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1. 发明授权

US08943259B2 Relieving memory pressure in a host using database memory management 有权
标题翻译：使用数据库内存管理减轻主机中的内存压力
公开(公告)号：US08943259B2
公开(公告)日：2015-01-27
申请号：US12946971
申请日：2010-11-16
申请人： Boris Weissman , Aleksandr V. Mirgorodskiy , Ganesh Venkitachalam , Feng Tian
发明人： Boris Weissman , Aleksandr V. Mirgorodskiy , Ganesh Venkitachalam , Feng Tian
IPC分类号： G06F9/455 , G06F12/02 , G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F9/45558 , G06F12/023 , G06F17/3048 , G06F2009/45583 , G06F2212/151 , G06F2212/163
摘要： Memory of a database management system (DBMS) that is running in a virtual machine is managed using techniques that integrate DBMS memory management with virtual machine memory management. Because of the integration, the effectiveness of DBMS memory management is preserved even though the physical memory allocated to the virtual machine may change during runtime as a result of varying memory demands of other applications, e.g., instances of other virtual machines, running on the same host computer as the virtual machine.
摘要翻译：使用将DBMS内存管理与虚拟机内存管理集成的技术来管理在虚拟机中运行的数据库管理系统（DBMS）的内存。由于集成，即使分配给虚拟机的物理内存可能在运行时间内由于其他应用程序的不同内存需求（例如，运行在其上的其他虚拟机的实例）的结果而改变，DBMS内存管理的有效性也将保持不变主机作为虚拟机。

2. 发明授权

US08832682B2 Trace collection for a virtual machine 有权
标题翻译：虚拟机的跟踪收集
公开(公告)号：US08832682B2
公开(公告)日：2014-09-09
申请号：US12058545
申请日：2008-03-28
申请人： Min Xu , Vyacheslav V. Malyugin , Jeffrey W. Sheldon , Ganesh Venkitachalam , Boris Weissman
发明人： Min Xu , Vyacheslav V. Malyugin , Jeffrey W. Sheldon , Ganesh Venkitachalam , Boris Weissman
IPC分类号： G06F9/455
CPC分类号： G06F9/45533 , G06F9/45558 , G06F2009/45591
摘要： One embodiment is a computer-implemented method of trace collection for a virtual machine that includes: executing a sequence of instructions from an initial state of the virtual machine; accessing an event log of data relating to nondeterministic events, which data includes an execution point; making at least a portion of the data available to the virtual machine when the sequence reaches the execution point; collecting trace information in response to expansion parameters; and storing the trace information in a trace file.
摘要翻译：一个实施例是用于虚拟机的跟踪收集的计算机实现的方法，包括：从虚拟机的初始状态执行指令序列; 访问与非确定性事件有关的数据的事件日志，所述数据包括执行点; 当所述序列到达所述执行点时，使所述数据的至少一部分可用于所述虚拟机; 根据扩展参数收集跟踪信息; 并将跟踪信息存储在跟踪文件中。

3. 发明授权

US08549241B2 Method and system for frequent checkpointing 有权
公开(公告)号：US08549241B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-01
申请号：US12683288
申请日：2010-01-06
申请人： Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson
发明人： Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson
IPC分类号： G06F12/16
CPC分类号： G06F11/2023 , G06F11/1438 , G06F11/1484 , G06F11/2097 , G06F2201/84
摘要： A virtualization platform provides fault tolerance for a primary virtual machine by continuously transmitting checkpoint information of the primary virtual machine to a collector process, such as a backup virtual machine. When implemented on a hardware platform comprising a multi-processor that supports nested page tables, the virtualization platform leverages the nested page table support to quickly identify memory pages that have been modified between checkpoints. The backup virtual machine provides feedback information to assist the virtualization platform in identifying candidate memory pages for transmitting actual modifications to the memory pages rather than the entire memory page as part of the checkpoint information. The virtualization platform further maintains a modification history data structure to identify memory pages that can be transmitted simultaneous with the execution of the primary virtual machine rather than while the primary virtual machine has been stunned.

4. 发明授权

US08321842B2 Replay time only functionalities in a virtual machine 有权
标题翻译：仅在虚拟机中重放时间功能
公开(公告)号：US08321842B2
公开(公告)日：2012-11-27
申请号：US12163513
申请日：2008-06-27
申请人： Min Xu , Dmitry Grinberg , Vyacheslav Malyugin , Petr Vandrovec , Ganesh Venkitachalam , Boris Weissman , Andrew Biggadike , James Chow
发明人： Min Xu , Dmitry Grinberg , Vyacheslav Malyugin , Petr Vandrovec , Ganesh Venkitachalam , Boris Weissman , Andrew Biggadike , James Chow
IPC分类号： G06F9/44 , G06F9/455
CPC分类号： G06F11/3664 , G06F9/4418 , G06F11/3624
摘要： Replay-time-only functionalities in a computer program are executed only during replay in a virtual machine and are skipped outside of replay. If a replay-time-only functionality is detected during the replay of a program execution in a virtual machine, the replay may be paused and the virtual machine state may be saved. The replay-time-only core functionality is executed. When this execution is complete, a prior state of the virtual machine may be restored and the replay may be resumed.
摘要翻译：仅在虚拟机中重放时才执行计算机程序中的仅重播功能，并在重播之外跳过。如果在重放虚拟机中的程序执行期间检测到仅播放时间功能，则可以暂停重放并且可以保存虚拟机状态。重播时间核心功能被执行。当该执行完成时，可以恢复虚拟机的先前状态并且可以恢复重放。

5. 发明授权

US08201169B2 Virtual machine fault tolerance 有权
标题翻译：虚拟机容错
公开(公告)号：US08201169B2
公开(公告)日：2012-06-12
申请号：US12484640
申请日：2009-06-15
申请人： Ganesh Venkitachalam , Rohit Jain , Boris Weissman , Daniel J. Scales , Vyacheslav Malyugin , Jeffrey W. Sheldon , Min Xu
发明人： Ganesh Venkitachalam , Rohit Jain , Boris Weissman , Daniel J. Scales , Vyacheslav Malyugin , Jeffrey W. Sheldon , Min Xu
IPC分类号： G06F9/455 , G06F9/46 , G06F11/00
CPC分类号： G06F11/1658 , G06F9/45533 , G06F9/45558 , G06F9/4881 , G06F11/0712 , G06F11/0766 , G06F11/079 , G06F2009/45579 , G06F2009/45591 , G06F2201/805 , G06F2201/815 , G06F2201/82
摘要： In a computer system running a primary virtual machine (VM) on virtualization software on a primary virtualized computer system (VCS) and running a secondary VM on virtualization software on a secondary VCS, a method for the secondary VM to provide quasi-lockstep fault tolerance for the primary VM includes: as the primary VM is executing a workload, virtualization software in the primary VCS is: (a) causing predetermined events to be recorded in an event log, (b) keeping output associated with the predetermined events pending, and (c) sending the log entries to the virtualization software in the secondary VCS; as the secondary VM is replaying the workload, virtualization software in the secondary VCS is: (a) sending acknowledgements indicating that log entries have been received; (b) when the virtualization software encounters one of the predetermined events, searching the log entries to determine whether a log entry corresponding to the same event was received from the primary VCS, and if so, comparing data associated with the predetermined event produced by the secondary VM with that of the primary VM; if there is a match, the virtualization software in the secondary VCS transmitting an acknowledgement to the virtualization software in the primary VCS; one of the virtualization software in the primary or secondary VCS dropping the event and the other dispatching the output; and if there is no match, performing a checkpoint resynchronization.
摘要翻译：在主虚拟化计算机系统（VCS）上的虚拟化软件上运行主虚拟机（VM）并在辅助VCS上运行虚拟化软件上的辅助虚拟机的计算机系统中，辅助虚拟机提供准锁步骤容错对于主虚拟机包括：当主虚拟机正在执行工作负载时，主VCS中的虚拟化软件是：（a）使事件日志中记录预定事件，（b）保持与预定事件挂起的输出挂起，以及（c）将日志条目发送到二级VCS中的虚拟化软件; 当辅助虚拟机正在重播工作负载时，辅助VCS中的虚拟化软件是：（a）发送指示已经接收到日志条目的确认; （b）当虚拟化软件遇到预定事件之一时，搜索日志条目以确定是否从主VCS接收到与同一事件相对应的日志条目，如果是，则将与由该VCS生成的预定事件相关联的数据进行比较辅助虚拟机与主虚拟机的辅助虚拟机; 如果存在匹配，则次级VCS中的虚拟化软件向主VCS中的虚拟化软件发送确认; 主要或次要VCS中的虚拟化软件之一放弃事件，另一个调度输出; 如果没有匹配，则执行检查点重新同步。

6. 发明申请

US20110167195A1 Method and System for Frequent Checkpointing 有权
公开(公告)号：US20110167195A1
公开(公告)日：2011-07-07
申请号：US12683278
申请日：2010-01-06
申请人： Daniel J. SCALES , Pratap SUBRAHMANYAM , Ganesh VENKITACHALAM , Michael NELSON
发明人： Daniel J. SCALES , Pratap SUBRAHMANYAM , Ganesh VENKITACHALAM , Michael NELSON
IPC分类号： G06F12/08 , G06F9/455
CPC分类号： G06F11/1407 , G06F9/45558 , G06F11/1484 , G06F11/2038 , G06F11/2048 , G06F11/2097 , G06F2009/45583
摘要： A virtualization platform provides fault tolerance for a primary virtual machine by continuously transmitting checkpoint information of the primary virtual machine to a collector process, such as a backup virtual machine. When implemented on a hardware platform comprising a multi-processor that supports nested page tables, the virtualization platform leverages the nested page table support to quickly identify memory pages that have been modified between checkpoints. The backup virtual machine provides feedback information to assist the virtualization platform in identifying candidate memory pages for transmitting actual modifications to the memory pages rather than the entire memory page as part of the checkpoint information. The virtualization platform further maintains a modification history data structure to identify memory pages that can be transmitted simultaneous with the execution of the primary virtual machine rather than while the primary virtual machine has been stunned.

7. 发明申请

US20100318991A1 Virtual Machine Fault Tolerance 有权
标题翻译：虚拟机容错
公开(公告)号：US20100318991A1
公开(公告)日：2010-12-16
申请号：US12484640
申请日：2009-06-15
申请人： Ganesh VENKITACHALAM , Rohit JAIN , Boris WEISSMAN , Daniel J. SCALES , Vyacheslav MALYUGIN , Jeffrey W. SHELDON , Min XU
发明人： Ganesh VENKITACHALAM , Rohit JAIN , Boris WEISSMAN , Daniel J. SCALES , Vyacheslav MALYUGIN , Jeffrey W. SHELDON , Min XU
IPC分类号： G06F9/455
CPC分类号： G06F11/1658 , G06F9/45533 , G06F9/45558 , G06F9/4881 , G06F11/0712 , G06F11/0766 , G06F11/079 , G06F2009/45579 , G06F2009/45591 , G06F2201/805 , G06F2201/815 , G06F2201/82
摘要： In a computer system running a primary virtual machine (VM) on virtualization software on a primary virtualized computer system (VCS) and running a secondary VM on virtualization software on a secondary VCS, a method for the secondary VM to provide quasi-lockstep fault tolerance for the primary VM includes: as the primary VM is executing a workload, virtualization software in the primary VCS is: (a) causing predetermined events to be recorded in an event log, (b) keeping output associated with the predetermined events pending, and (c) sending the log entries to the virtualization software in the secondary VCS; as the secondary VM is replaying the workload, virtualization software in the secondary VCS is: (a) sending acknowledgements indicating that log entries have been received; (b) when the virtualization software encounters one of the predetermined events, searching the log entries to determine whether a log entry corresponding to the same event was received from the primary VCS, and if so, comparing data associated with the predetermined event produced by the secondary VM with that of the primary VM; if there is a match, the virtualization software in the secondary VCS transmitting an acknowledgement to the virtualization software in the primary VCS; one of the virtualization software in the primary or secondary VCS dropping the event and the other dispatching the output; and if there is no match, performing a checkpoint resynchronization.
摘要翻译：在主虚拟化计算机系统（VCS）上的虚拟化软件上运行主虚拟机（VM）并在辅助VCS上运行虚拟化软件上的辅助虚拟机的计算机系统中，辅助虚拟机提供准锁步骤容错对于主虚拟机包括：当主虚拟机正在执行工作负载时，主VCS中的虚拟化软件是：（a）使事件日志中记录预定事件，（b）保持与预定事件挂起的输出挂起，以及（c）将日志条目发送到二级VCS中的虚拟化软件; 当辅助虚拟机正在重播工作负载时，辅助VCS中的虚拟化软件是：（a）发送指示已经接收到日志条目的确认; （b）当虚拟化软件遇到预定事件之一时，搜索日志条目以确定是否从主VCS接收到与同一事件相对应的日志条目，如果是，则将与由该VCS生成的预定事件相关联的数据进行比较辅助虚拟机与主虚拟机的辅助虚拟机; 如果存在匹配，则次级VCS中的虚拟化软件向主VCS中的虚拟化软件发送确认; 主要或次要VCS中的虚拟化软件之一放弃事件，另一个调度输出; 如果没有匹配，则执行检查点重新同步。

8. 发明申请

US20090248611A1 Trace Collection for a Virtual Machine 有权
标题翻译：虚拟机的跟踪收集
公开(公告)号：US20090248611A1
公开(公告)日：2009-10-01
申请号：US12058545
申请日：2008-03-28
申请人： Min Xu , Vyacheslav V. Malyugin , Jeffrey W. Sheldon , Ganesh Venkitachalam , Boris Weissman
发明人： Min Xu , Vyacheslav V. Malyugin , Jeffrey W. Sheldon , Ganesh Venkitachalam , Boris Weissman
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F9/45533 , G06F9/45558 , G06F2009/45591
摘要： One embodiment is a computer-implemented method of trace collection for a virtual machine that includes: executing a sequence of instructions from an initial state of the virtual machine; accessing an event log of data relating to nondeterministic events, which data includes an execution point; making at least a portion of the data available to the virtual machine when the sequence reaches the execution point; collecting trace information in response to expansion parameters; and storing the trace information in a trace file.
摘要翻译：一个实施例是用于虚拟机的跟踪收集的计算机实现的方法，包括：从虚拟机的初始状态执行指令序列; 访问与非确定性事件有关的数据的事件日志，所述数据包括执行点; 当所述序列到达所述执行点时，使所述数据的至少一部分可用于所述虚拟机; 根据扩展参数收集跟踪信息; 并将跟踪信息存储在跟踪文件中。

9. 发明授权

US07500048B1 Transparent page sharing on commodity operating systems 有权
标题翻译：商品操作系统上的透明页面共享
公开(公告)号：US07500048B1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-03
申请号：US11525764
申请日：2006-09-22
申请人： Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Cohen
发明人： Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Cohen
IPC分类号： G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F12/1036 , G06F12/109 , G06F2212/1016 , G06F2212/656
摘要： Methods and systems for sharing memory pages in virtual machines are described. Guest memory pages are identified as candidate memory pages. The candidate memory pages are hashed and the hash results of the candidate memory pages are compared. A determination is made on whether a hash match exists between a first candidate memory page and a second candidate memory page. If it is determined that a hash match exists, an anonymous memory page that includes the information of candidate memory pages is created and shared. As a result, embodiments effectively reduce memory overheads by, in one example, exposing a single anonymous memory page to multiple virtual machines.
摘要翻译：描述了在虚拟机中共享内存页的方法和系统。访客记忆页被标识为候选记忆页。将候选存储器页面进行散列，并比较候选存储器页面的散列结果。确定在第一候选存储器页面和第二候选存储器页面之间是否存在哈希匹配。如果确定存在哈希匹配，则创建并共享包括候选存储器页面的信息的匿名存储器页面。结果，实施例通过在一个示例中将单个匿名存储器页面暴露给多个虚拟机来有效地减少存储器开销。

10. 发明授权

US08661213B2 Method and system for frequent checkpointing 有权
标题翻译：频繁检查点的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US08661213B2
公开(公告)日：2014-02-25
申请号：US12683278
申请日：2010-01-06
申请人： Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson
发明人： Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson
IPC分类号： G06F12/16
CPC分类号： G06F11/1407 , G06F9/45558 , G06F11/1484 , G06F11/2038 , G06F11/2048 , G06F11/2097 , G06F2009/45583
摘要： A virtualization platform provides fault tolerance for a primary virtual machine by continuously transmitting checkpoint information of the primary virtual machine to a collector process, such as a backup virtual machine. When implemented on a hardware platform comprising a multi-processor that supports nested page tables, the virtualization platform leverages the nested page table support to quickly identify memory pages that have been modified between checkpoints. The backup virtual machine provides feedback information to assist the virtualization platform in identifying candidate memory pages for transmitting actual modifications to the memory pages rather than the entire memory page as part of the checkpoint information. The virtualization platform further maintains a modification history data structure to identify memory pages that can be transmitted simultaneous with the execution of the primary virtual machine rather than while the primary virtual machine has been stunned.
摘要翻译：虚拟化平台通过将主虚拟机的检查点信息连续传送到诸如备份虚拟机的收集器进程来为主虚拟机提供容错。当在包含支持嵌套页表的多处理器的硬件平台上实现时，虚拟化平台利用嵌套页表支持来快速识别在检查点之间已经被修改的内存页。备份虚拟机提供反馈信息，以帮助虚拟化平台识别用于发送对存储器页的实际修改的候选存储器页，而不是作为检查点信息的一部分的整个存储器页。虚拟化平台还维护修改历史数据结构，以识别可以与主虚拟机的执行同时发送的存储器页面，而不是在主虚拟机被击晕时。

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