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1. 发明授权

US06885724B2 Radiographic tomosynthesis image acquisition utilizing asymmetric geometry 有权
标题翻译：使用不对称几何的射线照相断层合成图像采集
公开(公告)号：US06885724B2
公开(公告)日：2005-04-26
申请号：US10646023
申请日：2003-08-22
申请人： Baojun Li , Abdulrahman Al-Khalidy , Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Stephen W. Metz , Bernhard Erich Hermann Claus , Vianney Pierre Battle
发明人： Baojun Li , Abdulrahman Al-Khalidy , Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Stephen W. Metz , Bernhard Erich Hermann Claus , Vianney Pierre Battle
IPC分类号： A61B6/00 , A61B6/02 , G01N23/04 , G01T1/29 , G01N23/00
CPC分类号： G01T1/2985 , A61B6/025 , A61B6/4464 , G01N23/044 , G01N2223/419 , G01N2223/612
摘要： Systems and methods that utilize asymmetric geometry to acquire radiographic tomosynthesis images are described. Embodiments comprise tomosynthesis systems and methods for creating a reconstructed image of an object from a plurality of two-dimensional x-ray projection images. These systems comprise: an x-ray detector; and an x-ray source capable of emitting x-rays directed at the x-ray detector; wherein the tomosynthesis system utilizes asymmetric image acquisition geometry, where θ1≠θ0, during image acquisition, wherein θ1 is a sweep angle on one side of a center line of the x-ray detector, and θ0 is a sweep angle on an opposite side of the center line of the x-ray detector, and wherein the total sweep angle, θasym, is θasym=θ1+θ0. Reconstruction algorithms may be utilized to produce reconstructed images of the object from the plurality of two-dimensional x-ray projection images.
摘要翻译：描述了利用不对称几何来获取放射照相断层合成图像的系统和方法。实施例包括用于从多个二维x射线投影图像创建对象的重建图像的层析合成系统和方法。这些系统包括：x射线检测器; 以及能够发射针对x射线检测器的x射线的x射线源; 其中所述断层合成系统在图像采集期间利用不对称图像采集几何形状，其中θ1是扫掠角在X射线检测器的中心线的一侧，θX是在x射线检测器的中心线的相对侧上的扫掠角，并且其中，总扫掠角度不对称的是不对称的是不对称的。可以利用重建算法从多个二维X射线投影图像中产生物体的重建图像。

2. 发明授权

US5355309A Cone beam spotlight imaging using multi-resolution area detector 失效
标题翻译：锥形聚光灯成像使用多分辨率区域检测器
公开(公告)号：US5355309A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-11
申请号：US998720
申请日：1992-12-30
申请人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Kwok C. Tam
发明人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Kwok C. Tam
IPC分类号： G01N23/04 , G06T11/00 , G06F15/00 , A61B6/00 , G01N23/00 , G21K1/12
CPC分类号： G06T11/005 , G01N23/046 , G01N2223/419 , G06T2211/421
摘要： A multi-resolution array detector includes a fine resolution zone having a higher density of detector elements than in a coarse resolution zone having a relatively lower density of detector elements. The array detector, usually an area detector, is used in computerized tomography (CT) imaging to provide a finer resolution image in one zone than in another zone. A method of processing data from the multi-resolution detector uses a non-uniform distribution of data in Radon space.
摘要翻译：多分辨率阵列检测器包括具有比具有相对较低密度的检测器元件的粗分辨率区域更高的检测器元件密度的精细分辨率区域。阵列检测器（通常是区域检测器）用于计算机断层摄影（CT）成像，以在一个区域中提供比在另一个区域更精细的分辨率图像。从多分辨率检测器处理数据的方法使用Radon空间中的数据的不均匀分布。

3. 发明授权

US5278884A Complete 3D CT data acquisition using practical scanning paths on the surface of a sphere 失效
标题翻译：使用球体表面上的实际扫描路径完成3D CT数据采集
公开(公告)号：US5278884A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-11
申请号：US992672
申请日：1992-12-18
申请人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Kristina H. V. Hedengren
发明人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Kristina H. V. Hedengren
IPC分类号： A61B6/03 , A61B6/00 , G06F15/42
CPC分类号： A61B6/4447 , A61B6/027 , A61B6/032 , Y10S378/901
摘要： Complete CT data acquisition is provided by scanning path trajectories located on a sphere or approximately located on a sphere. The scanning path trajectories are at least bounded between two relatively close spheres. The various scanning paths include sinusoids, square waves, circles, and arcs.
摘要翻译：通过扫描位于球体上或大致位于球体上的路径轨迹来提供完整的CT数据采集。扫描路径轨迹至少在两个相对接近的球体之间界定。各种扫描路径包括正弦波，方波，圆和弧。

4. 发明授权

US5187659A Cone beam scanning trajectories for three-dimensional computerized tomography data acquisition where object is larger than the field of view 失效
标题翻译：用于三维计算机图形数据采集的锥体扫描轨迹在目标比视场大的范围内
公开(公告)号：US5187659A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-16
申请号：US577163
申请日：1990-09-04
申请人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Kwok C. Tam
发明人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Kwok C. Tam
IPC分类号： A61B6/03
CPC分类号： A61B6/032 , A61B6/027 , A61B6/4085
摘要： A configuration for three-dimensional cone beam computerized tomography imaging which minimizes the incompleteness of the data set and, at the same time, avoids corrupted data and resulting artifacts when only a portion of an object is imaged, the object being of greater axial extent compared to a cylindrical field of view. At least two circular source scanning trajectories are defined centered on a rotation axis and lying respectively in two endplanes defining the axial extent of the field of view. At least one cone beam x-ray source and at least one corresponding two-dimensional array detector are employed to scan the object along the source scanning trajectories, while acquiring cone beam projection data only from rays passing through the field of view. Preferably, at least one additional circular source scanning trajectory is defined, centered on the rotation axis and lying in a plane intermediate the two endplanes.
摘要翻译：用于三维锥束计算机断层摄影成像的配置，其最小化数据集的不完整性，并且同时避免在仅对象的一部分成像时的数据损坏和产生的伪影，对象具有较大的轴向程度到圆柱形视野。至少两个圆形源扫描轨迹以旋转轴为中心定义，分别位于限定视场的轴向范围的两个端面中。采用至少一个锥形束x射线源和至少一个对应的二维阵列检测器来扫描沿着源扫描轨迹的物体，同时仅从通过视场的光线获取锥形束投影数据。优选地，至少一个附加的圆形源扫描轨迹被定义为以旋转轴线为中心并且位于两个端板中间的平面中。

5. 发明授权

US5068882A Dual parallel cone beam circular scanning trajectories for reduced data incompleteness in three-dimensional computerized tomography 失效
标题翻译：双平行锥束圆形扫描轨迹，用于减少三维计算机断层扫描中的数据不完整性
公开(公告)号：US5068882A
公开(公告)日：1991-11-26
申请号：US572590
申请日：1990-08-27
申请人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard
发明人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard
IPC分类号： A61B6/03 , G01T1/161 , G06T1/00
CPC分类号： A61B6/032 , A61B6/027 , A61B6/4085 , A61B6/5264
摘要： A configuration of three-dimensional cone beam computerized tomography imaging which minimizes the incompleteness of the data set acquired, while providing fast data acquisition to minimize motion artifacts. An object within a field of view is scanned, preferably simultaneously, along a pair of circular source scanning trajectories spaced a distance selected to minimize the amount of missing data. A procedure is disclosed for calculating the spacing distance between the scanning trajectories which minimizes the amount of missing data. In one embodiment, a pair of cone beam x-ray sources are employed and a corresponding pair of two-dimensional array detectors. In order to reduce interference caused by x-rays from one source interacting with the detector corresponding to the other source, the cone beam x-ray sources are angularly offset, for example by 90.degree..
摘要翻译：三维锥束计算机断层摄影成像的配置，其最小化所获取的数据集的不完备性，同时提供快速数据采集以最小化运动伪像。视场内的物体优选地同时沿着一对间隔一定距离的圆形源扫描轨迹进行扫描，所述距离被选择以最小化丢失数据量。公开了一种用于计算扫描轨迹之间的距离的方法，其使缺失数据量最小化。在一个实施例中，使用一对锥形束x射线源和相应的一对二维阵列检测器。为了减少来自与对应于另一个源的检测器相互作用的一个源的X射线引起的干扰，锥形束x射线源被角度偏移，例如90°。

6. 发明授权

US5073910A Square wave cone beam scanning trajectory for data completeness in three-dimensional computerized tomography 失效
标题翻译：方波锥束扫描轨迹，用于三维计算机断层扫描中的数据完整性
公开(公告)号：US5073910A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-17
申请号：US572651
申请日：1990-08-27
申请人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Kristina H. V. Hedengren
发明人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Kristina H. V. Hedengren
IPC分类号： A61B6/03 , G01N23/04 , G01T1/161 , G06T1/00 , G06T11/00
CPC分类号： G01N23/046 , G01N2223/419 , Y10S378/901
摘要： A configuration for three-dimensional cone beam computerized tomography imaging which allows a complete data set to be acquired in a practical manner, while providing fast data acquisition to minimize motion artifacts. An object within a field of view such that every plane passing through the field of view passes through the source scanning trajectory at least once.
摘要翻译：用于三维锥束计算机断层摄影成像的配置，其允许以实用的方式获取完整的数据集，同时提供快速数据采集以最小化运动伪像。在视野范围内的物体，使得穿过视场的每个平面通过源扫描轨迹至少一次。

7. 发明授权

US4942596A Adaptive enhancement of x-ray images 失效
标题翻译： x射线图像的自适应增强
公开(公告)号：US4942596A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-17
申请号：US238806
申请日：1988-08-31
申请人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Rudolph Koegl , John P. Keaveney
发明人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Rudolph Koegl , John P. Keaveney
IPC分类号： H05G1/46 , H05G1/60
CPC分类号： H05G1/46 , H05G1/60
摘要： The quality of x-ray images is significantly enhanced by adjusting the x-ray system operating parameters in real time during acquisition of x-ray data to take information about the part into account adaptively. X-ray energy, x-ray flux, and integration time can all by varied independently and in combination to improve the signal to noise ratio in the image. The x-ray data from a previous subsection of the image is processed to determine optimum system operating parameters for a next image subsection. x-ray tube voltage is adjusted to change x-ray energy and keep .alpha.L close to 2 over all image subsections. X-ray tube current is adjusted to change x-ray flux and data acquisition integration time is adjusted to keep the signal to noise ratio within limits.
摘要翻译：通过在采集x射线数据的过程中实时调整x射线系统的运行参数，自适应地考虑该部分的信息，可显着增强X射线图像的质量。 X射线能量，X射线通量和积分时间可以通过独立变化和组合变化，以提高图像中的信噪比。来自图像的先前子部分的x射线数据被处理以确定下一个图像子部分的最佳系统操作参数。调整x射线管电压以改变x射线能量，并使αL在所有图像子部分保持接近2。调整X射线管电流以改变x射线通量，并调整数据采集积分时间以保持信噪比的范围。

8. 发明授权

US4920491A Enhancement of image quality by utilization of a priori information 失效
标题翻译：通过利用先验信息增强图像质量
公开(公告)号：US4920491A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-24
申请号：US194235
申请日：1988-05-16
申请人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Kristina H. Hedengren
发明人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Kristina H. Hedengren
IPC分类号： A61B6/03 , A61B8/00 , G01N23/04 , G06T1/00 , G06T11/00 , G06T15/08
CPC分类号： G06T11/006 , G01N23/046 , G01N2223/419 , Y10S378/901
摘要： The quality of incomplete data Non-Destructive Evaluation and Computed Tomography images is improved by incorporating a priori information into the image reconstruction and image processing to supplement the available data. The a priori information is provided by electronic models of the part derived from a solid modeler, physics of the inspection process, and outputs of touch and other sensors. Methods of improving limited-angle X-ray CT images are given. Calculated projection data in the missing angular range is provided by calculating x-ray path lengths through a solid model of the part, and x-ray attenuation from known physical parameters of the part and source. The measured and calculated projection data are combined to reconstruct the CT image. In an iterative reconstruction approach, precise boundary information from a model and calculated attenuation are information to improve the limited angle image.
摘要翻译：不完整数据的质量通过将先验信息并入到图像重建和图像处理中以补充可用数据来改进非破坏性评估和计算机断层摄影图像。先验信息由源自实体建模器的部件的电子模型，检查过程的物理学以及触摸和其它传感器的输出提供。给出了改善有限角度X射线CT图像的方法。通过计算通过部件的实体模型的x射线路径长度和从部件和源的已知物理参数得到的x射线衰减来提供缺失角度范围内的计算投影数据。将测量和计算的投影数据组合以重建CT图像。在迭代重建方法中，来自模型和计算衰减的精确边界信息是改善有限角度图像的信息。

9. 发明授权

US07433507B2 Imaging chain for digital tomosynthesis on a flat panel detector 有权
标题翻译：用于平板检测器上数字断层合成的成像链
公开(公告)号：US07433507B2
公开(公告)日：2008-10-07
申请号：US10613591
申请日：2003-07-03
申请人： Kadri N. Jabri , Gopal B. Avinash , Stephen W. Metz , John M. Sabol , Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Bernard E. H. Claus , John P. Kaufhold
发明人： Kadri N. Jabri , Gopal B. Avinash , Stephen W. Metz , John M. Sabol , Jeffrey W. Eberhard , Bernard E. H. Claus , John P. Kaufhold
IPC分类号： G06K9/00 , G06K9/32 , G06K9/03
CPC分类号： G06T11/008 , G06T5/00 , G06T11/005 , G06T2207/10112 , G06T2207/30004 , G06T2211/436
摘要： A method of creating and displaying images resulting from digital tomosynthesis performed on a subject using a flat panel detector is disclosed. The method includes the step of acquiring a series of x-ray images of the subject, where each x-ray image is acquired at different angles relative to the subject. The method also includes the steps of applying a first set of corrective measures to the series of images, reconstructing the series of images into a series of slices through the subject, and applying a second set of corrective measures to the slices. The method further includes the step of displaying the images or slices according to at least one of a plurality of display options.
摘要翻译：公开了一种创建和显示使用平板检测器对受试者进行数字断层合成所产生和显示的图像的方法。该方法包括获取被摄物体的一系列X射线图像的步骤，其中以相对于被摄体的不同角度获取每个X射线图像。该方法还包括以下步骤：将第一组校正措施应用于一系列图像，将该系列图像重建成通过对象的一系列切片，以及将第二组校正措施应用于切片。该方法还包括根据多个显示选项中的至少一个显示图像或切片的步骤。

10. 发明授权

US4751391A High resolution X-ray collimator/detector system having reduced sensitivity to leakage radiation 失效
标题翻译：高分辨率X射线准直仪/检测器系统对泄漏辐射敏感性降低
公开(公告)号：US4751391A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-14
申请号：US944483
申请日：1986-12-19
申请人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , David W. Oliver
发明人： Jeffrey W. Eberhard , David W. Oliver
IPC分类号： G01T1/185 , G21K1/02 , H01J47/02
CPC分类号： G21K1/025 , G01T1/185 , H01J47/02
摘要： An ionization chamber X-ray detector which minimizes the effects of leakage X-rays in systems where a collimator is employed to define resolution. The active collection volume of each detector element is reduced to the actual volume occupied by the negative ion cloud resulting from an incident X-ray beam for optimum response to desired radiation while minimizing response to leakage radiation by a combination of reducing the width of the collector electrodes with wider spaces in between the collector electrodes, and providing metallized guard electrodes between the collector electrodes. The guard electrodes serve to collect electrons freed by ionization between the collector electrodes resulting from "noise" X-rays, preventing these particular electrons from building up a space charge, or from reaching the actual collector electrodes. In addition, electric field distortions are minimized, with a consequent avoidance of adverse effects on detector response characteristics.
摘要翻译：一种电离室X射线检测器，其使用准直仪来定义分辨率的系统中泄漏X射线的影响最小化。每个检测器元件的主动收集体积被减少到由入射的X射线束产生的负离子云所占据的实际体积，以对期望的辐射进行最佳响应，同时通过减少收集器的宽度的组合来最小化对泄漏辐射的响应在集电极之间具有较宽空间的电极，以及在集电极之间提供金属化的保护电极。保护电极用于收集由“噪声”X射线产生的集电极之间的离子释放的电子，防止这些特定的电子建立空间电荷，或者到达实际的集电极。此外，电场失真最小化，从而避免了对检测器响应特性的不利影响。

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