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1. 发明授权

US4460480A Protein hydrolyzate compositions for fire fighting containing perfluoroalkyl sulfide terminated oligomers 失效
标题翻译：用于消防的蛋白质水解物组合物，其含有全氟烷基硫化物封端的低聚物
公开(公告)号：US4460480A
公开(公告)日：1984-07-17
申请号：US129872
申请日：1980-03-13
申请人： Eduard K. Kleiner , Thomas W. Cooke , Robert A. Falk
发明人： Eduard K. Kleiner , Thomas W. Cooke , Robert A. Falk
IPC分类号： A62D1/02 , B01F17/00 , C08F2/38 , C11D1/00 , A62D1/00 , C07D211/70 , C07D211/82 , C07D213/56
CPC分类号： C11D1/004 , A62D1/0085 , B01F17/0057 , C08F2/38
摘要： The present invention relates to novel oligomers of the formula R.sub.f --E--S--M.sub.1 ].sub.x [M.sub.2 ].sub.y H, and mixutes thereof, wherein R.sub.f is a perfluoroalkyl group, E is a linkage group, --M.sub.1 -- represents a hydrophilic monomer unit, --M.sub.2 -- represents a hydrophobic monomer unit, x and y represent the number of monomer units present in the novel oligomers. The sum of x and y is between 4 and 500 and x/(x+y) is between 1 and 0.5. The novel oligomers are useful as additives in protein foam type fire fighting compositions improving foam expansion, foam drainage and extinguishing times and reducing flammability of hydrocarbon contaminated protein foams. The novel oligomers are further useful as surface tension depressants providing improved wetting, spreading and leveling properties in aqueous systems.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及式Rf-ES-M1] x [M2] yH的新型低聚物及其混合物，其中Rf为全氟烷基，E为连接基，-M1-表示亲水性单体单元， M2-表示疏水单体单元，x和y表示存在于新型低聚物中的单体单元的数目。 x和y之和在4和500之间，x /（x + y）在1和0.5之间。新型低聚物可用作蛋白质泡沫型消防组合物中的添加剂，其改善泡沫膨胀，泡沫排放和灭火时间并降低碳氢化合物污染的蛋白质泡沫的可燃性。新型低聚物还可用作表面张力抑制剂，其在水性体系中提供改善的润湿，铺展和流平性能。

2. 发明授权

US5310773A Perfluoroalkyl substituted hydroxyphenylalkanoic ester antioxidants and stabilized compositions 失效
标题翻译：全氟烷基取代羟基苯基链烷酸酯抗氧化剂和稳定组合物
公开(公告)号：US5310773A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-10
申请号：US893293
申请日：1992-06-04
申请人： Robert A. Falk , Eduard K. Kleiner
发明人： Robert A. Falk , Eduard K. Kleiner
IPC分类号： C07C69/84 , C07C69/94 , C07C233/18 , C07C235/20 , C07C271/16 , C07C311/04 , C07C317/18 , C07C323/12 , C07C323/40 , C07C323/67 , C08K5/00 , C08K5/136 , C08K5/375 , C08L101/00 , C09K15/20 , C09K15/28 , C10M131/10 , C10M135/10 , C10M135/24 , C10N30/10 , C07C69/88 , C07C235/48 , C07C311/24 , C08K5/13 , C08K5/20 , C08K5/43
CPC分类号： C08K5/375 , C07C323/12 , C08K5/136
摘要： Perfluoroalkyl substituted neopentyl alcohols can be reacted with substituted hydroxphenylalkanoic esters to form perfluoroalkyl containing hydroxyphenylalkanoic ester antioxidants. The perfluoroalkyl substituted hindered hydroxyphenyl alkanoates are stablizers which confer superior processing stability to polymers processed at elevated temperatures such as polypropylene, as well as protecting said polymers from thermal and oxidative degradation.
摘要翻译：全氟烷基取代的新戊醇可以与取代的羟基苯基链烷酸酯反应形成含羟基苯基链烷酸酯抗氧化剂的全氟烷基。全氟烷基取代的受阻羟基苯基链烷酸酯是稳定剂，其对于在高温下加工的聚合物（例如聚丙烯）具有优异的加工稳定性，以及保护所述聚合物免受热和氧化降解。

3. 发明授权

US4439329A Aqueous based fire fighting foam compositions containing hydrocarbyl sulfide terminated oligomer stabilizers 失效
标题翻译：含有烃基硫化物封端的低聚物稳定剂的水性消防泡沫组合物
公开(公告)号：US4439329A
公开(公告)日：1984-03-27
申请号：US335119
申请日：1981-12-28
申请人： Eduard K. Kleiner , Robert A. Falk
发明人： Eduard K. Kleiner , Robert A. Falk
IPC分类号： C09K21/10 , A62D1/00 , A62D1/02 , A62D1/04 , C09K21/14 , A62C1/12
CPC分类号： A62D1/0071
摘要： This invention relates to aqueous based fire fighting foams containing a stabilizing amount of an oligomer of the formulaR.sub.1 --E--S(O).sub.n [M.sub.1 ].sub.x [M.sub.2 ].sub.y [M.sub.3 ].sub.z Hwherein R.sub.1 is an oleophilic aryl, araliphatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic group having up to 25 carbon atoms; E is a direct bond, or an organic covalently bonded divalent linking group, n is 0, 1 or 2, [M.sub.1 ] is a hydrophilic acrylamido monomer unit, [M.sub.2 ] is a copolymerizable non-acrylamido hydrophilic monomer unit, [M.sub.3 ] is a copolymerizable hydrophobic monomer unit, the average of the sum of x, y and z is between about 3 and about 500, and x/x+y+z is between 1 and about 0.5. These stabilizing oligomer additives in aqueous based fire fighting foams improve foam expansion, foam drainage and fire extinguishing times.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及含有稳定量的式R1-ES（O）n [M1] x [M2] y [M3] zH的低聚物的水性消防泡沫，其中R1是亲油芳基，芳脂族，脂族或环脂族具有多达25个碳原子的基团; E是直接键合，或有机共价键合的二价连接基团，n为0,1或2，[M1]为亲水性丙烯酰氨基单体单元，[M2]为可共聚的非丙烯酰氨基亲水单体单元，[M3]为可共聚的疏水单体单元，x，y和z之和的平均值在约3至约500之间，x / x + y + z在1至约0.5之间。这些在水性消防泡沫中的稳定低聚物添加剂改善了泡沫膨胀，泡沫排放和灭火时间。

4. 发明授权

US3965148A Perfluoroalkyl alcohols 失效
标题翻译：全氟烷基醇
公开(公告)号：US3965148A
公开(公告)日：1976-06-22
申请号：US574496
申请日：1975-05-05
申请人： Eduard K. Kleiner , Robert A. Falk
发明人： Eduard K. Kleiner , Robert A. Falk
IPC分类号： C07C149/20
CPC分类号： C07C323/00 , C07C327/00
摘要： Perfluoroalkyl group containing alcohols are disclosed with utility as intermediates for the synthesis of oil and water repellent fluorochemicals. The alcohols are obtained by the addition of mercaptoalcohols to perfluoroalkyl group containing esters of fumaric, maleic, citraconic, mesaconic, itaconic, methylene malonic or aconitic acids.
摘要翻译：公开了含全氟烷基的醇作为合成防油和防水氟化合物的中间体。醇是通过向含全氟烷基的富马酸，马来酸，柠康酸，中康酸，衣康酸，亚甲基丙二酸或乌头酸的酯加成巯基醇得到的。

5. 发明授权

US06580281B2 Externally induced voltage alterations for integrated circuit analysis 有权
公开(公告)号：US06580281B2
公开(公告)日：2003-06-17
申请号：US09850842
申请日：2001-05-07
申请人： Robert A. Falk
发明人： Robert A. Falk
IPC分类号： G01R3126
CPC分类号： G01R31/3163 , G01R31/308
摘要： A method and circuit for integrated circuit analysis. The apparatus includes an irradiation component configured to irradiate an integrated circuit, a constant voltage source, one or more current chokes placed between the constant voltage source and one or more connections to the integrated circuit, and one or more voltage amplifiers. The irradiation component introduces changes in the electrical state of the integrated circuit. The one or more voltage amplifiers produces a state signal relating to the changes introduced by the irradiation component in the integrated circuit. The current choke separates the function, a DC function, of supplying a voltage bias to the integrated circuit from the function, an AC function, of signal generation. This allows separate optimization of the two functions—the ability to correctly bias the integrated circuit and obtain high signal-to-noise ratios for the resulting signal. This optimization improves the sensing abilities of the circuit.

6. 发明授权

US4898981A Heteroatom containing perfluoroalkyl terminated neopentyl glycols and compositions therefrom 失效
标题翻译：含全氟烷基封端的新戊二醇的杂原子及其组合物
公开(公告)号：US4898981A
公开(公告)日：1990-02-06
申请号：US209743
申请日：1988-06-20
申请人： Robert A. Falk , Kirtland P. Clark , Athanasios Karydas
发明人： Robert A. Falk , Kirtland P. Clark , Athanasios Karydas
IPC分类号： C09K3/18 , C07C43/13 , C07C215/18 , C07C303/40 , C07C311/04 , C07C311/09 , C07C313/12 , C07C315/04 , C07C317/18 , C07C319/20 , C07C323/12 , C07C323/25 , C07C323/41 , C07C323/49 , C07D305/06 , C08G18/32 , C08G18/38 , C08G18/46 , C08G18/50 , C08G18/66 , C08G63/682 , C08G65/18 , C08G65/22 , C08G71/04 , C09K3/00 , D06M15/576 , D06N3/14
CPC分类号： C08G18/3861 , C07C215/18 , C07C311/04 , C07C313/12 , C07C317/18 , C07C323/25 , C07C323/41 , C07C43/137 , C07D305/06 , C08G18/38 , C08G18/3812 , C08G18/387 , C08G18/4607 , C08G18/5015 , C08G63/6824 , C08G65/18 , C08G65/226 , C08G71/04 , D06M15/576 , D06N3/146 , D06M2200/11 , D06M2200/12
摘要： Heteroatom containing perfluoroalkyl terminated neopentyl glycols of the formula HO[--CH.sub.2 C(CH.sub.2 X--E--R.sub.f).sub.2 CH.sub.2 O].sub.1-3 --H prepared from halogenated neopentyl glycols and thiols of the formula R.sub.f --E--SH, or amines of the formula R.sub.f --E--NH--R wherein R.sub.f is a hydrophonic, olephobic fluoroaliphatic group of up to 20 carbon atoms, E is alkylene of up to 10 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by up to three groups including --NR, --O, --S--, --SO.sub.2 --, --O.sub.2 C, CONR, and --SO.sub.2 NR, and X is S,SO.sub.2 or NR.sub.2, where R is independently hydrogen, alkyl, or hydroxyalkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms are described.The polymeric reaction products of said fluorinated diols, and optionally other diols with isocyanates to prepare polyurethanes; with amines and isocyanates, to prepare polyureas/polyurethanes; with acids or derivatives, to prepare polyesters or polycarbonates are disclosed. These include polymeric, random or block urethane, and/or urea, and/or ester compositions containing the residue of at least one R.sub.f -neopentyl glycol containing two perfluoroalkylhetero groups.These polymeric compositions provide improved thermal stability and useful low surface energy coatings with oil, water repellency and soil-release properties for textiles, glass, paper, leather and other materials.

7. 发明授权

US4859015A Optical receiver having optical gain medium and mode selector 失效
标题翻译：具有光增益介质和模式选择器的光接收器
公开(公告)号：US4859015A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-22
申请号：US233334
申请日：1988-08-17
申请人： Jeffrey A. Krinsky , Robert A. Falk
发明人： Jeffrey A. Krinsky , Robert A. Falk
IPC分类号： G02B6/14 , H04B10/158
CPC分类号： G02B6/14 , H04B10/673
摘要： An optical receiver particularly suited for use in a noisy environment, the receiver includes an optical gain device for amplifying an input signal to produce an amplified input signal, a photodetector, and a mode selector. The optical gain device includes an optical gain medium, an optical input port through which the input signal may be received into the optical gain medium, and an optical output port through which an optical output signal may leave the optical gain medium. The output signal includes the amplified input signal, plus any noise generated within the optical gain device. The input and output ports include antireflection means. In a preferred embodiment, the mode selector comprises a single mode fiber-optic cable that transmits a single spatial mode of the output signal to the photodetector.
摘要翻译：一种特别适用于嘈杂环境的光接收机，该接收机包括用于放大输入信号以产生放大的输入信号的光增益装置，光电检测器和模式选择器。光增益装置包括光增益介质，可以将输入信号接收到光增益介质中的光输入端口以及光输出端口，光输出信号可以通过该输出端口离开光增益介质。输出信号包括放大的输入信号，加上在光学增益器件内产生的任何噪声。输入和输出端口包括防反射装置。在优选实施例中，模式选择器包括将输出信号的单个空间模式传输到光电检测器的单模光纤电缆。

8. 发明授权

US4611912A Method and apparatus for optically measuring distance and velocity 失效
标题翻译：用于光学测量距离和速度的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4611912A
公开(公告)日：1986-09-16
申请号：US481988
申请日：1983-04-04
申请人： Robert A. Falk , Gary L. Phillis
发明人： Robert A. Falk , Gary L. Phillis
IPC分类号： G01S17/32 , G01S17/58 , G01C3/08 , G01P3/36
CPC分类号： G01S17/325 , G01S17/58
摘要： An apparatus is provided for use in optically determining distance and velocity relating to an object. The apparatus includes an optical radiation source that emits a first optical radiation signal of a modulating amplitude. The amplitude modulation of the first optical radiation signal is swept over a predetermined frequency range in a predetermined time period. Common optical components are employed to direct the first optical radiation signal towards the object, and to receive a portion of the first optical radiation signal that reflects off of the object. A portion of the first optical radiation signal is internally reflected by one of the common optical components to obtain a second optical radiation signal. An optical heterodyne detector optically mixes the received first and second optical radiation signals to produce an electrical output signal. The frequency of the electrical output signal is measured, and the frequency measurements are used to determine first and second frequency components. The first frequency component and the aforementioned predetermined frequency sweep time period are used to determine the distance of the object relative to the apparatus, and the second frequency component, which represents a Doppler shift, is employed to determine the velocity of the object.
摘要翻译：提供一种用于光学地确定与物体相关的距离和速度的装置。该装置包括发射调制振幅的第一光辐射信号的光辐射源。第一光辐射信号的幅度调制在预定时间段内扫过预定频率范围。采用普通光学部件将第一光辐射信号引导到物体，并且接收反射离开物体的第一光辐射信号的一部分。第一光辐射信号的一部分由公共光学部件之一内部反射，以获得第二光辐射信号。光学外差检测器将所接收的第一和第二光辐射信号光学地混合以产生电输出信号。测量电输出信号的频率，使用频率测量来确定第一和第二频率分量。使用第一频率分量和上述预定频率扫描时间周期来确定对象相对于装置的距离，并且采用表示多普勒频移的第二频率分量来确定对象的速度。

9. 发明授权

US4485251A Process for the preparation of bis(perfluoroalkyl-alkylthio)alkanoic acids and lactone intermediates thereof 失效
标题翻译：制备双（全氟烷基 - 烷硫基）链烷酸及其内酯中间体的方法
公开(公告)号：US4485251A
公开(公告)日：1984-11-27
申请号：US452531
申请日：1982-12-23
申请人： Robert A. Falk
发明人： Robert A. Falk
IPC分类号： C09K3/18 , C07C67/00 , C07C313/00 , C07C319/14 , C07C323/52 , C07C323/56 , C07D307/32 , C07D307/33 , D21H17/09 , D21H17/11
CPC分类号： C07D307/33 , C07C319/14 , C07C323/52 , D21H17/09 , D21H17/11
摘要： Disclosed is a process for the preparation of a bis(perfluoroalkyl-alkylthio)alkanoic acid of the formula ##STR1## wherein each R.sub.f is independently perfluoroalkyl of 3 to 18 carbon atoms or perfluoroalkoxyperfluoroalkyl of 3 to 18 carbon atoms, or mixtures thereof;each A is independently alkylene of up to 6 carbon atoms or said alkylene interrupted by --O--; N(H)-- or --N(lower alkyl)--;R is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms;R.sub.1 is hydrogen or lower alkyl; andR.sub.2 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, aryl or aryl substituted lower alkyl;by reacting a perfluoroalkyl-alkyl mercaptan of the formulaR.sub.f --A--SH (II)with a lactone of the formula ##STR2## in the presence of a catalytic amount of a Lewis acid to form a perfluoroalkyl-alkylthio lactone of the formula ##STR3## and reacting said perfluoroalkyl-alkylthio lactone with additional perfluoroalkyl-alkylmercaptan of the formulaR.sub.f --A--SH (IIa)in the presence of a catalytic amount of a Lewis acid, to obtain said bis(perfluoroalkyl-alkylthio)alkanoic acid of formula (I).
摘要翻译：公开了制备式（I）的双（全氟烷基 - 烷硫基）链烷酸的方法，其中每个Rf独立地为3至18个碳原子的全氟烷基或3至18个碳原子的全氟烷氧基全氟烷基，或其混合物 ; 每个A独立地为至多6个碳原子的亚烷基或被-O-间隔的所述亚烷基; N（H） - 或-N（低级烷基） - ; R是氢或1至6个碳原子的烷基; R1是氢或低级烷基; R 2为氢，低级烷基，芳基或芳基取代的低级烷基; 通过使式Rf-A-SH（II）的全氟烷基 - 烷基硫醇与式（III）的内酯在催化量的路易斯酸的存在下反应，形成全氟烷基 - 烷硫基内酯（IV）化合物，并使所述全氟烷基 - 烷硫基内酯与式Rf-A-SH（IIa）的另外的全氟烷基 - 烷基硫醇在催化量的路易斯酸存在下反应，得到所述双（全氟烷基 - 烷硫基）式（I）的链烷酸。

10. 发明授权

US4419298A Ethanolamine salts of di-perfluoroalkyl group containing acids 失效
标题翻译：含全氟烷基的酸的乙醇胺盐
公开(公告)号：US4419298A
公开(公告)日：1983-12-06
申请号：US292326
申请日：1981-08-12
申请人： Robert A. Falk , Istvan Borsodi , Dieter Reinehr
发明人： Robert A. Falk , Istvan Borsodi , Dieter Reinehr
IPC分类号： C09K3/18 , B01J13/00 , C07C53/19 , C07C67/00 , C07C313/00 , C07C315/04 , C07C317/44 , C07C317/46 , C07C323/52 , C07C323/56 , D06M13/02 , D06M13/244 , D06M13/248 , D06M13/252 , D06M13/268 , D06M13/322 , D06M13/325 , D06M13/328 , D06M13/332 , D06M13/342 , D06M13/345 , D06M13/372 , D06M13/46 , D06M13/463 , D06M101/00 , D06M101/02 , D06M101/06 , D06M101/08 , D06M101/10 , D06M101/16 , D06M101/30 , D06M101/34 , D21H17/07 , D21H17/14 , D21H19/20 , C07C53/18
CPC分类号： D21H17/07 , C07C317/00 , C07C323/00
摘要： Ammonium and amine salts of acids having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.f is a perfluoroalkyl group; R.sub.1 is alkylene or substituted alkylene; X is --S--, --SO--, or --SO.sub.2 --; R.sub.2 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, --B--COOH or a --B--COO anion; B is a covalent bond, arylene or alkylene; Z is the ammonium or amine cation; p is the anionic charge, q is the cationic charge; and p.sub.1 and q.sub.1 are the balanced mole equivalents respectively, are provided. These salts applied in the form of aqueous dispersions or emulsions, are useful in rendering cellulosic and natural and synthetic polyamide materials oil and water repellent.
摘要翻译：具有式“IMAGE”的酸的铵盐和胺盐，其中Rf是全氟烷基; R1是亚烷基或取代的亚烷基; X是-S-，-SO-或-SO 2 - ; R2是氢，烷基，芳基，取代芳基，-B-COOH或-B-COO阴离子; B是共价键，亚芳基或亚烷基; Z是铵或胺阳离子; p是阴离子电荷，q是阳离子电荷; 和p1和q1分别为平衡摩尔当量。以水分散体或乳液的形式施用的这些盐可用于使纤维素和天然和合成的聚酰胺材料具有防油和防水性能。

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