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1. 发明授权

US09492651B2 MRI and RF compatible leads and related methods of operating and fabricating leads 有权
标题翻译： MRI和RF兼容引线以及相关操作和制造引线的方法
公开(公告)号：US09492651B2
公开(公告)日：2016-11-15
申请号：US12047602
申请日：2008-03-13
申请人： Paul A. Bottomley , Parag V. Karmarkar , Justin M. Allen , William A. Edelstein
发明人： Paul A. Bottomley , Parag V. Karmarkar , Justin M. Allen , William A. Edelstein
IPC分类号： A61N1/05 , A61N1/37 , A61N1/08
CPC分类号： A61N1/08 , A61N1/05 , A61N1/086 , A61N1/3718 , Y10T29/49117
摘要： RF/MRI compatible leads include at least one conductor that turns back on itself at least twice in a lengthwise direction, and can turn back on itself at least twice at multiple locations along its length. The at least one electrical lead can be configured so that the lead heats local tissue less than about 10 degrees Celsius (typically about 5 degrees Celsius or less) or does not heat local tissue when a patient is exposed to target RF frequencies at a peak input SAR of at least about 4 W/kg and/or a whole body average SAR of at least about 2W/kg. Related devices and methods of fabricating leads are also described.
摘要翻译： RF / MRI兼容的引线包括至少一个导体，其沿长度方向至少翻转两次，并且可以在其长度的多个位置处至少翻转两次。至少一个电引线可以被配置成使得引线将局部组织加热到小于约10摄氏度（通常约5摄氏度或更低），或者当患者暴露于峰值输入处的目标RF频率时不加热局部组织 SAR至少约4W / kg和/或全身平均SAR至少约2W / kg。还描述了制造引线的相关器件和方法。

2. 发明授权

US09482728B2 Methods, systems and devices for local magnetic resonance imaging 有权
标题翻译：用于局部磁共振成像的方法，系统和装置
公开(公告)号：US09482728B2
公开(公告)日：2016-11-01
申请号：US12521570
申请日：2007-12-31
申请人： Paul A. Bottomley , Shashank Sathyanarayana
发明人： Paul A. Bottomley , Shashank Sathyanarayana
IPC分类号： A61B5/055 , G01R33/28 , G01R33/34 , G01R33/36 , G01R33/421 , G01R33/422 , G01R33/483 , G01R33/44
CPC分类号： G01R33/285 , G01R33/34053 , G01R33/34084 , G01R33/3685 , G01R33/421 , G01R33/422 , G01R33/445 , G01R33/4833 , Y10T29/49016
摘要： Featured are a device with localized sensitivity to magnetic resonance signals, an imaging system using such a device and MRI methods for performing internal MRI or MRI Endoscopy. Such an MRI method includes introducing an MRI antenna or probe into the specimen to be imaged, the antenna being configured in accordance with the devices described herein, so that the spatial coordinate frame of imaging is inherently locked or defined with respect to the introduced antenna thereby providing imaging of the specimen from the point of view of the antenna. Further such imaging is conducted so that the MRI signal is confined substantially to a volume with respect to a particular region of the antenna or probe.
摘要翻译：特色是对磁共振信号具有局部敏感性的装置，使用这种装置的成像系统和用于执行内部MRI或MRI内窥镜检查的MRI方法。这样的MRI方法包括将MRI天线或探针引入待成像的样本中，天线根据本文所述的装置来配置，使得成像的空间坐标系相对于引入的天线固有地被锁定或定义，从天线的角度提供样本的成像。进一步进行这样的成像，使得MRI信号基本上被限制在相对于天线或探针的特定区域的体积。

3. 发明授权

US09248270B2 Methods and apparatus for fabricating leads with conductors and related flexible 有权
标题翻译：用导线制造导线的方法和装置以及相关的灵活性
公开(公告)号：US09248270B2
公开(公告)日：2016-02-02
申请号：US12047832
申请日：2008-03-13
申请人： Parag V. Karmarkar , Paul A. Bottomley , Justin M. Allen , William A. Edelstein , Peter Piferi , Brian Gore
发明人： Parag V. Karmarkar , Paul A. Bottomley , Justin M. Allen , William A. Edelstein , Peter Piferi , Brian Gore
IPC分类号： A61N1/05 , A61N1/04 , B29C33/12 , G01N3/32 , A61N1/08 , B29L31/00
CPC分类号： A61N1/08 , A61N1/0488 , A61N1/05 , A61N1/086 , B29C33/126 , B29L2031/753 , G01N3/32 , Y10T29/49071
摘要： MRI/RF compatible leads include at least one conductor, a respective conductor having at least one segment with a multi-layer stacked coil configuration. The lead can be configured so that the lead heats local tissue less than about 10 degrees Celsius (typically about 5 degrees Celsius or less) or does not heat local tissue when a patient is exposed to target RF frequencies at a peak input SAR of at least about 4 W/kg and/or a whole body average SAR of at least about 2 W/kg. Related leads and methods of fabricating leads are also described.
摘要翻译： MRI / RF兼容引线包括至少一个导体，具有至少一个具有多层堆叠线圈配置的段的相应导体。引线可以被配置为使得铅在局部组织中加热小于约10摄氏度（通常约5摄氏度或更低），或者当患者暴露于至少峰值输入SAR的目标RF频率时不加热局部组织约4W / kg和/或全身平均SAR至少约2W / kg。还描述了制造引线的相关引线和方法。

4. 发明授权

US06549800B1 Methods for in vivo magnetic resonance imaging 有权
标题翻译：体内磁共振成像方法
公开(公告)号：US06549800B1
公开(公告)日：2003-04-15
申请号：US09549921
申请日：2000-04-14
申请人： Ergin Atalar , Paul A. Bottomley , Elias Zerhouin , Henry Halperin , Elliot McVeigh , Albert C. Lardo
发明人： Ergin Atalar , Paul A. Bottomley , Elias Zerhouin , Henry Halperin , Elliot McVeigh , Albert C. Lardo
IPC分类号： A61B505
CPC分类号： A61B5/415 , A61B1/273 , A61B1/303 , A61B1/307 , A61B1/31 , A61B5/055 , A61B5/418 , A61B5/42 , A61B5/4381 , A61B10/0275 , A61B2090/374 , G01R33/285 , G01R33/34084 , G01R33/3628 , H01Q1/36 , H01Q1/362 , H01Q1/40 , H01Q1/44 , H01Q11/08
摘要： The systems and methods of the present invention provide for MRI probes adapted for insertion into a plurality of body orifices, in order to evaluate the anatomy of proximate anatomic structures, to diagnose abnormalities thereof and to treat the diagnosed abnormalities. MRI probes are described that are suitable for use in the mediastinum, in the pancreaticohepaticobiliary system, in the tracheobronchopulmonary system, in the head and neck, in the genitourinary system, the gastrointestinal system, the vascular system, and in the evaluation, diagnosis and treatment of internal fluid collections.
摘要翻译：本发明的系统和方法提供适于插入多个体孔的MRI探针，以评估近端解剖结构的解剖结构，诊断其异常并治疗诊断异常。描述了适用于纵隔，胰胆管系统，气管支气管系统，头颈部，泌尿生殖系统，胃肠系统，血管系统以及评估，诊断和治疗中的MRI探针的内部流体收集。

5. 发明授权

US06263229B1 Miniature magnetic resonance catheter coils and related methods 有权
标题翻译：微型磁共振导管线圈及相关方法
公开(公告)号：US06263229B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-17
申请号：US09191563
申请日：1998-11-13
申请人： Ergin Atalar , Jeffrey C. Lestio , Harry K. Charles, Jr. , Bliss G. Carkhuff , Paul A. Bottomley
发明人： Ergin Atalar , Jeffrey C. Lestio , Harry K. Charles, Jr. , Bliss G. Carkhuff , Paul A. Bottomley
IPC分类号： A61B5055
CPC分类号： G01R33/34084 , G01R33/34007 , G01R33/341 , G01R33/3657 , G01R33/3678
摘要： The present invention provides several embodiments of methods of making magnetic resonance catheter coils which include employing a flexible electrically insulative base member, depositing an electrically conductive material on the base member in a predetermined pattern to create at least one pair of generally parallel electrically conductive coil elements which are electrically connected to each other. A catheter is provided over the coil assembly. In one embodiment, a second pair of generally parallel electrically conductive coil elements are provided in order to create a quadrature coil. In this latter embodiment, the electrically insulative base member may have the first pair of coil elements created on one surface thereof and a second pair on the other with the base member subsequently being deformed to create a tubular coil having one pair of coil elements on the outside and the other pair on the inside. In some embodiments, tuning and matching circuits and decoupling circuits may be provided. The (a) coils, (b) coil assemblies, as well as (c) catheter coils containing coil assemblies produced by these methods are also disclosed. The coils may be miniaturized so as to facilitate ready insertion within a suitable sheath, such as a probe or catheter, into a patient, including into body openings, or into blood vessels or into interior regions of the body.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了制造磁共振导管线圈的方法的几个实施例，其包括采用柔性电绝缘基底部件，以预定图案在基底部件上沉积导电材料，以产生至少一对大致平行的导电线圈元件它们彼此电连接。在线圈组件上提供导管。在一个实施例中，提供第二对大致平行的导电线圈元件以便产生正交线圈。在后一个实施例中，电绝缘基体可以具有在其一个表面上形成的第一对线圈元件，而另一对线圈元件可以具有另一对线圈元件，而第二对线圈元件随后变形，从而形成管状线圈，该管状线圈在其上具有一对线圈元件外面和另一对在里面。在一些实施例中，可以提供调谐和匹配电路和去耦电路。还公开了（a）线圈，（b）线圈组件，以及（c）包含由这些方法制造的线圈组件的导管线圈。线圈可以被小型化，以便于在适当的护套（例如探针或导管）内容易地插入患者体内，包括进入体内开口，或进入血管或进入体内的内部区域。

6. 发明授权

US5699801A Method of internal magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopic analysis and associated apparatus 失效
标题翻译：内部磁共振成像和光谱分析方法及相关设备
公开(公告)号：US5699801A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-23
申请号：US457833
申请日：1995-06-01
申请人： Ergin Atalar , Paul A. Bottomley , Elias A. Zerhouni
发明人： Ergin Atalar , Paul A. Bottomley , Elias A. Zerhouni
IPC分类号： A61B10/00 , A61B5/055 , A61B10/02 , A61B19/00 , G01R33/34
CPC分类号： G01R33/34084 , A61B5/055 , G01R33/341 , G01R33/3657 , G01R33/3678 , G01R33/34007
摘要： The invention provides a method for magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopic analysis of the interior of a specimen which includes positioning the specimen within a main magnetic field, introducing an invasive probe having an elongated receiver coil into or adjacent to the specimen with the coil having at least one pair of elongated electrical conductors, preferably, generally parallel to each other disposed within a dielectric material and having a pair of ends electrically connected to each other. RF pulses are provided to the region of interest to excite magnetic resonance signals, gradient magnetic pulses are applied to the region of interest with the receiver coil receiving magnetic resonance signals and emitting responsive output signals which may be processed by a computer to provide image information for display in a desired manner. The method in a preferred form involves employing a flexible receiver coil which has uniform sensitivity along the coil and may be operated even when the magnetic resonance signal is in an oblique position. Tuning capacitance may be distributed along the length of the coil and/or a Faraday screen provided to minimize dielectric losses between the coil and the surrounding material of the specimen. The method may be used on a wide variety of specimens and in a preferred use is introduced into small blood vessels of a patient to facilitate determination of atherosclerotic plaque. Medical intervention procedures, such as plaque removal, may be employed generally simultaneously with the imaging of the present invention. Corresponding apparatus is provided.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种用于磁共振成像和样品内部光谱分析的方法，其包括将样品定位在主磁场内，将具有细长的接收器线圈的侵入性探针引入到试样中或与样品相邻，线圈至少具有一对细长的电导体，优选地大致彼此平行地设置在电介质材料内并且具有彼此电连接的一对端部。将RF脉冲提供给感兴趣的区域以激励磁共振信号，梯度磁脉冲被施加到感兴趣的区域，接收器线圈接收磁共振信号并且发出可由计算机处理的响应输出信号，以提供图像信息以期望的方式显示。优选形式的方法涉及使用具有沿线圈的均匀灵敏度的柔性接收器线圈，并且即使当磁共振信号处于倾斜位置时也可以进行操作。调谐电容可以沿着线圈的长度和/或法拉第屏幕分布，以最小化线圈和样品的周围材料之间的介电损耗。该方法可以用于各种各样的样品，并且优选的用途被引入到患者的小血管中以便于确定动脉粥样硬化斑块。医疗干预程序，例如除斑，可以与本发明的成像通常同时使用。提供相应的设备。

7. 发明授权

US5500592A Absolute metabolite concentrations from poorly spatially-resolved MR response signals 失效
标题翻译：绝对代谢物浓度来自差的空间分辨MR反应信号
公开(公告)号：US5500592A
公开(公告)日：1996-03-19
申请号：US332318
申请日：1994-10-31
申请人： Paul A. Bottomley
发明人： Paul A. Bottomley
IPC分类号： G01R33/483 , G01R33/485 , G01R33/565 , G01R33/58 , G01R33/46
CPC分类号： G01R33/485 , G01R33/58 , G01R33/56527
摘要： An improved method of assaying local metabolite concentrations the chemical entity (CE) of interest, of a living subject by non-invasive means using magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy employs acquiring an MR response signal for a naturally occurring, abundant marker material of known concentration, such as water (H.sub.2 O) from the subject. An MR response signal is also acquired from the CE being assayed, e.g., adenosine triphosphate (ATP) with phosphorus (.sup.31 P) nuclei producing the MR response signal. The subject is replaced with a test phantom having a known concentration of the marker material and a reference concentration standard (e.g., phosphate) having the same resonant nuclei as the CE. Both sets of MR response signals are again acquired. The volume of tissue contributing to the CE MR response signal in the subject is deduced from the ratios of marker material MR response signals from the subject and phantom and the known concentration of the test phantom. The concentration of CE in the subject is determined from the volume and the measurements of the test phantom. The method avoids problems of tissue volume determination from images. The technique may be applied to non-invasive evaluation of cardiac tissue damage by assaying phosphate concentration of volume elements of the subject's heart.
摘要翻译：通过使用磁共振（MR）光谱的非侵入性手段测定活体受试者感兴趣的化学实体（CE）的改进方法，采用已知浓度的天然存在的丰富标记物质的MR响应信号，例如来自受试者的水（H 2 O）。还从被测定的CE获得MR响应信号，例如具有产生MR响应信号的磷（31P）核的三磷酸腺苷（ATP）。用具有已知浓度的标记材料和具有与CE相同的共振核的参考浓度标准（例如磷酸盐）的测试体模替代受试者。再次获得两组MR响应信号。从对象和体模的标记材料MR响应信号和测试体模的已知浓度的比率推导出对受试者中对CE MR响应信号有贡献的组织体积。受试者中CE的浓度由测试体模和体积测量确定。该方法避免了图像中组织体积确定的问题。该技术可以通过测定受试者心脏的体积元素的磷酸盐浓度来应用于心脏组织损伤的非侵入性评估。

8. 发明授权

US5201311A Spatially-localized chemical-reaction-rate NMR spectroscopic imaging 失效
标题翻译：空间局部化学反应率NMR光谱成像
公开(公告)号：US5201311A
公开(公告)日：1993-04-13
申请号：US927780
申请日：1992-08-10
申请人： Paul A. Bottomley , Christopher J. Hardy
发明人： Paul A. Bottomley , Christopher J. Hardy
IPC分类号： G01R33/483 , G01R33/485
CPC分类号： G01R33/485 , G01R33/483
摘要： A method for providing information about the rate of a selected chemical reaction in each of at least one selected volume elements (voxels) in a sample includes the steps of: exciting a reaction-rate-dependent chemical-shift spectrum, by a selected stimulus (such as one of saturation-transfer and inversion-transfer RF signal pulses) to label the NMR signal of a first reaction constituent; spatially localizing the NMR response signal, provided by the excited resonance, to a selected voxel within the sample; and acquiring and processing the NMR response data from the localized voxel. The excitation, localization and data acquisition subsequences are repeated to generate data substantially proportional, or equal, to the reaction rate constants in the selected voxels, and in planes and/or volumes thereof.
摘要翻译：提供关于样品中至少一个选定的体积元素（体素）中的每一个中选择的化学反应的速率的信息的方法包括以下步骤：通过所选择的刺激（激发反应速率依赖的化学位移谱）例如饱和转移和反转传输RF信号脉冲之一）来标记第一反应成分的NMR信号; 将由激发谐振提供的NMR响应信号空间定位到样品内的选定体素; 并从局部体素获取和处理NMR响应数据。重复激发，定位和数据采集子序列以产生与所选择的体素中的反应速率常数以及其平面和/或体积基本成比例或相等的数据。

9. 发明授权

US4881032A Method of, and apparatus for, NMR spectroscopic metabolite imaging and quantification 失效
标题翻译： NMR光谱代谢物成像和定量的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4881032A
公开(公告)日：1989-11-14
申请号：US260633
申请日：1988-10-21
申请人： Paul A. Bottomley , Peter B. Roemer , William A. Edelstein , Otward M. Mueller
发明人： Paul A. Bottomley , Peter B. Roemer , William A. Edelstein , Otward M. Mueller
IPC分类号： A61B5/055 , G01R33/36 , G01R33/48 , G01R33/485
CPC分类号： G01R33/485 , G01R33/3628
摘要： A method for NMR spectroscopy metabolite imaging utilizes the steps of: applying to a desired portion of a sample a pulsed phase-encoding linear magnetic gradient signal in at least one of the three orthogonal dimensions of a Cartesian coordinate set, prior to acquisition of free-induction-decay NMR response signals from the sample portion; substantially eliminating from at least the sample portion eddy current fields induced responsive to the phase-encoding gradient pulses; maximizing the signal-to-noise ratio of the NMR response signals; and displaying the data resulting from Fourier transformation of the received response data. A high-field NMR imaging system is provided with self-shielded gradient coils, to subsantially remove eddy-current effects, and at least one of maximized-SNR antenna, of quadrature-driven volume RF coil and/or surface RF coil types are utilized for both transmission of the excitation RF pulses and reception of the RF response signals. The acquired FID data is filtered and a Fourier transform reconstruction, of dimension d' equal to one greater than the numder d of spatial dimensions to be displayed, is performed.

10. 发明授权

US4812760A Multi-dimensional selective NMR excitation with a single RF pulse 失效
标题翻译：具有单个RF脉冲的多维选择性NMR激发
公开(公告)号：US4812760A
公开(公告)日：1989-03-14
申请号：US78427
申请日：1987-07-27
申请人： Paul A. Bottomley , Christopher J. Hardy , Matthew O'Donnell , Peter B. Roemer
发明人： Paul A. Bottomley , Christopher J. Hardy , Matthew O'Donnell , Peter B. Roemer
IPC分类号： A61B10/00 , A61B5/055 , G01R33/48 , G01R33/20
CPC分类号： G01R33/446
摘要： A single rotating NMR .pi. pulse provides simultaneous spatially-selective inversion or spin-echo refocussing of nuclear pins in two orthogonal dimensions. The two-dimensional spatially-selective pulse utilizes a single RF pulse, with either a square of an amplitude-modulated or a frequency-modulated envelope, and applied in the presence of an amplitude-modulated magnetic field gradient which reorients through the desired dimensions in which selection is desired while the RF pulse is present. These rotating, or ".rho.", pulses are useful for reduction of aliasing signal artifacts is restricted field-of-view high-resolution NMR imaging and, when combined with one-dimensional-localized chemical shift spectroscpoy techniques (such as those employing surface detection coils) is especially useful for the production of three-dimensionally localized NMR spectra. Substantial suppression of undesirable residual excited signals, arising from outside the desired two-dimensional spatially selected region, can be obtained by simulated annealing optimization of both the RF and magnetic field gradient amplitude portions of the .rho. pulse and/or by use of surface coil detection. The location of the selected volume is varied by frequency modulation of the RF signal pulse, or by variation of the ratio of currents in the halves of the magnetic field gradient coils.

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