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1. 发明授权

US06622549B1 Fuel injectors with integral fiber optic pressure sensors and associated compensation and status monitoring devices 失效
标题翻译：具有集成光纤压力传感器和相关补偿和状态监测装置的燃油喷射器
公开(公告)号：US06622549B1
公开(公告)日：2003-09-23
申请号：US09367141
申请日：1999-10-28
申请人： Marek T. Wlodarczyk , Thomas J. Poorman
发明人： Marek T. Wlodarczyk , Thomas J. Poorman
IPC分类号： G01M1500
CPC分类号： F02M57/005 , F02D35/022 , F02D35/023 , F02D41/28 , F02D2200/0602 , F02M57/02 , F02M2200/24 , G01J5/08 , G01J5/0821 , G01J5/0846 , G01J5/0893 , G01K11/125 , G01K2205/00 , G01L9/0077 , G01L23/06 , G01L23/16 , G01L23/22 , G02B6/264 , G02B6/3552 , G02B6/3574 , G02B6/3594
摘要： Fuel injectors (10) for internal combustion engines are modified and equipped with fiber optic fuel pressure sensors (12) and fiber optic combustion pressure sensors (14). The combustion pressure sensors (14) are located in separate channels (26) formed in the fuel injectors with the lower portion (22) of the channels leading to the combustion chambers. Above the combustion pressure sensors (14) are fiber optic leads (24). In the preferred embodiments the sensors (46) are equipped with diaphragms (40) of novel shape (48) and employ multiple pairs of fibers (86, 88), temperature sensitive components (72, 74, 126) and novel compensation and status monitoring circuits (FIGS. 6, 9, 10, 14, 15, 18).
摘要翻译：用于内燃机的燃料喷射器（10）被修改并配备有光纤燃料压力传感器（12）和光纤燃烧压力传感器（14）。燃烧压力传感器（14）位于形成在燃料喷射器中的分离的通道（26）中，通道的下部（22）通向燃烧室。在燃烧压力传感器（14）上方是光纤引线（24）。在优选实施例中，传感器（46）配备有新颖形状（48）的膜片（40），并且使用多对纤维（86,88），温度敏感部件（72,74,126）和新的补偿和状态监测电路（图6，图9，图10，图14，图15，图18）。

2. 发明授权

US06131465A Fiber optic combustion pressure sensors for engine knock and misfire detection 失效
标题翻译：用于发动机爆震和失火检测的光纤燃烧压力传感器
公开(公告)号：US06131465A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-17
申请号：US155825
申请日：1999-03-17
申请人： Marek T. Wlodarczyk , Jerzy A Kabala , Andrzej Mendak
发明人： Marek T. Wlodarczyk , Jerzy A Kabala , Andrzej Mendak
IPC分类号： G01L7/08 , G01L9/00 , G01L23/16 , G01L23/22 , G01M15/08
CPC分类号： G01L23/16 , G01L23/22 , G01L23/221 , G01L9/0047 , G01L9/0077 , G01M15/08
摘要： Spark plug (20) integrated fiber optic combustion pressure sensors (30, 36) are configured to decrease heat and fatigue damage to the critical diaphragm (40) and fiber tip (37). A cup-shaped diaphragm (40) having non-uniform thickness reduces stress on the diaphragm and increases the reliability of the sensor. The effects of overpressure on the sensor are reduced by providing an angled portion (42) on the ferrule.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US96 / 04637。 371日期1999年3月17日 102（e）1999年3月17日PCT PCT 1996年4月3日PCT公布。公开号WO97 / 31251 日期1997年8月28日标准插头（20）集成的光纤燃烧压力传感器（30,36）被配置为减少对临界隔膜（40）和光纤尖端（37）的热和疲劳损伤。具有不均匀厚度的杯形隔膜（40）减小隔膜上的应力并增加传感器的可靠性。通过在套圈上设置倾斜部分（42）来减小对传感器的超压的影响。

3. 发明授权

US5422478A Fiberoptic pressure sensor having drift correction means for insitu calibration 失效
标题翻译：光纤压力传感器具有漂移校正装置，用于基准校准
公开(公告)号：US5422478A
公开(公告)日：1995-06-06
申请号：US314613
申请日：1994-09-28
申请人： Marek T. Wlodarczyk , David O. Danielson
发明人： Marek T. Wlodarczyk , David O. Danielson
IPC分类号： A61B5/0215 , G01L9/00 , G01L19/02 , G01L27/00 , G02B6/14 , G02B6/38 , H01J40/14
CPC分类号： A61B5/02154 , G01L19/02 , G01L27/005 , G01L9/0077 , G02B6/14 , G02B6/3845
摘要： An improved intensity-encoded fiber optic sensor incorporating novel drift correction and filtering means is disclosed. The first embodiments of the invention relate to means for removing unwanted higher-order core and cladding modes from an intensity-encoded signal in an optical fiber using mode strippers and mode filters located strategically at various points in the sensing system. The second set of improvements in the invention relate to an improved technique for long-term temporal drift cancellation in a fiber optic pressure sensor by periodically applying pressure to the sensor tip in order to ascertain the measured voltage at which the sensor diaphragm contacts other elements of the sensor. This measured voltage is subtracted from an initial calibration voltage, and the result is applied to the measured signal as a constant correction term.
摘要翻译：公开了一种结合新颖的漂移校正和滤波装置的改进的强度编码光纤传感器。本发明的第一实施例涉及用于使用模式剥离器和模式滤波器从光纤中的强度编码信号中去除不想要的高阶核心和包层模式的装置，其中策略地定位在感测系统中的各个点处。本发明的第二组改进涉及一种用于光纤压力传感器中的长期时间漂移消除的改进技术，其通过周期性地向传感器尖端施加压力，以便确定传感器隔膜接触到其它元件的测量电压传感器。从初始校准电压减去该测量电压，并将结果作为恒定校正项施加到测量信号。

4. 发明授权

US5421195A Fiber optic microbend sensor for engine knock and misfire detection 失效
标题翻译：用于发动机爆震和失火检测的光纤微弯传感器
公开(公告)号：US5421195A
公开(公告)日：1995-06-06
申请号：US87631
申请日：1993-07-01
申请人： Marek T. Wlodarczyk
发明人： Marek T. Wlodarczyk
IPC分类号： G01L1/24 , G01L23/16 , G01L23/22 , G01M15/08
CPC分类号： G01L23/16 , G01L1/245 , G01L23/221 , G01M15/08 , F02F2007/0063
摘要： A washer configuration fiber optic sensor comprising radial ridges in the cavity between the washer halves and an optical fiber spiralled to a terminating end within the cavity. The terminating end is mirrored and an optical filter is inserted in the fiber path adjacent the fiber entrance to the washer. Changing compression loads on the washer microbend the fiber and modulate the measuring light beam admired to the fiber and reflected back through the fiber. The optical filter is located in a connection between the washer and a transmitting fiber. The transmitting fiber both delivers light to the washer and collects light back from the washer. The connector is configured to deliver the measuring light beam to both the core and cladding of the fiber in the washer. However, the connector is configured to strip away the portion of the reflected light beam otherwise delivered to the cladding of the transmitting fiber. A reference light beam of differing wavelength is reflected by the filter. The overall result is enhanced discrimination over noise in the sensor.
摘要翻译：垫圈配置光纤传感器，其包括位于垫片半部之间的空腔中的径向脊和与该空腔内的终止端螺旋的光纤。端接端被镜像，并且光纤过滤器插入光纤路径中，邻近光纤入口到洗衣机。改变垫圈上的压缩载荷使纤维弯曲，并调制光纤的光束并通过光纤反射回来。滤光器位于垫圈和发射光纤之间的连接中。传输光纤将光传送到洗衣机，并从洗衣机收集光线。连接器被配置成将测量光束传递到垫圈中的纤维的芯和包层。然而，连接器被配置为剥离另外被传送到传输光纤的包层的反射光束的部分。不同波长的参考光束被过滤器反射。总体结果是增强了传感器噪声识别。

5. 发明授权

US4918305A Fiber optic pressure sensor using pressure sensitive fiber different from input and output fibers 失效
标题翻译：使用不同于输入和输出光纤的压敏光纤的光纤压力传感器
公开(公告)号：US4918305A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-17
申请号：US227041
申请日：1988-08-01
申请人： Marek T. Wlodarczyk , Mark K. Krage , Deborah J. Vickers
发明人： Marek T. Wlodarczyk , Mark K. Krage , Deborah J. Vickers
IPC分类号： G01L1/24
CPC分类号： G01L1/245
摘要： A microbend fiber optic pressure sensor includes a short length of sensing fiber comprising a fiber of a transparent dielectric material surrounded by a layer of aluminum or similar metal for which the real part of the complex permittivity is negative over a range of electromagnetic radiation wavelengths. The layer of aluminum is hermetically sealed to the transparent material. The sensing fiber receives light in the range of wavelengths and is subjected to microbends on the dielectric/aluminum boundary by pressure responsive mechanical apparatus for a much greater microbend light loss and therefore greater sensitivity than is obtained with similar sensors using an all glass core/cladding boundary. The sensing fiber may be an aluminum coated single mode fiber with a very small core and a large cladding layer in which the cladding modes are used and the core modes ignored or it may comprise a single glass fiber coated with aluminum. The sensing fiber is used only in the sensing region, with light coupled to one end from a light source and from the other end to a light detector through lower loss multimode optic fibers.
摘要翻译：微弯纤维光学压力传感器包括短长度的感测光纤，其包括由铝或类似金属层围绕的透明电介质材料的光纤，其中复电介质的实部在电磁辐射波长的范围内是负的。铝层与透明材料气密密封。感测光纤接收波长范围内的光，并通过压力响应性机械设备在电介质/铝边界上受到微弯曲，以获得更大的微弯损耗，因此比使用全玻璃芯/包层的类似传感器获得的灵敏度更高边界。感测纤维可以是具有非常小的芯和大的包覆层的铝涂覆的单模光纤，其中使用包层模式，并且忽略芯模，或者它可以包括涂覆有铝的单个玻璃纤维。感测光纤仅在感测区域中使用，光从光源耦合到一端，另一端通过较低损耗的多模光纤耦合到光检测器。

6. 发明授权

US07340118B2 Fuel injectors with integral fiber optic pressure sensors and associated compensation and status monitoring devices 失效
标题翻译：具有集成光纤压力传感器和相关补偿和状态监测装置的燃油喷射器
公开(公告)号：US07340118B2
公开(公告)日：2008-03-04
申请号：US10668056
申请日：2003-09-22
申请人： Marek T. Wlodarczyk , Thomas J. Poorman
发明人： Marek T. Wlodarczyk , Thomas J. Poorman
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , G01J1/42 , G01J1/04
CPC分类号： F02M57/005 , F02D35/022 , F02D35/023 , F02D41/28 , F02D2200/0602 , F02M57/02 , F02M2200/24 , G01J5/08 , G01J5/0821 , G01J5/0846 , G01J5/0893 , G01K11/125 , G01K2205/00 , G01L9/0077 , G01L23/06 , G01L23/16 , G01L23/22 , G02B6/264 , G02B6/3552 , G02B6/3574 , G02B6/3594
摘要： Fuel injectors (10) for internal combustion engines are modified and equipped with fiber optic fuel pressure sensors (12) and fiber optic combustion pressure sensors (14). The combustion pressure sensors (14) are located in separate channels (26) formed in the fuel injectors with the lower portion (22) of the channels leading to the combustion chambers. Above the combustion pressure sensors (14) are fiber optic leads (24). In the preferred embodiments the sensors (46) are equipped with diaphragms (40) of novel shape (48) and employ multiple pairs of fibers (86, 88), temperature sensitive components (72, 74, 126) and novel compensation and status monitoring circuits (FIGS. 6, 9, 10, 14, 15, 18).
摘要翻译：用于内燃机的燃料喷射器（10）被修改并配备有光纤燃料压力传感器（12）和光纤燃烧压力传感器（14）。燃烧压力传感器（14）位于形成在燃料喷射器中的分离的通道（26）中，通道的下部（22）通向燃烧室。在燃烧压力传感器（14）上方是光纤引线（24）。在优选实施例中，传感器（46）配备有新颖形状（48）的膜片（40），并且使用多对纤维（86,88），温度敏感部件（72,74,126）和新的补偿和状态监测电路（图6，图9，图10，图14，图15，图18）。

7. 发明授权

US07207214B1 Glow plug integrated pressure sensor 失效
标题翻译：辉光插头集成压力传感器
公开(公告)号：US07207214B1
公开(公告)日：2007-04-24
申请号：US11059920
申请日：2005-02-17
申请人： Marek T. Wlodarczyk
发明人： Marek T. Wlodarczyk
IPC分类号： G01M15/00
CPC分类号： G01L23/16 , G01L9/0077
摘要： A pressure-sensing element for an internal combustion engine is located in the sleeve of a ceramic glow plug heater having axial and radial pressure channels connecting the sensor diaphragm to the combustion chamber. The sensor signal conditioner is encapsulated in an automotive-type connector either directly attached to the glow plug body or located at the end of a cable pigtail containing the sensor fibers and the heater positive potential wire. A high temperature rated fiber optic pressure sensor capable of measuring either dynamic or absolute pressure is used. The absolute pressure sensor relies on three optical fibers combined in a common ferrule in the sensor head area and connected to one light source (LED) and two detectors (photodiodes) in the signal conditioner area. The fibers can either be identical by being spaced unequally in the ferrule or can have different diameters, numerical aperatures, or both, and be spaced equally or unequally. The fiber parameters or their spacing are selected to maximize the difference in the response of the “measurement” and “reference” detectors to changing pressure.
摘要翻译：用于内燃机的压力感测元件位于具有将传感器隔膜连接到燃烧室的轴向和径向压力通道的陶瓷预热塞加热器的套筒中。传感器信号调节器被封装在汽车型连接器中，其直接连接到电热塞主体或位于包含传感器光纤和加热器正电位线的电缆尾纤端部。使用能够测量动态或绝对压力的高温额定光纤压力传感器。绝对压力传感器依赖于三个光纤组合在传感器头部区域中的公共套圈中，并连接到信号调节器区域中的一个光源（LED）和两个检测器（光电二极管）。纤维可以通过在套圈中不相等的间隔相同，或者可以具有不同的直径，数值或两者，并且间隔均匀或不平等。选择光纤参数或它们的间距以最大化“测量”和“参考”检测器对变化压力的响应的差异。

8. 发明授权

US5385053A Fiber optic pressure sensor systems 失效
标题翻译：光纤压力传感器系统
公开(公告)号：US5385053A
公开(公告)日：1995-01-31
申请号：US132718
申请日：1993-10-06
申请人： Marek T. Wlodarczyk , Daniel Vokovich
发明人： Marek T. Wlodarczyk , Daniel Vokovich
IPC分类号： G01L11/00 , G01L9/00 , G01L11/02 , G01L19/04 , G01L23/16 , G08C23/04 , G08C25/00
CPC分类号： G01L11/02 , G01L23/16 , G01L9/0077
摘要： The invention is related to numerous improvements for fiber optic measuring systems, and principally those utilizing a deformable diaphragm for sensing pressure. One feature of the invention is particularly oriented to automotive engine combustion chamber pressure measurement. For that application, a sensing tip shielding technique is described using a sintered metal porous plug, which reduces temperature fluctuations experienced at the sensing tip and shields the sensing tip from corrosive materials. A technique for compensation of a fiber optic pressure sensor is also described. In that method, a referencing wavelength is partly reflected and partly transmitted past a filter coating at the sensing end of the optical filament. This technique of the sensor provides improved calibration.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及光纤测量系统的许多改进，并且主要涉及利用可变形隔膜来感测压力的那些。本发明的一个特征特别地取决于汽车发动机燃烧室压力测量。对于该应用，使用烧结金属多孔塞来描述感测尖端屏蔽技术，其减小了感测尖端处经历的温度波动，并且将感测尖端屏蔽腐蚀性材料。还描述了用于补偿光纤压力传感器的技术。在该方法中，参考波长被部分地反射并且部分地透射通过光纤的感测端处的过滤器涂层。传感器的这种技术提供了改进的校准。

9. 发明授权

US5280786A Fiberoptic blood pressure and oxygenation sensor 失效
标题翻译：光纤血压和氧合传感器
公开(公告)号：US5280786A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-25
申请号：US823143
申请日：1992-01-21
申请人： Marek T. Wlodarczyk , Charles D. Anderson , Daniel L. Vokovich
发明人： Marek T. Wlodarczyk , Charles D. Anderson , Daniel L. Vokovich
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , A61B5/0215 , A61B5/14
CPC分类号： A61B5/1459 , A61B5/02154
摘要： A fiberoptic based sensor for patient care use. The sensor includes a catheter placed transcutaneously into a blood vessel which is connected to an external measuring head. A sensing tip of the catheter includes a pressure sensing element and an oxygen saturation measuring element. Features of the invention include novel tip designs, measuring head features, and approaches for enhancing measurement though correlation of the saturation and pressure readings.
摘要翻译：一种基于光纤的传感器，用于患者护理。传感器包括经皮放置在与外部测量头连接的血管中的导管。导管的感测尖端包括压力感测元件和氧饱和度测量元件。本发明的特征包括新颖的尖端设计，测量头部特征以及通过饱和度和压力读数的相关性来增强测量的方法。

10. 发明授权

US4866269A Optical shaft position and speed sensor 失效
标题翻译：光轴位置和速度传感器
公开(公告)号：US4866269A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-12
申请号：US195760
申请日：1988-05-19
申请人： Marek T. Wlodarczyk , Dah-Lain Tang
发明人： Marek T. Wlodarczyk , Dah-Lain Tang
IPC分类号： F02D41/34 , F02P7/073 , G01D5/249 , G01P3/486 , G01P3/489
CPC分类号： F02D41/0097 , F02D41/009 , F02P7/073 , G01D5/2492 , G01P3/486 , G01P3/489
摘要： A fiber optic detector head senses a light reflective or transmissive pattern on an encoder disk rotated by an engine shaft. The pattern results in four different light levels which are translated by a detector into an electrical pulse train having four different voltages including a reference or background voltage. One light level is reserved for an index mark, another level for cylinder position marks and still another level for finer measurement of position and speed between the cylinder marks. Patterns encoded into the single pulse train are decoded by a microprocessor to provide specific engine cylinder position information as well as engine speed information.
摘要翻译：光纤检测器头感测由发动机轴旋转的编码器盘上的光反射或透射图案。该图案导致由检测器转换成具有包括参考或背景电压的四个不同电压的电脉冲串的四个不同的光级。保留一个指示标记的光级别，另一个级别用于气缸位置标记，另一个级别用于精确测量气缸标记之间的位置和速度。编码到单个脉冲串中的模式由微处理器解码以提供特定的发动机气缸位置信息以及发动机速度信息。

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