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1. 发明授权

US4751391A High resolution X-ray collimator/detector system having reduced sensitivity to leakage radiation 失效
标题翻译：高分辨率X射线准直仪/检测器系统对泄漏辐射敏感性降低
公开(公告)号：US4751391A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-14
申请号：US944483
申请日：1986-12-19
申请人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , David W. Oliver
发明人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , David W. Oliver
IPC分类号： G01T1/185 , G21K1/02 , H01J47/02
CPC分类号： G21K1/025 , G01T1/185 , H01J47/02
摘要： An ionization chamber X-ray detector which minimizes the effects of leakage X-rays in systems where a collimator is employed to define resolution. The active collection volume of each detector element is reduced to the actual volume occupied by the negative ion cloud resulting from an incident X-ray beam for optimum response to desired radiation while minimizing response to leakage radiation by a combination of reducing the width of the collector electrodes with wider spaces in between the collector electrodes, and providing metallized guard electrodes between the collector electrodes. The guard electrodes serve to collect electrons freed by ionization between the collector electrodes resulting from "noise" X-rays, preventing these particular electrons from building up a space charge, or from reaching the actual collector electrodes. In addition, electric field distortions are minimized, with a consequent avoidance of adverse effects on detector response characteristics.
摘要翻译：一种电离室X射线检测器，其使用准直仪来定义分辨率的系统中泄漏X射线的影响最小化。每个检测器元件的主动收集体积被减少到由入射的X射线束产生的负离子云所占据的实际体积，以对期望的辐射进行最佳响应，同时通过减少收集器的宽度的组合来最小化对泄漏辐射的响应在集电极之间具有较宽空间的电极，以及在集电极之间提供金属化的保护电极。保护电极用于收集由“噪声”X射线产生的集电极之间的离子释放的电子，防止这些特定的电子建立空间电荷，或者到达实际的集电极。此外，电场失真最小化，从而避免了对检测器响应特性的不利影响。

2. 发明授权

US07433507B2 Imaging chain for digital tomosynthesis on a flat panel detector 有权
标题翻译：用于平板检测器上数字断层合成的成像链
公开(公告)号：US07433507B2
公开(公告)日：2008-10-07
申请号：US10613591
申请日：2003-07-03
申请人： Kadri N. Jabri , Gopal B. Avinash , Stephen W. Metz , John M. Sabol , Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Bernard E. H. Claus , John P. Kaufhold
发明人： Kadri N. Jabri , Gopal B. Avinash , Stephen W. Metz , John M. Sabol , Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Bernard E. H. Claus , John P. Kaufhold
IPC分类号： G06K9/00 , G06K9/32 , G06K9/03
CPC分类号： G06T11/008 , G06T5/00 , G06T11/005 , G06T2207/10112 , G06T2207/30004 , G06T2211/436
摘要： A method of creating and displaying images resulting from digital tomosynthesis performed on a subject using a flat panel detector is disclosed. The method includes the step of acquiring a series of x-ray images of the subject, where each x-ray image is acquired at different angles relative to the subject. The method also includes the steps of applying a first set of corrective measures to the series of images, reconstructing the series of images into a series of slices through the subject, and applying a second set of corrective measures to the slices. The method further includes the step of displaying the images or slices according to at least one of a plurality of display options.
摘要翻译：公开了一种创建和显示使用平板检测器对受试者进行数字断层合成所产生和显示的图像的方法。该方法包括获取被摄物体的一系列X射线图像的步骤，其中以相对于被摄体的不同角度获取每个X射线图像。该方法还包括以下步骤：将第一组校正措施应用于一系列图像，将该系列图像重建成通过对象的一系列切片，以及将第二组校正措施应用于切片。该方法还包括根据多个显示选项中的至少一个显示图像或切片的步骤。

3. 发明授权

US5073910A Square wave cone beam scanning trajectory for data completeness in three-dimensional computerized tomography 失效
标题翻译：方波锥束扫描轨迹，用于三维计算机断层扫描中的数据完整性
公开(公告)号：US5073910A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-17
申请号：US572651
申请日：1990-08-27
申请人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Kristina H. V. Hedengren
发明人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Kristina H. V. Hedengren
IPC分类号： A61B6/03 , G01N23/04 , G01T1/161 , G06T1/00 , G06T11/00
CPC分类号： G01N23/046 , G01N2223/419 , Y10S378/901
摘要： A configuration for three-dimensional cone beam computerized tomography imaging which allows a complete data set to be acquired in a practical manner, while providing fast data acquisition to minimize motion artifacts. An object within a field of view such that every plane passing through the field of view passes through the source scanning trajectory at least once.
摘要翻译：用于三维锥束计算机断层摄影成像的配置，其允许以实用的方式获取完整的数据集，同时提供快速数据采集以最小化运动伪像。在视野范围内的物体，使得穿过视场的每个平面通过源扫描轨迹至少一次。

4. 发明授权

US4942596A Adaptive enhancement of x-ray images 失效
标题翻译： x射线图像的自适应增强
公开(公告)号：US4942596A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-17
申请号：US238806
申请日：1988-08-31
申请人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Rudolph Koegl , John P. Keaveney
发明人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Rudolph Koegl , John P. Keaveney
IPC分类号： H05G1/46 , H05G1/60
CPC分类号： H05G1/46 , H05G1/60
摘要： The quality of x-ray images is significantly enhanced by adjusting the x-ray system operating parameters in real time during acquisition of x-ray data to take information about the part into account adaptively. X-ray energy, x-ray flux, and integration time can all by varied independently and in combination to improve the signal to noise ratio in the image. The x-ray data from a previous subsection of the image is processed to determine optimum system operating parameters for a next image subsection. x-ray tube voltage is adjusted to change x-ray energy and keep .alpha.L close to 2 over all image subsections. X-ray tube current is adjusted to change x-ray flux and data acquisition integration time is adjusted to keep the signal to noise ratio within limits.
摘要翻译：通过在采集x射线数据的过程中实时调整x射线系统的运行参数，自适应地考虑该部分的信息，可显着增强X射线图像的质量。 X射线能量，X射线通量和积分时间可以通过独立变化和组合变化，以提高图像中的信噪比。来自图像的先前子部分的x射线数据被处理以确定下一个图像子部分的最佳系统操作参数。调整x射线管电压以改变x射线能量，并使αL在所有图像子部分保持接近2。调整X射线管电流以改变x射线通量，并调整数据采集积分时间以保持信噪比的范围。

5. 发明授权

US4920491A Enhancement of image quality by utilization of a priori information 失效
标题翻译：通过利用先验信息增强图像质量
公开(公告)号：US4920491A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-24
申请号：US194235
申请日：1988-05-16
申请人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Kristina H. Hedengren
发明人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Kristina H. Hedengren
IPC分类号： A61B6/03 , A61B8/00 , G01N23/04 , G06T1/00 , G06T11/00 , G06T15/08
CPC分类号： G06T11/006 , G01N23/046 , G01N2223/419 , Y10S378/901
摘要： The quality of incomplete data Non-Destructive Evaluation and Computed Tomography images is improved by incorporating a priori information into the image reconstruction and image processing to supplement the available data. The a priori information is provided by electronic models of the part derived from a solid modeler, physics of the inspection process, and outputs of touch and other sensors. Methods of improving limited-angle X-ray CT images are given. Calculated projection data in the missing angular range is provided by calculating x-ray path lengths through a solid model of the part, and x-ray attenuation from known physical parameters of the part and source. The measured and calculated projection data are combined to reconstruct the CT image. In an iterative reconstruction approach, precise boundary information from a model and calculated attenuation are information to improve the limited angle image.
摘要翻译：不完整数据的质量通过将先验信息并入到图像重建和图像处理中以补充可用数据来改进非破坏性评估和计算机断层摄影图像。先验信息由源自实体建模器的部件的电子模型，检查过程的物理学以及触摸和其它传感器的输出提供。给出了改善有限角度X射线CT图像的方法。通过计算通过部件的实体模型的x射线路径长度和从部件和源的已知物理参数得到的x射线衰减来提供缺失角度范围内的计算投影数据。将测量和计算的投影数据组合以重建CT图像。在迭代重建方法中，来自模型和计算衰减的精确边界信息是改善有限角度图像的信息。

6. 发明授权

US5325296A Step size in complete data scanning path for three dimensional computerized tomography 失效
标题翻译：用于三维计算机断层扫描的完整数据扫描路径中的步长
公开(公告)号：US5325296A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-28
申请号：US992673
申请日：1992-12-18
申请人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard
发明人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard
IPC分类号： G06T11/00 , H05G1/60 , G06F15/00
CPC分类号： G06T11/005 , H05G1/60 , A61B6/027
摘要： A technique for selecting discrete data acquisition points in three-dimensional computerized tomograph (3D CT) is based upon the center-to-center distances between detector elements in an area detector used for detecting images. The data acquisition points are selected to avoid excess computer power for processing redundant data and, at the same time, insure that a sufficient number of data points are used to minimize distortion and/or artifacts.
摘要翻译：用于在三维计算机断层摄影术（3D CT）中选择离散数据采集点的技术基于用于检测图像的区域检测器中的检测器元件之间的中心到中心距离。选择数据采集点以避免用于处理冗余数据的过多计算机电力，并且同时确保使用足够数量的数据点来最小化失真和/或伪影。

7. 发明授权

US5319693A Three dimensional computerized tomography scanning configuration for imaging large objects with smaller area detectors 失效
标题翻译：三维计算机断层扫描配置，用于对具有较小面积检测器的大型物体进行成像
公开(公告)号：US5319693A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-07
申请号：US998330
申请日：1992-12-30
申请人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Kwok C. Tam , Kristina H. V. Hedengren
发明人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Kwok C. Tam , Kristina H. V. Hedengren
IPC分类号： A61B6/03 , G01N23/04 , G01N23/00
CPC分类号： A61B6/032 , G01N23/046 , G01N2223/419 , G01N2223/63
摘要： Relatively large objects are viewed using relatively small area detectors by changing the configurations corresponding to the relative positioning of a source of cone beam imaging energy, the object which is to be viewed, and the area detector. A relatively large area detector is simulated by use of a high quality, high resolution, relatively small area detector. The simulated area detector allows imaging of objects which are too wide and/or too high for an actual area detector. The different configurations may be realized by moving the actual area detector relative to the source or by repositioning the object relative to the area detector. Movement for reconfiguration may be in a plane parallel to a plane in which a scan path is disposed if the object is too wide. If the object is too high, the reconfiguration movement would be perpendicular to a plane in which a scan path, usually circular, is located.
摘要翻译：通过改变对应于锥形束成像能量源（待观察对象）和区域检测器的相对定位的配置，使用相对较小的区域检测器观察相对较大的物体。通过使用高质量，高分辨率，相对较小的区域检测器来模拟相对较大的面积检测器。模拟区域检测器允许成像对于实际区域检测器太宽和/或太高的物体。可以通过相对于源移动实际区域检测器或通过相对于区域检测器重新定位物体来实现不同的配置。如果对象太宽，则用于重新配置的移动可以在平行于其中布置扫描路径的平面的平面中。如果对象太高，则重新配置运动将垂直于其中通常为圆形的扫描路径所在的平面。

8. 发明授权

US5032990A Translate rotate scanning method for x-ray imaging 失效
标题翻译：翻译旋转扫描方法进行X射线成像
公开(公告)号：US5032990A
公开(公告)日：1991-07-16
申请号：US357914
申请日：1989-05-30
申请人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Kwok C. Tam
发明人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Kwok C. Tam
IPC分类号： A61B6/00 , A61B6/03 , G01N23/04
CPC分类号： G01N23/046 , G01N2223/419 , Y10S378/901
摘要： Rapid x-ray inspection of objects larger than an x-ray detector array is based on a translate rotate scanning motion of the object relative to the fan beam source and detector. The scan for computerized tomography imaging is accomplished by rotating the object through 360 degrees at two or more positions relative to the source and detector array; in moving to another position the object is rotated and the object or source and detector are translated. A partial set of x-ray data is acquired at every position which are combined to obtain a full data set for complete image reconstruction. X-ray data for digital radiography imaging is acquired by scanning the object vertically at a first position at one view angle, rotating and translating the object relative to the source and detector to a second position, scanning vertically, and so on to cover the object field of view, and combining the partial data sets.
摘要翻译：大于X射线探测器阵列的物体的快速x射线检查是基于物体相对于扇形光束源和检测器的平移旋转扫描运动。计算机断层扫描成像的扫描是通过相对于源和检测器阵列在两个或多个位置旋转物体360度来实现的; 在移动到另一位置时，物体被旋转并且对象或源和检测器被翻译。在组合的每个位置处获取部分X射线数据，以获得用于完整图像重建的完整数据集。用于数字放射摄影成像的X射线数据是通过在一个视角处的第一位置垂直扫描物体，相对于源和检测器旋转和平移物体到第二位置，垂直扫描等来覆盖物体而获得的视野，并组合部分数据集。

9. 发明授权

US4638499A High resolution collimator system for X-ray detector 失效
标题翻译：用于X射线探测器的高分辨率准直仪系统
公开(公告)号：US4638499A
公开(公告)日：1987-01-20
申请号：US875021
申请日：1986-06-16
申请人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Dallas E. Cain
发明人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Dallas E. Cain
IPC分类号： G01T1/185 , G21K1/02
CPC分类号： G01T1/185 , G21K1/025
摘要： High resolution in an X-ray computerized tomography (CT) inspection system is achieved by using a collimator/detector combination to limit the beam width of the X-ray beam incident on a detector element to the desired resolution width. In a detector such as a high pressure Xenon detector array, a narrow tapered collimator is provided above a wide detector element. The collimator slits have any desired width, as small as a few mils at the top, the slit width is easily controlled, and they are fabricated on standard machines. The slit length determines the slice thickness of the CT image.
摘要翻译：通过使用准直仪/检测器组合来将入射到检测器元件上的X射线束的波束宽度限制到期望的分辨率宽度，从而实现X射线计算机断层摄影（CT）检查系统中的高分辨率。在诸如高压氙检测器阵列的检测器中，在宽的检测器元件上方提供窄锥形准直仪。准直器狭缝具有任何期望的宽度，在顶部小至几密耳，狭缝宽度易于控制，并且它们在标准机器上制造。狭缝长度决定CT图像的切片厚度。

10. 发明授权

US06885724B2 Radiographic tomosynthesis image acquisition utilizing asymmetric geometry 有权
标题翻译：使用不对称几何的射线照相断层合成图像采集
公开(公告)号：US06885724B2
公开(公告)日：2005-04-26
申请号：US10646023
申请日：2003-08-22
申请人： Baojun Li , Abdulrahman Al-Khalidy , Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Stephen W. Metz , Bernhard Erich Hermann Claus , Vianney Pierre Battle
发明人： Baojun Li , Abdulrahman Al-Khalidy , Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Stephen W. Metz , Bernhard Erich Hermann Claus , Vianney Pierre Battle
IPC分类号： A61B6/00 , A61B6/02 , G01N23/04 , G01T1/29 , G01N23/00
CPC分类号： G01T1/2985 , A61B6/025 , A61B6/4464 , G01N23/044 , G01N2223/419 , G01N2223/612
摘要： Systems and methods that utilize asymmetric geometry to acquire radiographic tomosynthesis images are described. Embodiments comprise tomosynthesis systems and methods for creating a reconstructed image of an object from a plurality of two-dimensional x-ray projection images. These systems comprise: an x-ray detector; and an x-ray source capable of emitting x-rays directed at the x-ray detector; wherein the tomosynthesis system utilizes asymmetric image acquisition geometry, where θ1≠θ0, during image acquisition, wherein θ1 is a sweep angle on one side of a center line of the x-ray detector, and θ0 is a sweep angle on an opposite side of the center line of the x-ray detector, and wherein the total sweep angle, θasym, is θasym=θ1+θ0. Reconstruction algorithms may be utilized to produce reconstructed images of the object from the plurality of two-dimensional x-ray projection images.
摘要翻译：描述了利用不对称几何来获取放射照相断层合成图像的系统和方法。实施例包括用于从多个二维x射线投影图像创建对象的重建图像的层析合成系统和方法。这些系统包括：x射线检测器; 以及能够发射针对x射线检测器的x射线的x射线源; 其中所述断层合成系统在图像采集期间利用不对称图像采集几何形状，其中θ1是扫掠角在X射线检测器的中心线的一侧，θX是在x射线检测器的中心线的相对侧上的扫掠角，并且其中，总扫掠角度不对称的是不对称的是不对称的。可以利用重建算法从多个二维X射线投影图像中产生物体的重建图像。

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