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1. 发明授权

US08561061B2 Adaptive dynamic selection and application of multiple virtualization techniques 有权
标题翻译：自适应动态选择和应用多种虚拟化技术
公开(公告)号：US08561061B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-15
申请号：US12152517
申请日：2008-05-14
申请人： Keith M. Adams , Jeffrey W. Sheldon , Vyacheslav V. Malyugin
发明人： Keith M. Adams , Jeffrey W. Sheldon , Vyacheslav V. Malyugin
IPC分类号： G06F9/455
CPC分类号： G06F9/45558 , G06F9/45533 , G06F2009/45566 , G06F2009/45583 , G06F2009/45591
摘要： Autonomous selection between multiple virtualization techniques implemented in a virtualization layer of a virtualized computer system. The virtual machine monitor implements multiple virtualization support processors that each provide for the comprehensive handling of potential virtualization exceptions. A virtual machine monitor resident virtualization selection control is operable to select between use of first and second virtualization support processors dependent on identifying a predetermined pattern of temporally local privilege dependent instructions within a portion of an instruction stream as encountered in the execution of a guest operating system.
摘要翻译：在虚拟化计算机系统的虚拟化层中实现的多个虚拟化技术之间的自主选择。虚拟机监视器实现多个虚拟化支持处理器，每个虚拟化支持处理器都可以全面处理潜在的虚拟化异常。虚拟机监视器驻留虚拟化选择控制可操作以在使用第一和第二虚拟化支持处理器之间进行选择，这取决于在客户机操作系统的执行中遇到的指令流的一部分内识别时间上依赖于本地特权依赖指令的预定模式。

2. 发明申请

US20110131372A1 OPTIMIZING SEGMENT ACCESS IN BINARY TRANSLATION 有权
标题翻译：在二进制翻译中优化部门访问
公开(公告)号：US20110131372A1
公开(公告)日：2011-06-02
申请号：US12629682
申请日：2009-12-02
申请人： Ross Charles KNIPPEL , Jeffrey W. SHELDON , Ole AGESEN
发明人： Ross Charles KNIPPEL , Jeffrey W. SHELDON , Ole AGESEN
IPC分类号： G06F12/08
CPC分类号： G06F9/45516 , G06F9/45558 , G06F2009/45583
摘要： A mechanism for a binary translator to emit code that will pre-generate information about a memory segment when a segment selector is assigned to a segment register. The binary translator emits code that will be executed when a memory access using that segment register is encountered and the emitted code will access the pre-generated information when evaluating the memory access request. Memory accesses, where a number of bytes being accessed is less than or equal to a predetermined value, are validated with a minimal number of steps in the code emitted by the binary translator.
摘要翻译：一种二进制转换器发出代码的机制，当段选择器被分配给段寄存器时，该代码将预先生成关于存储器段的信息。二进制翻译器发出将在遇到使用该段寄存器的存储器访问时执行的代码，并且当评估存储器访问请求时，发出的代码将访问预生成的信息。存储器访问，其中访问的字节数小于或等于预定值，以二进制翻译器发出的代码中的最小步数进行验证。

3. 发明授权

US09459895B2 Virtual machine fault tolerance 有权
标题翻译：虚拟机容错
公开(公告)号：US09459895B2
公开(公告)日：2016-10-04
申请号：US13471616
申请日：2012-05-15
申请人： Ganesh Venkitachalam , Rohit Jain , Boris Weissman , Daniel J. Scales , Vyacheslav Malyugin , Jeffrey W. Sheldon , Min Xu
发明人： Ganesh Venkitachalam , Rohit Jain , Boris Weissman , Daniel J. Scales , Vyacheslav Malyugin , Jeffrey W. Sheldon , Min Xu
IPC分类号： G06F9/455 , G06F11/07
CPC分类号： G06F11/1658 , G06F9/45533 , G06F9/45558 , G06F9/4881 , G06F11/0712 , G06F11/0766 , G06F11/079 , G06F2009/45579 , G06F2009/45591 , G06F2201/805 , G06F2201/815 , G06F2201/82
摘要： In a computer system running at least a first virtual machine (VM) and a second VM on virtualization software, a computer implemented method for the second VM to provide quasi-lockstep fault tolerance for the first VM. The method includes enabling operations of the second VM to diverge from being in lockstep with operations with the first VM without resynchronizing the second VM with the first VM, if output of the second VM is not diverging from output of the first VM. The output of the second VM is compared with the output of the first VM to determine whether the output of the second VM has diverged from the output of the first VM. In response to a determination that the output of the second VM has diverged from the output of the first VM, a resynchronization of the second VM is executed.
摘要翻译：在运行虚拟化软件上的至少第一虚拟机（VM）和第二虚拟机的计算机系统中，用于所述第二虚拟机为所述第一虚拟机提供准锁步骤容错的计算机实现的方法。该方法包括如果第二VM的输出不与第一VM的输出分离，则第二VM的启用操作使得与第一VM的操作不同步，而不与第一VM重新同步第二VM。将第二VM的输出与第一VM的输出进行比较，以确定第二个VM的输出是否与第一个VM的输出分离。响应于确定第二VM的输出已经从第一VM的输出分离，执行第二VM的重新同步。

4. 发明授权

US07487313B1 Restricting memory access to protect data when sharing a common address space 有权
公开(公告)号：US07487313B1
公开(公告)日：2009-02-03
申请号：US11865635
申请日：2007-10-01
申请人： Ole Agesen , Jeffrey W. Sheldon
发明人： Ole Agesen , Jeffrey W. Sheldon
IPC分类号： G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F12/1036 , G06F12/1475 , G06F2212/656
摘要： A first software entity occupies a portion of a linear address space of a second software entity and prevents the second software entity from accessing the memory of the first software entity. For example, in one embodiment of the invention, the first software entity is a virtual machine monitor (VMM), which supports a virtual machine (VM), the second software entity. The VMM sometimes directly executes guest instructions from the VM and, at other times, the VMM executes binary translated instructions derived from guest instructions. When executing binary translated instructions, the VMM uses memory segmentation to protect its memory. When directly executing guest instructions, the VMM may use either memory segmentation or a memory paging mechanism to protect its memory. When the memory paging mechanism is active during direct execution, the protection from the memory segmentation mechanism may be selectively deactivated to improve the efficiency of the virtual computer system.

5. 发明申请

US20080288940A1 Dynamic Selection and Application of Multiple Virtualization Techniques 有权
标题翻译：多虚拟化技术的动态选择与应用
公开(公告)号：US20080288940A1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-20
申请号：US12057191
申请日：2008-03-27
申请人： Keith M. Adams , Jeffrey W. Sheldon
发明人： Keith M. Adams , Jeffrey W. Sheldon
IPC分类号： G06F9/46
CPC分类号： G06F9/45504 , G06F9/45558 , G06F11/3414 , G06F11/3419 , G06F11/3447 , G06F11/3476 , G06F2009/45566 , G06F2201/815
摘要： Autonomous selection between multiple virtualization techniques implemented in a virtualization layer of a virtualized computer system. The virtual machine monitor implements multiple virtualization support subsystems that each provide for the comprehensive handling of potential virtualization exceptions. A virtual machine monitor resident performance monitor computes relative virtualization overhead costs that are and would be incurred in using different virtualization support subsystems for virtualization exceptions that occur in executing a guest operating system within a defined interval. Dependent on the relative virtualization overhead costs determined, the virtual machine monitor resident virtualization selection control switches the virtual machine monitor to use the optimal virtualization support subsystem for handling virtualization exceptions that occur over a second defined interval.
摘要翻译：在虚拟化计算机系统的虚拟化层中实现的多个虚拟化技术之间的自主选择。虚拟机监视器实现多个虚拟化支持子系统，每个虚拟化支持子系统都可以全面处理潜在的虚拟化异常。虚拟机监视器驻留性能监视器计算在使用不同的虚拟化支持子系统以在定义的间隔内执行客户机操作系统时发生的虚拟化异常所引起并将会引起的相对虚拟化开销成本。依赖于确定的相对虚拟化开销成本，虚拟机监视器驻留虚拟化选择控制切换虚拟机监视器以使用最佳虚拟化支持子系统来处理在第二个定义的间隔内发生的虚拟化异常。

6. 发明授权

US07278030B1 Virtualization system for computers having multiple protection mechanisms 有权
标题翻译：具有多重保护机制的计算机的虚拟化系统
公开(公告)号：US07278030B1
公开(公告)日：2007-10-02
申请号：US10378126
申请日：2003-03-03
申请人： Xiaoxin Chen , Alberto J. Munoz , Jeffrey W. Sheldon
发明人： Xiaoxin Chen , Alberto J. Munoz , Jeffrey W. Sheldon
IPC分类号： G06F11/30 , G06F12/14
CPC分类号： G06F12/1466 , G06F9/45537
摘要： In a virtual computer system, the invention virtualizes a primary protection mechanism, which restricts memory accesses based on the type of access attempted and a current hardware privilege level, using a secondary protection mechanism, which is independent of the hardware privilege level. The invention may be used to virtualize the protection mechanisms of the Intel IA-64 architecture. In this embodiment, virtual access rights settings in a virtual TLB are translated into shadow access rights settings in a hardware TLB, while virtual protection key settings in a virtual PKR cache are translated into shadow protection key settings in a hardware PKR cache, based in part on the virtual access rights settings. The shadow protection key settings are dependent on the guest privilege level, but the shadow access rights settings are not.
摘要翻译：在虚拟计算机系统中，本发明使用独立于硬件特权级别的次级保护机制来虚拟化主保护机制，其基于尝试的访问类型和当前硬件特权级别来限制存储器访问。本发明可以用于虚拟化Intel IA-64架构的保护机制。在该实施例中，虚拟TLB中的虚拟访问权限设置被转换为硬件TLB中的影子访问权限设置，而虚拟PKR高速缓存中的虚拟保护密钥设置被部分地转换为硬件PKR高速缓存中的影子保护密钥设置对虚拟访问权限设置。影子保护键设置取决于访客权限级别，但影子访问权限设置不是。

7. 发明授权

US07277998B1 Restricting memory access to protect data when sharing a common address space 有权
标题翻译：限制内存访问以在共享公共地址空间时保护数据
公开(公告)号：US07277998B1
公开(公告)日：2007-10-02
申请号：US10917732
申请日：2004-08-12
申请人： Ole Agesen , Jeffrey W. Sheldon
发明人： Ole Agesen , Jeffrey W. Sheldon
IPC分类号： G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F12/1036 , G06F12/1475 , G06F2212/656
摘要： A first software entity occupies a portion of a linear address space of a second software entity and prevents the second software entity from accessing the memory of the first software entity. For example, in one embodiment of the invention, the first software entity is a virtual machine monitor (VMM), which supports a virtual machine (VM), the second software entity. The VMM sometimes directly executes guest instructions from the VM and, at other times, the VMM executes binary translated instructions derived from guest instructions. When executing binary translated instructions, the VMM uses memory segmentation to protect its memory. When directly executing guest instructions, the VMM may use either memory segmentation or a memory paging mechanism to protect its memory. When the memory paging mechanism is active during direct execution, the protection from the memory segmentation mechanism may be selectively deactivated to improve the efficiency of the virtual computer system.
摘要翻译：第一软件实体占用第二软件实体的线性地址空间的一部分，并且防止第二软件实体访问第一软件实体的存储器。例如，在本发明的一个实施例中，第一软件实体是支持虚拟机（VM）的第二软件实体的虚拟机监视器（VMM）。 VMM有时直接从VM执行访客指令，而在其他时候，VMM执行从访客指令导出的二进制翻译指令。当执行二进制转换指令时，VMM使用存储器分段来保护其内存。当直接执行访客指令时，VMM可以使用存储器分段或存储器寻呼机制来保护其存储器。当存储器分页机制在直接执行期间有效时，可以选择性地停止对存储器分段机制的保护，以提高虚拟计算机系统的效率。

8. 发明授权

US08479195B2 Dynamic selection and application of multiple virtualization techniques 有权
标题翻译：动态选择和应用多种虚拟化技术
公开(公告)号：US08479195B2
公开(公告)日：2013-07-02
申请号：US12057191
申请日：2008-03-27
申请人： Keith M. Adams , Jeffrey W. Sheldon
发明人： Keith M. Adams , Jeffrey W. Sheldon
IPC分类号： G06F9/455
CPC分类号： G06F9/45504 , G06F9/45558 , G06F11/3414 , G06F11/3419 , G06F11/3447 , G06F11/3476 , G06F2009/45566 , G06F2201/815
摘要： Autonomous selection between multiple virtualization techniques implemented in a virtualization layer of a virtualized computer system. The virtual machine monitor implements multiple virtualization support subsystems that each provide for the comprehensive handling of potential virtualization exceptions. A virtual machine monitor resident performance monitor computes relative virtualization overhead costs that are and would be incurred in using different virtualization support subsystems for virtualization exceptions that occur in executing a guest operating system within a defined interval. Dependent on the relative virtualization overhead costs determined, the virtual machine monitor resident virtualization selection control switches the virtual machine monitor to use the optimal virtualization support subsystem for handling virtualization exceptions that occur over a second defined interval.
摘要翻译：在虚拟化计算机系统的虚拟化层中实现的多个虚拟化技术之间的自主选择。虚拟机监视器实现多个虚拟化支持子系统，每个虚拟化支持子系统都可以全面处理潜在的虚拟化异常。虚拟机监视器驻留性能监视器计算在使用不同的虚拟化支持子系统以在定义的间隔内执行客户机操作系统时发生的虚拟化异常所引起并将会引起的相对虚拟化开销成本。依赖于确定的相对虚拟化开销成本，虚拟机监视器驻留虚拟化选择控制切换虚拟机监视器以使用最佳虚拟化支持子系统来处理在第二个定义的间隔内发生的虚拟化异常。

9. 发明申请

US20120284714A1 VIRTUAL MACHINE FAULT TOLERANCE 审中-公开
标题翻译：虚拟机故障容错
公开(公告)号：US20120284714A1
公开(公告)日：2012-11-08
申请号：US13471616
申请日：2012-05-15
申请人： Ganesh VENKITACHALAM , Rohit JAIN , Boris WEISSMAN , Daniel J. SCALES , Vyacheslav MALYUGIN , Jeffrey W. SHELDON , Min XU
发明人： Ganesh VENKITACHALAM , Rohit JAIN , Boris WEISSMAN , Daniel J. SCALES , Vyacheslav MALYUGIN , Jeffrey W. SHELDON , Min XU
IPC分类号： G06F9/455
CPC分类号： G06F11/1658 , G06F9/45533 , G06F9/45558 , G06F9/4881 , G06F11/0712 , G06F11/0766 , G06F11/079 , G06F2009/45579 , G06F2009/45591 , G06F2201/805 , G06F2201/815 , G06F2201/82
摘要： In a computer system running at least a first virtual machine (VM) and a second VM on virtualization software, a computer implemented method for the second VM to provide quasi-lockstep fault tolerance for the first VM. The method includes enabling operations of the second VM to diverge from being in lockstep with operations with the first VM without resynchronizing the second VM with the first VM, if output of the second VM is not diverging from output of the first VM. The output of the second VM is compared with the output of the first VM to determine whether the output of the second VM has diverged from the output of the first VM. In response to a determination that the output of the second VM has diverged from the output of the first VM, a resynchronization of the second VM is executed.
摘要翻译：在运行虚拟化软件上的至少第一虚拟机（VM）和第二虚拟机的计算机系统中，用于所述第二虚拟机为所述第一虚拟机提供准锁步骤容错的计算机实现的方法。该方法包括如果第二VM的输出不与第一VM的输出分离，则第二VM的启用操作使得与第一VM的操作不同步，而不与第一VM重新同步第二VM。将第二VM的输出与第一VM的输出进行比较，以确定第二个VM的输出是否与第一个VM的输出分离。响应于确定第二VM的输出已经从第一VM的输出分离，执行第二VM的重新同步。

10. 发明授权

US07487314B1 Restricting memory access to protect data when sharing a common address space 有权
公开(公告)号：US07487314B1
公开(公告)日：2009-02-03
申请号：US11865658
申请日：2007-10-01
申请人： Ole Agesen , Jeffrey W. Sheldon
发明人： Ole Agesen , Jeffrey W. Sheldon
IPC分类号： G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F12/1027 , G06F12/1475 , G06F2212/656
摘要： A first software entity occupies a portion of a linear address space of a second software entity and prevents the second software entity from accessing the memory of the first software entity. For example, in one embodiment of the invention, the first software entity is a virtual machine monitor (VMM), which supports a virtual machine (VM), the second software entity. The VMM sometimes directly executes guest instructions from the VM and, at other times, the VMM executes binary translated instructions derived from guest instructions. When executing binary translated instructions, the VMM uses memory segmentation to protect its memory. When directly executing guest instructions, the VMM may use either memory segmentation or a memory paging mechanism to protect its memory. When the memory paging mechanism is active during direct execution, the protection from the memory segmentation mechanism may be selectively deactivated to improve the efficiency of the virtual computer system.

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