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21. 发明授权

US3963310A Liquid crystal waveguide 失效
标题翻译：液晶波导
公开(公告)号：US3963310A
公开(公告)日：1976-06-15
申请号：US389776
申请日：1973-08-20
申请人： Thomas G. Giallorenzi , Joel M. Schnur
发明人： Thomas G. Giallorenzi , Joel M. Schnur
IPC分类号： G02B6/126 , G02F1/1333 , G02F1/295 , G02F1/13
CPC分类号： G02F1/1326 , G02B6/126 , G02F1/295
摘要： An optical waveguide, which combines a thin film of aligned liquid-crystal sandwiched between two dielectric plates, is capable of performing many active optical processing functions such as modulation switching and beam deflection.
摘要翻译：结合夹在两个电介质板之间的取向液晶薄膜的光波导能够执行许多有效的光学处理功能，例如调制切换和光束偏转。

22. 发明授权

US5366881A Polymerizable lipids for preparing vesicles that controllably release an encapsulant 失效
标题翻译：用于制备可控制地释放密封剂的囊泡的可聚合脂质
公开(公告)号：US5366881A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-22
申请号：US23834
申请日：1993-02-23
申请人： Alok Singh , Joel M. Schnur
发明人： Alok Singh , Joel M. Schnur
IPC分类号： A61K8/14 , A61K9/127 , A61Q13/00 , C12N11/02 , C12N11/04 , A61K7/46 , A61K37/22 , B29C39/10
CPC分类号： C12N11/04 , A61K8/14 , A61K9/1273 , A61Q13/00 , Y10S435/968
摘要： The present invention provides novel polymerizable lipids and mixtures thof with non-polymerizable lipids and methods for the controlled release of encapsulated materials using stabilized or polymerized vesicles. Release is induced by pH, ions, temperature, light or other changes in the environment. Time release mechanisms are also employed. Applications of the present invention especially include encapsulation of enzymes and their subsequent sustained release for degradation of environmental pollutants, encapsulation of fluorescent markers for use in sensor systems, and encapsulation and release of fragrant molecules in detergents.
摘要翻译：本发明提供新的可聚合脂质及其与不可聚合脂质的混合物，以及使用稳定或聚合的囊泡控制释放包封材料的方法。释放是由pH，离子，温度，光或其他环境变化引起的。也采用时间释放机制。本发明的应用特别包括酶的包封及其随后的环境污染物降解的持续释放，用于传感器系统的荧光标记的封装以及清洁剂中香料分子的包封和释放。

23. 发明授权

US4867917A Method for synthesis of diacetylenic compounds 失效
标题翻译：二乙炔化合物的合成方法
公开(公告)号：US4867917A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-19
申请号：US946440
申请日：1986-12-24
申请人： Joel M. Schnur , Alok Singh
发明人： Joel M. Schnur , Alok Singh
IPC分类号： C07C51/347 , C07C51/353
CPC分类号： C07C51/347 , C07C51/353 , C07C67/343
摘要： A method for synthesizing a diynoic acid having the formula CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.n --C.tbd.C--C.tbd.C--(CH.sub.2).sub.m CO.sub.2 H comprising the steps of: selecting a one-halo alkyne from the group consisting of CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.n C.tbd.CX, where X is a selected halogen; selecting an omega-alkynoic acid having the formula, HC.tbd.C(CH.sub.2).sub.m CO.sub.2 H; dissolving the alkynoic acid in an aqueous solution of base; adding a catalytic amount of cuprous halide dissolved in an aqueous solution of alkylamine to the aqueous solution of alkynoic acid; adding a reducing agent to the solution of alkynoic acid and cuprous halide; adding the one-halo alkyne to the solution; adding as much more of the reducing agent to the solution as is necessary to maintain the cuprous ion in the cuprous state; wherein m is selected from the group of 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11, and n is selected from the group of 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16.
摘要翻译：该方法用于合成具有式CH 3（CH 2）n C 3 CF 3 CH 3 - （CH 2）m CO 2 H的二炔酸，该方法包括以下步骤：从由CH 3（CH 2）n C 3 CFON组成的组中选择一个卤代炔，其中X 是选择的卤素; 选择具有下式的ω-炔酸：HC 3BOND C（CH2）mCO2H; 将炔烃溶于碱的水溶液中; 将溶解在烷基胺水溶液中的催化量的卤化亚铜加入到炔酸的水溶液中; 向炔丙酸和卤化亚铜的溶液中加入还原剂; 向溶液中加入单卤代炔; 向维溶液中添加更多的还原剂，以保持亚铜离子在亚铜状态; 其中m选自5,6,7,8,9,10和11组，n选自7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15和 16。

24. 发明申请

US20110073836A1 High Power Density Photo-electronic and Photo-voltaic Materials and Methods of Making 有权
标题翻译：高功率密度光电子和光伏材料和制造方法
公开(公告)号：US20110073836A1
公开(公告)日：2011-03-31
申请号：US12776796
申请日：2010-05-10
申请人： Nikolai Lebedev , Scott A. Trammell , Stanislav Tsoi , Mark E. Twigg , Joel M. Schnur
发明人： Nikolai Lebedev , Scott A. Trammell , Stanislav Tsoi , Mark E. Twigg , Joel M. Schnur
IPC分类号： H01L31/0352 , H01B1/24 , B82Y99/00 , B82Y40/00
CPC分类号： H01L51/0093 , B82Y10/00 , H01L51/0048 , H01L51/4253 , Y02E10/549 , Y02P70/521 , Y10S977/842
摘要： A high power density photo-electronic and photo-voltaic material comprising a bio-inorganic nanophotoelectronic material with a photosynthetic reaction center protein encapsulated inside a multi-wall carbon nanotube or nanotube array. The array can be on an electrode. The photosynthetic reaction center protein can be immobilized on the electrode surface and the protein molecules can have the same orientation. A method of making a high power density photo-electronic and photo-voltaic material comprising the steps of immobilizing a bio-inorganic nanophotoelectronic material with a photosynthetic reaction center protein inside a carbon nanotube, wherein the immobilizing is by passive diffusion, wherein the immobilizing can include using an organic linker.
摘要翻译：一种高功率密度光电子和光电材料，其包含具有封装在多壁碳纳米管或纳米管阵列内的光合反应中心蛋白的生物无机纳米光电子材料。阵列可以在电极上。光合反应中心蛋白可以固定在电极表面上，蛋白质分子可以具有相同的取向。一种制造高功率密度光电子和光电材料的方法，包括以下步骤：将具有光合反应中心蛋白的生物无机纳米光电子材料固定在碳纳米管内，其中固定是通过被动扩散，其中固定罐包括使用有机接头。

25. 发明授权

US3980395A Liquid crystal switch for optical waveguide 失效
标题翻译：光波导液晶开关
公开(公告)号：US3980395A
公开(公告)日：1976-09-14
申请号：US528825
申请日：1974-12-02
申请人： Thomas G. Giallorenzi , Joel M. Schnur
发明人： Thomas G. Giallorenzi , Joel M. Schnur
IPC分类号： G02F1/1333 , G02F1/13
CPC分类号： G02F1/1326
摘要： This disclosure is directed to an electrical means for input and output coupling of light in optical waveguides.
摘要翻译：本公开涉及用于在光波导中输入和输出光耦合的电气装置。

26. 发明申请

US20130011954A1 High Power Density Photo-electronic and Photo-voltaic Materials and Methods of Making 有权
标题翻译：高功率密度光电子和光伏材料和制造方法
公开(公告)号：US20130011954A1
公开(公告)日：2013-01-10
申请号：US13610416
申请日：2012-09-11
申请人： Nikolai Lebedev , Scott A. Trammell , Stanislav Tsoi , Mark E. Twigg , Joel M. Schnur
发明人： Nikolai Lebedev , Scott A. Trammell , Stanislav Tsoi , Mark E. Twigg , Joel M. Schnur
IPC分类号： H01L31/18 , B82Y40/00
CPC分类号： H01L51/0093 , B82Y10/00 , H01L51/0048 , H01L51/4253 , Y02E10/549 , Y02P70/521 , Y10S977/842
摘要： A high power density photo-electronic and photo-voltaic material comprising a bio-inorganic nanophotoelectronic material with a photosynthetic reaction center protein encapsulated inside a multi-wall carbon nanotube or nanotube array. The array can be on an electrode. The photosynthetic reaction center protein can be immobilized on the electrode surface and the protein molecules can have the same orientation. A method of making a high power density photo-electronic and photo-voltaic material comprising the steps of immobilizing a bio-inorganic nanophotoelectronic material with a photosynthetic reaction center protein inside a carbon nanotube, wherein the immobilizing is by passive diffusion, wherein the immobilizing can include using an organic linker.
摘要翻译：一种高功率密度光电子和光电材料，其包含具有封装在多壁碳纳米管或纳米管阵列内的光合反应中心蛋白的生物无机纳米光电子材料。阵列可以在电极上。光合反应中心蛋白可以固定在电极表面上，蛋白质分子可以具有相同的取向。一种制造高功率密度光电子和光电材料的方法，包括以下步骤：将具有光合反应中心蛋白的生物无机纳米光电子材料固定在碳纳米管内，其中固定是通过被动扩散，其中固定罐包括使用有机接头。

27. 发明申请

US20100070195A1 COMPUTER-IMPLEMENTED BIOLOGICAL SEQUENCE IDENTIFIER SYSTEM AND METHOD 有权
标题翻译：计算机实现生物学序列识别系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20100070195A1
公开(公告)日：2010-03-18
申请号：US12617025
申请日：2009-11-12
申请人： Anthony P. Malanoski , Baochuan Lin , Joel M. Schnur , David A. Stenger
发明人： Anthony P. Malanoski , Baochuan Lin , Joel M. Schnur , David A. Stenger
IPC分类号： G06F19/00
CPC分类号： G06F19/22 , G06F19/18 , G06F19/20 , Y10S707/99936
摘要： A method of: submitting reference sequences to a taxonomic database to produce taxonomic results; and reporting a taxonomic identification based on the taxonomic results. The reference sequences are the output of genetic database queries that return a score for each reference sequence. A method for processing a biological sequence obtained from an assay by: converting base calls located in a predetermined list of positions within the biological sequence to N; and determining the ratio of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the biological sequence relative to a reference sequence. Each entry in the predetermined list of positions represents the capability of a substance hybridizing to a microarray used to generate the biological sequence. The substance is not the nucleic acid of a target pathogen.
摘要翻译：一种方法：将参考序列提交给分类数据库以产生分类结果; 并根据分类结果报告分类鉴定。参考序列是返回每个参考序列得分的遗传数据库查询的输出。一种用于处理通过以下方式获得的生物学序列的方法：将位于所述生物学序列内的预定位置列表中的基本呼叫转换为N; 并确定生物序列中单核苷酸多态性相对于参考序列的比例。预定位置列表中的每个条目表示与用于产生生物序列的微阵列杂交的物质的能力。该物质不是目标病原体的核酸。

28. 发明授权

US06936215B1 Processing methodology for the rational control of bilayer numbers leading to high efficiency production of lipid microtubules 失效
标题翻译：合理控制双层数量的加工方法导致脂质微管的高效生产
公开(公告)号：US06936215B1
公开(公告)日：2005-08-30
申请号：US08703608
申请日：1996-08-27
申请人： Ronald R. Price , Joel M. Schnur , Banahalli R. Ratna , Mark S. Spector
发明人： Ronald R. Price , Joel M. Schnur , Banahalli R. Ratna , Mark S. Spector
IPC分类号： B01J13/00
CPC分类号： C11B3/00
摘要： The wall thickness of lipid microtubules are controlled by selecting a methanol/water system and determining the required amount of a lipid to form the desired wall thickness. The lipid is dissolved in a small portion of the heated methanol and that clear solution is added to the remaining amount of the heated methanol/water system. By slowly cooling the solution, microtubules are formed which have the desired wall thickness. Preferred microtubules have a wall thickness of just 2 bilayers and they are robust so they can be further coated. They can be made with a large aspect ratio and with lengths of greater than 250 microns. The process permits production of microtubules in very high yields.
摘要翻译：通过选择甲醇/水系统并确定所需量的脂质以形成所需的壁厚来控制脂质微管的壁厚。将脂质溶解在一小部分加热的甲醇中，并将澄清溶液加入剩余量的加热的甲醇/水体系中。通过缓慢冷却溶液，形成具有所需壁厚的微管。优选的微管的壁厚仅为2双层，并且它们是坚固的，因此它们可以被进一步涂覆。它们可以制成具有大的纵横比并且长度大于250微米。该方法允许以非常高的产率生产微管。

29. 发明授权

US06294109B1 Ferroelectric and electroclinic liquid crystal materials with sub-ambient temperature stability, broad operation range, and fast dynamic response 失效
标题翻译：铁电和电子液晶材料具有亚环境温度稳定性，操作范围广，动态响应快
公开(公告)号：US06294109B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-25
申请号：US08489920
申请日：1995-06-13
申请人： Banahalli R. Ratna , Ranganathan Shashidhar , Jawad Naciri , Gregory P. Crawford , Joel M. Schnur
发明人： Banahalli R. Ratna , Ranganathan Shashidhar , Jawad Naciri , Gregory P. Crawford , Joel M. Schnur
IPC分类号： C09K1920
CPC分类号： C09K19/406 , C07C205/37 , C07C205/42 , C07C205/43 , C07F7/0838
摘要： A new class of mesogenic compounds has the formula: where R1 is an ester (—COO—) group; R2 is H, NO2, CN, F, or Cl; R3 is H, CH2═CH, or (CH3)3Si; k is 1 or 2; q is 0 or 1; m is from 2 to 16; n is from 2 to 12; r is from 0 to n−1 (but not greater than 3 or 4); s=1 when r=0, s=0 when r≠0; x is from 0 to 4; and * denotes the position of a chiral carbon. Compounds within this class will have a smectic A* phase, and in some cases a smectic C* phase. Mixtures including one or more of these mesogenic compounds will be useful for a variety of applications.
摘要翻译：一类新的介晶化合物具有下式：其中R1是酯（-COO-）基团; R2是H，NO2，CN，F或Cl; R3是H，CH2 = CH或（CH3）3Si; k为1或2; q为0或1; m为2〜16; n为2至12; r为0〜n-1（但不大于3或4）; 当r = 0时s = 1，当r <0时s = 0; x为0〜4; 和*表示手性碳的位置。该类中的化合物将具有近晶A *相，并且在一些情况下具有近晶C *相。包括这些介晶化合物中的一种或多种的混合物可用于各种应用。

30. 发明授权

US5705191A Sustained delivery of active compounds from tubules, with rational control 失效
标题翻译：持续输送活性化合物从小管，合理控制
公开(公告)号：US5705191A
公开(公告)日：1998-01-06
申请号：US523725
申请日：1995-08-18
申请人： Ronald R. Price , Joel M. Schnur , Alan S. Rudolph , Jonathan Selinger , Alok Singh , Bruce P. Gaber
发明人： Ronald R. Price , Joel M. Schnur , Alan S. Rudolph , Jonathan Selinger , Alok Singh , Bruce P. Gaber
IPC分类号： A61K9/00 , A61K9/127 , A61K9/24
CPC分类号： A61K9/0092 , A61K9/1274
摘要： The present invention is a method for releasing an active agent into a use nvironment, by disposing this active agent within the lumen of a population of tubules, and disposing the tubules into a use environment, either directly or in some matrix such as a paint in contact with the use environment. The tubules have a preselected release profile to provide a preselected release rate curve. The preselected release profile may be achieved by controlling the length or length distribution of the tubules, or by placing degradable endcaps over some or all of the tubules in the population, or by combinations of these methods. The invention is also a population of tubules having a preselected release profile to provide a preselected release rate curve.
摘要翻译：本发明是一种将活性剂释放到使用环境中的方法，其通过将该活性剂置于一群小管的内腔内，并将该小管直接或以某种基质如涂料与使用环境接触。小管具有预先选择的释放曲线以提供预选的释放速率曲线。预选释放曲线可以通过控制小管的长度或长度分布，或者通过将可降解端帽置于群体中的一些或全部小管上，或通过这些方法的组合来实现。本发明还是具有预选释放曲线以提供预选释放速率曲线的小管群。

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