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1. 发明授权

US07022287B2 Single particle electrochemical sensors and methods of utilization 有权
公开(公告)号：US07022287B2
公开(公告)日：2006-04-04
申请号：US10141806
申请日：2002-05-08
申请人： Joseph Schoeniger , Albert W. Flounders , Robert C. Hughes , Antonio J. Ricco , Karl Wally , Stanley H. Kravitz , Richard P. Janek
发明人： Joseph Schoeniger , Albert W. Flounders , Robert C. Hughes , Antonio J. Ricco , Karl Wally , Stanley H. Kravitz , Richard P. Janek
IPC分类号： G01N15/06
CPC分类号： G01N33/5438 , G01N27/22
摘要： The present invention discloses an electrochemical device for detecting single particles, and methods for using such a device to achieve high sensitivity for detecting particles such as bacteria, viruses, aggregates, immuno-complexes, molecules, or ionic species. The device provides for affinity-based electrochemical detection of particles with single-particle sensitivity. The disclosed device and methods are based on microelectrodes with surface-attached, affinity ligands (e.g., antibodies, combinatorial peptides, glycolipids) that bind selectively to some target particle species. The electrodes electrolyze chemical species present in the particle-containing solution, and particle interaction with a sensor element modulates its electrolytic activity. The devices may be used individually, employed as sensors, used in arrays for a single specific type of particle or for a range of particle types, or configured into arrays of sensors having both these attributes.

2. 发明授权

US07427302B1 Method of manufacturing micro-disperse particles of sodium borohydride 有权
标题翻译：制备硼氢化钠微分散颗粒的方法
公开(公告)号：US07427302B1
公开(公告)日：2008-09-23
申请号：US11695144
申请日：2007-06-08
申请人： Stanley H. Kravitz , Andrew M. Hecht , Alan P. Sylwester , Nelson S. Bell
发明人： Stanley H. Kravitz , Andrew M. Hecht , Alan P. Sylwester , Nelson S. Bell
IPC分类号： C01B35/10
CPC分类号： C01B3/065 , B01J7/02 , B01J19/0093 , B01J2219/00828 , B01J2219/00835 , B01J2219/00891 , F17C11/005 , Y02E60/321 , Y02E60/362
摘要： A compact solid source of hydrogen gas, where the gas is generated by contacting water with micro-disperse particles of sodium borohydride in the presence of a catalyst, such as cobalt or ruthenium. The micro-disperse particles can have a substantially uniform diameter of 1-10 microns, and preferably about 3-5 microns. Ruthenium or cobalt catalytic nanoparticles can be incorporated in the micro-disperse particles of sodium borohydride, which allows a rapid and complete reaction to occur without the problems associated with caking and scaling of the surface by the reactant product sodium metaborate. A closed loop water management system can be used to recycle wastewater from a PEM fuel cell to supply water for reacting with the micro-disperse particles of sodium borohydride in a compact hydrogen gas generator. Capillary forces can wick water from a water reservoir into a packed bed of micro-disperse fuel particles, eliminating the need for using an active pump.
摘要翻译：紧凑的氢气固体源，其中在催化剂如钴或钌存在下，通过使水与硼氢化钠的微分散颗粒接触而产生气体。微分散颗粒可以具有1-10微米的基本均匀的直径，优选约3-5微米。钌或钴催化纳米颗粒可以掺入硼氢化钠的微分散颗粒中，这允许快速和完全的反应发生，而不会产生与反应物产物偏硼酸钠结合和结垢的问题。闭环水管理系统可用于回收来自PEM燃料电池的废水，以在紧凑的氢气发生器中供应与硼氢化钠的微分散颗粒反应的水。毛细管力可以将水从储水器吸入微分散燃料颗粒的填充床中，从而无需使用主动泵。

3. 发明授权

US5790730A Package for integrated optic circuit and method 失效
标题翻译：集成光电路和方法的封装
公开(公告)号：US5790730A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-04
申请号：US336902
申请日：1994-11-10
申请人： Stanley H. Kravitz , G. Ronald Hadley , Mial E. Warren , Richard F. Carson , Marcelino G. Armendariz
发明人： Stanley H. Kravitz , G. Ronald Hadley , Mial E. Warren , Richard F. Carson , Marcelino G. Armendariz
IPC分类号： G02B6/12 , G02B6/30 , G02B6/36
CPC分类号： G02B6/30 , G02B2006/12102 , G02B2006/12107
摘要： A structure and method for packaging an integrated optic circuit. The package comprises a first wall having a plurality of microlenses formed therein to establish channels of optical communication with an integrated optic circuit within the package. A first registration pattern is provided on an inside surface of one of the walls of the package for alignment and attachment of the integrated optic circuit. The package in one embodiment may further comprise a fiber holder for aligning and attaching a plurality of optical fibers to the package and extending the channels of optical communication to the fibers outside the package. In another embodiment, a fiber holder may be used to hold the fibers and align the fibers to the package. The fiber holder may be detachably connected to the package.
摘要翻译：一种用于封装集成光电路的结构和方法。封装包括第一壁，其具有形成在其中的多个微透镜，以建立与封装内的集成光电路的光通信通道。在封装的一个壁的内表面上提供第一配准图案，用于对齐和附接集成光电路。在一个实施例中的包装可以进一步包括纤维保持器，用于将多个光纤对准和附接到包装并且将光通信通道延伸到包装外部的纤维。在另一个实施例中，纤维保持器可用于保持纤维并使纤维对准包装。纤维保持器可以可拆卸地连接到包装。

4. 发明授权

US4426246A Plasma pretreatment with BCl.sub.3 to remove passivation formed by fluorine-etch 失效
标题翻译：用BCl3等离子体预处理以去除由氟蚀刻形成的钝化
公开(公告)号：US4426246A
公开(公告)日：1984-01-17
申请号：US401830
申请日：1982-07-26
申请人： Stanley H. Kravitz , Ajit S. Manocha , William E. Willenbrock, Jr.
发明人： Stanley H. Kravitz , Ajit S. Manocha , William E. Willenbrock, Jr.
IPC分类号： H01L21/302 , H01L21/3065 , H01L21/308
CPC分类号： H01L21/3065
摘要： The manufacture of VLSI devices is facilitated by a method for chlorine reactive sputter etching of silicon materials in a plasma reactor that has been passivated by a previous etching operation involving a fluorine-containing gas. The passivated reactor is reactivated for chlorine reactive sputter etching by the generation of a boron trichloride plasma in the reactor. In the preferred embodiment, a mixture of boron trichloride and chlorine is used to initiate the etching of the silicon material before pure chlorine is used to complete the etch. The invention permits silicon materials to be etched in a reactor in which chlorine and fluorine-containing gases are used sequentially.
摘要翻译： VLSI器件的制造通过用等离子体反应器中的硅材料进行氯反应溅射蚀刻的方法来实现，该等离子体反应器已经通过涉及含氟气体的先前蚀刻操作被钝化。通过在反应器中产生三氯化硼等离子体，钝化的反应器被再活化用于氯反应性溅射蚀刻。在优选的实施方案中，在纯氯完成蚀刻之前，使用三氯化硼和氯的混合物来引发硅材料的蚀刻。本发明允许在其中依次使用含氯和含氟气体的反应器中蚀刻硅材料。

5. 发明授权

US06605339B1 Micro heat barrier 失效
标题翻译：微热障
公开(公告)号：US06605339B1
公开(公告)日：2003-08-12
申请号：US10025449
申请日：2001-12-19
申请人： Albert C. Marshall , Stanley H. Kravitz , Chris P. Tigges , Gregory A. Vawter
发明人： Albert C. Marshall , Stanley H. Kravitz , Chris P. Tigges , Gregory A. Vawter
IPC分类号： B32B326
CPC分类号： B81B3/0081 , Y10T428/24802
摘要： A highly effective, micron-scale micro heat barrier structure and process for manufacturing a micro heat barrier based on semiconductor and/or MEMS fabrication techniques. The micro heat barrier has an array of non-metallic, freestanding microsupports with a height less than 100 microns, attached to a substrate. An infrared reflective membrane (e.g., 1 micron gold) can be supported by the array of microsupports to provide radiation shielding. The micro heat barrier can be evacuated to eliminate gas phase heat conduction and convection. Semi-isotropic, reactive ion plasma etching can be used to create a microspike having a cusp-like shape with a sharp, pointed tip (
摘要翻译：基于半导体和/或MEMS制造技术的高效微米级微阻隔结构和用于制造微热阻的方法。该微热屏障具有高度小于100微米的非金属独立的微型支架的阵列，附着于基底。红外反射膜（例如，1微米金）可以由微支架阵列支撑以提供辐射屏蔽。微型隔热层可以抽真空，以消除气相热传导和对流。可以使用半各向同性的反应离子等离子体蚀刻来形成具有尖锐尖端（<0.1微米）的尖头状形状的微型卡口，以使尖端的接触面积最小化。热源可以直接放置在微型杯上。微热障可以具有在10-6至10-7W / m-K范围内的明显的热导率。可以使用多层反射膜来增加耐热性。

6. 发明授权

US06432577B1 Apparatus and method for fabricating a microbattery 有权
标题翻译：用于制造微电池的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US06432577B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-13
申请号：US09607587
申请日：2000-06-29
申请人： Randy J. Shul , Stanley H. Kravitz , Todd R. Christenson , Thomas E. Zipperian , David Ingersoll
发明人： Randy J. Shul , Stanley H. Kravitz , Todd R. Christenson , Thomas E. Zipperian , David Ingersoll
IPC分类号： H01M612
CPC分类号： H01M6/12 , H01M2/0202 , H01M2/22 , H01M10/0436
摘要： An apparatus and method for fabricating a microbattery that uses silicon as the structural component, packaging component, and semiconductor to reduce the weight, size, and cost of thin film battery technology is described. When combined with advanced semiconductor packaging techniques, such a silicon-based microbattery enables the fabrication of autonomous, highly functional, integrated microsystems having broad applicability.
摘要翻译：描述了一种用于制造使用硅作为结构部件，封装部件和半导体以减小薄膜电池技术的重量，尺寸和成本的微电池的装置和方法。当与先进的半导体封装技术相结合时，这种硅基微电池能够制造具有广泛适用性的自主的，高功能的集成微系统。

7. 发明授权

US5333000A Coherent optical monolithic phased-array antenna steering system 失效
标题翻译：相干光学单片相控阵天线转向系统
公开(公告)号：US5333000A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-26
申请号：US864825
申请日：1992-04-03
申请人： Vincent M. Hietala , Stanley H. Kravitz , Gregory A. Vawter
发明人： Vincent M. Hietala , Stanley H. Kravitz , Gregory A. Vawter
IPC分类号： G02F2/02 , H01Q3/26 , H01Q3/22 , G01B11/00
CPC分类号： H01Q3/2676 , G02F2/02
摘要： An optical-based RF beam steering system for phased-array antennas comprising a photonic integrated circuit (PIC). The system is based on optical heterodyning employed to produce microwave phase shifting by a monolithic PIC constructed entirely of passive components. Microwave power and control signal distribution to the antenna is accomplished by optical fiber, permitting physical separation of the PIC and its control functions from the antenna. The system reduces size, weight, complexity, and cost of phased-array antenna systems.
摘要翻译：一种用于包括光子集成电路（PIC）的相控阵天线的基于光的RF射束控制系统。该系统基于用于通过完全由无源部件构成的单片PIC产生微波相移的光学外差。通过光纤实现对天线的微波功率和控制信号分配，从而使PIC及其控制功能与天线物理分离。该系统减小了相控阵天线系统的尺寸，重量，复杂性和成本。

8. 发明授权

US06746496B1 Compact solid source of hydrogen gas 有权
标题翻译：紧凑的氢气固体源
公开(公告)号：US06746496B1
公开(公告)日：2004-06-08
申请号：US10191900
申请日：2002-07-09
申请人： Stanley H. Kravitz , Andrew M. Hecht , Alan P. Sylwester , Nelson S. Bell
发明人： Stanley H. Kravitz , Andrew M. Hecht , Alan P. Sylwester , Nelson S. Bell
IPC分类号： C10J320
CPC分类号： C01B3/065 , B01J7/02 , B01J19/0093 , B01J2219/00828 , B01J2219/00835 , B01J2219/00891 , F17C11/005 , Y02E60/321 , Y02E60/362
摘要： A compact solid source of hydrogen gas, where the gas is generated by contacting water with micro-disperse particles of sodium borohydride in the presence of a catalyst, such as cobalt or ruthenium. The micro-disperse particles can have a substantially uniform diameter of 1-10 microns, and preferably about 3-5 microns. Ruthenium or cobalt catalytic nanoparticles can be incorporated in the micro-disperse particles of sodium borohydride, which allows a rapid and complete reaction to occur without the problems associated with caking and scaling of the surface by the reactant product sodium metaborate. A closed loop water management system can be used to recycle wastewater from a PEM fuel cell to supply water for reacting with the micro-disperse particles of sodium borohydride in a compact hydrogen gas generator. Capillary forces can wick water from a water reservoir into a packed bed of micro-disperse fuel particles, eliminating the need for using an active pump.
摘要翻译：紧凑的氢气固体源，其中在催化剂如钴或钌存在下，通过使水与硼氢化钠的微分散颗粒接触而产生气体。微分散颗粒可以具有1-10微米的基本均匀的直径，优选约3-5微米。钌或钴催化纳米颗粒可以加入到硼氢化钠的微分散颗粒中，这允许快速和完全的反应发生，而不会产生与反应物产物偏硼酸钠结合和结垢的问题。闭环水管理系统可用于回收来自PEM燃料电池的废水，以在紧凑的氢气发生器中供应与硼氢化钠的微分散颗粒反应的水。毛细管力可以将水从储水器吸入微分散燃料颗粒的填充床中，从而无需使用主动泵。

9. 发明授权

US6056044A Heat pipe with improved wick structures 失效
标题翻译：具有改进的灯芯结构的热管
公开(公告)号：US6056044A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-02
申请号：US987960
申请日：1997-12-10
申请人： David A. Benson , Charles V. Robino , David W. Palmer , Stanley H. Kravitz
发明人： David A. Benson , Charles V. Robino , David W. Palmer , Stanley H. Kravitz
IPC分类号： F28D15/02 , F28D15/04 , F28D15/00
CPC分类号： F28D15/0233 , F28D15/04 , F28D15/046 , Y10S165/911
摘要： An improved planar heat pipe wick structure having projections formed by micromachining processes. The projections form arrays of interlocking, semi-closed structures with multiple flow paths on the substrate. The projections also include overhanging caps at their tops to increase the capillary pumping action of the wick structure. The capped projections can be formed in stacked layers. Another layer of smaller, more closely spaced projections without caps can also be formed on the substrate in between the capped projections. Inexpensive materials such as Kovar can be used as substrates, and the projections can be formed by electrodepositing nickel through photoresist masks.
摘要翻译：一种改进的平面热管芯结构，具有通过微加工工艺形成的突起。突起形成在基板上具有多个流动路径的互锁的半闭合结构的阵列。突起还包括在其顶部的悬垂盖，以增加芯结构的毛细管抽吸作用。封盖突起可以形成为堆叠层。另一层较小，更紧密间隔的没有盖的突起也可以形成在基板上的封盖凸起之间。可以使用诸如科瓦尔等廉价材料作为基板，并且可以通过将光致抗蚀剂掩模电沉积镍来形成突起。

10. 发明授权

US4715049A Clock recovery and retiming scheme with saw filter phase trimming to achieve desired system phase adjustment 失效
标题翻译：时钟恢复和重新定时方案，具有锯切滤波器相位修整，以实现所需的系统相位调整
公开(公告)号：US4715049A
公开(公告)日：1987-12-22
申请号：US838709
申请日：1986-03-12
申请人： George E. Andrews , Paul C. Davis , Dennis C. Farley , Stanley H. Kravitz , Thrygve R. Meeker , Owe G. Petersen , Arthur W. Schelling
发明人： George E. Andrews , Paul C. Davis , Dennis C. Farley , Stanley H. Kravitz , Thrygve R. Meeker , Owe G. Petersen , Arthur W. Schelling
IPC分类号： H04L7/027 , H04L25/40 , H04L25/52 , H04L7/00
CPC分类号： H04L7/027
摘要： A clock recovery and data retiming circuit is disclosed which utilizes a SAW filter to form the recovered clock signal. The phase shift of the received data signal associated with various attenuation and distortion effects of the communication channel is compensated for and removed from the retimed data signal by adjusting the phase of the SAW filter.
摘要翻译：公开了一种使用SAW滤波器形成恢复的时钟信号的时钟恢复和数据重新定时电路。与通信信道的各种衰减和失真效应相关联的接收数据信号的相移通过调整SAW滤波器的相位来补偿和重新定时数据信号，并从其中去除。

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