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1. 发明申请

US20130294987A1 Dry Processes, Apparatus Compositions and Systems for Reducing Mercury, Sulfur Oxides and HCl 有权
标题翻译：干法，设备组合物和还原汞，硫氧化物和HCl的系统
公开(公告)号：US20130294987A1
公开(公告)日：2013-11-07
申请号：US13873668
申请日：2013-04-30
申请人： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Kent W. Schulz , Emelito P. Rivera , Mingming Fang
发明人： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Kent W. Schulz , Emelito P. Rivera , Mingming Fang
IPC分类号： B01D53/64
CPC分类号： B01D53/64 , B01D53/507 , B01D53/79 , B01D53/80 , B01D2251/402 , B01D2251/404 , B01D2251/608 , B01D2251/80 , B01D2253/11 , B01D2259/126 , B01J20/0237 , B01J20/043 , B01J20/06 , B01J20/223 , F23J15/003 , F23J15/025 , F23J2215/20 , F23J2215/60
摘要： Dry processes, apparatus, compositions and systems are provided for reducing emissions of mercury and optionally sulfur oxides and/or HCl. In an embodiment the copper-based mercury remediation composition comprises a copper ammonium complex having an empirical formula of C2H7CuNO2 or any of the other materials described, which include compositions defined by the formula Cu(NH3)x((lower carboxylate)y, wherein the lower carboxylate is selected from the group consisting of formate, acetate and propionate, x is an integer from 0 to 4, y is an integer from 0 to 2, and x+y is equal to or greater than 1. Sulfur oxides and/or HCl can be additionally reduced by introduction of dolomite hydrate sorbent, and additional mercury remediation chemicals as manganese oxides can be employed. The treated gas stream is treated with a particulate removal device.
摘要翻译：提供干法，装置，组合物和系统，用于减少汞和任选的硫氧化物和/或HCl的排放。在一个实施方案中，铜基汞修复组合物包含具有经验式C 2 H 7 CuNO 2或所述其它材料的铜铵络合物，其包括由式Cu（NH 3）x（（低级羧酸酯）y）定义的组成，其中低级羧酸盐选自甲酸盐，乙酸盐和丙酸盐，x为0至4的整数，y为0至2的整数，x + y等于或大于1.硫氧化物和/或可以通过引入白云石水合物吸附剂来另外还原HCl，并且可以使用另外的汞修复化学品作为氧化锰，经处理的气流用微粒去除装置处理。

2. 发明申请

US20110203498A1 Methods, Apparatus and Systems for Improving the Operation of Cyclone Boilers 审中-公开
标题翻译：改善旋风锅炉运行的方法，装置和系统
公开(公告)号：US20110203498A1
公开(公告)日：2011-08-25
申请号：US13033374
申请日：2011-02-23
申请人： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Kent W. Schulz
发明人： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Kent W. Schulz
IPC分类号： F23J7/00 , F23D1/02
CPC分类号： F23J7/00 , F23C3/008
摘要： A process that uses targeted in-furnace Injection to feed a fluxing agent of the chemical family of compositions containing boron and/or alkali hydrates to either decrease heat transfer on waterwalls of utility furnaces burning solid fuels to improve steam generation, maintain steam temperature, and/or allow a protective layer of slag to form inside the barrels of cyclones on cyclone boilers burning fuels high in calcium so that the boiler can operate at a wider variety of power settings while allowing proper flow and drainage of slag from the cyclone barrels.
摘要翻译：一种使用目标炉内注射器来给含有硼和/或碱金属水合物的组合物化学族的助熔剂进料的方法，以减少燃烧固体燃料的实用炉炉壁上的热传递，以改善蒸汽产生，保持蒸汽温度，以及 /或允许在旋风锅炉内的旋风分离器桶内形成保护层，其中燃烧器燃烧高钙的燃料，使得锅炉能够在更多种功率设置下工作，同时允许来自旋风桶的炉渣的适当流动和排放。

3. 发明申请

US20100006014A1 TARGETED REAGENT INJECTION FOR SLAG CONTROL FROM COMBUSTION OF COALS HIGH IN IRON AND/OR CALCIUM 审中-公开
标题翻译：针对火山灰和/或钙的燃烧引起的烟雾控制注射试剂注射
公开(公告)号：US20100006014A1
公开(公告)日：2010-01-14
申请号：US12501590
申请日：2009-07-13
申请人： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Kent W. Schulz , Emelito P. Rivera
发明人： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Kent W. Schulz , Emelito P. Rivera
IPC分类号： F23J7/00 , F23J3/00 , F23J15/06
CPC分类号： C10L10/06 , C10L10/04 , C10L2200/0213 , C10L2200/0218 , C10L2200/0254 , C10L2290/141 , C10L2290/18 , F23J7/00
摘要： Disclosed is a process that increases the output of a combustor fired with coal having high iron and/or calcium content, by reducing the tendency of slag to form on heat exchange surfaces and changing the nature of the slag to make it easier to remove. The process includes combusting a slag-forming coal, having high iron and/or calcium content, with an overall excess of oxygen; moving the resulting combustion gases though heat exchange equipment under conditions which cause cooling of slag formed by burning the fuel; and prior to contact with said heat exchange equipment, introducing aqueous aluminum trihydroxide in amounts and with droplet sizes and concentrations effective to decrease the rate of fouling, and preferably, increase the friability of the resulting slag. Desirably, the aluminum trihydroxide reagent is introduced in the form of an aqueous liquid and computational fluid dynamics is employed to determine flow rates and select reagent introduction rates, reagent introduction location(s), reagent concentration, reagent droplet size and/or reagent momentum. In a preferred aspect, the feed rate will up to about 6 pounds ATH per ton and preferably with up to about 2 pounds Mg(OH)2 per ton of coal. A process is also provided for cleaning and maintaining cleanliness of a combustor.
摘要翻译：公开了一种通过降低炉渣在热交换表面上形成的倾向并改变炉渣的性质以使其更容易去除而增加燃烧具有高铁和/或钙含量的煤燃烧的燃烧器的输出的方法。该方法包括燃烧具有高铁和/或钙含量的成渣煤，其总量过氧; 在引起燃烧燃烧形成的炉渣冷却的条件下，通过热交换设备移动产生的燃烧气体; 并且在与所述热交换设备接触之前，引入氢氧化铝水溶液的量和液滴尺寸和浓度有效地降低结垢速率，并且优选地增加所得到的炉渣的脆性。理想地，以水性液体的形式引入三氢氧化铝试剂，并且使用计算流体动力学来确定流速并选择试剂引入速率，试剂引入位置，试剂浓度，试剂液滴尺寸和/或试剂动量。在优选的方面，进料速率将高达每吨约6磅ATH，优选每吨煤高达约2磅Mg（OH）2。还提供了用于清洁和保持燃烧器清洁度的方法。

4. 发明授权

US09289721B2 Process and apparatus for improving the operation of wet scrubbers 有权
标题翻译：改进湿式洗涤器操作的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US09289721B2
公开(公告)日：2016-03-22
申请号：US14190900
申请日：2014-02-26
申请人： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Kent W. Schulz , Emelito P. Rivera , Ian Saratovsky , Vasudeo S. Gavaskar
发明人： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Kent W. Schulz , Emelito P. Rivera , Ian Saratovsky , Vasudeo S. Gavaskar
IPC分类号： B01D53/50 , B01D53/68 , B01D53/74 , B01D53/75 , B01D53/78 , F23J15/04
CPC分类号： B01D53/68 , B01D53/502 , B01D53/75 , B01D53/78 , B01D2251/404 , B01D2251/60 , B01D2255/20761 , B01D2257/2045 , B01D2257/302 , B01D2258/0283 , F23J15/04 , F23J2219/10 , F23J2219/20 , F23J2219/40
摘要： The operation of wet scrubbers, especially those based on calcium carbonate, is improved by reducing the quantities of soluble chlorides in the combustion gases fed to the scrubbers. HCl in the combustion gases is converted to a solid copper chloride and removed before the chloride reaches the scrubber. Combustion gases are treated with an aqueous copper compound referred to as copper-bearing chloride remediator (CBCR). Effective temperatures for introducing the CBCRs are preferably within the range of from about 250° to 900° F. Among the more preferred CBCRs are copper compositions including copper, an organic moiety and/or an ammonia moiety.
摘要翻译：通过减少供给到洗涤器的燃烧气体中的可溶性氯化物的量，改进湿式洗涤器，特别是基于碳酸钙的洗涤器的操作。在燃烧气体中的HCl转化为固体氯化铜并在氯化物到达洗涤器之前除去。燃烧气体用被称为含铜氯化物补救剂（CBCR）的水性铜化合物处理。用于引入CBCR的有效温度优选在约250°至900°F的范围内。更优选的CBCR是铜组合物，包括铜，有机部分和/或氨部分。

5. 发明申请

US20140241970A1 Process and Apparatus for Improving the Operation of Wet Scrubbers 有权
标题翻译：改善湿式洗涤器运行的工艺和装置
公开(公告)号：US20140241970A1
公开(公告)日：2014-08-28
申请号：US14190900
申请日：2014-02-26
申请人： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Kent W. Schulz , Emelito P. Rivera , Ian Saratovsky , Vasudeo S. Gavaskar
发明人： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Kent W. Schulz , Emelito P. Rivera , Ian Saratovsky , Vasudeo S. Gavaskar
IPC分类号： B01D53/68
CPC分类号： B01D53/68 , B01D53/502 , B01D53/75 , B01D53/78 , B01D2251/404 , B01D2251/60 , B01D2255/20761 , B01D2257/2045 , B01D2257/302 , B01D2258/0283 , F23J15/04 , F23J2219/10 , F23J2219/20 , F23J2219/40
摘要： The description relates to improving the operation of wet scrubbers, especially those based on calcium carbonate, by reducing the quantities of soluble chlorides in the combustion gases fed to the scrubbers. By converting gaseous HCl in the combustion gases to a solid copper chloride and removing it before the chloride reaches the scrubber, the reactivity of the scrubbing slurry will be better maintained. Combustion gases are treated with an aqueous copper compound referred to as copper-bearing chloride remediator (CBCR). The process is preferably implemented by identifying locations within a combustor for feeding the CBCR, determining the physical form and injection parameters for the CBCR and injecting the CBCR under conditions effective to reduce HCl and/or sulfur oxides. Effective temperatures for introducing the CBCRs are preferably within the range of from about 250° to 900° F. Among the more preferred CBCRs are copper compositions including copper, an organic moiety and/or an ammonia moiety. One composition of this type is copper diamine diacetate, which has an empirical formula of C2H7CuNO2.
摘要翻译：该描述涉及通过减少供给到洗涤器的燃烧气体中的可溶性氯化物的量来改进湿式洗涤器的操作，特别是基于碳酸钙的操作。通过将燃烧气体中的气态HCl转化为固体氯化铜，并在氯化物到达洗涤器之前将其去除，洗涤浆料的反应性将得到更好的保持。燃烧气体用被称为含铜氯化物补救剂（CBCR）的水性铜化合物处理。该方法优选通过识别用于供给CBCR的燃烧器内的位置，确定CBCR的物理形式和注入参数并在有效降低HCl和/或硫氧化物的条件下注入CBCR来实现。用于引入CBCR的有效温度优选在约250°至900°F的范围内。更优选的CBCR是铜组合物，包括铜，有机部分和/或氨部分。这种类型的一种组合物是具有C2H7CuNO2经验式的铜二胺二乙酸酯。

6. 发明授权

US07845292B2 Process for slag and corrosion control in boilers 有权
标题翻译：锅炉渣和腐蚀控制工艺
公开(公告)号：US07845292B2
公开(公告)日：2010-12-07
申请号：US11548866
申请日：2006-10-12
申请人： J. David Martin , Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Kent W. Schulz , William H. Sun , Scott K. Bohlen , Glenn Brewer
发明人： J. David Martin , Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Kent W. Schulz , William H. Sun , Scott K. Bohlen , Glenn Brewer
IPC分类号： F23B90/00 , C10L10/04
CPC分类号： F23J7/00 , C02F1/70 , C02F5/083 , C02F2103/023 , C02F2303/08 , C10L10/04 , C23F11/182 , C23F14/02 , F22B37/025 , F23G5/48 , F28F19/00 , G01N17/006 , G01N17/02 , G01N17/04
摘要： A slag and corrosion control process is described. The process entails: identifying the location of at least one slagging problem area in a boiler; introducing a slag control chemical comprising magnesium oxide or hydroxide into combustion gases in a location identified as having a slagging problem; identifying the location of at least one corrosion problem area in a boiler; and introducing a corrosion control chemical comprising a sulfate salt, bisulfite salt, sulfuric acid, or sulfur into combustion gases in a location identified as having a corrosion problem. In operation, these slag deposits will be sufficiently friable to be removed by relatively moderate application of physical energy, thus saving time and reducing any damage to the tubes by the cleaning process. The slag deposits are less voluminous and less in weight and are removed quickly. It is an advantage of the invention that slag can be removed with little or no shut down of a boiler.
摘要翻译：描述了炉渣和腐蚀控制过程。该过程包括：确定锅炉中至少一个排渣问题区域的位置; 将包含氧化镁或氢氧化物的炉渣控制化学品引入被识别为具有结渣问题的位置的燃烧气体中; 识别锅炉中至少一个腐蚀问题区域的位置; 并将含有硫酸盐，亚硫酸氢盐，硫酸或硫的腐蚀控制化学品引入被鉴定为具有腐蚀问题的位置的燃烧气体中。在操作中，这些渣沉积物将足够易碎，以通过相对适度地施加物理能量去除，从而通过清洁过程节省时间并减少对管的任何损坏。渣沉积物体积较小，重量较轻，并迅速除去。本发明的优点在于可以很少或不关闭锅炉来去除渣。

7. 发明授权

US5894806A Process for increasing the effectiveness of slag and/or corrosion control chemicals for combustion units 失效
标题翻译：用于提高燃烧单元的炉渣和/或腐蚀控制化学品的有效性的方法
公开(公告)号：US5894806A
公开(公告)日：1999-04-20
申请号：US629
申请日：1997-12-30
申请人： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , William F. Michels , M. Damian Marshall , William H. Sun , Daniel V. Diep , Cari M. Chenanda
发明人： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , William F. Michels , M. Damian Marshall , William H. Sun , Daniel V. Diep , Cari M. Chenanda
IPC分类号： C10L10/00 , C10L10/04 , D21C11/10 , D21C11/12 , F23G5/48 , F23G7/04 , F23J7/00 , F23B7/00
CPC分类号： F23J7/00 , C10L10/04 , C10L10/06 , D21C11/106 , D21C11/12 , F23G5/48 , F23G7/04 , F23G2209/101
摘要： Reduction of slagging is improved by targeting slag-reducing chemicals in a furnace with the aid of computational fluid dynamic modeling. Chemical utilization and boiler maintenance are improved.
摘要翻译：借助于计算流体动力学建模，通过在炉中靶向减渣化学品来改善排渣的减少。化学利用和锅炉维护得到改善。

8. 发明授权

US07162960B2 Process for reducing plume opacity 有权
标题翻译：减少羽流不透明度的方法
公开(公告)号：US07162960B2
公开(公告)日：2007-01-16
申请号：US10754072
申请日：2004-01-08
申请人： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Emellto P. Rivera , Frank J. Zuccarini
发明人： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Emellto P. Rivera , Frank J. Zuccarini
IPC分类号： F23J15/00 , F23B7/00
CPC分类号： C10L10/04 , C10L9/10 , C10L10/02 , F23G2201/701 , F23G2207/60 , F23G2900/55002 , F23J7/00
摘要： Plume is mitigated by targeting treatment chemicals to locations in a furnace, which are connected with plume opacity. The effectiveness of targeted in furnace injection, in fuel introduction and in furnace introduction of slag and/or corrosion and/or plume control chemicals are determined, as are the effectiveness of targeted in furnace injection, in fuel introduction and in furnace introduction of combustion catalysts. Then, the effectiveness of various combinations of the above treatments are determined, and a treatment regimen employing one or more of the above treatments is selected. Preferred treatment regimens will contain at least two and preferably three of the treatments. Chemical utilization and boiler maintenance can improved as LOI carbon, slagging and/or corrosion are also controlled.
摘要翻译：通过将处理化学品靶向炉中与羽流不透明度相关的位置来减轻羽流。确定炉内注射，燃料引入和炉渣引入炉渣和/或腐蚀和/或羽流控制化学品中的目标的有效性，以及在燃烧引入和燃烧催化剂的炉子引入中靶向的有效性。然后，确定上述处理的各种组合的有效性，并选择使用上述一种或多种处理的治疗方案。优选的治疗方案将包含至少两种，优选三种治疗方法。化学利用和锅炉维护可以改善，因为LOI碳，排渣和/或腐蚀也受到控制。

9. 发明申请

US20140314651A1 Process and Apparatus for Improving the Operation of Wet Scrubbers 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20140314651A1
公开(公告)日：2014-10-23
申请号：US14190789
申请日：2014-02-26
申请人： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Kent W. Schulz , Emelito P. Rivera , Ian Saratovsky , Vasudeo S. Gavaskar
发明人： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , Kent W. Schulz , Emelito P. Rivera , Ian Saratovsky , Vasudeo S. Gavaskar
IPC分类号： B01D53/68
CPC分类号： B01D53/68 , B01D53/502 , B01D53/75 , B01D53/78 , B01D2251/404 , B01D2251/60 , B01D2255/20761 , B01D2257/2045 , B01D2257/302 , B01D2258/0283 , F23J15/04 , F23J2219/10 , F23J2219/20 , F23J2219/40
摘要： The description relates to improving the operation of wet scrubbers, especially those based on calcium carbonate, by reducing the quantities of soluble chlorides in the combustion gases fed to the scrubbers. By converting gaseous HCl in the combustion gases to a solid copper chloride and removing it before the chloride reaches the scrubber, the reactivity of the scrubbing slurry will be better maintained. Combustion gases are treated with an aqueous copper compound referred to as copper-bearing chloride remediator (CBCR). The process is preferably implemented by identifying locations within a combustor for feeding the CBCR, determining the physical form and injection parameters for the CBCR and injecting the CBCR under conditions effective to reduce HCl and/or sulfur oxides. Effective temperatures for introducing the CBCRs are preferably within the range of from about 250° to 900° F. Among the more preferred CBCRs are copper compositions including copper, an organic moiety and/or an ammonia moiety. One composition of this type is copper diamine diacetate, which has an empirical formula of C2H7CuNO2.

10. 发明授权

US5740745A Process for increasing the effectiveness of slag control chemicals for black liquor recovery and other combustion units 失效
标题翻译：用于提高黑液回收和其他燃烧单元的渣控制化学品的有效性的方法
公开(公告)号：US5740745A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-21
申请号：US710630
申请日：1996-09-20
申请人： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , William F. Michels , M. Damian Marshall , William H. Sun , Daniel V. Diep , Cari M. Chenanda
发明人： Christopher R. Smyrniotis , William F. Michels , M. Damian Marshall , William H. Sun , Daniel V. Diep , Cari M. Chenanda
IPC分类号： C10L10/00 , C10L10/04 , D21C11/10 , D21C11/12 , F23G5/48 , F23G7/04 , F23J7/00 , F23B7/00
CPC分类号： F23J7/00 , C10L10/04 , C10L10/06 , D21C11/106 , D21C11/12 , F23G5/48 , F23G7/04 , F23G2209/101
摘要： Reduction of slagging is improved by targeting slag-reducing chemicals in a furnace with the aid of computational fluid dynamic modeling. Chemical utilization and boiler maintenance are improved.
摘要翻译：借助于计算流体动力学建模，通过在炉中靶向减渣化学品来改善排渣的减少。化学利用和锅炉维护得到改善。

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