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    • 6. 发明授权
    • Microprogrammed system having hardware interrupt apparatus
    • 具有硬件中断装置的微编程系统
    • US4484271A
    • 1984-11-20
    • US392500
    • 1982-06-28
    • Ming T. MiuJohn J. BradleyJian-Kuo Shen
    • Ming T. MiuJohn J. BradleyJian-Kuo Shen
    • G06F9/26
    • G06F9/268
    • A hardware interrupt apparatus for assigning the microprogrammed control system to the highest priority hardware interrupt requesting service. In a microprogrammed control system having at least one hardware interrupt, the presence of a hardware interrupt request will cause the interruption of the currently executing microprogram at the end of the current microinstruction. The address of the next microinstruction in the interrupted microprogram is saved in a hardware interrupt return address register and the next microinstruction address is generated as a function of the particular hardware interrupt to be serviced. A microprogram dedicated to servicing the particular hardware interrupt is then entered at the hardware interrupt generated next microinstruction address. Logic is provided within each microinstruction to inhibit hardware interrupts. Logic is provided within each microinstruction to indicate that the address of the next microinstruction should be taken from the hardware interrupt return address register, thereby allowing for the resumption of the interrupted microprogram. The hardware interrupt apparatus is further organized such that the entry to a second hardware interrupt service microprogram can be made upon the completion of a first hardware interrupt service microprogram without having to return to the original microprogram interrupted by the first hardware interrupt. Upon completion of the second hardware interrupt microprogram service routine, return can be made to the original microprogram interrupted by the first hardware interrupt.
    • 一种硬件中断装置,用于将微程序控制系统分配给最高优先级的硬件中断请求服务。 在具有至少一个硬件中断的微程序控制系统中,存在硬件中断请求将导致在当前微指令结束时当前执行的微程序的中断。 中断微程序中的下一个微指令的地址被保存在硬件中断返回地址寄存器中,并且根据要维护的特定硬件中断产生下一个微指令地址。 然后在产生下一个微指令地址的硬件中断输入专用于维护特定硬件中断的微程序。 在每个微指令内提供逻辑以禁止硬件中断。 在每个微指令内提供逻辑,以指示下一个微指令的地址应从硬件中断返回地址寄存器中取出,从而允许恢复中断的微程序。 硬件中断装置被进一步组织,使得可以在完成第一硬件中断服务微程序之后进入到第二硬件中断服务微程序,而不必返回到由第一硬件中断中断的原始微程序。 在完成第二个硬件中断微程序服务程序后,可以返回由第一个硬件中断中断的原始微程序。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Decimal arithmetic logic unit for doubling or complementing decimal
operand
    • 十进制算术逻辑单元,用于加倍或补数十进制运算
    • US4604722A
    • 1986-08-05
    • US537899
    • 1983-09-30
    • Theodore R. Staplin, Jr.John J. BradleyBrian L. Stoffers
    • Theodore R. Staplin, Jr.John J. BradleyBrian L. Stoffers
    • G06F7/48G06F7/491
    • G06F7/491
    • A data processing system having a central processing unit (CPU) capable of performing binary and decimal arithmetic software instructions is described. The CPU includes a microprocessor which executes the binary arithmetic software instructions under firmware control. Also disclosed is an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) that functions with the CPU. The ALU has operand inputs to which are connected switched steering circuits that permit particular operands and zero operands to be selectively applied to any or all of the ALU operand inputs. This allows easy performance of special arithmetic functions such as adding a decimal operand to itself when converting the decimal operand to a binary operand, and to subtract a decimal operand from zero when complementing decimal operands.
    • 描述了具有能够执行二进制和十进制算术软件指令的中央处理单元(CPU)的数据处理系统。 CPU包括在固件控制下执行二进制算术软件指令的微处理器。 还公开了与CPU一起使用的算术逻辑单元(ALU)。 ALU具有操作数输入,连接的切换导向电路允许特定操作数和零操作数选择性地施加到ALU操作数输入中的任何一个或全部。 这允许简单的执行特殊的算术运算功能,例如在将十进制操作数转换为二进制操作数时将其自身加一个十进制操作数,并在补零十进制操作数时从零中减去十进制操作数。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Program counter stacking method and apparatus for nested subroutines and
interrupts
    • 用于嵌套子程序和中断的程序计数器堆叠方法和装置
    • US4488227A
    • 1984-12-11
    • US446748
    • 1982-12-03
    • Ming T. MiuJohn J. Bradley
    • Ming T. MiuJohn J. Bradley
    • G06F9/42G06F9/22G06F9/26G06F9/32G06F9/40
    • G06F9/30054G06F9/268G06F9/4426
    • A computer system which facilitates the execution of nested subroutines and interrupts is disclosed. As each branch transfer within the program is executed by a control area logic, a microcommand initiates the transfer of the return address, which has been derived from the address in the present routine, to a first register of a push down stack. In addition, the microcommand also pushes down one level the contents of all of the registers in the stack containing previously stored return addresses. Thus, a sequential return to unfinished routines or subroutines is provided. When the subroutine or hardware interrupt service routine is completed, a code in the address field enables the return address of the previously branched from or interrupted routine to be retrieved from the first register in the push down stack and to provide it as the address of the next instruction to be executed. The retrieval of the return address from the push down stack also pops all other stored return addresses one level in the stack. In addition to providing multiple levels of subroutine and interrupt nesting, any number of subroutines or hardware interrupts may be partially completed since the last operating subroutine or hardware interrupt service routine is always the first one to be completed. Logic is also provided to detect the occurrence of a hardware interrupt during a return sequence such that the requirement to simultaneously push and pop the stack is properly handled.
    • 公开了一种便于执行嵌套子程序和中断的计算机系统。 当程序内的每个分支传送由控制区域逻辑执行时,微指令启动已经从本例程中的地址导出的返回地址到下推堆栈的第一寄存器的传送。 此外,微指令还将包含先前存储的返回地址的堆栈中的所有寄存器的内容推下一级。 因此,提供了顺序返回到未完成的例程或子程序。 当子程序或硬件中断服务程序完成时,地址字段中的代码使得先前分支的或中断的例程的返回地址能够从下推栈中的第一个寄存器检索,并将其提供为 下一条要执行的指令。 从下拉堆栈中检索返回地址也会在堆栈中弹出所有其他存储的返回地址一级。 除了提供多级子程序和中断嵌套之外,任何数量的子程序或硬件中断可能会部分完成,因为最后一个操作子程序或硬件中断服务程序始终是第一个要完成的程序。 还提供逻辑以在返回序列期间检测硬件中断的发生,从而适当地处理同时推送和弹出栈的要求。