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1. 发明授权

US4591414A Method of determining methane and electrochemical sensor therefor 失效
标题翻译：测定甲烷和电化学传感器的方法
公开(公告)号：US4591414A
公开(公告)日：1986-05-27
申请号：US644467
申请日：1984-08-27
申请人： Solomon Zaromb , Takaaki Otagawa , Joseph R. Stetter
发明人： Solomon Zaromb , Takaaki Otagawa , Joseph R. Stetter
IPC分类号： G01N27/49 , G01N27/28 , G01N27/52
CPC分类号： G01N27/4045
摘要： A method and instrument including an electrochemical cell for the detection and measurement of methane in a gas by the oxidation of methane electrochemically at a working electrode in a nonaqueous electrolyte at a voltage about about 1.4 volts versus R.H.E. (the reversible hydrogen electrode potential in the same electrolyte), and the measurement of the electrical signal resulting from the electrochemical oxidation.
摘要翻译：一种包括电化学电池的方法和仪器，所述电化学电池用于通过电化学地在非水电解质中的工作电极以相对于R.H.E的约1.4伏的电压氧化甲烷来检测和测量气体中的甲烷。（相同电解液中的可逆氢电极电位）以及由电化学氧化产生的电信号的测量。

2. 发明授权

US5047352A Selective chemical detection by energy modulation of sensors 失效
标题翻译：通过传感器能量调节进行选择性化学检测
公开(公告)号：US5047352A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-10
申请号：US300206
申请日：1989-01-23
申请人： Joseph R. Stetter , Takaaki Otagawa
发明人： Joseph R. Stetter , Takaaki Otagawa
IPC分类号： G01N27/28 , G01N33/00
CPC分类号： G01N33/0016 , G01N2033/0019 , Y10T436/25 , Y10T436/25875
摘要： A portable instrument for use in the field in detecting, identifying, and quantifying a component of a sampled fluid includes a sensor which chemically reacts with the component of interest or a derivative thereof, an electrical heating filament for heating the sample before it is applied to the sensor, and modulator for continuously varying the temperature of the filament (and hence the reaction rate) between two values sufficient to produce the chemical reaction. In response to this thermal modulation, the sensor produces a modulated output signal, the modulation of which is a function of the activation energy of the chemical reaction, which activation energy is specific to the particular component of interest and its concentration. Microprocessor which compares the modulated output signal with standard responses for a plurality of components to identify and quantify the particular component of interest. In particular, the concentration of the component of interest is proportional to the amplitude of the modulated output signal, while the identifying activation output energy of the chemical interaction indicative of that component is proportional to a normalized parameter equal to the peak-to-peak amplitude divided by the height of the upper peaks above a base line signal level.
摘要翻译：用于本领域中用于检测，识别和定量取样流体的组分的便携式仪器包括与感兴趣的组分或其衍生物发生化学反应的传感器，用于在将样品施加到样品之前加热样品的电加热丝传感器和调制器，用于在足以产生化学反应的两个值之间连续地改变灯丝的温度（因此反应速率）。响应于该热调制，传感器产生调制输出信号，其调制是化学反应的活化能的函数，该活化能是特定于感兴趣的特定成分及其浓度的函数。将调制的输出信号与多个组件的标准响应进行比较以识别和量化感兴趣的特定分量的微处理器。特别地，感兴趣的组分的浓度与调制的输出信号的幅度成比例，而指示该分量的化学相互作用的识别激活输出能量与等于峰 - 峰幅度的归一化参数成比例除以基线信号电平以上的上峰的高度。

3. 发明申请

US20120125772A1 Printed Gas Sensor 审中-公开
标题翻译：印刷气体传感器
公开(公告)号：US20120125772A1
公开(公告)日：2012-05-24
申请号：US12953672
申请日：2010-11-24
申请人： Joseph R. Stetter , Edward F. Stetter , Daniel Ebeling , Melvin Findlay , Vinay Patel
发明人： Joseph R. Stetter , Edward F. Stetter , Daniel Ebeling , Melvin Findlay , Vinay Patel
IPC分类号： G01N27/30 , B05D5/12 , C09D11/10 , B32B37/14 , B32B38/14 , B82Y99/00
CPC分类号： G01N27/404 , B32B37/185 , B32B38/0004 , B32B38/145 , B32B2309/105 , B32B2310/0806 , B32B2310/0843 , B32B2323/10 , B32B2457/00 , C09D11/03 , C09D11/106 , G01N27/4045
摘要： A printed gas sensor is disclosed. The sensor may include a porous substrate, an electrode layer, a liquid or gel electrolyte layer, and an encapsulation layer. The electrode layer comprises two or more electrodes that are formed on one side of the porous substrate. The liquid or gel electrolyte layer is in electrolytic contact with the two or more electrodes. The encapsulation layer encapsulates the electrode layer and electrolyte layer thereby forming an integrated structure with the porous substrate.
摘要翻译：公开了印刷气体传感器。传感器可以包括多孔基底，电极层，液体或凝胶电解质层以及封装层。电极层包括形成在多孔基材的一侧上的两个或更多个电极。液体或凝胶电解质层与两个或更多个电极电解接触。封装层封装电极层和电解质层，从而与多孔基底形成整体结构。

4. 发明授权

US5512882A Chemical sensing apparatus and methods 失效
标题翻译：化学传感装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US5512882A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-30
申请号：US741573
申请日：1991-08-07
申请人： Joseph R. Stetter , G. Jordan Maclay
发明人： Joseph R. Stetter , G. Jordan Maclay
IPC分类号： G01N27/02 , G01N27/12 , G08B17/10
CPC分类号： G01N27/126
摘要： Apparatus for the detection of a vapor of a selected chemical substance includes a sensor whose impedance changes upon exposure to such a vapor. The sensor comprises a polymer whose physical structure is altered by the vapor, e.g., through expansion or disintegration, and electrically conductive elements that are interspersed with or separated by the polymer. The interspersed elements may consist of a fine powder of carbon or of a metal in a matrix of silicone or other vapor-sensitive polymer. The electrical contacts between the powder particles are weakened when the polymer swells or disintegrates, which results in increased resistance. Alternatively, the capacitance between two conductive layers separated by a polymer layer decreases, and hence the impedance increases, when the polymer swells upon exposure to the vapor. In yet another embodiment, the polymer exerts a stress on a piezoresistive element and the stress is increased when the polymer swells, which causes a further increase in resistance. The changes are measured by an impedance-measuring circuit, such as a Wheatstone bridge.
摘要翻译：用于检测所选化学物质的蒸汽的装置包括一种传感器，其在暴露于这种蒸气时其阻抗发生变化。传感器包括其物理结构被蒸气改变的聚合物，例如通过膨胀或分解，以及与聚合物分散或分离的导电元件。散在的元素可以由硅或者其它气敏聚合物的基质中的碳或金属的细粉末组成。当聚合物溶胀或分解时，粉末颗粒之间的电接触被削弱，这导致增加的电阻。或者，当聚合物在暴露于蒸气时膨胀时，由聚合物层分离的两个导电层之间的电容降低，并且因此阻抗增加。在另一个实施方案中，聚合物在压阻元件上施加应力，并且当聚合物膨胀时应力增加，这导致电阻的进一步增加。这些变化由诸如惠斯通电桥之类的阻抗测量电路来测量。

5. 发明授权

US5331310A Amperometric carbon monoxide sensor module for residential alarms 失效
标题翻译：电流一氧化碳传感器模块，用于住宅报警器
公开(公告)号：US5331310A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-19
申请号：US864330
申请日：1992-04-06
申请人： Joseph R. Stetter , Li Pan
发明人： Joseph R. Stetter , Li Pan
IPC分类号： G01N27/49 , G08B17/117 , G08B17/10
CPC分类号： G01N27/4045 , G08B17/117
摘要： A relatively inexpensive modular component that can be substituted for, or used in conjunction with, an existing smoke detector in a commercially available residential fire-detection alarm comprises: (A) an amperometric sensor for carbon monoxide, in which the reference and counter electrodes are combined either internally into a single auxiliary electrode or externally by electrical shorting; and (b) a simple current-to-voltage converter circuit that converts the current signals from the sensing electrode into amplified voltage signals. The converter circuit is powered by the same battery (usually a 9-volt dry cell) and is connected to the same alarm-triggering circuit that are used in existing residential fire alarms. The sensor-and-converter module is designed to fit into a commercially available smoke-detector-type fire alarm unit. The electrical output of the module is designed to be compatible with the electrical input requirements of the commercial detection circuitry. An alarm fitted with this module provides early warning of hazardous conditions, such as a smoldering fire, a leaky furnace, or an otherwise heavily polluted atmosphere.
摘要翻译：在市售的住宅火灾检测报警器中可以替代或与现有烟雾探测器一起使用的相对廉价的模块化部件包括：（A）用于一氧化碳的电流传感器，其中参考和对电极是内部组合成单个辅助电极，或外部电气短路; 和（b）简单的电流 - 电压转换器电路，其将来自感测电极的电流信号转换成放大的电压信号。转换器电路由相同的电池（通常为9伏干电池）供电，并连接到与现有住宅火灾报警器中使用的同一个报警触发电路。传感器和转换器模块设计成适合市售的烟雾探测器型火灾报警装置。模块的电气输出设计为与商业检测电路的电气输入要求兼容。装有该模块的报警器可提供危险状况的早期警告，例如闷烧的火灾，泄漏炉或其他严重污染的气体。

6. 发明授权

US5198771A Potentiostatic apparatus and methods 失效
标题翻译：静电设备和方法
公开(公告)号：US5198771A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-30
申请号：US753835
申请日：1991-09-03
申请人： John C. Fidler , James P. Bobis , William R. Penrose , Joseph R. Stetter
发明人： John C. Fidler , James P. Bobis , William R. Penrose , Joseph R. Stetter
IPC分类号： G01N27/416 , G05F1/56
CPC分类号： G05F1/561 , G01N27/49
摘要： A potentiostat for an amperometric sensor uses a voltage-controlled current source (VCCS), which may be either unidirectional or, preferably, bidirectional. An error amplifier compares the potential of the sensor's reference or counter electrode, relative to ground potential, to a set-point potential. The error voltage serves as an input to the VCCS. The output of the VCCS--a current proportional to the error voltage--is supplied to the sensor's auxiliary electrode. In a steady state, the error voltage is just large enough to supply current that is equal to the current through the sensor's working and auxiliary (or counter) electrodes. The error voltage can either serve directly as an output voltage or it can be amplified without introducing a feed-back loop disturbance. The VCCS permits direct grounding of the sensor's working electrode and operation of the error amplifier at a low or moderate gain, so as to increase the circuit's frequency response and reduce the probability of oscillation. Also, in conjunction with an adjustable low-pass filter, the VCCS permits optimization of the system's frequency response so as to yield improved stability.
摘要翻译：用于电流传感器的恒电位仪使用压控电流源（VCCS），其可以是单向的，或者优选地是双向的。误差放大器将传感器参考电极或对电极相对于地电位的电位与设定点电位进行比较。误差电压用作VCCS的输入。输出与误差电压成比例的VCCS-a电流输入到传感器的辅助电极。在稳定状态下，误差电压足够大以提供等于通过传感器工作电极和辅助（或反向）电极的电流的电流。误差电压可以直接作为输出电压，也可以在不引入反馈回路干扰的情况下进行放大。 VCCS允许传感器的工作电极直接接地和误差放大器的操作在低或中等增益，以增加电路的频率响应并降低振荡的概率。此外，结合可调低通滤波器，VCCS可以优化系统的频率响应，从而提高稳定性。

7. 发明授权

US4818348A Method and apparatus for identifying and quantifying simple and complex chemicals 失效
标题翻译：用于识别和量化简单和复杂化学品的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：US4818348A
公开(公告)日：1989-04-04
申请号：US53723
申请日：1987-05-26
申请人： Joseph R. Stetter
发明人： Joseph R. Stetter
IPC分类号： G01N30/02 , G01N30/62 , G01N33/00 , G01N31/00
CPC分类号： G01N33/0031 , G01N2030/025 , G01N2030/027 , G01N30/62 , Y10T436/117497
摘要： A portable instrument for use in the field in detecting, identifying, quantifying, and monitoring gas, liquid or solid materials is disclosed. The instrument may analyze either liquids or gases depending upon the type of sensor array therein. The instrument also includes means for changing a gas, liquid or solid to a fluid material. The instrument further includes an array or small sensors which, upon exposure to the unknown material, form a pattern of electrical responses, a source of previously formed response patterns characteristic of various materials, and microprocessor means for comparing the sensor-formed response pattern with one or more previously-formed response patterns to thereby identify the material on a display. The number of responses may be increased by changing the operating voltage, temperature or other condition associated with one or more sensors to provide a plurality of responses from each of one or more of the sensors. The instrument is capable of identifying a large number of liquid and solid materials.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于现场检测，识别，量化和监测气体，液体或固体材料的便携式仪器。仪器可以根据其中的传感器阵列的类型来分析液体或气体。该仪器还包括用于将气体，液体或固体改变为流体材料的装置。该仪器还包括阵列或小型传感器，其在暴露于未知材料时形成电响应的图案，具有各种材料特征的先前形成的响应图案的源，以及用于将传感器形成的响应图案与一个或更多的先前形成的响应模式，从而识别显示器上的材料。响应的数量可以通过改变与一个或多个传感器相关联的工作电压，温度或其它条件来提高来自一个或多个传感器中的每一个的多个响应。该仪器能够识别大量的液体和固体材料。

8. 发明授权

US4326927A Method and device for the detection and measurement of electrochemically active compounds 失效
标题翻译：用于检测和测量电化学活性化合物的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4326927A
公开(公告)日：1982-04-27
申请号：US172170
申请日：1980-07-25
申请人： Joseph R. Stetter , Donald R. Rutt
发明人： Joseph R. Stetter , Donald R. Rutt
IPC分类号： G01N27/49 , G01N27/46 , G01N27/52
CPC分类号： G01N27/4045
摘要： An electrochemical sensing device comprising a sensing electrode, a counter electrode, an electrolyte in contact with said sensing electrode and counter electrode, said sensing electrode comprising a porous hydrophobic substrate having vapor-deposited thereon a porous film of a catalyst to provicde a diffusion electrode, means for exposing said sensing electrode to the gas to be detected, means electrically coupled to said sensing electrode for maintaining said sensing electrode at a potential of about 0.4 volt to about 1.5 volt with respect to the potential of the reversible hydrogen couple in the electrolyte of said cell, and means for measuring current flowing between said sensing electrode and said counter electrode which measured current is a measure of the concentration of the noxious gas being detected.
摘要翻译：一种电化学感测装置，包括感测电极，对电极，与所述感测电极和对电极接触的电解质，所述感测电极包括多孔疏水基底，其上蒸镀有催化剂的多孔膜以提供扩散电极，用于将所述感测电极暴露于要检测的气体的装置，电耦合到所述感测电极的装置，用于将所述感测电极相对于所述电解质中的可逆氢气的电位维持在约0.4伏特至约1.5伏的电位所述电池，以及用于测量在所述感测电极和所述对电极之间流动的电流的装置，所测量的电流是所检测的有害气体的浓度的量度。

9. 发明授权

US08452356B2 Optical microneedle-based spectrometer 失效
标题翻译：光学微针基光谱仪
公开(公告)号：US08452356B2
公开(公告)日：2013-05-28
申请号：US12434640
申请日：2009-05-02
申请人： Michael J. Vestel , Karen M. Nashold , Joseph R. Stetter , Diane P. Walter , Gregory W. Faris , Christopher Holland , Roger Schmidt
发明人： Michael J. Vestel , Karen M. Nashold , Joseph R. Stetter , Diane P. Walter , Gregory W. Faris , Christopher Holland , Roger Schmidt
IPC分类号： A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/1459 , A61B5/14532 , A61B5/14546 , A61B5/6833 , A61B5/6849 , A61B2562/028
摘要： Optical microneedles are adapted for near-infrared or mid-infrared in vivo spectroscopic sensing; and provide a MEMS-based spectrometer for continuous lactate and glucose monitoring by means of a near-infrared or mid-infrared optical microneedle array in a transdermal patch.
摘要翻译：光学微针适用于近红外或中红外体内光谱传感; 并且通过在透皮贴剂中的近红外或中红外光学微针阵列提供用于连续乳酸盐和葡萄糖监测的基于MEMS的光谱仪。

10. 发明授权

US08310016B2 Apparatus and method for microfabricated multi-dimensional sensors and sensing systems 有权
标题翻译：微型多维传感器和传感系统的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US08310016B2
公开(公告)日：2012-11-13
申请号：US12615110
申请日：2009-11-09
申请人： Joseph R. Stetter
发明人： Joseph R. Stetter
IPC分类号： H01L29/82
CPC分类号： G01N33/0032 , A61B5/01 , A61B5/021 , A61B5/02438 , A61B5/0816 , A61B5/14552 , A61B2562/028 , B81B3/0021 , G01N27/128 , G01N33/497
摘要： A universal microelectromechanical (MEMS) nano-sensor platform having a substrate and conductive layer deposited in a pattern on the surface to make several devices at the same time, a patterned insulation layer, wherein the insulation layer is configured to expose one or more portions of the conductive layer, and one or more functionalization layers deposited on the exposed portions of the conductive layer to make multiple sensing capability on a single MEMS fabricated device. The functionalization layers are adapted to provide one or more transducer sensor classes selected from the group consisting of: radiant, electrochemical, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, and thermal sensors for chemical and physical variables and producing more than one type of sensor for one or more significant parameters that need to be monitored.
摘要翻译：一种通用微电子机械（MEMS）纳米传感器平台，其具有在表面上以图案沉积的衬底和导电层，以同时形成多个器件，图案化绝缘层，其中绝缘层被配置为暴露一个或多个部分导电层和沉积在导电层的暴露部分上的一个或多个官能化层，以在单个MEMS制造的器件上产生多个感测能力。功能化层适于提供从由以下组成的组中选择的一个或多个换能器传感器类别：用于化学和物理变量的辐射，电化学，电子，机械，磁性和热传感器，并且生成用于一个或多个的多于一种类型的传感器需要监测的重要参数。

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