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1. 发明申请

WO2022125912A1 PLASMA INJECTION AND CONFINEMENT SYSTEMS AND METHODS 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2022125912A1
公开(公告)日：2022-06-16
申请号：PCT/US2021/062830
申请日：2021-12-10
申请人： FUSE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES CORP. [US]/[US]
发明人： GOLINGO, Raymond , BTAICHE, Jean-christoph , HARRIS, Paul , CHOUDHURY, Ayan , SEIFOLLAHI MOGHADAM, Zahra , TOCHON, Pierre
IPC分类号： G21B1/05 , H05H1/06
摘要： Plasma processing systems and methods for fusion power applications are disclosed. The system can include a plasma confinement device including a reaction chamber; a plasma formation and injection device configured to form a source plasma outside the reaction chamber and inject the source plasma inside the reaction chamber; and a power supply configured to supply power to the plasma confinement device to apply a voltage across the reaction chamber to compress the source plasma into a Z-pinch plasma capable of sustaining fusion reactions. The plasma confinement device can include an inner electrode surrounded by an outer electrode to define therebetween an acceleration region of the reaction chamber. The outer electrode can extend beyond the inner electrode to define an assembly region of the reaction chamber. The source plasma can be injected in the acceleration region and flowed into the assembly region to be compressed into the Z-pinch plasma.

2. 发明申请

WO2022260878A2 APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR EXTENDED PLASMA CONFINEMENT 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2022260878A2
公开(公告)日：2022-12-15
申请号：PCT/US2022/031376
申请日：2022-05-27
申请人： ZAP ENERGY, INC.
发明人： SHUMLAK, Uri , NELSON, Brian A. , MEIER, Eric T.
IPC分类号： G21B1/05 , G21B1/11 , G21B1/21 , H05H1/06 , H05H1/54
摘要： Methods and systems are provided for plasma confinement utilizing various electrode and valve configurations. In one example, a device includes a first electrode positioned to define an outer boundary of an acceleration volume, a second electrode arranged coaxially with respect to the first electrode and positioned to define an inner boundary of the acceleration volume, at least one power supply to drive an electric current along a Z-pinch plasma column between the first second electrodes, and a set of valves to provide gas to the acceleration volume to fuel the Z-pinch plasma column, wherein an electron flow of the electric current is in a first direction from the second electrode to the first electrode. In additional or alternative examples, a shaping part is conductively connected to the second electrode to, in a presence of the gas, cause a gas breakdown of the gas to generate a sheared flow velocity profile.

3. 发明申请

WO01037309A1 PLASMA FOCUS LIGHT SOURCE WITH IMPROVED PULSE POWER SYSTEM 审中-公开
标题翻译：具有改进脉冲电力系统的等离子体聚焦光源
公开(公告)号：WO01037309A1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-25
申请号：PCT/US2000/029750
申请日：2000-10-26
IPC分类号： G21K5/00 , G03F7/20 , G21K5/02 , H01L21/027 , H05G2/00 , H05H1/06 , H01J35/20 , H01S3/00 , H01S3/22
CPC分类号： H05G2/003 , B82Y10/00 , G03F7/70033 , G03F7/70166 , G03F7/70916 , H05G2/005 , H05H1/06
摘要： A high energy photon source. A pair of plasma pinch electrodes (8) are located in a vacuum chamber in a plasma pinch unit (2). The chamber contains a working gas which includes a noble buffer gas and an active gas chosen to produce a desired spectral line. A pulse power source (10) provides electrical pulses at high enough voltages to create electrical discharges between the electrodes. This produces high temperature, high density plasma pinches in the working gas providing radiation at the spectral line of the source. The electrodes are configured coaxially with the anode on the axis. Active gas is introduced through the hollow anode. This permits an optimization of the spectral line source and a separate optimization of the buffer gas.
摘要翻译：高能光子源。一对等离子体夹持电极（8）位于等离子体夹紧单元（2）中的真空室中。该室包含工作气体，其包括选择产生所需光谱线的贵重缓冲气体和活性气体。脉冲电源（10）以足够高的电压提供电脉冲以在电极之间产生放电。这在工作气体中产生高温，高密度等离子体夹持，从而在源的光谱线提供辐射。电极与轴上的阳极同轴配置。活性气体通过中空阳极引入。这允许对光谱线源进行优化和缓冲气体的单独优化。

4. 发明申请

WO2018156860A1 PLASMA CONFINEMENT SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR USE 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2018156860A1
公开(公告)日：2018-08-30
申请号：PCT/US2018/019364
申请日：2018-02-23
申请人： UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
发明人： SHUMLAK, Uri , NELSON, Brian, A. , GOLINGO, Raymond
IPC分类号： H05H1/06 , H05H5/02 , G21B1/05
摘要： An example method includes directing gas, via one or more first valves, from within an inner electrode to an acceleration region between the inner electrode and an outer electrode that substantially surrounds the inner electrode, directing gas, via two or more second valves, from outside the outer electrode to the acceleration region, and applying, via a power supply, a voltage between the inner electrode and the outer electrode, thereby converting at least a portion of the directed gas into a plasma saving a substantially annular cross section, the plasma flowing axially within the acceleration region toward a first end of the inner electrode and a first end of the outer electrode and, thereafter, establishing a Z-pinch plasma that flows between the first end of the outer electrode and the first end of the inner electrode. Related plasma confinement systems and methods are also disclosed herein.

5. 发明申请

WO0207484A3 METHOD OF PRODUCING SHORT-WAVE RADIATION FROM A GAS-DISCHARGE PLASMA AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING IT 审中-公开
标题翻译：从气体放电等离子体生产短波辐射的方法及其实现装置的方法
公开(公告)号：WO0207484A3
公开(公告)日：2002-04-25
申请号：PCT/EP0107658
申请日：2001-07-04
申请人： LAMBDA PHYSIK AG , BORISOV VLADIMIR MIKHAILOVICH , KHRISTOFOROV OLEG BORISOVICH
发明人： BORISOV VLADIMIR MIKHAILOVICH , KHRISTOFOROV OLEG BORISOVICH
IPC分类号： G21K1/00 , G21K5/00 , G21K5/02 , G21K7/00 , H01L21/027 , H05G2/00 , H05H1/06 , H05H1/24
CPC分类号： H05G2/003 , H05G2/005

6. 发明申请

WO02007484A2 METHOD OF PRODUCING SHORT-WAVE RADIATION FROM A GAS-DISCHARGE PLASMA AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING IT 审中-公开
标题翻译：从气体放电等离子体产生短波辐射的方法及其实施装置
公开(公告)号：WO02007484A2
公开(公告)日：2002-01-24
申请号：PCT/EP2001/007658
申请日：2001-07-04
IPC分类号： G21K1/00 , G21K5/00 , G21K5/02 , G21K7/00 , H01L21/027 , H05G2/00 , H05H1/06 , H05H1/24 , H05H1/00
CPC分类号： H05G2/003 , H05G2/005
摘要： A method and apparatus produce short-wave radiation from a gas-discharge plasma, comprising pre-ionization of the gas in the discharge region between coaxial electrodes achieved through an axial aperture formed in one of the electrodes and initiation of a pinch-type discharge. In order to increase the efficiency, energy, average power and stability of the radiation of the gas-discharge plasma, pre-ionization is achieved by a flux of radiation having wavelengths from the UV to X-ray range and by a flux of accelerated electrons from the plasma of a pulsed sliding discharge initiated in a region not optically communicating with the axis of the pinch-type discharge, with a rate of growth of the discharge voltage across the region of more than 10 V/s, the fluxes of radiation and electrons being formed axially symmetrically and directed into the part of the discharge region outside the axis. In a device for implementing the method, the source of pre-ionization is disposed outside the discharge chamber and is designed in the form of an axially symmetrical system for forming a sliding discharge, said system comprising an elongated initiating electrode coated with a dielectric layer on the surface of which electrode a trigger electrode is disposed, the initiating electrode being arranged coaxially with the electrodes of the discharge chamber and formed in such a way that the dielectric layer is disposed in a region not optically communicating with the axis of the discharge chamber and one of the electrodes of the system for forming a sliding discharge being combined with one of the electrodes of the discharge chamber, a pulse generator being introduced into the device that has a rate of growth of output voltage of more than 10 V/s, the output of positive polarity of which is connected to the initiating electrode for forming the sliding discharge. A dielectric insert with an axial aperture can be introduced into the discharge chamber, on the surface of said insert there are disposed electrodes of the discharge chamber.
摘要翻译：一种用于由气体放电等离子体产生短波辐射的方法和设备，该气体放电等离子体由在通过轴向孔径获得的同轴电极之间的放电区域中的气体预电离形成在其中一个电极中并触发撮式放电。为了提高气体放电等离子体的效率，能量，平均功率和辐射稳定性，预电离由具有在UV辐射范围内的波长的辐射通量来自等离子体的脉冲辉光放电的X射线和加速电子通量在与箍缩型放电的轴不光学连通的区域中触发，同时放电电压的增加该区域大于10 11 V / s，辐射和电子流轴向对称地形成并且指向离轴放电区的离轴部分。在用于执行该方法的装置中，预电离源位于放电室外部并被设计为轴对称系统以形成滑动放电，所述系统包括细长的触发电极在其表面上设置有发射电极的电介质层上涂覆，发射电极与放电室的电极同轴布置并形成为使得电介质层被布置在与放电室的轴线和系统的一个电极不光学连通的区域中，为了与放电室的一个电极形成组合的辉光放电，将脉冲发生器引入装置其输出电压增加超过10 11 V / s，其正极性输出是连接到跳闸电极以形成滑动放电。具有轴向开口的绝缘插入件可以被引入到放电室中，在所述插入件的表面上设置放电室的电极。

7. 发明申请

WO2022220932A2 PLASMA GENERATION SYSTEMS AND METHODS WITH ENHANCED ELECTRODE CONFIGURATIONS 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2022220932A2
公开(公告)日：2022-10-20
申请号：PCT/US2022/017858
申请日：2022-02-25
申请人： FUSE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES CORP.
发明人： GOLINGO, Raymond , SEIFOLLAHI MOGHADAM, Zahra , CHOUDHURY, Ayan
IPC分类号： G21B1/05 , G21B1/11 , H05H1/04 , H05H1/06 , H05H1/24 , H05H1/46 , H05H3/02 , H01J37/30 , H01J37/32
摘要： Plasma generation systems and methods with enhanced electrode configurations are disclosed. The system can include a plasma confinement device extending along a Z-pinch axis and including an inner electrode having at least two inner electrode segments disposed successively axially, and an outer electrode including at least two outer electrode segments disposed successively axially. The outer electrode surrounds the inner electrode to define therebetween an acceleration region configured to contain a source plasma and extends forwardly beyond the inner electrode to define an assembly region adjacent the acceleration region. The system can also include a power supply unit including at least two power supplies, each of which configured to apply a voltage between a respective inner electrode segment and a respective outer electrode segment. The application of the voltages causes the source plasma to flow along the acceleration region and into the assembly region to be compressed into a Z-pinch plasma.

8. 发明申请

WO2008098914A1 A SYSTEM FOR ACTIVATING A PLASMA FOCUS UNIT 审中-公开
标题翻译：一个用于激活等离子体聚焦单元的系统
公开(公告)号：WO2008098914A1
公开(公告)日：2008-08-21
申请号：PCT/EP2008/051646
申请日：2008-02-12
申请人： O.C.E.M. S.P.A. , FARIOLI, Marco
发明人： FARIOLI, Marco
IPC分类号： G21B3/00 , H05H1/06
CPC分类号： G21B3/00 , G21B1/21 , H05H1/06 , Y02E30/18
摘要： A system for activating a plasma focus unit, comprising a plurality of electric meshes, (E 1 ), (E 2 ),..., (E J ),..., (E N ),each of which comprises the plasma focus unit PF and a relative branch (R J ), derived from terminals (H), (K) of the plasma focus unit (PF). A first mesh (E 1 ) exhibits: a current switch (SW); a diode (D 1 ); and a bank of capacitors (C 1 ) able to set off a current discharge (i C ) across the plasma focus unit (PF); the remaining meshes (E 2 ),..., (E J ),..., (E N ),each exhibit: a diode (D J ); and a bank of capacitors (C J ) charged at a potential difference which is insufficient for setting off a current (i C ) discharge across the plasma focus unit (PF).
摘要翻译：一种用于激活等离子体聚焦单元的系统，包括多个电网，（E 1 / N 2），（E 2 2），...，（E S ，其中每个包括源自端子的等离子体聚焦单元PF和相对分支（R SUB），相对分支（R SUB）（H），（K）等离子体聚焦单元。第一网格（E 1> 1）表现出：电流开关（SW）; 一个二极管（D 1 N）; 以及能够跨越等离子体聚焦单元（PF）排出电流放电（I SUB）的一组电容器（C 1 SUB）; 其余的网格（E 2 2）），，，，E E J J J J J））））：：：：：：：：：：：：：：）二极管（D SUB）; 以及在电位差充电的电容器组（C SUB），其不足以用于排出等离子体聚焦单元（PF）上的电流（I SUB C）放电。

9. 发明申请

WO2008098913A1 AN APPARATUS FOR ACTIVATING A PLASMA FOCUS UNIT 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于激活等离子体聚焦单元的装置
公开(公告)号：WO2008098913A1
公开(公告)日：2008-08-21
申请号：PCT/EP2008/051645
申请日：2008-02-12
申请人： O.C.E.M. S.P.A. , BASILE, Gianluigi
发明人： BASILE, Gianluigi
IPC分类号： H05H1/06 , G21B3/00
CPC分类号： H05H1/06 , G21B1/21 , G21B3/00 , Y02E30/18
摘要： An apparatus for activating a plasma focus unit, comprising a first electric mesh (E 1 ), in turn comprising: the plasma focus unit (PF); a bank of capacitors (C) derived from a first tension node (A) and a second tension node (B); a switch (SW 1 ), and a diode (D1) for conducting the current (i c ) when the potential of the node (A) is greater than the potential of the node (B). The apparatus further comprises an additional electric branch (RA) connected to the bank of capacitors (C) to define an electric mesh (E 2 ), comprising: a diode (D2) for conducting the current (i c ) when the potential of the node (B) is greater than the potential of the node (A); and a current switch (SW 2 ).
摘要翻译：一种用于激活等离子体聚焦单元的装置，包括第一电网（E＆gt; 1＆gt;），其又包括：等离子体聚焦单元（PF）; 源自第一张力节点（A）和第二张力节点（B）的电容器组（C）; 一个开关（SW 1 SUB）和一个用于在节点（A）的电位大于电位的电位时导通电流（i）的二极管（D1）节点（B）。该装置还包括连接到电容器组（C）的附加电分支（RA），以限定电网（E 2>），包括：二极管（D2），用于传导电流当节点（B）的电位大于节点（A）的电位时; 和电流开关（SW 2 2）。

10. 发明申请

WO01095362A1 PLASMA FOCUS LIGHT SOURCE WITH ACTIVE AND BUFFER GAS CONTROL 审中-公开
标题翻译：具有主动和缓冲气体控制的等离子体聚焦光源
公开(公告)号：WO01095362A1
公开(公告)日：2001-12-13
申请号：PCT/US2001/018680
申请日：2001-06-07
IPC分类号： G21K1/00 , G03F7/20 , G21K1/06 , G21K5/00 , G21K5/02 , G21K5/08 , H01L21/027 , H05G2/00 , H05H1/06 , H05H1/24 , H01J35/20
CPC分类号： H05G2/003 , B82Y10/00 , G03F7/70033 , G03F7/70166 , G03F7/70908 , G03F7/70916 , H05G2/005 , H05H1/06
摘要： A high energy photon source. A pair of plasma pinch electrodes are located in a vacuum chamber (10). The chamber (10) contains a working gas which includes a noble buffer gas and an active gas chosen to provide a desired spectral line. A pulse power source provides electrical pulses at repetition rates of 1000 Hz or greater and at voltages high enough to create electrical discharge between the electrodes to produce very high temperature, high density plasma pinches in the working gas providing radiation at the spectral line of the source or active gas. A fourth generation unit is described which produces 20 mJ, 13.5 nm pulses into 2 pi steradians at repetition rates of 2000 Hz with xenon as the active gas. This unit includes a pulse power system having a resonant charger charging a charging capacitor bank, and a magnetic compression circuit comprising a pulse transformer for generating the high voltage electrical pulses at 2000 Hz or greater. Gas flows in the vacuum chamber are controlled to assure desired concentration of active gas in the discharge region and to minimize active gas concentration in the beam path downstream of the pinch region. In a preferred embodiment, active gas is injected downstream of the pinch region through a nozzle (2) and exhausted axially through an exhaust port (3) in the center of the anode. In another preferred embodiment a laserbeam generates metal vapor at a location close to but downstream of the pinch region and the vapor is exhausted axially through the anode.
摘要翻译：高能光子源。一对等离子体夹持电极位于真空室（10）中。室（10）包含工作气体，其包括贵重缓冲气体和选择用于提供所需光谱线的活性气体。脉冲电源以1000Hz或更大的重复频率提供电脉冲，并且在足够高的电压下在电极之间产生电放电，以在工作气体中产生非常高温度的高密度等离子体夹持，从而在源的光谱线处提供辐射或活性气体。描述了第四代单元，其以氙气作为活性气体以2000Hz的重复频率产生20mJ，13.5nm脉冲到2π立体声中。该单元包括具有对充电电容器组充电的谐振充电器的脉冲电力系统和包括用于产生2000Hz或更大的高电压电脉冲的脉冲变压器的磁性压缩电路。控制真空室中的气体流动以确保放电区域中活性气体的期望浓度，并使夹持区域下游的光束路径中的活性气体浓度最小化。在优选实施例中，活性气体通过喷嘴（2）在夹紧区域的下游被注入，并且通过在阳极中心的排气口（3）沿轴向排出。在另一个优选实施例中，激光束在靠近夹紧区域的下游的位置处产生金属蒸汽，并且蒸汽轴向地通过阳极排出。

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