at the output of an energy analyzer. It is proposed that the number of current pulses occurring at the output of the energy analyzer within a prescribed time interval be identified and the quotient, or ratio, thereof, be kept constant with the assistance of a feedback circuit for connection to the voltage of a retarding field electrode. The feedback circuit includes a pulse counter, a digital-to-analog converter, and a spectrometer drive.
    • 为了测量集成电路的节点和互连的高频信号曲线,并根据采样方法实现良好的时间分辨率,使用极短的一次电子脉冲。 对于通过光束消隐系统可获得的这种极短的脉冲宽度,每个脉冲仅记录每个统计学显示的二次电子,这些电子在能量分析仪的输出处产生具有不同幅度和不同时间行为的电流脉冲。 提出在规定的时间间隔内在能量分析器的输出处出现的电流脉冲数被识别,并且在一个反馈电路的辅助下,商或其比率被保持恒定,以连接到 延迟场电极。 反馈电路包括脉冲计数器,数模转换器和光谱仪驱动器。
    • 5. 发明申请
    • Gas Turbine Installation with Flue Gas Recirculation
    • 燃气轮机安装与烟气再循环
    • US20100115960A1
    • 2010-05-13
    • US12645302
    • 2009-12-22
    • Andreas BrautschDieter WinklerRichard Carroni
    • Andreas BrautschDieter WinklerRichard Carroni
    • F02C7/00
    • F23C9/00F02C3/30F02C3/34F02C7/143F05D2270/08F23C6/042F23C2202/20F23C2900/9901F23J15/06Y02E20/18Y02E20/363
    • A method and installation are disclosed which can, for example, provide for reliable, low-Nox-emission operation of a gas turbine installation with hydrogen-rich fuel gas. An exemplary gas turbine installation includes an arrangement for flue gas recirculation into a compressor inlet and for fuel gas dilution. Oxygen content in combustion air can be reduced by recirculation of recooled flue gas, and the fuel gas can be diluted with compressed flue gas. The oxygen reduction in the combustion air can lead to minimum residual oxygen in the flue gas which can be used for fuel gas dilution. As a result of the flue gas recirculation, water content in the combustion air can be increased by feedback of the water which results as a combustion product. The oxygen reduction, increased water content, and fuel dilution can reduce the flame velocity of hydrogen-rich fuel gases and enable a robust, reliable and low-emission combustion.
    • 公开了一种方法和装置,其可以例如提供具有富氢燃料气体的燃气轮机装置的可靠的低NOx排放操作。 示例性的燃气轮机装置包括用于烟道气再循环到压缩机入口和用于燃料气体稀释的装置。 燃烧空气中的氧含量可以通过再冷却的烟道气的再循环来减少,燃料气体可以用压缩的烟道气稀释。 燃烧空气中的氧气还原可导致烟道气中的最小残留氧气,可用于燃料气体稀释。 作为烟道气再循环的结果,可以通过作为燃烧产物的水的反馈来增加燃烧空气中的含水量。 减少氧气,增加含水量和燃料稀释可以降低富氢燃料气体的火焰速度,并实现坚固,可靠和低排放的燃烧。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Electron emission device
    • 电子发射装置
    • US07268361B2
    • 2007-09-11
    • US10483114
    • 2002-07-01
    • Pavel AdamecDieter Winkler
    • Pavel AdamecDieter Winkler
    • H01L29/06H01L21/00
    • H01J1/3044H01J2201/319
    • The invention provides an electron beam device 1 comprising at least one field emission cathode 3 and at least one extracting electrode 5, whereby the field emission cathode 5 comprises a p-type semiconductor region 7 connected to an emitter tip 9 made of a semiconductor material, an n-type semiconductor region 11 forming a pn-diode junction 13 with the p-type semiconductor region 7 a first electric contact 15 on the p-type semiconductor region 7 and a second electric contact 17 on the n-type semiconductor region 11. The p-type semiconductor region 7 prevents the flux of free electrons to the emitter unless electrons are injected into the p-type semiconductor region 7 by the pn-diode junction 13. This way, the field emission cathode 3 can generate an electron beam where the electron beam current is controlled by the forward biasing second voltage V2 across the pn-diode junction. Such electron beam current has an improved current value stability. In addition the electron beam current does not have to be stabilized anymore by adjusting, the voltage between emitter tip 9 and extracting electrode 5 which would interfere with the electric field of electron beam optics. The present invention further provides the field emission cathode as described above and an array of field emission cathodes. The invention further provides a method to generate at least one electron beam.
    • 本发明提供一种包括至少一个场发射阴极3和至少一个提取电极5的电子束装置1,由此场发射阴极5包括连接到由半导体材料制成的发射极尖端9的p型半导体区域7, 在p型半导体区域7上形成p型二极管结13的n型半导体区域11,p型半导体区域7上的第一电接触15和n型半导体区域11上的第二电接触17。 p型半导体区域7防止自由电子束流到发射极,除非电子被pn二极管结13注入到p型半导体区域7中。这样,场发射阴极3可以产生电子束,其中 电子束电流由跨越pn二极管结的正向偏置第二电压V 2控制。 这种电子束电流具有改善的电流值稳定性。 此外,电子束电流不必通过调节发射极尖端9和提取电极5之间的电压,这将干扰电子束光学器件的电场。 本发明还提供如上所述的场致发射阴极和场发射阴极阵列。 本发明还提供了一种产生至少一个电子束的方法。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Charged particle device
    • 带电粒子装置
    • US06730907B1
    • 2004-05-04
    • US10031001
    • 2002-07-16
    • Hans-Peter FeuerbaumDieter WinklerDror Kella
    • Hans-Peter FeuerbaumDieter WinklerDror Kella
    • H01J37244
    • H01J37/244H01J37/28H01J2237/0535
    • The invention provides a charged particle device (1) comprising: a particle source (2) for providing a charged particle beam (4), and objective lens (10) for directing the particle beam onto a specimen (8), said objective lens (10) having an optical axis (6); a particle mirror (14) located on the optical axis (6) of the objective lens (10), said particle mirror having a front surface, a back surface, a drift region (26) reaching from the back surface to the front surface for letting the charged particle beam pass from the back surface to the front surface, said drift region (26) being positioned away from the optical axis (6), and a deflecting region located on the front surface for deflecting charge particles coming from the specimen towards a detector (16).
    • 本发明提供了一种带电粒子装置(1),包括:用于提供带电粒子束(4)的粒子源(2)和用于将粒子束引导到样本(8)上的物镜(10),所述物镜 10)具有光轴(6); 位于物镜(10)的光轴(6)上的粒子反射镜(14),所述粒子反射镜具有前表面,后表面,从后表面到前表面的漂移区(26) 使带电粒子束从后表面传播到前表面,所述漂移区域(26)远离光轴(6)定位,偏转区域位于前表面上,用于使来自试样的电荷颗粒偏转 检测器(16)。