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1. 发明授权

US06963772B2 User-retainable temperature and impedance monitoring methods and devices 失效
标题翻译：用户可保持的温度和阻抗监测方法和设备
公开(公告)号：US06963772B2
公开(公告)日：2005-11-08
申请号：US10125051
申请日：2002-04-17
申请人： Matthew Bloom , Wm. Leroy Heinrichs , Gregory T. A. Kovacs , David Salzberg
发明人： Matthew Bloom , Wm. Leroy Heinrichs , Gregory T. A. Kovacs , David Salzberg
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , A61B5/053
CPC分类号： A61B5/0535 , A61B5/0031 , A61B5/01 , A61B5/413 , A61B5/445
摘要： A user-retainable monitoring system is disclosed. At least a pair of sensors is provided in association with a support member. The support member is preferably of a type that may be worn by or at least temporarily implanted in a patient. Possible sensor types include temperature sensors and impedance sensors. Temperature sensors may be used to detect a temperature differential between areas of tissue indicative of pathology. Impedance sensors are used to detect subcutaneous fluid detection. The support member may take the form of a bandage, drain or other structure. Monitor structures as described may have stand-alone utility or be connected to a processor or data recorder to enable various functions.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用户可保持的监控系统。与支撑构件相关联地提供至少一对传感器。支撑构件优选地是可以由患者佩戴或至少临时植入患者体内的类型。可能的传感器类型包括温度传感器和阻抗传感器。温度传感器可用于检测指示病理的组织区域之间的温差。阻抗传感器用于检测皮下液体检测。支撑构件可以采取绷带，排水或其他结构的形式。所描述的监视器结构可以具有独立的实用程序或者连接到处理器或数据记录器以实现各种功能。

2. 发明授权

US07045097B2 Biologic electrode array with integrated optical detector 有权
公开(公告)号：US07045097B2
公开(公告)日：2006-05-16
申请号：US10143036
申请日：2002-05-07
申请人： Gregory T. A. Kovacs
发明人： Gregory T. A. Kovacs
IPC分类号： G01N21/01 , G01N27/27 , G01N27/26 , G01N27/327 , G01N27/453
CPC分类号： G01N33/5438 , B01J19/0046 , B01J2219/00527 , B01J2219/00585 , B01J2219/00596 , B01J2219/00605 , B01J2219/00612 , B01J2219/00617 , B01J2219/00621 , B01J2219/00637 , B01J2219/00653 , B01J2219/00659 , B01J2219/00722 , G01N27/27 , G01N27/3276 , Y10T436/142222 , Y10T436/143333 , Y10T436/144444 , Y10T436/17 , Y10T436/170769 , Y10T436/171538 , Y10T436/173845 , Y10T436/20 , Y10T436/200833 , Y10T436/203332
摘要： A biologic electrode array is formed on a semiconductor substrate. A matrix of electrode sites is disposed on the semiconductor substrate. A matrix of optical detectors is disposed beneath the electrode sites in the semiconductor substrate, wherein each electrode site is associated with a corresponding optical detector. The optical detectors are coupled to detection circuitry formed on the semiconductor substrate. The electrode sites may include slitted electrodes, punctuated electrodes, or optically transparent electrodes.

3. 发明授权

US06887693B2 Device and method for lysing cells, spores, or microorganisms 有权
标题翻译：用于裂解细胞，孢子或微生物的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US06887693B2
公开(公告)日：2005-05-03
申请号：US10006848
申请日：2001-11-07
申请人： William A. McMillan , Kurt E. Petersen , Lee A. Christel , Ronald Chang , Farzad Pourahmadi , Jesus Ching , Gregory T. A. Kovacs , M. Allen Northrup
发明人： William A. McMillan , Kurt E. Petersen , Lee A. Christel , Ronald Chang , Farzad Pourahmadi , Jesus Ching , Gregory T. A. Kovacs , M. Allen Northrup
IPC分类号： C12M1/33 , C12N13/00
CPC分类号： C12M47/06 , B01L2400/0622 , B01L2400/0644
摘要： A device for lysing components (e.g., cells, spores, or microorganisms) of a fluid sample comprises a cartridge having a lysing chamber for receiving the sample and having at least one solid phase in the lysing chamber for capturing the sample components to be lysed. An ultrasonic transducer is coupled to a wall of the lysing chamber to transfer ultrasonic energy to the captured sample components.
摘要翻译：用于裂解流体样品的组分（例如，细胞，孢子或微生物）的装置包括具有用于接收样品并在裂解室中具有至少一个固相以用于捕获要裂解的样品组分的裂解室的筒。超声换能器耦合到裂解室的壁以将超声能量转移到捕获的样品组分。

4. 发明授权

US06565815B1 Heat exchanging, optically interrogated chemical reaction assembly 有权
标题翻译：热交换，光学询问化学反应组装
公开(公告)号：US06565815B1
公开(公告)日：2003-05-20
申请号：US09194374
申请日：2000-07-25
申请人： Ronald Chang , Lee A. Christel , Gregory T. A. Kovacs , William A. McMillan , M. Allen Northrup , Kurt E. Petersen , Farzad Pourahmadi , Steven J. Young , Robert Yuan , Douglas B. Dority
发明人： Ronald Chang , Lee A. Christel , Gregory T. A. Kovacs , William A. McMillan , M. Allen Northrup , Kurt E. Petersen , Farzad Pourahmadi , Steven J. Young , Robert Yuan , Douglas B. Dority
IPC分类号： F28D700
CPC分类号： G01N21/75 , B01J19/0093 , B01J2219/00783 , B01J2219/0081 , B01J2219/00822 , B01J2219/00828 , B01J2219/00833 , B01J2219/00871 , B01J2219/00873 , B01J2219/00961 , B01J2219/0097 , B01J2219/00986 , B01L3/505 , B01L3/508 , B01L7/52 , B01L2300/042 , B01L2300/0809 , B01L2300/0858 , B01L2300/168 , B01L2300/1805 , F28D2021/0077 , F28F3/12 , F28F21/04 , F28F2280/10 , G01N21/0303 , G01N21/0332 , G01N2035/00326
摘要： The present invention provides a reaction vessel and apparatus for performing heat-exchanging reactions. The vessel has a chamber for holding a sample, the chamber being defined by a plurality of walls, at least two of the walls being light transmissive to provide optical windows to the chamber. The apparatus comprises at least one heating surface for contacting at least one of the plurality of walls, a heat source for heating the surface, and optics positioned to optically interrogate the chamber while the heating surface is in contact with at least one of the plurality of walls. The optics include at least one light source for transmitting light to the chamber through a first one of the light transmissive walls and at least one detector for detecting light exiting the chamber through a second one of the light transmissive walls.
摘要翻译：本发明提供一种用于进行热交换反应的反应容器和装置。容器具有用于保持样品的室，所述室由多个壁限定，至少两个壁是透光的，以向室提供光学窗口。该装置包括用于接触多个壁中的至少一个的至少一个加热表面，用于加热该表面的热源，以及定位成光学询问该室的光学器件，同时该加热表面与多个壁板中的至少一个接触墙壁所述光学器件包括至少一个光源，用于通过第一透光壁将光传输到室，以及至少一个检测器，用于检测通过第二透光壁离开室的光。

5. 发明授权

US06258606B1 Multiplexed active biologic array 有权
标题翻译：多重活性生物数组
公开(公告)号：US06258606B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-10
申请号：US09364676
申请日：1999-07-30
申请人： Gregory T. A. Kovacs
发明人： Gregory T. A. Kovacs
IPC分类号： G01N2727
CPC分类号： G01N33/5438 , B01J19/0046 , B01J2219/00527 , B01J2219/00585 , B01J2219/00596 , B01J2219/00605 , B01J2219/00612 , B01J2219/00617 , B01J2219/00621 , B01J2219/00637 , B01J2219/00653 , B01J2219/00659 , B01J2219/00722 , G01N27/27 , G01N27/3276 , Y10T436/142222 , Y10T436/143333 , Y10T436/144444 , Y10T436/17 , Y10T436/170769 , Y10T436/171538 , Y10T436/173845 , Y10T436/20 , Y10T436/200833 , Y10T436/203332
摘要： An improved biologic electrode array and methods for manufacturing and using the same. In one aspect, a matrix of electrodes each coupled to a respective sample-and-hold circuit is provided. The electrodes and sample-and-hold circuits are integral and form an array within a single semiconductor chip, such that each sample-and-hold circuit may be loaded with a predefined voltage provided by a single, time-shared digital-to-analog converter (DAC). Further, all of the sample-and-hold circuits may be accessed through a multiplexer which may be scanned through some or all of the electrode locations. Each sample-and-hold circuit may comprise a capacitor and one or more transistor switches, the switch(es), when closed, providing electrical communication between the capacitor and a source line formed in the matrix. In another aspect, a memory (for example, a random access memory (RAM)), a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) coupled to the memory, a counter, a row decoder coupled to the counter and to the memory, a column decoder coupled to the counter and to the memory, and a matrix of active biologic electrodes coupled to the row decoder and t he column decoder are provided on a single semiconductor chip for carrying out a series of reactions. In another aspect, provision is made for the fabrication of an entire active array surface on a thermally-isolated membrane containing at least one on-board, controllable heating element. By cycling the temperature of the heating element(s), it is possible to carry out DNA amplification in situ, if suitable reagents are present. Finally, in still another aspect, provision is made for the incorporation of optical fluorescence or transmittance detection circuitry within a biologic electrode array matrix.
摘要翻译：改进的生物电极阵列及其制造和使用方法。在一个方面，提供了各自耦合到相应的采样和保持电路的电极矩阵。电极和采样保持电路是一体的，并且在单个半导体芯片内形成阵列，使得每个采样保持电路可以被加载由单个时间共享的数模转换器提供的预定电压转换器（DAC）。此外，所有采样和保持电路可以通过多路复用器访问，多路复用器可以通过部分或全部电极位置进行扫描。每个采样和保持电路可以包括电容器和一个或多个晶体管开关，当闭合时，开关提供电容器和形成在矩阵中的源极线之间的电连通。另一方面，存储器（用于例如随机存取存储器（RAM）），耦合到存储器的数模转换器（DAC），计数器，耦合到计数器和存储器的行解码器，耦合到计数器的列解码器和存储器和耦合到行解码器和列解码器的活性生物电极的矩阵设置在单个半导体芯片上用于执行一系列反应。在另一方面，提供制造整个有源阵列在包含至少一个板上可控加热元件的热隔离膜上的表面。通过循环加热元件的温度，如果存在合适的试剂，则可以在原位进行DNA扩增。最后，在另一方面，提供将光学荧光或透射检测电路结合到生物电极阵列矩阵。

6. 发明授权

US5314495A Microelectronic interface 失效
标题翻译：微电子接口
公开(公告)号：US5314495A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-24
申请号：US971395
申请日：1992-11-04
申请人： Gregory T. A. Kovacs
发明人： Gregory T. A. Kovacs
IPC分类号： A61B17/11 , A61F2/58 , A61F2/68 , A61N1/05 , A61N1/36 , A61F2/70
CPC分类号： A61N1/3605 , A61B17/1128 , A61F2/68 , A61F2/583 , A61N1/0551 , A61N1/37205 , A61N1/37211
摘要： A microelectrode interface is disclosed for localizing the stimulation and recording of action potentials at a portion of a nervous system. The shapes of the electrodes are such that the number of ion flux lines actually intersecting a portion of the nervous system to be stimulated is increased or even maximized. This is accomplished by choosing microelectrodes of the shape such that they are at least as large in dimension at locations away from the other microelectrode as are locations close to the other microelectrode. The microelectrodes are on one side of a chip so that it is possible to stimulate a portion of the central nervous system by placing the microelectrodes alongside the portion. By employing microelectrodes on both sides of a chip or plate, the nervous system can be stimulated in a bipolar mode as well as the unipolar mode. The microelectrode on the back side also reduces noise. A circuit is disclosed for applying current only to one or more selected pairs of microelectrodes in an array of microelectrodes. Row and column select lines, switches and multiplexes are used for passing current only between pairs of microelectrodes at selected locations in the array for stimulating a portion of a nervous system only at selected locations.
摘要翻译：公开了一种微电极界面，用于在神经系统的一部分定位刺激和记录动作电位。电极的形状使得实际上与待刺激的神经系统的一部分实际相交的离子通量线的数量增加甚至最大化。这是通过选择形状的微电极来实现的，使得它们在远离另一个微电极的位置处的尺寸至少与接近另一个微电极的位置一样大。微电极位于芯片的一侧，使得可以通过将微电极放置在该部分旁边来刺激一部分中枢神经系统。通过在芯片或板的两侧使用微电极，神经系统可以以双极模式以及单极模式被刺激。背面的微电极也会降低噪音。公开了一种用于将电流仅施加到微电极阵列中的一个或多个选定的微电极对的电路。行和列选择线，开关和多路复用用于仅在阵列中选定位置的微电极对之间传递电流，以仅在选定位置刺激神经系统的一部分。

7. 发明授权

US08029733B2 Thermal cycler with optical detector 有权
标题翻译：带光学探测器的热循环仪
公开(公告)号：US08029733B2
公开(公告)日：2011-10-04
申请号：US11981155
申请日：2007-10-30
申请人： Ronald Chang , Lee A. Christel , Gregory T. A. Kovacs , William A. McMillan , M. Allen Northrup , Kurt E. Petersen , Farzad Pourahmadi , Steven J. Young , Robert Yuan , Douglas B. Dority
发明人： Ronald Chang , Lee A. Christel , Gregory T. A. Kovacs , William A. McMillan , M. Allen Northrup , Kurt E. Petersen , Farzad Pourahmadi , Steven J. Young , Robert Yuan , Douglas B. Dority
IPC分类号： G01N21/00 , G01N21/01 , G01N21/62 , G01N21/63
CPC分类号： G01N21/75 , B01J19/0093 , B01J2219/00783 , B01J2219/0081 , B01J2219/00822 , B01J2219/00828 , B01J2219/00833 , B01J2219/00871 , B01J2219/00873 , B01J2219/00961 , B01J2219/0097 , B01J2219/00986 , B01L3/505 , B01L3/508 , B01L7/52 , B01L2300/042 , B01L2300/0809 , B01L2300/0858 , B01L2300/168 , B01L2300/1805 , F28D2021/0077 , F28F3/12 , F28F21/04 , F28F2280/10 , G01N21/0303 , G01N21/0332 , G01N2035/00326
摘要： A reaction vessel having a reaction chamber for holding a sample is fabricated by producing a housing having a rigid frame defining the minor walls of the chamber. The housing also defines a port for introducing fluid into the chamber. At least one sheet or film is attached to the rigid frame to form at least one major wall of the chamber. In preferred embodiments, two sheets or films are attached to opposite sides of the rigid frame to form two opposing major walls of the chamber, the major walls being connected to each other by the minor walls.
摘要翻译：具有用于保持样品的反应室的反应容器通过制造具有限定室的小壁的刚性框架的壳体来制造。壳体还限定了用于将流体引入腔室的端口。至少一个片或薄膜连接到刚性框架以形成腔室的至少一个主壁。在优选实施例中，两个片或膜连接到刚性框架的相对侧面以形成腔室的两个相对的主壁，主壁通过次壁彼此连接。

8. 发明授权

US07188001B2 System and method for temperature control 有权
标题翻译：温度控制系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07188001B2
公开(公告)日：2007-03-06
申请号：US10353186
申请日：2003-01-27
申请人： Steven J. Young , Gregory T. A. Kovacs , M. Allen Northrup , Kurt E. Petersen , William A. McMillan , Konstantin Othmer , Lee A. Christel
发明人： Steven J. Young , Gregory T. A. Kovacs , M. Allen Northrup , Kurt E. Petersen , William A. McMillan , Konstantin Othmer , Lee A. Christel
IPC分类号： G05B21/00 , G01N25/20 , G01N21/00
CPC分类号： B01L7/52 , G05B13/021 , G05D23/1913 , Y10T436/12
摘要： A system for controlling the temperature of a reaction mixture comprises at least one heating device for heating the mixture and a power regulator for regulating the amount of power supplied to the heating device. A controller in communication with the power regulator includes program instructions for heating the reaction mixture by setting a variable target temperature that initially exceeds a desired setpoint temperature for the mixture. When the heating device reaches a threshold temperature, the variable target temperature is decreased to the desired setpoint temperature. In another embodiment, the controller includes an adaptive control program for dynamically adjusting the duration or intensity of power pulses provided to the heating device.
摘要翻译：用于控制反应混合物的温度的系统包括至少一个用于加热混合物的加热装置和用于调节供应给加热装置的功率量的功率调节器。与功率调节器通信的控制器包括用于通过设定最初超过混合物的期望设定点温度的可变目标温度来加热反应混合物的程序指令。当加热装置达到阈值温度时，可变目标温度降低到所需的设定点温度。在另一个实施例中，控制器包括用于动态调整提供给加热装置的功率脉冲的持续时间或强度的自适应控制程序。

9. 发明授权

US07135144B2 Method for the manipulation of a fluid sample 有权
标题翻译：流体样品的操作方法
公开(公告)号：US07135144B2
公开(公告)日：2006-11-14
申请号：US10118810
申请日：2002-04-08
申请人： Lee A. Christel , Gregory T. A. Kovacs , William A. McMillan , M. Allen Northrup , Kurt E. Petersen , Farzad Pourahmadi
发明人： Lee A. Christel , Gregory T. A. Kovacs , William A. McMillan , M. Allen Northrup , Kurt E. Petersen , Farzad Pourahmadi
IPC分类号： B01L3/00 , C12N13/00 , C02F1/40 , B01D57/02
CPC分类号： C07H1/00 , B01F5/0403 , B01F5/0645 , B01F13/0059 , B01F2005/0031 , B01J19/0093 , B01L3/502753 , B01L2200/0636 , B01L2200/0668 , B01L2300/0681 , B01L2300/0816 , B01L2400/0415 , B01L2400/0487 , B01L2400/086 , G01N1/405 , G01N30/6095 , Y10S366/03 , Y10T436/2575
摘要： The invention provides a device and method for the manipulation of materials (e.g., particles, cells, macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids or other moieties) in a fluid sample. The device comprises a substrate having a plurality of microstructures and an insulator film on the structures. Application of a voltage to the structures induces separation of materials in the sample. The device and method are useful for a wide variety of applications such as dielectrophoresis (DEP) or the separation of a target material from other material in a fluid sample.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了用于操纵流体样品中的材料（例如，颗粒，细胞，大分子，如蛋白质，核酸或其它部分）的装置和方法。该装置包括在结构上具有多个微结构的基板和绝缘膜。对结构施加电压会导致样品中材料的分离。该装置和方法可用于各种应用，如介电电泳（DEP）或目标材料与流体样品中其他材料的分离。

10. 发明授权

US06664104B2 Device incorporating a microfluidic chip for separating analyte from a sample 有权
标题翻译：装有微流体芯片以用于从样品中分离分析物的装置
公开(公告)号：US06664104B2
公开(公告)日：2003-12-16
申请号：US10006850
申请日：2001-11-07
申请人： Farzad Pourahmadi , William A. McMillan , Jesus Ching , Ronald Chang , Lee A. Christel , Gregory T. A. Kovacs , M. Allen Northrup , Kurt E. Petersen
发明人： Farzad Pourahmadi , William A. McMillan , Jesus Ching , Ronald Chang , Lee A. Christel , Gregory T. A. Kovacs , M. Allen Northrup , Kurt E. Petersen
IPC分类号： C12M134
CPC分类号： C12M47/06 , B01L2400/0622 , B01L2400/0644
摘要： A device for separating an analyte from a fluid sample comprises a cartridge incorporating a flow-through microfluidic chip. The microfluidic chip includes an extraction chamber having an array of microstructures for capturing the analyte and for subsequently releasing the captured analyte into an elution fluid. Each of the microstructures has an aspect ratio of at least 2:1. The cartridge also includes channels and at least one low controller (e.g., one or more valves) for directing the flow of the sample and elution fluid through the microfluidic chip. The cartridge may optionally include a lysing region for lysing sample components (e.g., cells spores, or microorganisms), a waste chamber for storing waste fluid, and reaction or detection chambers for amplifying or detecting the analyte.
摘要翻译：用于从流体样品分离分析物的装置包括结合流过微流控芯片的盒。微流体芯片包括具有用于捕获分析物的微结构阵列并用于随后将捕获的分析物释放到洗脱流体中的提取室。每个微结构具有至少2:1的纵横比。墨盒还包括通道和至少一个低控制器（例如，一个或多个阀），用于引导样品流和洗脱流体通过微流体芯片。筒可任选地包括用于裂解样品组分（例如细胞孢子或微生物）的裂解区，用于储存废液的废物室和用于扩增或检测分析物的反应或检测室。

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