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1. 发明授权

US6031946A Moving mirror switch 失效
标题翻译：移动镜开关
公开(公告)号：US6031946A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-29
申请号：US61437
申请日：1998-04-16
申请人： Ernest Eisenhardt Bergmann , David John Bishop
发明人： Ernest Eisenhardt Bergmann , David John Bishop
IPC分类号： G02B6/26 , G02B6/35
CPC分类号： G02B6/3512 , G02B6/266 , G02B6/3514 , G02B6/352 , G02B6/3594
摘要： A moving mirror switch includes a focusing element adapted to focus an incoming light beam transmitted from an input optical port, a movable mirror, and an actuator. The actuator moves the mirror between first and second mirror positions corresponding to reflective and pass-through states, respectively. In the reflective state, the mirror at least partially reflects the focused beam back upon the input port. In the pass-through state, the focused beam is at least partially transmitted towards an optical output port of the switch. The first and second positions may correspond to complete reflective and complete transmission states, respectively. The mirror may further be positioned in intermediate positions to achieve partial transmission states (and/or partial reflective states), such that the mirror switch operates as a variable attenuator. Embodiments are presented in which the input and output ports are disposed on the same side of the switch, or on opposite sides of switch.
摘要翻译：移动镜开关包括聚焦元件，该聚焦元件适于聚焦从输入光学端口传输的入射光束，可动镜和致动器。致动器分别在对应于反射和穿透状态的第一和第二反射镜位置之间移动反射镜。在反射状态下，反射镜至少部分地将聚焦光束反射回输入端口。在通过状态下，聚焦光束至少部分地朝向开关的光输出端口传输。第一和第二位置可以分别对应于完整的反射和完全传输状态。反射镜可以进一步定位在中间位置以实现部分透射状态（和/或部分反射状态），使得反射镜开关作为可变衰减器工作。实施例中，输入和输出端口设置在开关的相同侧或开关的相对侧上。

2. 发明授权

US6163643A Micro-mechanical variable optical attenuator 有权
标题翻译：微机械可变光衰减器
公开(公告)号：US6163643A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-19
申请号：US133278
申请日：1998-08-12
申请人： Ernest Eisenhardt Bergmann , David John Bishop
发明人： Ernest Eisenhardt Bergmann , David John Bishop
IPC分类号： G02B6/26 , G02B6/35 , G02B26/02
CPC分类号： G02B26/02 , G02B6/266 , G02B6/353 , G02B6/357 , G02B6/3594
摘要： An electronically variable optical attenuator includes focusing optics that enable the use of a micro-mechanical actuation device with minute movement properties. The actuation device controls the position of a light blocking member relative to the path of a focused light beam to thereby control the attenuation of the light beam.
摘要翻译：电子可变光衰减器包括能够使用具有微小移动特性的微机械致动装置的聚焦光学器件。致动装置控制遮光构件相对于聚焦光束的路径的位置，从而控制光束的衰减。

3. 发明授权

US06278953B1 Automated alignment system 失效
标题翻译：自动对准系统
公开(公告)号：US06278953B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-21
申请号：US09175503
申请日：1998-10-20
申请人： Ernest Eisenhardt Bergmann
发明人： Ernest Eisenhardt Bergmann
IPC分类号： G06F1700
CPC分类号： G06Q10/04
摘要： An automated “tuning” system is disclosed that utilizes the known tuning curve (on an approximation thereof) to control the tuning process. In particular, the tuning curve is transformed (if necessary) into a quadratic with a local maximum, where the maximum is associated with the optimum tuning value. In one embodiment, the tuning system of the present invention may be used to provide alignment between optical components. The system may be organized to recognize “backlash” in the tuning process and perform additional tuning adjustments to overcome this backlash. Each tuning curve may be one-dimensional and a set of such curves used to provide for an N-dimensional tuning.
摘要翻译：公开了一种利用已知的调谐曲线（其近似）来控制调谐过程的自动“调谐”系统。特别地，将调谐曲线（如果需要）变换为具有局部最大值的二次方，其中最大值与最佳调谐值相关联。在一个实施例中，本发明的调谐系统可用于提供光学部件之间的对准。该系统可以被组织以识别调谐过程中的“间隙”，并执行附加的调谐调整以克服该间隙。每个调谐曲线可以是一维的，并且一组这样的曲线用于提供N维调谐。

4. 发明授权

US06175670B1 Planar lightguide circuit having a planar grating 失效
标题翻译：具有平面光栅的平面光导电路
公开(公告)号：US06175670B1
公开(公告)日：2001-01-16
申请号：US09046335
申请日：1998-03-23
申请人： Ernest Eisenhardt Bergmann
发明人： Ernest Eisenhardt Bergmann
IPC分类号： G02B6124
CPC分类号： G02B6/1228 , G02B6/12007 , G02B2006/12107 , G02B2006/12119
摘要： A planar lightguide circuit having a grating coupler to backward couple a elected wavelength from among a plurality of optical signals. A cascaded arrangement of such couplers provides multiplexing or demultiplexing. In its simplest form, a planar lightguide circuit has in close proximity on a substrate first and second planar lightguides having differing effective indices of refraction in a first region. Preferably, the lightguide having the higher effective index of refraction parallels in dose proximity in the first region the lightguide having the lower effective index of refraction, the latter propagating a plurality of multiplexed signals. Typically, this relationship of effective indices of refraction is provided by differences in widths of the lightguides rather than by differences in material composition or differences in layer thicknesses. Optionally, all inputs and outputs have appearances at a common edge of the substrate. Preferably, the lightguide having the higher effective index of refraction bends toward a second region of larger separation. In the second region, at least one of the lightguides tapers toward a nominal guide width. A first planar grating in coupling proximity to said first and second planar lightguides in the first region backward couples a first signal of a selected wavelength from one of said first and second lightguides to the other of said first and second lightguides. The coupling will work in either direction to provide either demultiplexing or multiplexing of optical signals of differing wavelengths. A multiplicity of lightguides like the second lightguide will provide dense demultiplexing or multiplexing of the differing wavelengths.
摘要翻译：一种具有光栅耦合器的平面光导电路，用于从多个光信号中反向耦合选定的波长。这种耦合器的级联布置提供复用或解复用。在其最简单的形式中，平面光导电路非常接近于在第一区域中具有不同有效折射率的第一和第二平面光导。优选地，具有较高有效折射率的光导在第一区域中以剂量接近度平行，具有较低有效折射率的光导，后者传播多个复用信号。通常，有效折射率的这种关系由光导的宽度差异而不是材料成分的不同或层厚度的差异提供。可选地，所有输入和输出都出现在基板的公共边缘。优选地，具有较高有效折射率的光导朝向较大分离的第二区域弯曲。在第二区域中，至少一个光导朝向标称引导宽度逐渐变细。耦合在第一区域中与所述第一和第二平面光导相邻的第一平面光栅将所选波长的第一信号从所述第一和第二光导中的一个耦合到所述第一和第二光导中的另一个。耦合将在任一方向上工作，以提供不同波长的光信号的解复用或多路复用。诸如第二光导的多个光导将提供不同波长的密集解复用或多路复用。

5. 发明授权

US6112000A Reflective array multiplexer with polarization compensation 有权
标题翻译：具有偏振补偿的反射阵列多路复用器
公开(公告)号：US6112000A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-29
申请号：US143921
申请日：1998-08-29
申请人： Ernest Eisenhardt Bergmann , Gustav Edward Derkits , Ralph Stephen Jameson
发明人： Ernest Eisenhardt Bergmann , Gustav Edward Derkits , Ralph Stephen Jameson
IPC分类号： G02B6/34 , G02B6/26
CPC分类号： G02B6/12011 , G02B6/12014 , G02B6/12023
摘要： An optical multiplexer is formed that overcomes the polarization dependence of conventional DWDM routers and is also significantly smaller than prior art routers. A reflective router is formed that utilizes one-half of a star coupler, with a reflective surface formed along the planar face of the coupler so as to form a "folded" arrangement. First and second waveguide arrays are coupled to opposing quadrants of the folded coupler, with the reflective surface providing the coupling therebetween. A quarter wave plate (or Faraday rotator) and reflective surface are disposed at the output of the second waveguide array and are used to provide a TE/TM mode conversion to the optical signals exiting the second array (thereby canceling out any polarization-dependent effects). The reflective surface beyond the quarter wave plate re-directs the optical signal back through the second waveguide array. The signal will then again reflect through the folded coupler and exit the multiplexer through the first waveguide array. The pair of reflective surfaces function to "fold" the router along two axes, thereby reducing the overall size of the router by 75% when compared with prior art arrangements.
摘要翻译：形成了克服常规DWDM路由器的偏振依赖性的光复用器，并且还显着小于现有技术的路由器。形成反射路由器，其使用星形耦合器的一半，沿着耦合器的平面形成反射表面，以形成“折叠”布置。第一和第二波导阵列耦合到折叠耦合器的相对象限，反射表面在它们之间提供耦合。四分之一波片（或法拉第旋转器）和反射表面设置在第二波导阵列的输出处，并用于向离开第二阵列的光信号提供TE / TM模式转换（从而消除任何偏振相关效应）。超过四分之一波片的反射表面将光学信号重新引导回第二波导阵列。然后信号将再次通过折叠耦合器反射并通过第一波导阵列离开多路复用器。一对反射表面用于沿两个轴线“折叠”路由器，从而与现有技术的布置相比，将路由器的整体尺寸减小了75％。

6. 发明授权

US5872878A Partial optical circulators 失效
标题翻译：部分光学循环器
公开(公告)号：US5872878A
公开(公告)日：1999-02-16
申请号：US847543
申请日：1997-04-10
申请人： Ernest Eisenhardt Bergmann
发明人： Ernest Eisenhardt Bergmann
IPC分类号： G02B5/30 , G02B6/26 , G02F1/09
CPC分类号： G02B6/2746 , G02B5/3083 , G02F1/093
摘要： A partial optical coupler of the present invention comprises first, second and third walk-off devices having a non-reciprocal polarization interchanger unit positioned between the first and second and the second and third walk-off devices. The first and third walk-off devices are matched in terms of the amount of walk-off and the direction of walk-off. A further embodiment includes a reflector which allows the light beam to pass through each walk-off device and each non-reciprocal polarization interchanger unit twice.
摘要翻译：本发明的部分光耦合器包括具有位于第一和第二与第二和第三离开装置之间的非互易极化交换器单元的第一，第二和第三离散装置。第一和第三个离开装置在脱离量和脱离方向方面是匹配的。另一个实施例包括允许光束穿过每个脱离装置和每个非互易极化交换器单元两次的反射器。

7. 发明授权

US06249626B1 Multimode fiber optical power monitoring tap for optical transmission systems 失效
标题翻译：用于光传输系统的多模光纤光功率监控分接头
公开(公告)号：US06249626B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-19
申请号：US09036652
申请日：1998-03-06
申请人： Ernest Eisenhardt Bergmann
发明人： Ernest Eisenhardt Bergmann
IPC分类号： G02B630
CPC分类号： G02B6/2817 , G02B6/2746 , G02B6/32 , G02B6/3834 , G02B6/3835 , G02B6/3885 , G02B6/4286
摘要： An optical power monitoring tap for use in an optical transmission system advantageously uses existing reflected signal(s) within the transmission system as the “tap” source for the monitor. In particular, one or more multimode fibers are disposed so as to capture reflected signals and directed the reflections into a optical power monitor, such as a PIN photodiode. One or more interfaces within the transmission system (such as a face of an included GRIN lens) provides the reflected signal. In one embodiment, a set of three multimode fibers may be used to capture reflected signals from both an included GRIN lens and isolator component.
摘要翻译：用于光传输系统的光功率监控分接器有利地使用传输系统内的现有反射信号作为监视器的“抽头”源。特别地，设置一个或多个多模光纤以便捕获反射信号并将反射引导到诸如PIN光电二极管的光功率监视器中。传输系统内的一个或多个接口（例如所包含的GRIN透镜的面）提供反射信号。在一个实施例中，可以使用一组三个多模光纤来捕获来自所包含的GRIN透镜和隔离器部件的反射信号。

8. 发明授权

US6128133A Optical beamsplitter 有权
标题翻译：光分束器
公开(公告)号：US6128133A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-03
申请号：US218562
申请日：1998-12-22
申请人： Ernest Eisenhardt Bergmann
发明人： Ernest Eisenhardt Bergmann
IPC分类号： G02B27/28 , G02B5/30 , F21V9/04
CPC分类号： G02B27/283 , H01S5/0683
摘要： The invention is a beamsplitter and an optical module including a beamsplitter where the beamsplitter comprising a body having two major surfaces. At least one major surface of the body is coated so that the said major surface reflects incident light of a desired wavelength which is primarily a first polarization. The other major surface reflects incident light of the desired wavelength which is primarily an orthogonal polarization without the element substantially changing the polarization of the light as it passes through the element.
摘要翻译：本发明是分束器和包括分束器的光学模块，其中分束器包括具有两个主表面的主体。主体的至少一个主表面被涂覆，使得所述主表面反射主要是第一偏振的所需波长的入射光。另一个主表面反射出所需波长的入射光，该入射光主要是正交极化，而元件在穿过元件时基本上改变了光的偏振。

9. 发明授权

US6125221A Three port optical filter 失效
标题翻译：三端口光滤波器
公开(公告)号：US6125221A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-26
申请号：US44505
申请日：1998-03-19
申请人： Ernest Eisenhardt Bergmann , Kevin Cyrus Robinson , Neal Henry Thorsten
发明人： Ernest Eisenhardt Bergmann , Kevin Cyrus Robinson , Neal Henry Thorsten
IPC分类号： G02B6/34 , G02B6/32
CPC分类号： G02B6/29364 , G02B6/2937 , G02B6/2938
摘要： A three port filter device is formed from a thin film filter element and a pair of lensing devices. A focusing lensing device is used, with a dual-fiber termination disposed at the object plane of the focusing lensing device. A collimating lensing device is disposed between the focusing lens image plane and the thin film filter element. The third optical port is coupled to the collimated signal passing through the filter element. The focusing lens may be moved along the optical axis to modify the spacing of the dual-fiber termination image appearing at the image plane. The change in spacing results in changing the angle of incidence of the optical signal propagating toward the thin film optical element. Since the pass wavelength of the thin film element is a function of the angle of incidence, the movement of the focusing lens may be used to "tune" the pass wavelength of the thin film optical device.
摘要翻译：三端口滤波器装置由薄膜滤波器元件和一对透镜装置形成。使用聚焦透镜装置，双重光纤终端设置在聚焦透镜装置的物平面处。准直透镜装置设置在聚焦透镜图像平面和薄膜滤光元件之间。第三光学端口耦合到通过滤光元件的准直信号。聚焦透镜可以沿着光轴移动以改变出现在图像平面处的双光纤终端图像的间隔。间隔的变化导致改变朝向薄膜光学元件传播的光信号的入射角。由于薄膜元件的通过波长是入射角的函数，聚焦透镜的移动可以用于“调谐”薄膜光学器件的通过波长。

10. 发明授权

US6014270A Cylindrical lenses for alignment of optical sources and destinations 有权
标题翻译：用于对准光源和目的地的圆柱透镜
公开(公告)号：US6014270A
公开(公告)日：2000-01-11
申请号：US197982
申请日：1998-11-23
申请人： Ernest Eisenhardt Bergmann , Sun-Yuan Huang
发明人： Ernest Eisenhardt Bergmann , Sun-Yuan Huang
IPC分类号： G02B13/00 , G02B3/06
CPC分类号： G02B13/0095
摘要： An apparatus is disclosed for aligning optical beams from a source to a destination. The apparatus comprises a first pair of cylindrical lenses comprised of a first cylindrical lens and a second cylindrical lens. The first and second cylindrical lenses are adapted to slide up and down or back and forth along first and second line segments. The first and second line segments can be parallel to each other. A second pair of cylindrical lenses is disclosed comprised of a third cylindrical lens and a fourth cylindrical lens. The third and fourth cylindrical lens are adapted to slide up and down or back and forth along a third and fourth line segments. The first, second, third, and fourth line segments can be parallel to each other. The first, second, third, and fourth cylindrical lenses can adapted to slide between an optical source and an optical destination. The first and second cylindrical lenses, and the third and fourth lenses respectively can be closely adjacent one another. The cylindrical lenses can be constructed in various manners including cutting out portions of original cylinders and providing index of refraction material variations. A first mirror and/or a second mirror can also be provided to provide a multiple pass through embodiment.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于将来自源到目的地的光束对准的装置。该装置包括由第一柱面透镜和第二柱面透镜组成的第一对柱面透镜。第一和第二柱面透镜适于沿着第一和第二线段上下滑动或前后滑动。第一和第二线段可以彼此平行。公开了第二对柱面透镜，其包括第三柱面透镜和第四柱面透镜。第三和第四柱面透镜适于沿着第三和第四线段上下滑动或前后滑动。第一，第二，第三和第四线段可以彼此平行。第一，第二，第三和第四柱面透镜可以适于在光源和光学目的地之间滑动。第一和第二柱面透镜以及第三和第四透镜分别可以彼此紧密相邻。圆柱形透镜可以以各种方式构造，包括切割原始圆柱体的部分并提供折射材料变化指数。还可以提供第一反射镜和/或第二反射镜以提供多次通过的实施例。

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