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1. 发明授权

US06358643B1 Liquid electrolyte lithium-sulfur batteries 有权
标题翻译：液体电解液锂硫电池
公开(公告)号：US06358643B1
公开(公告)日：2002-03-19
申请号：US09495639
申请日：2000-02-01
申请人： Bruce D. Katz , May-Ying Chu , Lutgard C. DeJonghe , Steven J. Visco
发明人： Bruce D. Katz , May-Ying Chu , Lutgard C. DeJonghe , Steven J. Visco
IPC分类号： H01M1036
CPC分类号： H01M6/166 , C07C227/32 , H01M2/1673 , H01M4/02 , H01M4/04 , H01M4/0402 , H01M4/0404 , H01M4/0409 , H01M4/0414 , H01M4/0416 , H01M4/0419 , H01M4/0433 , H01M4/13 , H01M4/38 , H01M4/382 , H01M4/581 , H01M4/5815 , H01M4/60 , H01M4/621 , H01M4/624 , H01M4/625 , H01M4/626 , H01M6/162 , H01M6/164 , H01M6/168 , H01M6/18 , H01M6/181 , H01M6/188 , H01M6/40 , H01M10/05 , H01M10/052 , H01M10/054 , H01M10/0565 , H01M10/0568 , H01M10/0569 , H01M10/36 , H01M10/39 , H01M10/3909 , H01M10/44 , H01M2004/028 , H01M2300/0037 , H01M2300/0065 , H01M2300/0085
摘要： A high performance lithium-sulfur battery cell includes the following features: (a) a negative electrode including a metal or an ion of the metal; (b) a positive electrode comprising an electronically conductive material; and (c) a liquid catholyte including a solvent and dissolve electrochemically active material comprising sulfur in the form of at least one of a sulfide of the metal and a polysulfide of the metal. Such battery cells are characterized by an energy density, calculated based upon a laminate weight, of at least about 400 Watt-hours/kilogram when discharged at a rate of at least 0.1 mA/cm2. Cells meeting these criteria often find use as primary cells.
摘要翻译：高性能锂硫电池具有以下特征：（a）包含金属或金属离子的负极; （b）包含电子导电材料的正电极; 和（c）包含溶剂的液体阴极电解液，并溶解电化学活性材料，该材料包含金属硫化物和金属多硫化物中的至少一种形式的硫。这样的电池单元的特征在于当以至少0.1mA / cm 2的速率排出时，基于叠层重量计算的能量密度为至少约400瓦特/千克。符合这些标准的细胞通常被用作主要细胞。

2. 发明授权

US06737197B2 Encapsulated lithium alloy electrodes having barrier layers 有权
标题翻译：具有阻挡层的封装的锂合金电极
公开(公告)号：US06737197B2
公开(公告)日：2004-05-18
申请号：US09999673
申请日：2001-10-30
申请人： May-Ying Chu , Steven J. Visco , Lutgard C. DeJonghe
发明人： May-Ying Chu , Steven J. Visco , Lutgard C. DeJonghe
IPC分类号： H01M404
CPC分类号： H01M4/0426 , H01M4/04 , H01M4/0402 , H01M4/0404 , H01M4/0407 , H01M4/0411 , H01M4/0421 , H01M4/043 , H01M4/0495 , H01M4/13 , H01M4/66 , H01M6/40 , H01M10/05 , Y10T29/10 , Y10T29/49108
摘要： A method employing a bonding layer is used to form active metal electrodes having barrier layers. Active metals such as lithium are highly reactive in ambient conditions. The method involves fabricating a lithium electrode or other active metal electrode without depositing the barrier layer on a layer of metal. Rather a smooth barrier layer is formed on a smooth substrate such as a web carrier or polymeric electrolyte. A bonding or alloying layer is formed on top of the barrier layer. Lithium or other active material is then attached to the bonding layer to form the active metal electrode. A current collector may also be attached to the lithium or active metal during the process.
摘要翻译：使用接合层的方法来形成具有阻挡层的活性金属电极。活性金属如锂在环境条件下具有高反应性。该方法包括制造锂电极或其它活性金属电极，而不会在金属层上沉积阻挡层。相反，在平滑的基底如网状载体或聚合物电解质上形成平滑的阻挡层。在阻挡层的顶部形成结合层或合金层。然后将锂或其它活性材料附着到结合层以形成活性金属电极。在该过程中，集电器还可附接到锂或活性金属。

3. 发明授权

US06413285B1 Layered arrangements of lithium electrodes 有权
标题翻译：分层布置锂电极
公开(公告)号：US06413285B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-02
申请号：US09640467
申请日：2000-08-16
申请人： May-Ying Chu , Steven J. Visco , Lutgard C. DeJonghe
发明人： May-Ying Chu , Steven J. Visco , Lutgard C. DeJonghe
IPC分类号： H01M404
CPC分类号： H01M4/0428 , H01M4/04 , H01M4/0402 , H01M4/0404 , H01M4/0407 , H01M4/0411 , H01M4/0421 , H01M4/0426 , H01M4/043 , H01M4/0495 , H01M4/13 , H01M4/66 , H01M6/40 , H01M10/05 , Y10T29/49108 , Y10T29/49114
摘要： A method employing a bonding layer is used to form active metal electrodes having barrier layers. Active metals such as lithium are highly reactive in ambient conditions. The method involves fabricating a lithium electrode or other active metal electrode without depositing the barrier layer on a layer of metal. Rather a smooth barrier layer is formed on a smooth substrate such as a web carrier or polymeric electrolyte. A bonding or alloying layer is formed on top of the barrier layer. Lithium or other active material is then attached to the bonding layer to form the active metal electrode. A current collector may also be attached to the lithium or active metal during the process.
摘要翻译：使用接合层的方法来形成具有阻挡层的活性金属电极。活性金属如锂在环境条件下具有高反应性。该方法包括制造锂电极或其它活性金属电极，而不会在金属层上沉积阻挡层。相反，在平滑的基底如网状载体或聚合物电解质上形成平滑的阻挡层。在阻挡层的顶部形成结合层或合金层。然后将锂或其它活性材料附着到结合层以形成活性金属电极。在该过程中，集电器还可附接到锂或活性金属。

4. 发明授权

US06413284B1 Encapsulated lithium alloy electrodes having barrier layers 有权
公开(公告)号：US06413284B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-02
申请号：US09431190
申请日：1999-11-01
申请人： May-Ying Chu , Steven J. Visco , Lutgard C. DeJonghe
发明人： May-Ying Chu , Steven J. Visco , Lutgard C. DeJonghe
IPC分类号： H01M404
CPC分类号： H01M4/0426 , H01M4/04 , H01M4/0402 , H01M4/0404 , H01M4/0407 , H01M4/0411 , H01M4/0421 , H01M4/043 , H01M4/0495 , H01M4/13 , H01M4/66 , H01M6/40 , H01M10/05 , Y10T29/10 , Y10T29/49108
摘要： A method employing a bonding layer is used to form active metal electrodes having barrier layers. Active metals such as lithium are highly reactive in ambient conditions. The method involves fabricating a lithium electrode or other active metal electrode without depositing the barrier layer on a layer of metal. Rather a smooth barrier layer is formed on a smooth substrate such as a web carrier or polymeric electrolyte. A bonding or alloying layer is formed on top of the barrier layer. Lithium or other active material is then attached to the bonding layer to form the active metal electrode. A current collector may also be attached to the lithium or active metal during the process.

5. 发明授权

US07118777B2 Structures and fabrication techniques for solid state electrochemical devices 失效
标题翻译：固态电化学装置的结构和制造技术
公开(公告)号：US07118777B2
公开(公告)日：2006-10-10
申请号：US11260009
申请日：2005-10-26
申请人： Steven J. Visco , Craig P. Jacobson , Lutgard C. DeJonghe
发明人： Steven J. Visco , Craig P. Jacobson , Lutgard C. DeJonghe
IPC分类号： B05D5/12
CPC分类号： H01M4/8885 , B01D53/326 , B01D2257/108 , C25B9/00 , H01M4/9025 , H01M4/9033 , H01M4/905 , H01M4/9066 , H01M8/004 , H01M8/1213 , H01M8/1226 , H01M8/1231 , H01M8/1246 , H01M8/1253 , H01M8/126 , H01M8/1266 , H01M8/2425 , H01M8/243 , H01M8/2483 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2300/0074 , Y02E60/525 , Y02P70/56 , Y10T29/49115
摘要： Low-cost, mechanically strong, highly electronically conductive porous substrates and associated structures for solid-state electrochemical devices, techniques for forming these structures, and devices incorporating the structures provide solid state electrochemical device substrates of novel composition and techniques for forming thin electrode/membrane/electrolyte coatings on the novel or more conventional substrates. In particular, in one aspect the invention provides techniques for co-firing of device substrate (often an electrode) with an electrolyte or membrane layer to form densified electrolyte/membrane films 5 to 20 microns thick. In another aspect, densified electrolyte/membrane films 5 to 20 microns thick may be formed on a pre-sintered substrate by a constrained sintering process. In some cases, the substrate may be a porous metal, alloy, or non-nickel cermet incorporating one or more of the transition metals Cr, Fe and Cu, or alloys thereof.
摘要翻译：用于固态电化学装置的低成本，机械强度高的高电子导电多孔基材和相关结构，用于形成这些结构的技术以及结合该结构的装置提供用于形成薄电极/膜的新型组成和技术的固态电化学装置基板 /新颖或更传统的基底上的电解质涂层。特别地，在一个方面，本发明提供了用于与电解质或膜层共同烧制器件基底（通常为电极）以形成5至20微米厚的致密化电解质/膜的技术。在另一方面，通过约束烧结工艺可以在预烧结衬底上形成5至20微米厚的致密化电解质/膜膜。在一些情况下，基底可以是包含一种或多种过渡金属Cr，Fe和Cu的多孔金属，合金或非镍金属陶瓷或其合金。

6. 发明授权

US06887361B1 Method for making thin-film ceramic membrane on non-shrinking continuous or porous substrates by electrophoretic deposition 有权
标题翻译：通过电泳沉积在非收缩连续或多孔基材上制备薄膜陶瓷膜的方法
公开(公告)号：US06887361B1
公开(公告)日：2005-05-03
申请号：US10061127
申请日：2002-01-30
申请人： Steven J. Visco , Craig Jacobson , Lutgard C. DeJonghe
发明人： Steven J. Visco , Craig Jacobson , Lutgard C. DeJonghe
IPC分类号： B01D67/00 , B01D69/10 , B01D71/02 , C04B41/50 , C04B41/87 , C25D13/02 , H01M4/88 , H01M8/12
CPC分类号： C04B41/87 , B01D67/0069 , B01D69/10 , B01D71/024 , B01D2323/08 , B01D2325/26 , C04B41/009 , C04B41/5042 , C04B2111/00853 , C25D13/02 , H01M4/8885 , H01M4/9033 , H01M8/1213 , H01M8/1226 , H01M8/1253 , H01M2008/1293 , Y02E60/525 , Y02P70/56 , C04B41/4564 , C04B41/4578 , C04B35/016
摘要： A disclosed method provides techniques for forming low-cost, mechanically strong, highly electronically conductive porous structures for solid-state electrochemical devices. In particular, a method of forming a ceramic film on a substrate using electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is described. The method employs a colloidal dispersion of particles during the EPD process where a distribution of particle sizes is selected to eliminate drying cracks in the ceramic film prior to firing of the ceramic film-coated substrate. The method may be used to provide a high-density green film which can be sintered on to a non-shrinking substrate. For instance, a thin film of YSZ with a high green density may be sintered on to a non-shrinking LSM substrate. In particular embodiments, the distribution of particle sizes used in the EPD process may be selected to reduce a firing temperature and a firing time during sintering of the film coated substrate.
摘要翻译：所公开的方法提供了用于形成用于固态电化学装置的低成本，机械强度高的高电子导电多孔结构的技术。特别地，描述了使用电泳沉积（EPD）在基板上形成陶瓷膜的方法。该方法在EPD工艺中使用颗粒的胶态分散体，其中选择粒径分布以消除陶瓷膜涂覆的基材烧制之前的陶瓷膜中的干燥裂纹。该方法可以用于提供可以烧结到非收缩基材上的高密度绿膜。例如，具有高生坯密度的YSZ薄膜可以烧结到非收缩LSM基板上。在具体实施方案中，可以选择在EPD工艺中使用的粒度分布，以降低在涂膜基材的烧结期间的烧制温度和烧制时间。

7. 发明授权

US5558961A Secondary cell with orthorhombic alkali metal/manganese oxide phase active cathode material 失效
标题翻译：二次电池与正交碱金属/锰氧化物相活性阴极材料
公开(公告)号：US5558961A
公开(公告)日：1996-09-24
申请号：US259658
申请日：1994-06-13
申请人： Marca M. Doeff , Marcus Y. Peng , Yanping Ma , Steven J. Visco , Lutgard C. DeJonghe
发明人： Marca M. Doeff , Marcus Y. Peng , Yanping Ma , Steven J. Visco , Lutgard C. DeJonghe
IPC分类号： C01G45/00 , H01M4/02 , H01M4/131 , H01M4/48 , H01M4/485 , H01M4/50 , H01M4/505 , H01M10/054 , H01M10/0565 , H01M10/36 , H01M10/38
CPC分类号： H01M10/054 , C01G45/1221 , C01G45/1228 , C01G49/0072 , H01M4/505 , C01P2002/77 , C01P2002/90 , C01P2006/40 , H01M10/0565 , H01M2004/028 , H01M4/131 , H01M4/485
摘要： An alkali metal manganese oxide secondary cell is disclosed which can provide a high rate of discharge, good cycling capabilities, good stability of the cathode material, high specific energy (energy per unit of weight) and high energy density (energy per unit volume). The active material in the anode is an alkali metal and the active material in the cathode comprises an orthorhombic alkali metal manganese oxide which undergoes intercalation and deintercalation without a change in phase, resulting in a substantially linear change in voltage with change in the state of charge of the cell. The active material in the cathode is an orthorhombic structure having the formula M.sub.x Z.sub.y Mn.sub.(1-y) O.sub.2, where M is an alkali metal; Z is a metal capable of substituting for manganese in the orthorhombic structure such as iron, cobalt or titanium; x ranges from about 0.2 in the fully charged state to about 0.75 in the fully discharged state, and y ranges from 0 to 60 atomic %. Preferably, the cell is constructed with a solid electrolyte, but a liquid or gelatinous electrolyte may also be used in the cell.
摘要翻译：公开了可以提供高放电率，良好的循环能力，良好的阴极材料稳定性，高比能（单位重量的能量）和高能量密度（每单位体积能量）的碱金属氧化锰二次电池。阳极中的活性物质是碱金属，阴极中的活性物质包括正交碱金属锰氧化物，其经历插层和脱嵌而没有相变，导致电压随着电荷状态的变化而基本上线性变化的细胞。阴极中的活性物质是具有式M x Z y M n（1-y）O 2的斜方晶结构，其中M是碱金属; Z是能够代替铁，钴或钛等正交结构中的锰的金属; x在完全充电状态下为约0.2，在完全放电状态下为约0.75，y为0至60原子％。优选地，电池由固体电解质构成，但也可以在电池中使用液态或凝胶状电解质。

8. 发明授权

US08283077B1 Structures and fabrication techniques for solid state electrochemical devices 有权
标题翻译：固态电化学装置的结构和制造技术
公开(公告)号：US08283077B1
公开(公告)日：2012-10-09
申请号：US12027183
申请日：2008-02-06
申请人： Steven J. Visco , Craig P. Jacobson , Lutgard C. DeJonghe
发明人： Steven J. Visco , Craig P. Jacobson , Lutgard C. DeJonghe
IPC分类号： H01M8/06 , H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M4/8885 , B01D53/326 , B01D2257/108 , C25B9/00 , H01M4/9025 , H01M4/9033 , H01M4/905 , H01M4/9066 , H01M8/004 , H01M8/1213 , H01M8/1226 , H01M8/1231 , H01M8/1246 , H01M8/1253 , H01M8/126 , H01M8/1266 , H01M8/2425 , H01M8/243 , H01M8/2483 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2300/0074 , Y02E60/525 , Y02P70/56 , Y10T29/49115
摘要： Porous substrates and associated structures for solid-state electrochemical devices, such as solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), are low-cost, mechanically strong and highly electronically conductive. Some preferred structures have a thin layer of an electrocatalytically active material (e.g., Ni—YSZ) coating a porous high-strength alloy support (e.g., SS-430) to form a porous SOFC fuel electrode. Electrode/electrolyte structures can be formed by co-firing or constrained sintering processes.
摘要翻译：用于固态电化学装置（例如固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC））的多孔基材和相关结构是低成本，机械强度和高电子导电性的。一些优选的结构具有涂覆多孔高强度合金载体（例如SS-430）的电催化活性材料（例如，Ni-YSZ）的薄层，以形成多孔SOFC燃料电极。电极/电解质结构可以通过共烧或约束烧结工艺形成。

9. 发明授权

US06921557B2 Process for making dense thin films 失效
标题翻译：制造薄膜的工艺
公开(公告)号：US06921557B2
公开(公告)日：2005-07-26
申请号：US10323137
申请日：2002-12-18
申请人： Craig P. Jacobson , Steven J. Visco , Lutgard C. DeJonghe
发明人： Craig P. Jacobson , Steven J. Visco , Lutgard C. DeJonghe
IPC分类号： B05D1/36 , B05D3/02 , H01M8/12
CPC分类号： H01M8/1213 , H01M4/9066 , H01M8/1226 , H01M8/1246 , Y02E60/525 , Y02P70/56
摘要： Provided are low-cost, mechanically strong, highly electronically conductive porous substrates and associated structures for solid-state electrochemical devices, techniques for forming these structures, and devices incorporating the structures. The invention provides solid state electrochemical device substrates of novel composition and techniques for forming thin electrode/membrane/electrolyte coatings on the novel or more conventional substrates. In particular, in one embodiment the invention provides techniques for firing of device substrate to form densified electrolyte/membrane films 5 to 20 microns thick. In another embodiment, densified electrolyte/membrane films 5 to 20 microns thick may be formed on a pre-sintered substrate by a constrained sintering process. In some cases, the substrate may be a porous metal, alloy, or non-nickel cermet incorporating one or more of the transition metals Cr, Fe, Cu and Ag, or alloys thereof.
摘要翻译：提供了低成本，机械强度高的电子导电多孔基底和用于固态电化学装置的相关结构，用于形成这些结构的技术以及结合该结构的装置。本发明提供了用于在新颖或更传统的基底上形成薄电极/膜/电解质涂层的新型组成和技术的固态电化学装置基板。特别地，在一个实施例中，本发明提供了用于烧制器件衬底以形成5至20微米厚的致密化电解质/膜膜的技术。在另一个实施方案中，可以通过约束烧结工艺在预烧结衬底上形成5至20微米厚的致密化电解质/膜膜。在一些情况下，基底可以是包含一种或多种过渡金属Cr，Fe，Cu和Ag的多孔金属，合金或非镍金属陶瓷，或其合金。

10. 发明授权

US06846511B2 Method of making a layered composite electrode/electrolyte 有权
标题翻译：制备层状复合电极/电解质的方法
公开(公告)号：US06846511B2
公开(公告)日：2005-01-25
申请号：US10724558
申请日：2003-11-26
申请人： Steven J. Visco , Craig P. Jacobson , Lutgard C. DeJonghe
发明人： Steven J. Visco , Craig P. Jacobson , Lutgard C. DeJonghe
IPC分类号： H01M4/86 , H01M4/88 , H01M8/12 , B05D5/12 , H01M6/00
CPC分类号： H01M4/9066 , H01M4/8626 , H01M4/8885 , H01M8/1246 , H01M2004/8689 , H01M2008/1293 , Y02E60/525 , Y02P70/56 , Y10T29/49115
摘要： An electrode/electrolyte structure is prepared by a plurality of methods. An unsintered (possibly bisque fired) moderately catalytic electronically-conductive or homogeneous mixed ionic electronic conductive electrode material is deposited on a layer composed of a sintered or unsintered ionically-conductive electrolyte material prior to being sintered. A layer of particulate electrode material is deposited on an unsintered (“green”) layer of electrolyte material and the electrode and electrolyte layers are sintered simultaneously, sometimes referred to as “co-firing,” under conditions suitable to fully densify the electrolyte while the electrode retains porosity. Or, the layer of particulate electrode material is deposited on a previously sintered layer of electrolyte, and then sintered. Subsequently, a catalytic material is added to the electrode structure by infiltration of an electrolcatalyst precursor (e.g., a metal salt such as a transition metal nitrate). This may be followed by low temperature firing to convert the precursor to catalyst. The invention allows for an electrode with high electronic conductivity and sufficient catalytic activity to achieve high power density in an ionic (electrochemical) device such as fuel cells and electrolytic gas separation systems.
摘要翻译：通过多种方法制备电极/电解质结构。在烧结之前，在由烧结或未烧结的离子导电电解质材料构成的层上沉积未烧结（可能是烧结的）中等催化的电子导电或均匀混合的离子电子导电电极材料。一层颗粒状电极材料沉积在电解质材料的未烧结（“绿色”）层上，电极和电解质层同时烧结，有时也被称为“共烧结”，在适合于使电解质完全致密化的条件下电极保留孔隙度。或者，将粒状电极材料层沉积在预先烧结的电解质层上，然后烧结。随后，通过电催化剂前体（例如金属盐如过渡金属硝酸盐）的渗透将催化材料加入到电极结构中。然后可以进行低温烧制，将前体转化为催化剂。本发明允许具有高电子导电性和足够的催化活性的电极在诸如燃料电池和电解气体分离系统的离子（电化学）装置中实现高功率密度。

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