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21. 发明申请

US20110090100A1 TRANSFORMING SIGNALS USING PASSIVE CIRCUITS 有权
标题翻译：使用被动电路变换信号
公开(公告)号：US20110090100A1
公开(公告)日：2011-04-21
申请号：US12746526
申请日：2008-12-05
申请人： Mahdieh B. Shemirani , Farshid Aryanfar
发明人： Mahdieh B. Shemirani , Farshid Aryanfar
IPC分类号： H03M9/00 , G06F17/14
CPC分类号： H01Q3/40
摘要： Passive signal combiners are employed to transform at least one signal from one domain to another. In some aspects the transformation comprises an NFL an IFFT, a DFT, or an IDFT. In some implementations the passive signal combiners comprise a set of planar waveguides (e.g., which may be referred to as beamformers or Rotman lenses) that have multiple inputs and outputs and are configured to provide orthogonal output signals. In some implementations an electrical signal (e.g., received via an antenna element) is coupled to passive beamformers that transform the electrical signal from one domain to another domain. Here, a transformation of the electrical signal by a given passive beamformer may have a first resolution, and outputs from the passive beamformers may correspond to orthogonal groups. A combiner circuit may be used to combine the outputs from the passive beamformers and produce a combined output having a second resolution and an associated error. In some aspects, this error may be less than a cumulative error associated with the passive beamformers if a single passive beamformer was instead employed to transform the electrical signal at the second resolution. Also, by using at least partially different bandwidths for components in the circuits, a higher effective bandwidth for the transformation may be achieved.
摘要翻译：被动信号组合器用于将至少一个信号从一个域转换到另一个域。在某些方面，转换包括NFL，IFFT，DFT或IDFT。在一些实施方式中，无源信号组合器包括具有多个输入和输出并且被配置为提供正交输出信号的一组平面波导（例如，其可以被称为波束形成器或Rotman透镜）。在一些实现中，电信号（例如，经由天线元件接收）耦合到无源波束形成器，其将电信号从一个域转换到另一个域。这里，给定无源波束形成器的电信号的变换可以具有第一分辨率，并且被动波束形成器的输出可以对应于正交组。可以使用组合器电路来组合来自无源波束形成器的输出，并产生具有第二分辨率和相关误差的组合输出。在某些方面，如果采用单个无源波束形成器来以第二分辨率转换电信号，该误差可能小于与被动波束形成器相关联的累积误差。此外，通过对电路中的组件使用至少部分不同的带宽，可以实现用于转换的较高有效带宽。

22. 发明申请

US20080267056A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING MULTI-ANTENNA TRANSMISSION 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于执行多天线传输的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20080267056A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-30
申请号：US11740455
申请日：2007-04-26
申请人： Farshid Aryanfar , Nicholas E. Buris , Frederick W. Vook
发明人： Farshid Aryanfar , Nicholas E. Buris , Frederick W. Vook
IPC分类号： H04B17/00
CPC分类号： H04B7/0617 , H04B17/101 , H04B17/102 , H04B17/103 , H04B17/17 , H04L1/0003 , H04L1/0009 , H04L1/0618
摘要： A method and apparatus for performing beamforming are provided herein. During operation, a mobile device will notify a base station of the situation in which one or more of its antennas has become unusable. Using this technique, the Multiple Input, Multiple Output (MIMO) algorithms employed at the base station will be adjusted accordingly.
摘要翻译：本文提供了一种用于执行波束形成的方法和装置。在操作期间，移动设备将通知基站其中一个或多个天线已经变得不可用的情况。使用这种技术，基站采用的多输入多输出（MIMO）算法将被相应地调整。

23. 发明授权

US09319105B2 Methods and systems for near-field MIMO communications 有权
标题翻译：近场MIMO通信的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US09319105B2
公开(公告)日：2016-04-19
申请号：US13704564
申请日：2011-05-26
申请人： Farshid Aryanfar
发明人： Farshid Aryanfar
IPC分类号： H04B5/00 , H04B7/04 , H04B7/06 , H04B7/10
CPC分类号： H01Q21/24 , H01Q1/2291 , H04B5/0025 , H04B5/0031 , H04B5/0081 , H04B7/0413 , H04B7/0469 , H04B7/0689 , H04B7/10 , Y02B70/30 , Y02D70/166 , Y02D70/42 , Y02D70/442 , Y02D70/444
摘要： A near-field communication (NFC) system supports increased data rates using a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) interface. Multiple receive antennas are positioned within the near field of multiple transmit antennas. The NFC system uses a combination of antenna spacing and polarizations to reduce correlation between channels, and thus improves performance by creating closer to ideal MIMO operation. Such system can also be operated as parallel SISO links with reduced cross-channel interference resulting in low power consumption.
摘要翻译：近场通信（NFC）系统使用多输入多输出（MIMO）接口支持增加的数据速率。多个接收天线位于多个发射天线的近场内。 NFC系统使用天线间隔和极化的组合来减少信道之间的相关性，从而通过创建更接近理想的MIMO操作来提高性能。这种系统也可以作为具有减少的跨信道干扰的并行SISO链路来操作，导致低功耗。

24. 发明授权

US09316731B2 Low-cost tracking system 有权
标题翻译：低成本跟踪系统
公开(公告)号：US09316731B2
公开(公告)日：2016-04-19
申请号：US14234623
申请日：2012-08-03
申请人： Frederick A. Ware , Farshid Aryanfar , John Brooks
发明人： Frederick A. Ware , Farshid Aryanfar , John Brooks
IPC分类号： G01S13/84 , G01S5/02 , G01S5/06 , G01S13/87 , G01S7/40 , G01S7/52
CPC分类号： G01S13/84 , A63F13/216 , G01S5/0294 , G01S5/06 , G01S7/52004 , G01S13/878 , G01S2007/4091
摘要： A method of tracking a second electronic device with respect to a first electronic device is disclosed. The method includes transmitting a first waveform of a first frequency along a first fixed path associated with the first device. A second waveform having a frequency based on the first frequency is wirelessly transmitted from the first device to the second device along a first wireless path. The second waveform is wirelessly transmitted from the second device to the first device along a second wireless path. The first and second waveforms are received at the phase comparator circuit. A first phase relationship of the received first waveform is then compared to a second phase relationship of the received re-transmitted waveform. A coordinate of the second device is determined with respect to a reference coordinate based on the comparing.
摘要翻译：公开了一种相对于第一电子设备跟踪第二电子设备的方法。该方法包括沿着与第一设备相关联的第一固定路径发送第一频率的第一波形。具有基于第一频率的频率的第二波形沿着第一无线路径从第一设备无线地发送到第二设备。第二波形沿着第二无线路径从第二设备无线发送到第一设备。第一和第二波形在相位比较器电路处被接收。然后将接收的第一波形的第一相位关系与所接收的重发波形的第二相位关系进行比较。基于比较，相对于参考坐标确定第二装置的坐标。

25. 发明授权

US09287616B2 Calibrating a retro-directive array for an asymmetric wireless link 有权
标题翻译：校准一个不对称无线链路的复用指令阵列
公开(公告)号：US09287616B2
公开(公告)日：2016-03-15
申请号：US14240405
申请日：2012-07-20
申请人： Farshid Aryanfar , Jihong Ren
发明人： Farshid Aryanfar , Jihong Ren
IPC分类号： H01Q1/50 , H01Q1/24 , H01Q3/26 , H04B17/13 , H04B17/12 , H04B17/14
CPC分类号： H01Q1/50 , H01Q1/241 , H01Q3/2647 , H01Q3/267 , H04B17/12 , H04B17/13 , H04B17/14
摘要： The disclosed embodiments relate to a technique for calibrating a retro-directive array. During the calibration process, the system measures a gain g1 through a first pair of antennas in the retro-directive array. Next, the system measures a gain g2 through a second pair of antennas in the retro-directive array. The system then simultaneously measures a combined gain G1,2 through the first and second pairs of antennas in the retro-directive array. If G1,2 is less than g1+g2 by more than a threshold value, the system calibrates a phase relationship between the first and second pairs of antennas.
摘要翻译：所公开的实施例涉及用于校准后向指令阵列的技术。在校准过程中，系统通过反向指令阵列中的第一对天线测量增益g1。接下来，系统通过后向指令阵列中的第二对天线测量增益g2。然后，该系统同时测量通过后向指令阵列中的第一和第二对天线的组合增益G1.2。如果G1,2小于g1 + g2超过阈值，则系统校准第一和第二对天线之间的相位关系。

26. 发明申请

US20140134963A1 TRACKING SYSTEM WITH ORTHOGONAL POLARIZATIONS AND A RETRO-DIRECTIVE ARRAY 失效
标题翻译：具有正交极化和重定向阵列的跟踪系统
公开(公告)号：US20140134963A1
公开(公告)日：2014-05-15
申请号：US14002353
申请日：2012-03-01
申请人： Farshid Aryanfar
发明人： Farshid Aryanfar
IPC分类号： H04B1/44
CPC分类号： H04B7/061 , H01Q3/2647 , H03F2200/198 , H03F2200/204 , H04B1/44 , H04B7/0671 , H04B7/0854 , H04B7/10 , H04L27/12
摘要： The disclosed embodiments relate to a retro-directive array that facilitates a tracking operation. This retro-directive array includes a first antenna configured to receive an input signal which is substantially circularly polarized from a tracking device. The first antenna separates the input signal into two signal components (e.g., Ex and Ey) associated with different orthogonal polarizations, wherein the two signal components comprise a quadrature signal wherein Ey=j·Ex. The retro-directive array also includes a bi-directional quadrature gain (BQG) module coupled to the first antenna which is configured to boost the quadrature signal. It additionally includes a second antenna which configured to transmit the boosted quadrature signal to the tracking device. The disclosed embodiments also relate to a transceiver switch, which includes: an input configured to receive a signal to be transmitted, and two phase mixers configured to receive the signal to be transmitted and phase inputs I and Q, and to produce a signal comprising two quadrature signal components SI and SQ, respectively, wherein SQ=j SI. The transmit switch also includes a hybrid coupler, which is configured to combine SI phase shifted by 180° with SQ phase shifted by 90° to produce a transmit output which is proportionate to S; and a switching mechanism configured to turn off the transmit output by swapping the phase inputs I and Q to the phase mixers.
摘要翻译：所公开的实施例涉及促进跟踪操作的后向指令阵列。该后向指令阵列包括被配置为接收从跟踪装置基本上圆偏振的输入信号的第一天线。第一天线将输入信号分离成与不同正交偏振相关联的两个信号分量（例如，Ex和Ey），其中两个信号分量包括正交信号，其中Ey = j·Ex。后向指令阵列还包括耦合到第一天线的双向正交增益（BQG）模块，其被配置为提升正交信号。它还包括配置成将升压的正交信号传送到跟踪装置的第二天线。所公开的实施例还涉及收发器开关，其包括：被配置为接收要发送的信号的输入端和被配置为接收要发送的信号和相位输入I和Q的两个相位混频器，并且产生包括两个正交信号分量SI和SQ，其中SQ = j SI。发射开关还包括混合耦合器，其被配置为将SI相移180°的SQ相移移位90°以产生与S成正比的发射输出; 以及切换机构，被配置为通过将相位输入I和Q交换到相位混合器来关闭发送输出。

27. 发明授权

US08605823B2 Communication using continuous-phase modulated signals 有权
公开(公告)号：US08605823B2
公开(公告)日：2013-12-10
申请号：US12679764
申请日：2008-04-29
申请人： Aliazam Abbasfar , Farshid Aryanfar
发明人： Aliazam Abbasfar , Farshid Aryanfar
IPC分类号： H03C3/00
CPC分类号： H04L27/22 , H04B1/16 , H04L27/2014 , H04L27/2082
摘要： Embodiments of a circuit are described. In this circuit, a modulation circuit provides a first modulated electrical signal and a second modulated electrical signal, where a given modulated electrical signal, which can be either the first modulated electrical signal or the second modulated electrical signal, includes minimum-shift keying (MSK) modulated data. Moreover, a first phase-adjustment element, which is coupled to the modulation circuit, sets a relative phase between the first modulated electrical signal and the second modulated electrical signal based on a phase value of the first phase-adjustment element. Additionally, an output interface, which is coupled to the first phase-adjustment element, is coupled to one or more antenna elements which output signals. These signals include a quadrature phase-shift-keying (QPSK) signal corresponding to the first modulated electrical signal and the second modulated electrical signal.

28. 发明授权

US08484277B2 Transforming signals using passive circuits 有权
标题翻译：使用无源电路转换信号
公开(公告)号：US08484277B2
公开(公告)日：2013-07-09
申请号：US12746526
申请日：2008-12-05
申请人： Mahdieh B. Shemirani , Farshid Aryanfar
发明人： Mahdieh B. Shemirani , Farshid Aryanfar
IPC分类号： G06F17/14
CPC分类号： H01Q3/40
摘要： Passive signal combiners are employed to transform at least one signal from one domain to another. In some aspects the transformation comprises an FFT, an IFFT, a DFT, or an IDFT. In some implementations the passive signal combiners comprise a set of planar waveguides (e.g., which may be referred to as beamformers or Rotman lenses) that have multiple inputs and outputs and are configured to provide orthogonal output signals. In some implementations an electrical signal (e.g., received via an antenna element) is coupled to passive beamformers that transform the electrical signal from one domain to another domain. Here, a transformation of the electrical signal by a given passive beamformer may have a first resolution, and outputs from the passive beamformers may correspond to orthogonal groups. A combiner circuit may be used to combine the outputs from the passive beamformers and produce a combined output having a second resolution and an associated error. In some aspects, this error may be less than a cumulative error associated with the passive beamformers if a single passive beamformer was instead employed to transform the electrical signal at the second resolution. Also, by using at least partially different bandwidths for components in the circuits, a higher effective bandwidth for the transformation may be achieved.
摘要翻译：被动信号组合器用于将至少一个信号从一个域转换到另一个域。在一些方面，变换包括FFT，IFFT，DFT或IDFT。在一些实施方式中，无源信号组合器包括具有多个输入和输出并且被配置为提供正交输出信号的一组平面波导（例如，其可以被称为波束形成器或Rotman透镜）。在一些实现中，电信号（例如，经由天线元件接收）耦合到无源波束形成器，其将电信号从一个域转换到另一个域。这里，给定无源波束形成器的电信号的变换可以具有第一分辨率，并且被动波束形成器的输出可以对应于正交组。可以使用组合器电路来组合来自无源波束形成器的输出，并产生具有第二分辨率和相关误差的组合输出。在某些方面，如果采用单个无源波束形成器来以第二分辨率转换电信号，该误差可能小于与被动波束形成器相关联的累积误差。此外，通过对电路中的组件使用至少部分不同的带宽，可以实现用于转换的较高有效带宽。

29. 发明授权

US09606223B2 High-accuracy and low-power tracking system for mobile devices 有权
公开(公告)号：US09606223B2
公开(公告)日：2017-03-28
申请号：US14235783
申请日：2012-08-01
申请人： Farshid Aryanfar , Marko Aleksić , Kambiz Kaviani
发明人： Farshid Aryanfar , Marko Aleksić , Kambiz Kaviani
IPC分类号： G01S5/02 , G01S13/00 , G01S7/35 , G01S13/42 , G01S13/75
CPC分类号： G01S13/00 , G01S7/352 , G01S13/424 , G01S13/756
摘要： An electronic device for wirelessly tracking the position of a second electronic device is disclosed. The electronic device includes transceiver circuitry having a beacon generator to generate a beacon at a particular frequency and direction. An antenna array transmits the beacon, and receives at least one reflected beacon from the second electronic device. The reflected beacon is received if a position of the second electronic device lies within a range of directions of the beacon. The transceiver circuitry further includes an injection-locked oscillator having an input coupled to the antenna array to receive reflected beacons, and to lock to the reflected beacon when the reflected beacon has a frequency value within locking range of the oscillator. Processing circuitry coupled to the transceiver circuitry tracks the position of the second device based on the lock condition of the oscillator.

30. 发明授权

US09275784B2 Electronic circuits using coupled multi-inductors 有权
标题翻译：使用耦合多电感器的电子电路
公开(公告)号：US09275784B2
公开(公告)日：2016-03-01
申请号：US14346299
申请日：2012-08-29
申请人： Mohammad Hekmat , Farshid Aryanfar , Kambiz Kaviani
发明人： Mohammad Hekmat , Farshid Aryanfar , Kambiz Kaviani
IPC分类号： H03B5/12 , H01F27/00 , H03B27/00 , H03K5/24
CPC分类号： H03B27/00 , H01F27/006 , H01F27/2804 , H03B5/1212 , H03B5/1215 , H03B5/1228 , H03B15/00 , H03K5/145 , H03K5/24 , H03K2005/00052
摘要： Coupled multi-inductors and their applications. An apparatus includes several circuit stages. Each circuit stage includes an inductive element that overlaps with the inductive elements of its adjacent circuit stages, forming a loop of coupled circuit stages. The apparatus may be, for example, a multi-phase oscillator with multiple oscillators that are magnetically coupled to each other for generating oscillation signals at different phases. The apparatus may also be, for example, a phase interpolator for combining input signals.
摘要翻译：耦合多电感及其应用。一种装置包括几个电路级。每个电路级包括与其相邻电路级的电感元件重叠的电感元件，形成耦合电路级的回路。该装置可以是例如具有彼此磁耦合的多个振荡器的多相振荡器，用于在不同相位产生振荡信号。该装置也可以是例如用于组合输入信号的相位插值器。

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