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1. 发明授权

US06935193B2 Device for measuring the angle and/or the angular velocity of a rotatable body and/or the torque acting upon said body 失效
标题翻译：用于测量旋转体的角度和/或角速度和/或作用在所述主体上的扭矩的装置
公开(公告)号：US06935193B2
公开(公告)日：2005-08-30
申请号：US10148666
申请日：2000-12-05
申请人： David Heisenberg , Thomas Klotzbuecher , Gunter Haas , Lutz Dorfmueller , Henrik Siegle , Axel Wenzler , Klaus Marx , Franz Jost , Ralf Noltemeyer , Martin Freitag
发明人： David Heisenberg , Thomas Klotzbuecher , Gunter Haas , Lutz Dorfmueller , Henrik Siegle , Axel Wenzler , Klaus Marx , Franz Jost , Ralf Noltemeyer , Martin Freitag
IPC分类号： B62D5/04 , B62D5/06 , B62D15/02 , G01B11/26 , G01D5/245 , G01D5/30 , G01L3/12 , G01L5/22 , G01M3/12 , G01P3/486 , G01P3/487 , G01L3/02
CPC分类号： B62D15/0215 , B60G2204/11 , B62D6/10 , G01D5/2451 , G01L3/12 , G01L5/221 , G01M3/12 , G01P3/486 , G01P3/487
摘要： A device for measuring an angle and/or the torque acting on a rotatable body is proposed according to the invention, whereby the rotational angle is detected by means of magnetic or optical sensors. In particular, in a preferred exemplary embodiment, two devices (7, 8) are proposed, each of which comprises two optically readable code tracks. The two code tracks (1a, 1b or 2a, 2b) on one device (7 or 8) are similar in design and are offset in relation to each other, so that associated sensors (4) output a digital signal. The rotational angle is calculated based on the lag between the two digital signals. In a further embodiment it is provided that a torsion element (5) having a known torsional stiffness is situated between the two devices (7, 8). Torque transferred by the rotatable body (3) can also be calculated therefore from the angular difference of the two devices 7, 8. The device is used preferably in the steering axle of a motor vehicle.
摘要翻译：根据本发明提出了一种用于测量角度和/或作用在可旋转体上的扭矩的装置，由此通过磁性或光学传感器来检测旋转角度。特别地，在优选示例性实施例中，提出了两个设备（7,8），每个设备包括两个光学可读代码轨道。一个设备（7或8）上的两个代码轨道（1a，1b或2a，2b）在设计上是相似的，并且相对于彼此偏移，使得相关联的传感器（4）输出数字信号。基于两个数字信号之间的滞后计算旋转角度。在另一实施例中，提供具有已知扭转刚度的扭转元件（5）位于两个装置（7,8）之间。因此，可以由两个装置7,8的角度差来计算由可旋转体（3）传递的扭矩。该装置优选地用于机动车辆的转向轴。

2. 发明授权

US06373247B1 Magnetoresistive sensor element with selective magnetization direction of the bias layer 失效
标题翻译：具有偏置层选择性磁化方向的磁阻传感器元件
公开(公告)号：US06373247B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-16
申请号：US09530699
申请日：2000-04-03
申请人： Klaus Marx , Hartmut Kittel , Franz Jost , Martin Freitag
发明人： Klaus Marx , Hartmut Kittel , Franz Jost , Martin Freitag
IPC分类号： G01B714
CPC分类号： G01D5/145 , B82Y25/00 , G01B7/30 , G01R33/093
摘要： A magnetoresistive sensor element, in particular an angle sensor element, has a first, magnetic layer (3) whose direction of magnetization represents a reference direction, a second, nonmagnetic layer (2) formed on the first layer (3), a third magnetic layer (1), formed on the second layer (2), whose direction of magnetization can be varied by an external magnetic field, and an additional layer consisting of a current conductor (5) for selective orientation of the direction of magnetization of the first layer (3). A current flow direction of an electric current that passes through the current conductor (5) can be switched to change the magnetization direction of the first magnetic layer (3) to create different reference directions. An insulation layer (4) for galvanic separation of the first magnetic layer (3) from the additional layer (5) is also provided between them.
摘要翻译：磁阻传感器元件，特别是角度传感器元件具有第一磁化层（3），其磁化方向表示参考方向，第二非磁性层（2）形成在第一层（3）上，第三磁体形成在第二层（2）上的层（1），其磁化方向可以通过外部磁场变化，以及由电流导体（5）组成的附加层，用于选择性地取向第一层（3）。可以切换通过电流导体（5）的电流的电流流动方向，以改变第一磁性层（3）的磁化方向，以产生不同的参考方向。在它们之间还设有用于将第一磁性层（3）与附加层（5）电隔离的绝缘层（4）。

3. 发明授权

US06339329B1 Method for manufacturing a giant resistive ratio (GMR) bridge detector and a magnetoresistive bridge detector 失效
标题翻译：用于制造巨型电阻比（GMR）桥式检测器和磁阻桥式检测器的方法
公开(公告)号：US06339329B1
公开(公告)日：2002-01-15
申请号：US09171074
申请日：1999-04-29
申请人： Christian Neumann , Klaus Marx , Franz Jost , Martin Freitag , Dietmar Senghaas
发明人： Christian Neumann , Klaus Marx , Franz Jost , Martin Freitag , Dietmar Senghaas
IPC分类号： G01R3309
CPC分类号： G01R33/09 , H01L43/12 , Y10T29/49034
摘要： A method for manufacturing a GMR bridge detector as well as the bridge detector itself in which magnetoresistive resistors are interconnected in the form of a bridge to detect a magnetic field. The resistors consist of a material that exhibits the giant magnetoresistive ratio (GMR) effect. The magnetoresistive sensitivity of the individual resistors is produced through annealing. The annealing of the resistors takes place through selective feeding of a current that is sufficient for reaching the temperature required for annealing into the bridge connections. Depending on the wiring of the bridge connections, the resistors are provided with the property necessary for the GMR effect either singly or in pairs. As the material for the resistors, in particular, a material of the class of discontinuous multilayer materials, particularly NiFe/Ag, is used in which the GMR property is produced through single annealing at a specific temperature.
摘要翻译：用于制造GMR桥式检测器的方法以及桥式检测器本身，其中磁阻电阻器以桥的形式互连以检测磁场。电阻由表现出巨磁阻比（GMR）效应的材料组成。各个电阻器的磁阻灵敏度通过退火产生。电阻器的退火通过选择性地馈送足以达到退火到桥连接所需的温度的电流而进行。根据桥接器的接线，电阻器可以单独或成对地提供GMR效应所需的特性。作为电阻器的材料，特别地，使用不连续的多层材料，特别是NiFe / Ag的材料，其中通过在特定温度下的单一退火来生产GMR性质。

4. 发明授权

US06534978B1 Electronic component 失效
标题翻译：电子元器件
公开(公告)号：US06534978B1
公开(公告)日：2003-03-18
申请号：US09530698
申请日：2000-05-03
申请人： Christoph Treutler , Franz Jost , Martin Freitag
发明人： Christoph Treutler , Franz Jost , Martin Freitag
IPC分类号： G01R3302
CPC分类号： H01L27/222 , B82Y25/00 , G01R33/093 , G11C11/15 , G11C11/16
摘要： An electronic element, in particular a chip element, with at least one first magnetoresistive element that is disposed on a substrate and fulfills a sensor function and with at least one second magnetoresistive element that is disposed on the substrate and fulfills a memory function.
摘要翻译：一种电子元件，特别是芯片元件，具有至少一个第一磁阻元件，其被设置在基板上并实现传感器功能，并且至少一个第二磁阻元件设置在基板上并实现记忆功能。

5. 发明授权

US06744662B2 Magnetoresistive memory (MRAM) 失效
标题翻译：磁阻记忆体（MRAM）
公开(公告)号：US06744662B2
公开(公告)日：2004-06-01
申请号：US10436428
申请日：2003-05-12
申请人： Martin Freitag , Dietmar Gogl , Heinz Hoenigschmid , Stefan Lammers
发明人： Martin Freitag , Dietmar Gogl , Heinz Hoenigschmid , Stefan Lammers
IPC分类号： G11C1100
CPC分类号： H01L27/222 , B82Y10/00 , G11C11/16
摘要： The form of leads of a cell array of a multiplicity of magnetic memory cells is optimized by deviating from a square cross section of the leads in such a way that the magnetic field component of the write currents lying in the cell array plane decreases sufficiently rapidly with increasing distance from the crossover point. The cell array is constructed from a matrix of the column leads and the row leads.
摘要翻译：多个磁存储器单元的单元阵列的引线的形式通过偏离引线的正方形横截面而被优化，使得位于单元阵列平面中的写入电流的磁场分量充分快速地减小，增加距离交叉点的距离。单元阵列由列引线和行引线的矩阵构成。

6. 发明授权

US5711154A Supercharged multicylinder internal combustion engine with exhaust recycling 失效
标题翻译：增压多缸内燃机，排气回收
公开(公告)号：US5711154A
公开(公告)日：1998-01-27
申请号：US593676
申请日：1996-01-29
申请人： Bernhard Baechle , Dieter Schoenfeld , Martin Freitag
发明人： Bernhard Baechle , Dieter Schoenfeld , Martin Freitag
IPC分类号： F01L13/00 , F01M1/12 , F02B29/04 , F02B29/08 , F02B37/00 , F02M26/01 , F02M26/36 , F02M26/43 , F02M26/50 , F02M25/07
CPC分类号： F02B29/0406 , F01L13/00 , F01M1/12 , F02B29/0468 , F02B29/08 , F02M26/01 , F02M26/36 , F02M26/43 , F02M26/50 , F02B37/00 , F02M26/07 , Y02T10/146
摘要： A supercharged multi-cylinder internal combustion engine is provided having exhaust recycling with air supply and exhaust outlet devices, variably controllable air intake and exhaust outlet valves, a first lubricating oil circuit, and an exhaust processing cylinder having a driven piston and a variable control for air intake and exhaust outlet valves on the exhaust processing cylinder. The air intake and exhaust outlet valves on the exhaust processing cylinder are each partially opened during a downward stroke of the driven piston of the exhaust processing cylinder by a control unit. A second lubricating oil circuit is provided for the exhaust processing cylinder.
摘要翻译：提供了一种增压多缸内燃机，其具有排气回收利用空气供排排气装置，可变的可控进气和排气出口阀，第一润滑油回路和排气处理缸，其具有驱动活塞和可变控制装置排气加工缸上的进气和排气出气阀。在排气处理筒的从动活塞的向下冲程期间，排气处理筒上的进气排气出口阀均通过控制单元部分地打开。为排气处理筒提供第二润滑油回路。

7. 发明授权

US07408803B2 Method for writing to magnetoresistive memory cells and magnetoresistive memory which can be written to by the method 失效
标题翻译：用于写入可通过该方法写入的磁阻存储器单元和磁阻存储器的方法
公开(公告)号：US07408803B2
公开(公告)日：2008-08-05
申请号：US10642856
申请日：2003-08-18
申请人： Martin Freitag , Stefan Miethaner , Wolfgang Raberg
发明人： Martin Freitag , Stefan Miethaner , Wolfgang Raberg
IPC分类号： G11C11/00
CPC分类号： G11C11/1675
摘要： A method for writing to the magnetoresistive memory cells of a MRAM memory, includes applying write currents respectively onto a word line and a bit line. A superposition of the magnetic fields generated by the write currents in each memory cell selected by the corresponding word lines and bits lines alter a direction of the magnetization thereof. According to the method, the write currents are applied in a chronologically offset manner, to the corresponding word line and the bit line whereby the direction of magnetization of the selected memory cell is rotated in several consecutive steps in the desired direction for writing a logical “0” or “1”.
摘要翻译：一种用于写入MRAM存储器的磁阻存储单元的方法，包括分别将写入电流施加到字线和位线上。由相应的字线和位线选择的每个存储单元中的写入电流产生的磁场的叠加改变了其磁化方向。根据该方法，以时间顺序偏移的方式将写入电流施加到对应的字线和位线，由此所选择的存储器单元的磁化方向在所需方向上以几个连续的步骤旋转，以写入逻辑“ 0“或”1“。

8. 发明申请

US20060171196A1 Method for writing to magnetoresistive memory cells and magnetoresistive memory which can be written to by the method 失效
标题翻译：用于写入可通过该方法写入的磁阻存储器单元和磁阻存储器的方法
公开(公告)号：US20060171196A1
公开(公告)日：2006-08-03
申请号：US10642856
申请日：2003-08-18
申请人： Martin Freitag , Stefan Miethaner , Wolfgang Raberg
发明人： Martin Freitag , Stefan Miethaner , Wolfgang Raberg
IPC分类号： G11C11/00
CPC分类号： G11C11/1675
摘要： A method for writing to the magnetoresistive memory cells of a MRAM memory, includes applying write currents respectively onto a word line and a bit line. A superposition of the magnetic fields generated by the write currents in each memory cell selected by the corresponding word lines and bits lines alter a direction of the magnetization thereof. According to the method, the write currents are applied in a chronologically offset manner, to the corresponding word line and the bit line whereby the direction of magnetization of the selected memory cell is rotated in several consecutive steps in the desired direction for writing a logical “0” or “1”.
摘要翻译：一种用于写入MRAM存储器的磁阻存储单元的方法，包括分别将写入电流施加到字线和位线上。由相应的字线和位线选择的每个存储单元中的写入电流产生的磁场的叠加改变了其磁化方向。根据该方法，以时间顺序偏移的方式将写入电流施加到对应的字线和位线，由此所选择的存储器单元的磁化方向在所需方向上以几个连续的步骤旋转，以写入逻辑“ 0“或”1“。

9. 发明授权

US06791871B2 MRAM configuration 失效
标题翻译： MRAM配置
公开(公告)号：US06791871B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-14
申请号：US10627904
申请日：2003-07-25
申请人： Martin Freitag , Thomas Roehr
发明人： Martin Freitag , Thomas Roehr
IPC分类号： G11C1100
CPC分类号： H01L27/228 , G11C11/16
摘要： An MRAM configuration has selection transistors and MTJ layer sequences lying in parallel with each other in a memory cell matrix. A considerable space saving can thus be achieved and therefore the MRAM configuration is less expensive to manufacture and has a greater packing density. In addition, the MRAM configuration allows a rapid read access with a minimal area requirement.
摘要翻译： MRAM配置具有在存储单元矩阵中彼此平行的选择晶体管和MTJ层序列。因此可以实现相当多的空间节省，因此MRAM配置制造成本较低并且具有更大的包装密度。此外，MRAM配置允许以最小面积要求进行快速读取访问。

10. 发明授权

US06545900B2 MRAM module configuration 有权
公开(公告)号：US06545900B2
公开(公告)日：2003-04-08
申请号：US09951242
申请日：2001-09-12
申请人： Thomas Böhm , Dietmar Gogl , Martin Freitag , Stefan Lammers
发明人： Thomas Böhm , Dietmar Gogl , Martin Freitag , Stefan Lammers
IPC分类号： G11C1702
CPC分类号： G11C11/16 , G11C5/025 , H01L27/222
摘要： An MRAM module configuration in which, in order to increase the packing density, memory cell zones containing memory arrays and peripheral circuits are nested in one another. In this manner, an increased packing density of the memory cell is achieved which results in lowered production costs and a smaller chip space for a more compact configuration.

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