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1. 发明授权

US6013918A Deactivation of microorganisms 失效
标题翻译：微生物灭活
公开(公告)号：US6013918A
公开(公告)日：2000-01-11
申请号：US26480
申请日：1998-02-19
申请人： Andrew H. Bushnell , Don Meader , Lars-.ANG.ke Naslund , H.ang.kan Mellbin , H.ang.kan Moller , R. Wayne Clark , Miriam Gersten , Par Olanders , Olof Stark
发明人： Andrew H. Bushnell , Don Meader , Lars-.ANG.ke Naslund , H.ang.kan Mellbin , H.ang.kan Moller , R. Wayne Clark , Miriam Gersten , Par Olanders , Olof Stark
IPC分类号： A23L3/26 , A23L3/28 , A61L2/08 , B65B9/20 , B65B55/08 , A61L2/10
CPC分类号： A61L2/084 , A23L3/26 , A23L3/28 , A61L2/08 , A61L2/085 , A61L2/10 , B65B55/08 , B65B7/164 , B65B9/042 , B65B9/20 , A61L2202/24
摘要： Methods and apparatuses are described for food product preservation by deactivation of microorganisms and enzymes by applying high-intensity, short-duration pulses of polychromatic light in a broad spectrum to packaging material surfaces. A photodiode is employed for detecting the intensity of the light, and a control circuit is used to adjust power delivered to a flashlamp if the intensity of the light needs adjustment. An outer safety glass is employed to protect the flashlamps. The outer safety glass may include coating materials at ends thereof. In addition, several variations of lamp assembly geometries accommodate small diameter packaging material tubes by using an fill pipe having offset first and second portions with a transitional region thereinbetween, or be eliminating the water jackets and using an outer safety glass to contain water as it is passed over flashlamps. A lamp holding device includes a holding cylinder with a first flange, which, together with a compression cylinder, compresses the first O-ring into the flashlamp. A lamp holding device is positioned in a receptacle into which an electrode of a U-lamp is inserted. The lamp holding device allows a proximal portion to move relative to a distal portion thereof. A light guide is positioned to receive light emitted from a linear flashlamp and to transmit such light into a packaging material cup.
摘要翻译：通过将广泛的高色度，短时间脉冲的多色光脉冲施加到包装材料表面，描述了通过使微生物和酶失活来保护食品的方法和装置。采用光电二极管来检测光的强度，如果光的强度需要调整，则使用控制电路来调节输送到闪光灯的功率。采用外部安全玻璃来保护闪光灯。外部安全玻璃的末端可以包括涂层材料。此外，灯组件几何形状的几种变化通过使用具有偏移的第一和第二部分的填充管适应小直径的包装材料管，其中之间具有过渡区域，或者消除水套，并且使用外部安全玻璃来容纳水。经过闪光灯。灯保持装置包括具有第一凸缘的保持筒，其与压缩圆筒一起将第一O形环压入闪光灯。灯保持装置定位在插入U形灯电极的插座中。灯保持装置允许近端部分相对于其远端部分移动。光导被定位成接收从线性闪光灯发射的光并将这种光传输到包装材料杯中。

2. 发明授权

US5768853A Deactivation of microorganisms 失效
标题翻译：微生物灭活
公开(公告)号：US5768853A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-23
申请号：US614854
申请日：1996-03-12
申请人： Andrew H. Bushnell , H.ang.kan Moller , R. Wayne Clark , Miriam Gersten , Don Meader , Lars-.ANG.ke Naslund , H.ang.kan Mellbin , Par Olanders , Olof Stark
发明人： Andrew H. Bushnell , H.ang.kan Moller , R. Wayne Clark , Miriam Gersten , Don Meader , Lars-.ANG.ke Naslund , H.ang.kan Mellbin , Par Olanders , Olof Stark
IPC分类号： A23L3/26 , A23L3/28 , A61L2/08 , B65B9/20 , B65B55/08 , B65B55/00
CPC分类号： A61L2/084 , A23L3/26 , A23L3/28 , A61L2/08 , A61L2/085 , A61L2/10 , B65B55/08 , B65B7/164 , B65B9/042 , B65B9/20 , A61L2202/24
摘要： Methods and apparatuses are described for food product preservation by deactivation of microorganisms and enzymes by applying high-intensity, short-duration pulses of polychromatic light in a broad spectrum to packaging material surfaces. In some embodiments, a photodiode is employed for detecting the intensity of the light, and a control circuit is used to adjust power delivered to a flashlamp if the intensity of the light needs adjustment. In some embodiments, an outer safety glass is employed to protect the flashlamps. The outer safety glass may include coating materials at ends thereof. In addition, several variations of lamp assembly geometries accommodate small diameter packaging material tubes by, for example, using an fill pipe having offset first and second portions with a transitional region thereinbetween, or be eliminating the water jackets and using an outer safety glass to contain water as it is passed over flashlamps. In another additional embodiment, a lamp holding device includes a holding cylinder with a first flange, which, together with a compression cylinder, compresses the first O-ring into the flashlamp. In yet another embodiment, a lamp holding device is positioned in a receptacle into which an electrode of a U-lamp is inserted. The lamp holding device allows a proximal portion to move relative to a distal portion thereof. In yet a further embodiment, a light guide is positioned to receive light emitted from a linear flashlamp and to transmit such light into a packaging material cup.
摘要翻译：通过将广泛的高色度，短时间脉冲的多色光脉冲施加到包装材料表面，描述了通过使微生物和酶失活来保护食品的方法和装置。在一些实施例中，使用光电二极管来检测光的强度，并且如果光的强度需要调整，则使用控制电路来调节输送到闪光灯的功率。在一些实施例中，采用外部安全玻璃来保护闪光灯。外部安全玻璃的末端可以包括涂层材料。此外，灯组件几何形状的几种变化通过例如使用具有偏移的第一和第二部分的填充管（其中具有过渡区域）或者消除水套和使用外部安全玻璃来容纳小直径的包装材料管水通过闪光灯。在另一个另外的实施例中，灯保持装置包括具有第一凸缘的保持筒，压缩圆筒与第一凸缘一起将第一O形环压入闪光灯。在另一个实施例中，灯保持装置定位在插入U形灯电极的插座中。灯保持装置允许近端部分相对于其远端部分移动。在又一个实施例中，光导被定位成接收从线性闪光灯发射的光并将这种光透射到包装材料杯中。

3. 发明授权

US5235905A High pulsed voltage systems for extending the shelf life of pumpable food products 失效
标题翻译：高脉冲电压系统，可延长可泵送食品的保质期
公开(公告)号：US5235905A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-17
申请号：US894105
申请日：1992-06-05
申请人： Andrew H. Bushnell , Joseph E. Dunn , R. Wayne Clark , Jay S. Pearlman
发明人： Andrew H. Bushnell , Joseph E. Dunn , R. Wayne Clark , Jay S. Pearlman
IPC分类号： A23C3/00 , A23C3/033 , A23L2/48 , A23L3/005 , A23L3/22 , A23L3/32 , C02F1/46 , C02F1/48
CPC分类号： A23C3/00 , A23C3/0335 , A23L2/48 , A23L3/005 , A23L3/22 , A23L3/32 , C02F1/48 , C02F1/46 , C02F1/4608 , C02F2201/46175 , C02F2303/04 , Y10S99/14
摘要： The present invention is directed to methods and apparatus for preserving fluid foodstuffs, and more particularly, is directed to such methods and apparatus for extending the shelf life of perishable fluid foodstuffs such as dairy products, fruit juices and liquid egg products, which are growth media for microorganisms. The present invention is also directed to preserved liquid foodstuffs which have extended shelf life.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于保存流体食品的方法和装置，更具体地，涉及用于延长易腐食品如乳制品，果汁和液体蛋制品等易腐食品的保存期限的方法和装置，其为生长培养基用于微生物。本发明还涉及具有延长保质期的保鲜液体食品。

4. 发明授权

US5048404A High pulsed voltage systems for extending the shelf life of pumpable food products 失效
标题翻译：高脉冲电压系统，可延长可泵送食品的保质期
公开(公告)号：US5048404A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-17
申请号：US609080
申请日：1990-11-02
申请人： Andrew H. Bushnell , Joseph E. Dunn , R. Wayne Clark
发明人： Andrew H. Bushnell , Joseph E. Dunn , R. Wayne Clark
IPC分类号： A23C3/033 , A23L2/48 , A23L3/22 , A23L3/32 , C02F1/46
CPC分类号： A23L3/32 , A23C3/0335 , A23L2/48 , A23L3/22 , C02F1/46 , C02F1/4608 , C02F2201/46175 , Y10S99/14
摘要： The present invention is directed to methods and apparatus for preserving fluid foodstuffs, and more particularly is directed to such methods and apparatus for extending the shelf life of perishable fluid foodstuffs such as dairy products, fruit juices and liquid egg products, which are growth media for microorganisms. The present invention is also directed to preserved liquid foodstuffs which have extended shelf life.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于保存流体食品的方法和装置，更具体地，涉及用于延长诸如乳制品，果汁和液体蛋制品等易腐食品的保存期限的这种方法和装置，它们是用于微生物。本发明还涉及具有延长保质期的保鲜液体食品。

5. 发明授权

US5900211A Deactivation of organisms using high-intensity pulsed polychromatic light 失效
标题翻译：使用高强度脉冲多色光灭活生物
公开(公告)号：US5900211A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-04
申请号：US741560
申请日：1996-10-31
申请人： Joseph E. Dunn , Reginald Wayne Clark , Andrew H. Bushnell , Kenton J Salisbury
发明人： Joseph E. Dunn , Reginald Wayne Clark , Andrew H. Bushnell , Kenton J Salisbury
IPC分类号： A23L3/26 , A61L2/08 , C02F1/32 , H01R13/621 , H01R13/639 , A61L2/00
CPC分类号： H01R13/639 , A23L3/26 , A61L2/08 , C02F1/32 , C02F1/325 , A61L2202/24 , C02F2201/3223 , C02F2201/3227 , C02F2201/3228 , C02F2201/328 , H01R13/6215
摘要： A method of deactivating microorganisms in food products, packaging material, water, air, and other products involves illuminating the microorganisms using at least one short-duration, high-intensity pulse of broad-spectrum polychromatic light. In variations of this embodiment, the light has an intensity of at least 0.1 J/cm.sup.2, the pulse duration is from between about 10 nanoseconds and 10 milliseconds, and/or at least 50% of the at least one pulse's energy is transmitted in light having wavelength from between about 170 and 2600 nanometers. Advantageously, the microorganisms may be Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts, Bacillus pumilus spores or poliovirus.
摘要翻译：食品，包装材料，水，空气和其他产品中的微生物失活的方法包括使用至少一种具有广谱多色光的短持续时间，高强度脉冲来照射微生物。在该实施例的变型中，光具有至少0.1J / cm 2的强度，脉冲持续时间在约10纳秒至10毫秒之间，和/或至少一个脉冲的能量的至少50％在光中透射具有约170和2600纳米之间的波长。有利地，微生物可以是隐孢子虫卵囊，短小芽孢杆菌孢子或脊髓灰质炎病毒。

6. 发明授权

US6087783A Method and apparatus utilizing microwaves to enhance electrode arc lamp emission spectra 失效
标题翻译：利用微波加强电极弧光发射光谱的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US6087783A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-11
申请号：US19392
申请日：1998-02-03
申请人： Bernard J. Eastlund , Andrew H. Bushnell
发明人： Bernard J. Eastlund , Andrew H. Bushnell
IPC分类号： H05B41/24 , H01J7/46 , H01J61/80 , H01J61/90 , H01J65/04 , H05B41/30 , H01J17/20
CPC分类号： H01J65/044 , H01J61/80
摘要： A system and method for operating a dual electrode flashlamp. The method employs steps of applying an electrical potential between a pair of electrodes of the dual electrode flashlamp; and irradiating a region behind one of said electrodes with microwave energy. The system has a flashlamp bulb; a first electrode positioned at one end of the flashlamp bulb; a second electrode positioned at another end of the flashlamp bulb; and a microwave energy source positioned to direct microwave energy at the flashlamp bulb.
摘要翻译：一种用于操作双电极闪光灯的系统和方法。该方法采用在双电极闪光灯的一对电极之间施加电位的步骤; 以及用微波能量照射所述电极之一的区域。该系统有闪光灯泡; 位于闪光灯泡的一端的第一电极; 位于闪光灯泡的另一端的第二电极; 以及定位成在闪光灯灯泡处引导微波能量的微波能量源。

7. 发明授权

US6027754A Uniform product flow in a high-electric-field treatment cell 失效
标题翻译：高电场处理池中均匀的产品流动
公开(公告)号：US6027754A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-22
申请号：US107114
申请日：1998-06-30
申请人： Andrew H. Bushnell , Samuel W. Lloyd
发明人： Andrew H. Bushnell , Samuel W. Lloyd
IPC分类号： A23L3/32 , A23L3/00 , A23L3/26
CPC分类号： A23L3/32
摘要： A deactivation approach for deactivating microorganisms in a high-strength-electric field treatment system, can be characterized as an apparatus for reducing microorganism levels in products. The apparatus has an inlet tube of substantially uniform cross-sectional area extending from a distance before a treatment zone to at least into the treatment zone; a substantially ogival electrode nose positioned in the treatment zone; and an outer electrode forming an interior of the inlet tube in the treatment zone. The treatment system can be employed in a method having steps of flowing the product through an inlet tube of substantially uniform cross-sectional area extending from a distance before a treatment zone to at least into the treatment zone; flowing the product between a substantially ogival electrode nose positioned in the treatment zone, and an outer electrode forming an interior of the inlet tube in the treatment zone; and applying at least one high strength electric field pulse to the product during transit through the treatment zone.
摘要翻译：用于在高强度电场处理系统中去活微生物的失活方法可以被表征为用于降低产品中的微生物水平的装置。该设备具有从处理区域之间的距离至少进入处理区域的基本上均匀的横截面积的入口管; 位于治疗区域中的基本上是漂浮的电极鼻; 以及在处理区中形成入口管内部的外电极。该处理系统可以用于一种方法，该方法具有使产品流过从处理区域之间的距离至少进入处理区域的基本上均匀横截面积的入口管的步骤; 使产品在位于处理区域中的基本上流动的电极鼻和在处理区中形成入口管内部的外电极之间流动; 以及在通过处理区域的过境期间，将至少一个高强度电场脉冲应用于产品。

8. 发明授权

US5447733A Prevention of electrochemical and electrophoretic effects in high-strength-electric-field pumpable-food-product treatment systems 失效
标题翻译：在高强度电场可泵送食品处理系统中预防电化学和电泳效应
公开(公告)号：US5447733A
公开(公告)日：1995-09-05
申请号：US354233
申请日：1994-12-08
申请人： Andrew H. Bushnell , Reginald W. Clark , Joseph E. Dunn , Samuel W. Lloyd
发明人： Andrew H. Bushnell , Reginald W. Clark , Joseph E. Dunn , Samuel W. Lloyd
IPC分类号： A23L3/32
CPC分类号： A23L3/32 , Y10S99/14
摘要： Microorganisms are deactivated in a food product using an electrode placed into electrical contact with the food product. A current signal is applied to the electrode during a specified time period, causing a deactivating charge to build up on the first electrode. An electrical field results from the deactivating charge having an electric field strength of at least 5,000 volts/cm. Substantially all of a residual charge is removed from the first electrode during a discharge period, such that an approximately zero net charge is delivered to the first electrode following the discharge period, thereby reducing electrophoretic side-effects. The current signal causes an electrical double layer at the electrode to charge to a prescribed voltage. One embodiment, the prescribed voltage does not exceed a reaction voltage of a prescribed reacting material species for more than a prescribed threshold period, thereby reducing electrochemical reactions within the food product.
摘要翻译：使用与食品电气接触的电极在食品中使微生物失活。电流信号在规定的时间内被施加到电极，导致在第一电极上形成去激活电荷。电场的电场强度至少为5000伏/厘米，导致电场产生。在放电期间，基本上所有的剩余电荷都从第一电极去除，使得在放电周期之后将大约零的净电荷输送到第一电极，从而降低电泳副作用。电流信号使电极处的双电层充电到规定的电压。一个实施方案中，规定的电压不超过规定的反应物质的反应电压超过规定的阈值时间，从而减少食品内的电化学反应。

9. 发明授权

US06849233B2 Vacuum sterilized sealing of passthrough light treatment devices 失效
标题翻译：透气灯处理装置的真空灭菌密封
公开(公告)号：US06849233B2
公开(公告)日：2005-02-01
申请号：US09794594
申请日：2001-02-26
申请人： Andrew H. Bushnell , William M. Fries
发明人： Andrew H. Bushnell , William M. Fries
IPC分类号： A61L2/08 , A61L2/10 , A61L2/26
CPC分类号： A61L2/084 , A61L2/10 , A61L2/26 , A61L2202/122
摘要： A vacuum-sealable hatch that is vacuum sealed to a surface of a passthrough light sterilization device, and related methods of use, consists of a hatch body having at least a portion adapted to fit within an opening of the treatment chamber and a flexible piece attached to the hatch body. The flexible piece extends peripherally from the hatch body and includes a seating portion which is adapted to be vacuum sealed to a seating region of an interior surface of the treatment chamber. The hatch body and the flexible piece seal the treatment chamber from the outside environment, thereby preventing the free flow of microorganisms to and from the treatment chamber and the outside environment. In some variations, at least the seating portion of the flexible piece is transmissive to the light treatment such that surfaces underneath the seating region are treated by the light treatment.
摘要翻译：真空密封的真空密封到通过光灭菌装置的表面的真空密封的舱口和相关的使用方法由具有适于装配在处理室的开口内的至少一部分的一个舱口主体和附接的柔性件到舱口体。柔性件从舱口本体周向延伸并且包括一个安置部分，其适于被真空密封到处理室的内表面的就座区域。舱口本体和柔性件将处理室与外部环境密封，从而防止微生物自由流入处理室和外部环境。在一些变型中，至少柔性件的安置部分对光处理是透射的，使得通过光处理来处理就座区域下方的表面。

10. 发明授权

US06110423A High-strength-electric-field pumpable-food-product treatment in a serial-electrode treatment cell 失效
标题翻译：串联电极处理电池中的高强度电场可泵送 - 食品处理
公开(公告)号：US06110423A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-29
申请号：US20266
申请日：1998-02-06
申请人： Andrew H. Bushnell , Joseph E. Dunn , Reginald Wayne Clark , Samuel W. Lloyd
发明人： Andrew H. Bushnell , Joseph E. Dunn , Reginald Wayne Clark , Samuel W. Lloyd
IPC分类号： A23L3/32 , A61L2/00 , A61L2/02 , C02F1/48
CPC分类号： A23L3/32 , A61L2/0011 , A61L2/02 , C02F1/48 , C02F2303/04 , Y10S99/14
摘要： A system for deactivating organisms in a food product employs a first electrode; an insulator section coupled to the first electrode, wherein the insulator section includes an insulator pinch, an opening, and a transition region interposed thereinbetween, and wherein the opening has a larger cross-sectional area than the insulator pinch, the insulator section including a cavity, passing through the insulator pinch, the transition region, and the opening, wherein the food product is contained during deactivating of organisms; and a second electrode coupled to the insulator section, wherein the first electrode is positioned on a first side of the insulator pinch, and the second electrode is positioned on a second side of the insulator pinch, whereby an electric field formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, when a voltage is applied across the first electrode and the second electrode, passes through the insulator pinch.
摘要翻译：用于使食品中生物体失活的系统采用第一电极; 绝缘体部分，其耦合到所述第一电极，其中所述绝缘体部分包括绝缘体夹紧，开口和介于其间的过渡区域，并且其中所述开口具有比所述绝缘体夹持件更大的横截面面积，所述绝缘体部分包括空腔穿过绝缘体夹紧，过渡区域和开口，其中在生物体失活期间包含食品; 以及耦合到所述绝缘体部分的第二电极，其中所述第一电极位于所述绝缘体夹持件的第一侧上，并且所述第二电极位于所述绝缘体夹紧的第二侧上，由此形成在所述第一电极和当跨越第一电极和第二电极施加电压时，第二电极通过绝缘体挤压。

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