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1. 发明授权

US06236310B1 Brake shoe assembly having a brake lining wear and temperature sensor 失效
标题翻译：具有制动衬片磨损和温度传感器的制动靴组件
公开(公告)号：US06236310B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-22
申请号：US09185322
申请日：1998-11-03
申请人： Dennis A. Kramer , Mark E. Malinowski
发明人： Dennis A. Kramer , Mark E. Malinowski
IPC分类号： B60Q100
CPC分类号： F16D66/00 , F16D66/021 , F16D66/024 , F16D2066/001
摘要： A brake shoe assembly includes a brake lining and a housing. The brake lining has a predetermined thickness which gradually wears away and increases in temperature during a vehicle braking application. The housing is positioned to wear away and increase in temperature concurrently with the brake lining. An electrical wear loop circuit is encapsulated in the housing for directing power from a power source to a remote indicator in response to a wear opening in the loop circuit. A thermally sensitive switching element is encapsulated in the housing and connected in electrical series with the wear loop circuit for directing power from the power source to the remote indicator in response to the temperature of the housing exceeding a predetermined temperature threshold. In a preferred embodiment, the switching element has a first resistance when the temperature of the housing is below the predetermined temperature threshold and a second resistance which approximates an open circuit when the temperature of the housing is above the predetermined temperature threshold. Thus, when the temperature of the housing is above the predetermined temperature threshold, the second resistance of the switching element directs power from the power source to the remote indicator.
摘要翻译：制动蹄组件包括制动衬片和壳体。制动衬片具有在车辆制动应用期间逐渐磨损并且温度升高的预定厚度。外壳定位成与制动衬片同时磨损并增加温度。电气磨损回路电路被封装在壳体中，以响应于回路电路中的磨损开口将功率从电源引导到远程指示器。热敏开关元件被封装在壳体中并且与磨损回路电路电连接，以响应于壳体的温度超过预定温度阈值将功率从电源引导到远程指示器。在优选实施例中，当壳体的温度低于预定温度阈值时，开关元件具有第一电阻，以及当壳体的温度高于预定温度阈值时接近开路的第二电阻。因此，当壳体的温度高于预定温度阈值时，开关元件的第二电阻将电力从电源引导到远程指示器。

2. 发明授权

US06260665B1 System and method for determining brake lining wear based on cooling wave propagation time 失效
标题翻译：基于冷却波传播时间确定制动衬片磨损的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06260665B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-17
申请号：US09216052
申请日：1998-12-18
申请人： Dennis A. Kramer , Mark E. Malinowski
发明人： Dennis A. Kramer , Mark E. Malinowski
IPC分类号： F16D6600
CPC分类号： F16D66/026 , F16D2066/006
摘要： A system for determining the amount of material in a brake lining includes a frictional brake surface and a brake lining having a sensor for producing an output signal indicating the temperature of the sensor. A brake actuation system actuates the brake lining against the frictional brake surface and, thereafter, releases the brake lining from the frictional brake surface. A timer measures a time period beginning when the brake lining is released from the frictional brake surface and ending when the sensor output signal reaches a return point indicative of the brake lining having cooled. A controller compares the measured time period to electronically stored predetermined values to determine the thickness of the brake lining. The invention further includes a method for determining the amount of brake lining material based upon this structure.
摘要翻译：用于确定制动衬片中的材料量的系统包括摩擦制动表面和具有用于产生指示传感器的温度的输出信号的传感器的制动衬片。制动器致动系统使摩擦制动器表面的制动衬片起动，然后从摩擦制动器表面释放制动衬片。定时器测量从摩擦制动表面释放制动衬片开始的时间段，并且当传感器输出信号到达指示制动衬片已经冷却的返回点时结束。控制器将测量的时间段与电储存的预定值进行比较以确定制动衬片的厚度。本发明还包括基于该结构确定制动衬片材料的量的方法。

3. 发明授权

US5486724A System for control of actuators and switches by a remotely located microcontroller using a two buss system 失效
标题翻译：用于通过使用两个总线系统的远程位置的微控制器来控制致动器和开关的系统
公开(公告)号：US5486724A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-23
申请号：US822186
申请日：1992-01-15
申请人： Pierre Periou , Xavier Bonnefond , Dennis A. Kramer , Mark E. Malinowski
发明人： Pierre Periou , Xavier Bonnefond , Dennis A. Kramer , Mark E. Malinowski
IPC分类号： B60R16/02 , B60R16/023 , B60R16/03 , G05D3/00
CPC分类号： B60R16/0315 , B60R2016/0322
摘要： A two buss system to accomplish; 1) communication from contact pairs located at vehicle access points such as a vehicle door or trunk to a central controller; and 2) transmitting current for energization of actuators to implement respective commands such as normal lock or super lock. The contact pairs function to provide entry ports for commands as well as providing status signals of various points of interest. The contact pairs are connected to individual output ports of a counter. Each contact pair is sequentially pulsed by a single pulse of a pulse train provided by the central controller. If a contact pair is engaged or closed when pulsed, the pulse will cause a coincident buss loading to occur. The central controller monitors buss loading and is appraised of the contact status by the coincidence (or lack thereof) of a pulse and a respectively loaded buss. Upon determination of the contact statuses, the central controller accesses a look-up table and then implements the respective commands by energizing one of several relays that define path for flow of current to respective actuators.
摘要翻译：一个两个总线系统来完成; 1）来自位于诸如车门或干线的车辆接入点处的接触对与中央控制器的通信; 并且2）传送用于致动器通电的电流，以实现诸如正常锁定或超级锁定的相应命令。触点对用于提供命令的输入端口以及提供各种兴趣点的状态信号。触点对连接到计数器的各个输出端口。每个触点对由中央控制器提供的脉冲串的单个脉冲顺序地脉冲。如果触点对在脉冲状态下接合或闭合，脉冲将导致发生重合的总线负载。中央控制器监视总线负载，并通过脉冲和分别加载的总线的巧合（或不足）来评估接触状态。在确定接触状态时，中央控制器访问查找表，然后通过为定义用于当前致动器的电流的路径的几个继电器之一通电来实现相应的命令。

4. 发明授权

US5404008A Control system for detecting intrusion of a light curtain 失效
标题翻译：用于检测光幕入侵的控制系统
公开(公告)号：US5404008A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-04
申请号：US92844
申请日：1993-07-16
申请人： Mark E. Malinowski , Dennis A. Kramer
发明人： Mark E. Malinowski , Dennis A. Kramer
IPC分类号： G01V8/20 , G01V9/04 , G06M7/00
CPC分类号： G01V8/20
摘要： A light curtain system having a series of light emitting diodes is arranged to produce a beam of light which is modulated at about 40 KHz. The light is broadcast across a physical space in which intrusion detection is desired and received by respectively arranged photo diodes. Each of the light emitting diodes is connected in parallel to a single modulated power supply. Each photo diode produces an electrical signal having a magnitude which is proportional to the amount of light incident thereon. The signal produced by each photo diode is sequentially sampled and then compared to a reference value. If an intrusion in the respective region of the light curtain has occurred, the magnitude of the sampled signal will be less than the reference value providing indicia of an intrusion. Upon such a detection, the light curtain system provides indicia of the intrusion such that consequential remedial action in response thereto may be performed.
摘要翻译：具有一系列发光二极管的光幕系统被布置成产生以约40KHz调制的光束。光线通过物理空间进行广播，在物理空间中，需要并通过分别布置的光电二极管接收入侵检测。每个发光二极管并联连接到单个调制电源。每个光电二极管产生具有与入射到其上的光量成比例的幅度的电信号。由每个光电二极管产生的信号被顺序采样，然后与参考值进行比较。如果在光幕的相应区域中发生入侵，则采样信号的幅度将小于提供入侵标记的参考值。在这样的检测时，光幕系统提供入侵的标记，从而可以执行相应的补救措施。

5. 发明授权

US4836616A Antilock brake system 失效
标题翻译：防抱死制动系统
公开(公告)号：US4836616A
公开(公告)日：1989-06-06
申请号：US216918
申请日：1988-07-07
申请人： Daniel W. Roper , Dennis A. Kramer , Mark E. Malinowski , John Dombrowski
发明人： Daniel W. Roper , Dennis A. Kramer , Mark E. Malinowski , John Dombrowski
IPC分类号： B60T8/173
CPC分类号： B60T8/173
摘要： A antilock brake system utilizes a microprocessor controller to monitor the rate of speed decay of a braked wheel of a vehicle and to cause release of braking force under incipient wheel lock-up conditions. The microprocessor receives a single digital wheel speed input signal and processes the latter in accordance with a program whereby a reference signal is generated and is periodically compared with the wheel speed signal to determine if a lock-up condition is in progress. The microprocessor compares the speed signal with the reference signal at frequent sampling intervals and when the wheel speed decreases at a rate exceeding a desired value, the reference signal is varied by the microprocessor to decrease at a predetermined first rate of decrement until the wheel speed signal and the reference signal correspond to each other, indicating that the wheel speed is dropping at a rate in excess of a desired rate of speed decay. The microprocessor adjusts the rate of decrement of the reference signal at a second maximum rate and generates a brake release signal to relieve the brake force applied to the wheel. When the wheel speed signal again crosses over the reference signal, the brake force is restored and the reference signal again tracks the wheel speed signal at a value less than the wheel speed signal. The microprocessor determines whether the weel is on a high or low friction surface and compensates for the latter by extending the brake release signal to provide additional time for the wheel to regain velocity. The microprocessor controller restricts the maximum time of brake release signal generation during each brake release cycle. The wheel speed sensing system and microprocessor controller are located remote from the braked wheel and in close proximity to each other to minimize the effects of shock, vibration and electrical interference. A failsafe circuit arrangement is also disclosed as part of the microprocessor controller.
摘要翻译：防抱死制动系统利用微处理器控制器来监视车辆的制动轮的速度衰减速率，并且在初始轮锁定条件下引起制动力释放。微处理器接收单个数字轮速输入信号，并根据程序处理后者，由此产生参考信号并且周期性地与车轮速度信号进行比较，以确定是否正在进行锁定状态。微处理器以频繁采样间隔将速度信号与参考信号进行比较，并且当车轮速度以超过期望值的速率降低时，参考信号被微处理器改变，以预定的第一降速率减小，直到车轮速度信号并且参考信号彼此对应，指示车轮速度以超过所需速度衰减速率的速率下降。微处理器以第二最大速率调整参考信号的减速率，并产生制动释放信号以减轻施加到车轮的制动力。当车轮速度信号再次超过参考信号时，制动力被恢复，并且参考信号再次以小于车轮速度信号的值跟踪车轮速度信号。微处理器确定是否在高摩擦表面或低摩擦表面上，并通过延长制动释放信号补偿后者，为轮子重新获得速度提供额外的时间。微处理器控制器限制在每个制动器释放循环期间产生制动器释放信号的最大时间。轮速检测系统和微处理器控制器位于远离制动轮并且彼此靠近的位置，以最小化冲击，振动和电气干扰的影响。还公开了故障安全电路装置作为微处理器控制器的一部分。

6. 发明授权

US06646432B1 Electronic odometer integrated into vehicle axle and wheel hub 有权
标题翻译：电子里程表集成到车轴和轮毂
公开(公告)号：US06646432B1
公开(公告)日：2003-11-11
申请号：US09185779
申请日：1998-11-04
申请人： Mark E. Malinowski
发明人： Mark E. Malinowski
IPC分类号： G01P344
CPC分类号： G01C22/02 , A63C17/26 , A63C2203/18 , G01D5/2515
摘要： An axle assembly includes an axle defining an axis, a wheel assembly rotatably supported on the axle for rotating relative to the axle axis, a magnet, a sensor responsive to the magnet for producing a count signal, and a microprocessor for receiving count signal data, calculating the distance the wheel assembly has traveled, and transmitting distance data to an output device. The sensor is mounted to rotate with the wheel assembly and the magnet is mounted to the axle, at a position eccentric to or radially offset from the axle axis. The sensor is mounted to the wheel assembly in radial alignment with the magnet such that rotation of the wheel assembly aligns the sensor for magnetic interaction with or responsiveness to the magnet once per revolution of the wheel assembly.
摘要翻译：轴组件包括限定轴的轴，可旋转地支撑在轴上以相对于轴轴线旋转的轮组件，磁体，响应于磁体产生计数信号的传感器，以及用于接收计数信号数据的微处理器，计算车轮组件行进的距离，并将距离数据传送到输出设备。传感器安装成与车轮组件一起旋转，并且磁体安装到轴上，偏心或偏离轴线的位置处。该传感器以与磁体径向对准的方式安装到车轮组件上，使得车轮组件的旋转使传感器与轮组件的每转一次磁体相互作用或响应于磁体。

7. 发明授权

US06230556B1 Axle assembly integrated with a tire inflation system and an electronic recorder 失效
标题翻译：与轮胎充气系统和电子记录器集成的车轮组件
公开(公告)号：US06230556B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-15
申请号：US09185793
申请日：1998-11-04
申请人： Mark E. Malinowski
发明人： Mark E. Malinowski
IPC分类号： B60C2302
CPC分类号： B60C23/0408 , B60C23/003
摘要： An axle assembly includes an axle, a tire having a predetermined air inflation pressure rotatably supported on the axle, and a tire inflation system for detecting an actual tire inflation pressure less than the predetermined air inflation pressure, replenishing the tire with air, and producing an inflation signal. An inventive electronic recorder receives the inflation signal, increments a count register, and transmits count register data to an output device. In a first embodiment of this invention, the electronic recorder is mounted at an easily accessible location on a vehicle which includes the axle assembly. In a second embodiment of this invention, the tire is mounted to a wheel assembly and the axle assembly further includes an electronic hub odometer for detecting a revolution of the wheel assembly and producing an odometer signal. In this second embodiment, the electronic recorder includes a first count register for receiving the inflation signal, incrementing the first count register, and transmitting first count register data to an output device and a second count register for receiving the odometer signal, incrementing the second count register, determining the distance the wheel assembly has traveled from the second count register, and transmitting distance data to the output device. Preferably, the electronic recorder is mounted to a hub cap of the wheel assembly.
摘要翻译：轴组件包括轴，具有可旋转地支撑在轴上的预定空气充气压力的轮胎，以及用于检测小于预定空气充气压力的实际轮胎充气压力的轮胎充气系统，用空气补充轮胎，通货膨胀信号。本发明的电子记录器接收充气信号，递增计数寄存器，并将计数寄存器数据发送到输出装置。在本发明的第一实施例中，电子记录器安装在包括车轴组件的车辆上的易于接近的位置。在本发明的第二实施例中，轮胎安装到车轮组件上，并且车轴组件还包括用于检测车轮组件的旋转并产生里程表信号的电子轮毂里程计。在该第二实施例中，电子记录器包括用于接收充气信号的第一计数寄存器，增加第一计数寄存器，以及将第一计数寄存器数据发送到输出装置和用于接收里程表信号的第二计数寄存器，增加第二计数确定车轮组件从第二计数寄存器行进的距离，以及将距离数据传送到输出设备。优选地，电子记录器被安装到车轮组件的轮毂盖上。

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